#6 recvoery presentation2/9/2016 1 comprehensive recovery strategies no pain no gain? • rest and...

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2/9/2016 1 Comprehensive Recovery Strategies No Pain No Gain? Rest and recovery should be a planned part of program design. Trainers must know the signs of overtraining or underrecovery. Professional athletes even have an off season. Recovery is the missing piece to program design. What is Recovery? Basic principle of training with two primary roles: 1. Monitor athlete’s/client’s adaptation to training and stress 2. Selection of specific recovery techniques to minimize fatigue from training. Controlling Fatigue and Recovery The Autonomic Nervous System: Parasympathetic System Sympathetic Nervous System Improving performance is about balancing stress and recovery. Both are controlled by the ANS. Stimulus & Recovery TRAINING LOAD RECOVERY TIME Acute Training Stress (standard fatigue) < 2448 Hours Unaccustomed Exercise (overstrain) 35 Days Training Overload (overload fatigue) 57 Days with a reduction in training load Excessive Training Load/Insufficient Recovery 2 Weeks with a reduction in training load ShortTerm Overreaching > 1 Month with substantial reduction in training load LongTerm Overreaching Sleep and ANS Sleep is the most important component in the recovery process. Sleep deprivation increases SNS activity. Leads to: Delayed visual & auditory reaction time Reduces endurance performance Impairs motor function Increased levels of fatigue Decreased glucose metabolism Suppressed immune response

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Page 1: #6 Recvoery Presentation2/9/2016 1 Comprehensive Recovery Strategies No Pain No Gain? • Rest and recovery should be a planned part of program design. • Trainers must know the signs

2/9/2016

1

Comprehensive Recovery Strategies

No Pain No Gain?

• Rest and recovery should be a planned part of program design.

• Trainers must know the signs of overtraining or under‐recovery.

• Professional athletes even have an off season.

• Recovery is the missing piece to program design.

What is Recovery?

• Basic principle of training with two primary roles:

1. Monitor athlete’s/client’s adaptation to training and stress

2. Selection of specific recovery techniques to minimize fatigue from training.

Controlling Fatigue and Recovery

• The Autonomic Nervous System:

– Parasympathetic System

– Sympathetic Nervous System

• Improving performance is about balancing stress and recovery.

• Both are controlled by the ANS.

Stimulus & RecoveryTRAINING LOAD RECOVERY TIME

Acute Training Stress (standard fatigue)

< 24‐48 Hours

Unaccustomed Exercise (overstrain)

3‐5 Days

Training Overload (overload fatigue)

5‐7 Days with a reduction in training load

Excessive Training Load/Insufficient Recovery

2 Weeks with a reduction in training load

Short‐Term Overreaching> 1 Month with substantial reduction in training loadLong‐Term Overreaching

Sleep and ANS

• Sleep is the most important component in the recovery process.

• Sleep deprivation increases SNS activity.

• Leads to:– Delayed visual & auditory 

reaction time– Reduces endurance 

performance– Impairs motor function– Increased levels of fatigue– Decreased glucose metabolism– Suppressed immune response

Page 2: #6 Recvoery Presentation2/9/2016 1 Comprehensive Recovery Strategies No Pain No Gain? • Rest and recovery should be a planned part of program design. • Trainers must know the signs

2/9/2016

2

Sleep and Performance

• Need to make up sleep debt.

• Extended sleep time leads to:

– Faster Sprint Times

– Improved Reaction Time

– Reported Decrease of Fatigue

– Improved Mood

– Improved Vigor

How Much Sleep Is Enough?

• Unfortunately this will be different for everyone.

• Strive for 8 hours but some may need less while others more

• Napping can help sleep debt.

• Use simple strategies to improve sleep.

Tips For Improving Sleep

• Ask them the right questions.

• Avoid electronics (TV, phone, tablet…) right before bed.– F.lux

• Go to bed the same time everyday.

• Reduce caffeine

• Exercise earlier in the day

• Your bed is only for sleeping

• Carbs before bed

Nutrition & Recovery

• Start with proper fundamental, whole food nutrition.

• Post Workout Nutrition Strategies

• Anti Inflammatory Nutrition Strategies

Post Workout Nutrition

• Post workout nutrition goals:

– Reduce protein breakdown

– Increase protein synthesis

– Replenish glycogen stores.

Post Workout Guidelines

• Timing depends on preworkout meal.

• Endurance based exercise:

– 4:1 Carbs:Protein

• Resistance based exercise:

– 2:1 Carbs:Protein

Page 3: #6 Recvoery Presentation2/9/2016 1 Comprehensive Recovery Strategies No Pain No Gain? • Rest and recovery should be a planned part of program design. • Trainers must know the signs

2/9/2016

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Types of Carbohydrates

• Primary goals for recovery is increase insulin and glycogen recovery.

• High vs Low Glycemic Load

– Maltodextrin

• Fructose and Liver Glycogen

Types of Protein

• The role of protein post workout is mainly to increase muscle protein synthesis.

• Complete proteins must be consumed for synthesis to occur.– Animal based– Quinoa– Amaranth– Tofu

• Food Synergies– Combine legumes & whole 

grains– Combine legumes & nuts/seeds

More Food Synergies

• The power of synergy:– 1+1=4

• Whole food examples:– Potatoes

– Apples

• Food combinations:– Tomatoes & Broccoli

– Eggs & Carrots

– Green tea & Lemon

– Turmeric & Black Pepper

Don’t Forget Fats

• Omega 3’s– Controls Inflammation

– Tissue Remodeling

– Neuroprotective Effects

• Sources:– Fish and Fish Oils

– Flaxseeds and Oil

– Chia Seeds

– Wheat Germ

• Recommended 3g Daily– DHA + EPA

Anti Inflammatory Pyramid Types of Fatigue

• 4 Types of fatigue a client can experience:

1. Metabolic:

• Fuel stores

2. Neural:• Peripheral & Central

3. Psychological• Emotional & Social 

stress

4. Environmental• Climate & Travel

Page 4: #6 Recvoery Presentation2/9/2016 1 Comprehensive Recovery Strategies No Pain No Gain? • Rest and recovery should be a planned part of program design. • Trainers must know the signs

2/9/2016

4

Signs of FatigueTrainer/Coach’s Observation

Sign/Symptom of Non‐Adaptive Responses

Direct Communication Client says they have heavy legs, doesn’t feel good, tired, legs are sore…

Body Language Facial expressions, posture, signs of frustration.

Performance Poor skill execution, heavy legs, slow acceleration, slow decision making/response time.

Psychological Low concentration, low motivation, aggression, low self confidence

Gut Feeling/Other Poor eating habits/diets,  poor sleep patterns, external stresses

Calder 2003

Warning Signs of Under‐Recovery

• Educate clients to be aware of common signs they may not be recovering enough:

– Sudden drop in body weight > 3%

– Sudden increase in morning HR of > 6‐8 bpm

– Inability to respond to relaxation or meditation

– Sleep disturbances

– Low quality sleep for > 2 days

– Feeling constantly tired/sore

Monitoring Fatigue/Recovery

• Trainers & Coaches should be using tools to monitor the readiness state of clients.

• Questionnaires

• Technology

– Omega Wave

– HRV

– Other readiness tests

Heart Rate Variability

• Measure of the time interval between heart beats.– R – R Interval

• HRV can measure the balance between the PNS & SNS controlling the heart.

• Provides insight to stress levels and recovery– High HRV indicates 

increase parasympathetic activity 

Rusko Heart Rate Test

• Start by lying down relaxed until your HR is stabilized. (approx. 2 min)

• Stand and record HR 15s after standing.

• Then the average HR between 90‐120th

second.

Strategies for Improving Recovery

There are three main strategies to choose from to enhance recovery:

1. Nutrition For Recovery

2. Therapy Techniques

3. Psychological Skills

Page 5: #6 Recvoery Presentation2/9/2016 1 Comprehensive Recovery Strategies No Pain No Gain? • Rest and recovery should be a planned part of program design. • Trainers must know the signs

2/9/2016

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Hydrotherapy‐Warm Water

• Warm Water Immersion– 100.4‐104 degrees

– Helps expand blood vessels

– Warm shower 5‐10 minutes post workout increase lactate clearance & improve neural fatigue

– Vitasolo et. al.‐ water jet massage helped maintain leg explosiveness the following day.

• 12‐15 min 4‐5 days per week.

• Do not perform if second workout is planned for that day.

Hydrotherapy‐ Cold Water

• Cold Water Immersion– 50‐59 Degrees

– Increases vasoconstriction

– Improves nerve transmission 

– Limits metabolic by products and inflammation

• 10‐15 minutes after intense training

Contrast Therapy

• Alternating hot and cold therapy.

• The combination of vasodilation and vasoconstriction improves blood flow.– Increases lactate removal and muscle repair

– Increases Q without increasing HR.

– Stimulate CNS (arousal)

• For home use have a hot shower and cold tub immediately post workout.– Hot 1 min: Cold 30 sec 4‐5 times

Whole Body Cryotherapy

• Short exposure to ‐100‐140 degree air temperatures for 2‐5 minutes

• Potential benefits include:– Increase in antioxidants

– Decrease inflammation

– Increase in parasympathetic activity

• More research needed on this method

“Flush” Active Recovery

• Post workout active recovery stimulates:

– Flushing out of metabolic waste products

– Bringing new blood to the muscle to enhance repair

– Reduces DOMS

– May enhance performance

• Swimming, jogging, calisthenics, cross training…

Compression Garments

• Potential benefits when worn during and post workout.

– Improve blood flow clearing lactate

– Decrease in perceived soreness

• Mixed results in studies.

Page 6: #6 Recvoery Presentation2/9/2016 1 Comprehensive Recovery Strategies No Pain No Gain? • Rest and recovery should be a planned part of program design. • Trainers must know the signs

2/9/2016

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Massage

• 10‐15 min massage post workout may improve recovery and regeneration.

• Potential benefits include:– Enhance proprioception

– Increase mitochondrial production

– Reducing inflammatory markers

• Foam rolling may be more practical.

4‐7‐8 Breathing

• Those that are stressed chronically under‐breath.

• Relaxed breathing helps enhance PNS activity.

• May help improve sleep and enhance recovery.

• Place the tongue at the roof of the mouth.

• Breath in (nose) for 4 sec, hold for 7 sec, breath out (mouth) for 8 sec.

Earthing

• Staying connected/grounded to the earth

• Potential benefits include:– Reduced DOMS

– Positive protein balance after training

– Reduction in chronic inflammation

– Increase antioxidant affects.  

• Walk barefoot outside or use grounding tools

Cobblestone Mats

• Roots back to traditional Chinese medicine:– Reflexology

• Potential benefits include:– Better sleep– Improved proprioception– Increase sense of well being– Reduced blood pressure

• Studies used 30 min 3 days per week.

• Make a rock mat for the shower with uneven rocks to stand on.

Psychological Skills

• Debriefing– Evaluate performance and identify changes to be made.

• Contingency Planning– Help client/athlete plan when things go wrong.

• Mental Toughness Skills– Positive self talk

• Relaxation Techniques– Visualization and music

Using What Works

• There are hundreds of relaxation practices and techniques.

• Find what works for you to improve recovery from training.

– Floatation Spas

– Acupuncture

– Meditation

Page 7: #6 Recvoery Presentation2/9/2016 1 Comprehensive Recovery Strategies No Pain No Gain? • Rest and recovery should be a planned part of program design. • Trainers must know the signs

2/9/2016

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Be Proactive

• Stress the importance of periodization.

• Planned deload/recovery weeks.

• Does not mean no workouts.– Work on technique

– Work on posture improvement

– Focus on mobility

– Focus on areas of weakness

Educate Clients 

• Recovery techniques typically occur outside the gym.

• Give them tools to understand how to take care of themselves at home/work.

• Never underestimate the power of sleep, proper nutrition, and rest.