6139331 bluetooth technologies
TRANSCRIPT
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AN INTRODUCTION TO BLUETOOTH
TECHNOLOGY
Presented by - Thomas Samuel
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CONTENT
Overview of Bluetooth History
The Bluetooth Specifications
Typical Bluetooth Scenario
Working of Bluetooth System Requirements
Profiles
Comparison with other technologies Advantages & Disadvantages of
Bluetooth
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EXAMPLE : THE NETWORKED HOME
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WHAT IS BLUETOOTH?
“Bluetooth wireless technology is an open specification
for a low-cost, low-power, short-range radio technology
for ad-hoc wireless communication of voice and data
anywhere in the world.”
One of the first modules (Ericsson) A recent module
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ULTIMATE HEADSET
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CORDLESS COMPUTER
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BLUETOOTH GOALS & VISION
Originally conceived as a cable replacementtechnology
Short-Range Wireless Solutions
Open Specification
Voice and Data Capability
Worldwide Usability
Other usage models began to develop:
Personal Area Network (PAN)
Ad-hoc networks
Data/voice access points
Wireless telematics
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OVERVIEW OF BLUETOOTH HISTORY
What is Bluetooth? Bluetooth is a short-range wireless communications
technology.
Why this name?
It was taken from the 10th century Danish King Harald Blatandwho unified Denmark and Norway.
When does it appear?
1994 – Ericsson study on a wireless technology to link mobile
phones & accessories. 5 companies joined to form the Bluetooth Special Interest
Group (SIG) in 1998.
First specification released in July 1999.
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TIMELINE
1994 : Ericsson study complete / vision
1995 : Engineering work begins
1997 : Intel agrees to collaborate
1998 : Bluetooth SIG formed: Ericsson, Intel, IBM, Nokia &Toshiba
1999 : Bluetooth Specification 1.0A SIG promoter groupExpanded: 3Com, Lucent, Microsoft & Motorola.
2000 : Bluetooth Specification 1.0B, 2000+ adopters
2001 : First retail products released, Specification 1.1
2003 : Bluetooth Specification 1.2
2005 : Bluetooth Specification 2.0 (?)
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Piconet is the fundamental form of communication for Bluetooth Wireless
technology.
Master & Slaves.The master Bluetooth device can
communicate with upto 7 devices.
Data can be transferred b/w the master &one other device.
The master switches rapidly from device to
another in a round-robin fashion.
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M-master
S-Slave
P-ParkedSB-Standby
M M
S
SS
S
P
P
P
P
S
SB
All devices in a piconet use the same frequency-
hopping pattern
Piconet 1 Piconet 2
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Two or more Piconets can be
connected together to form a
Scatternet.
Some devices act as a bridge bysimultaneously playing the master role
& the slave role in one piconet.
All devices in a piconet use the samefrequency-hopping pattern
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HCI
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Bluetooth specification consists of aseries of layers, implemented in h/w& s/w:
Physical layer
Baseband
Link Manager Protocol(LMP)
Host controller
Logical Link Control and AdaptationProtocol (L2CAP).
Application Protocol
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A PC must have a bluetooth adapter to
communicate with bluetooth devices
Some contain an internal bluetooth adapter But most require an external USB bluetooth
Dongle.
Unlike IrDA, multiple Bluetooth devices cancommunicate with a computer over a single
dongle.
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The only versions of MS Windows tat havenative support for BT are Windows XPService Pack 2 and later
Previous versions require the users to installtheir BT adapter’s own drivers (not directlysupported by MS)
Mac OS X has supported BT since version
10.2 released in 2002.Linux provides 2 BT stacks with BlueZ stack,
Supporting all core BT protocols & layers
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LIST OF APPLICATIONS
Wireless control of communication b/w acell phone & a hands-free headset
Wireless n/wing b/w PCs in a confined
spaceTransfer of files b/w devices with OBEX
For controls where IR was traditionally used
7th generation game consoles-Nintendo Wii,Sony PlayStation3
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Bluetooth 1.0 and 1.0BDrawbacks:Difficulty in making it interoperable
Had mandatory h/w device addtransmission
Rendering anonymity impossible at
protocol level
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BLUETOOTH 1.1Many errors found in 1.0B were fixed
Added support for non-encrypted
channelsReceived Signal Strength Indicator
(RSSI)
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BLUETOOTH 1.2
Backward compatible with 1.1Faster connection and discovery
Improved resistance to Radio
Frequency interferenceHigher transmission speeds
Improved voice quality of audio links byallowing retransmission of corruptedpages
Host Controller Interface support.
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BLUETOOTH 2.0
Specified in November 2004Backward compatible with version 1.1
Introduction of Enhanced Data Rate (EDR) of
3.0 Mbits/s3 times faster transmission speed
Lower power conception thru a reduced duty
cycleMore available b/w
Further improved performance
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BLUETOOTH 2.1
Will be adopted by BT SIG onceinteroperability testing has completed
Extended inquiry response
Encryption Pause Resume
Secure Simple Pairing
NFC(Near Field Communication)Cooperation
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FILE TRANSFER PROFILE
•Profile provides:• Enhanced client-server interactions:
- browse, create, transfer folders
- browse, pull, push, delete files
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HEADSET PROFILE
• Profile provides:
• Both devices must provide capability to initiate connection &
accept/terminate calls.
• Volume can be controlled from either device.
• Audio gateway can notify headset of an incoming call.
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CORE BLUETOOTH PRODUCTS
• Notebook PCs & Desktopcomputers
• Printers
• PDAs
• Other handheld devices• Cell phones
• Wireless peripherals:
• Headsets
• Cameras
• CD Player
• TV/VCR/DVD
• Access Points
•
Telephone AnsweringDevices
• Cordless Phones
• Cars
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OTHER PRODUCTS…
2004 Toyota Prius & Lexus LS 430 hands free calls
Digital Pulse Oximetry System
Toshiba Washer & Dryer
Nokia N-gage
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A COMPARISON
WLAN
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BLUETOOTH VS. IRD
Bluetooth
Point to Multipoint
Data & Voice
Easier Synchronization dueto Omni-directional and no
LOS requirement
Devices can be mobile
Range 10 m
•IrD
— Point to point
— Intended for Data Communication
— Infrared, LOS communication
— Can not penetrate solid objects
— Both devices must be stationary, for
synchronization
— Range 1 m
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ADVANTAGES
Cost Effectiveness: This is cost effective since the cost
of connectivity and their recurring costs are notinvolved.
It is very standardized which guarantees a high level of inter operate ability .
It operates on bi-directional mode
Voice and data coexists in this technology. Interaction of locally connected so many peripherals are
there which is called peer to peer or ad-hoc network.
There is an acknowledgement system guaranteed for data transmission.
It has a very strong frequency hopping technology andhas a reliable error correcting codes compared to433MHz, or even Wi-Fi type systems.
Energy consumed in this technology is very low.
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LIMITATIONS
Short Range operations: This technology is useful in
only short range of operations. That means the devices
exchanging information have to be carried along if
moving with a laptop to somewhere outside the range.
Hence it can be said that this system is unable to copewith mobility.
Bluetooth standards does not address routing in
piconets and scatternets .
Multi-hop multicasting is absent in this technology.
Bluetooth is not fully developed and integrated into all
the products involved
we have to still wait for it to get fully evolved.