7 8 str of atoms 8 periodic table que

8/19/2019 7 8 Str of Atoms 8 Periodic Table Que

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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS | MethodistHigh Schoo

C!"#$idge Chec%&oi't SCIENCE (Che"ist$)* | +!ge 1 o, 9

BOOK 3

CHAPTER 7 : Structure of Atoms

CHAPTER 8 : Periodic Tabe

Q.1(a) The diagram below shows part of the periodictable of elements.

The shaded area contains only metal elements.Two other areas also contain only metal

elements.

Which areas contain only metal elements?

Tick the two correct boxes.

(b) Copper is a metal. t room temperat!re copper is a strong solid. "i#e two other properties of

copper that show it is a metal.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(c) When copper metal is heated it reacts with a gas in air. What is the chemical name of the

prod!ct formed when copper reacts with a gas in air?

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(d) Which statement below describes what happens in a chemical change b!t not in a physicalchange? Tick the correct box.

Q.%(a) &ere are the form!lae of three compo!nds containing sodi!m. "i#e the name of each

compo!nd.(i) 'aCl $$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(ii) 'a%* $$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(iii) 'a&C+$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(b)(i) Which compo!nd is made !p of the most atoms? $$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(ii) &ow many atoms does it contain? $$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(c)(i) Which compo!nd has the most different types of atoms? $$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(ii) ,ist the types of atom in this compo!nd. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Q.+(a) The diagram below shows an atom of magnesi!m.

(i) What is the name of part ?

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(ii) What two types of particle does part contain?

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$(iii) What is the charge on part ?

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(b)(i) &ow many electrons are in one atom of magnesi!m?

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(ii) Write the electron arrangement for an atom of magnesi!m.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(c) -se the diagram and yo!r answer to part (b) to answer the following !estions.

(i) /n what gro!p of the 0eriodic Table is magnesi!m? xplain yo!r answer.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(ii) /n what period of the 0eriodic Table is magnesi!m? xplain yo!r answer.ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

!A"E:

C#ASS:


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C!"#$idge Chec%&oi't SCIENCE (Che"ist$)* | +!ge $ o, 9

Q.* The diagrams below show the str!ct!res of ethanol2 mica and diamond.

(a) &ow many bonds does each carbon ha#e in3

(i) ethanol?

(ii) diamond?(b) &ow many bonds does each hydrogen ha#e in ethanol?

(c)(i) &ow many bonds does each silicon ha#e in mica?

(ii) &ow many bonds does each oxygen ha#e in mica?(d)(i) Which of the elements2 carbon2 hydrogen2 oxygen and silicon wo!ld yo! expect to find in the

same gro!p of the 0eriod Table?

(ii) xplain yo!r answer.

Q.4(a) xygen and s!lph!r are in the same gro!p of the periodic table.Complete the table below to show the arrangement of electrons in oxygen and s!lph!r atoms.

(b) (i) 5raw a diagram of an oxygen atom.

(ii) -se yo!r diagram to describe two ways in which oxygen can achie#e a f!ll o!tside shell of electrons.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(c) ome of the oxygen in the atmosphere is in the form of o6one2 +. cientists belie#e that

chlorine radicals are destroying o6one.(i) What is the difference between a chlorine radical and a chlorine molec!le?

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(ii) What s!bstances are tho!ght to be main so!rces of chlorine radicals in the atmosphere?

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Q.7 (a) There are ele#en electrons in a sodi!m atom. The amo!nts of energy re!ired to remo#eeach one ha#e been meas!red and the res!lts shown on a sketch graph.


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(i) Why is the first electron in sodi!m the easiest to remo#e?

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(ii) Why do the energies for electrons % to 8 go !p by relati#ely small amo!nts?ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(iii) Why are the last two energies #ery high?

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(b) 5raw a sketch graph to show the energies needed to remo#e the first fo!r electrons inal!mini!m. xplain yo!r answer.

ns

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Q.9(a)(i) xplain what is meant by the n!mbers in the symbol *:Ca .

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(ii) -se the n!mbers to state the n!mber of protons2 ne!trons and electrons fo!nd in *:Ca

protons ne!trons electrons.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$(b) Complete the table below to show the n!mbers of protons2 ne!trons and electrons fo!nd in the

ions shown.

ion protons ne!trons electrons

Q.; 'eon has two main isotopes2

(a) 5raw diagrams of the atoms of each of the neon isotopes.

(b) 'eon gas is made !p of 8:< of neon=%: and 1:< of neon=%%. Calc!late the exact relati#eatomic mass of neon.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(c) &ow do the chemical properties of each isotope of neon compare with each other? xplainyo!r answer.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

-.

-.


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C!"#$idge Chec%&oi't SCIENCE (Che"ist$)* | +!ge % o, 9

Q.; The diagram below shows the electronic arrangement of an !nknown s!bstance.

(a) (i) &ow many protons wo!ld there be if the !nknown s!bstance was a

ne!tral atom? $$$$$$$$$$$

(ii) What wo!ld the diagram represent if it was a ne!tral atom?.............(b)(i) &ow many protons wo!ld there be if the s!bstance was a %> ion?.......

(ii) What wo!ld the diagram represent if it was a %> ion? $$$$..

(c)(i) /n what gro!p of the periodic table wo!ld the !nknown s!bstance be if

the represented a 1> ion? $$$$..

(ii) &ow many ne!trons wo!ld the 1> ion ha#e if its relati#e atomic mass was +8? $$$$..

(d)(i) /n what gro!p of periodic table wo!ld the !nknown s!bstance be if it represented a 1= ion?......

(ii) What wo!ld the relati#e atomic mass of the 1= ion be if it had %: ne!trons? $$$$..

Q.8 n !nknown element is fo!nd to exist as the following two isotopes3

(a) Complete the following table3

(b) 5escribe what is meant by the term isotopes@.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(c) /n experiments2 both isotopes were fo!nd to show the same chemical beha#io!r. -se theinformation in the table to explain why the chemical beha#io!r of both isotopes is the same.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(d) nat!rally occ!rring sample was fo!nd to contain %4< of A=%* and 94< of A=%;.Calc!late the relati#e atomic mass of the element A.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(e) -se yo!r periodic table to identify A$$$$$$$$.

Q.1: The diagrams below represent the electronic arrangement of different atoms and ions.(a) Which letter represents an atom of a

"ro!p / metal?(b) Which letter represents an atom of a

"ro!p B// non=metal?

(c) Which letter represents an atom of a

noble or inert gas?(d) Which letter represents an atom which

is not in the second period of the0eriodic Table?

(e) Which letter represents an ion of a

"ro!p / metal?(f) Which two letters represent atoms

which form an ionic compo!nd

with a form!la similar to 'a%?(g) Which two letters represent atoms which form a molec!le with a form!la similar to iCl*?

Q.11(a) -se the 0eriodic Table to write down the electronic arrangement of3

(i) calci!m 3 $$$$$$$$$$$$$.

(ii) chlorine 3 $$$$$$$$$$$$$.

(b) /f calci!m is heated and p!t into a gas ar of chlorine a #iolent reaction takes place and solid

calci!m chloride is formed. The reaction proceeds d!e to the transfer of electrons.


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C!"#$idge Chec%&oi't SCIENCE (Che"ist$)* | +!ge & o, 9

(i) -se the electron arrangements and the idea of electron transfer to explain how the reaction

between atoms of calci!m and chlorine takes place. (Do! may incl!de a diagram in yo!r

answer)ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(ii) Write down the form!lae of the ions that calci!m and chlorine form d!ring the reaction.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(iii) Write down the form!la of calci!m chloride. $$$$$$$$.(c) Calci!m chloride is a solid at room temperat!re and has a high melting point. xplain why calci!m

chloride has a high melting point.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Q.1% Carbon is known to exist as two different allotropes. The allotropes are known as diamond andgraphite. Eoth diamond and graphite consist of carbon atoms bonded together in three=

dimensional str!ct!res.

(a)(i) 5iamond is one of the hardest s!bstances known to man and is !sed on the edges of glass

c!tting tools. xplain why the str!ct!re of diamond makes it so hard.ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(ii) "raphite is soft and slippery and is !sed to l!bricate s!rfaces. xplain why the str!ct!re of

graphite makes it soft and slippery.ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(b) 5iamond is an electrical ins!lator2 b!t graphite cond!cts electricity. xplain why graphite

cond!cts electricity.ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Q.1+ Bario!s parts of the helicopter below are made o!t of metal2 beca!se metals are strong andmalleable.

(a) 5escribe2 with the aid of a diagram2 the metallic bonding present in metals.

(b) -se yo!r knowledge of the str!ct!re of metals to explain why3

(i) they are strong $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$


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C!"#$idge Chec%&oi't SCIENCE (Che"ist$)* | +!ge ' o, 9

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(ii) they are malleable $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(c) s the blades of the helicopter rotate2 heat prod!ced in the oints is cond!cted away along the

blades. xplain how metals cond!ct heat.ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(d) The properties of some of the metals !sed in the helicopter ha#e been altered by mixing them

with other metals. What name is gi#en to this type of mixt!re?ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Q.1* odi!m chloride is often called common salt. /t can be made by reacting a small piece of hot

sodi!m with chlorine gas.(a) Write the electronic arrangement for an atom of3

(i) sodi!m $$$$$$$$$

(ii) chlorine $$$$$$$$$

(b) Write down the form!lae of the ions formed by3

(i) sodi!m $$$$$$$$$

(ii) chlorine $$$$$$$$$

(c) Write down the form!la of sodi!m chloride. $$$$$$$$$

(d) olid sodi!m chloride will not cond!ct electricity2 b!t when dissol#ed in water it will.

(i) xplain why an a!eo!s sol!tion of sodi!m chloride cond!cts electricity.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$(ii) /n what other way co!ld yo! alter the state of sodi!m chloride so that it will cond!ct electricity?

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(e) hot piece of sodi!m was placed in a ar of heli!m. 'o reaction took place.

(i) Write the name of the gro!p of the periodic table to which heli!m belongs. $$$$$$

(ii) xplain why heli!m is !nreacti#e. $$$$$$$$$

Q.18 &ere are the form!lae of three compo!nds containing sodi!m.(i) 'aCl (ii) 'a%* (iii) 'a&C+

(a) "i#e the name of each compo!nd.

(i)'aCl$$$$$$$$$$$.

(ii)'a%*$$$$$$$$$$$.

(iii)'a&C+$$$$$$$$$$$.

(b)(i) Which compo!nd is made !p of the most atoms? $$$$$$$$$$$.

(ii) &ow many atoms does it contain? $$$$$$$$$$$.

(c)(i) Which compo!nd has the most different types of atoms? $$$$$$$$$$$.

(ii) ,ist the types of atom in this compo!nd. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$.

Q.18 Complete the following paragraphs abo!t atoms.

toms are the $$$$$$$. particles of matter that can exist on their own. They are made

!p of particles called protons2 $$$$$$$. and electrons. 0rotons ha#e a

$$$$$$$. charge and electrons ha#e a $$$$$$$. charge. The protons arefo!nd in the $$$$$$$. of the atom. /n a ne!tral atom2 the n!mber of protons m!st

$$$$$$$. the n!mber of electrons. /f they do not2 the particle will be called an

$$$$$$$. The n!mber of protons in an atom is called its $$$$$$$. The total

n!mber of particles in the n!cle!s gi#es the $$$$$$$. $$$of the element. The

atoms of different elements are $$$$$$$. They m!st contain different n!mbers of

$$$$$$$. nd $$$$$$$. 2 altho!gh they may ha#e the same n!mber of

$$$$$$$.

Q.%: The boxes represent particles of different gases. ne box shows the particles of elements in

gro!p : (gro!p ;).


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(a) (i) What name is gi#en to gro!p : (;) elements?..............................................................................

(ii) 'ame two elements from gro!p :. ..............................................................................

(b)(i) Which box best represents particles from gro!p : elements? $$$$$$$$$$..

(ii) xplain the reason for yo!r answer.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(c) lighted splint is p!t into a gas ar of heli!m. What wo!ld happen?

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(d) ome properties of elements change as yo! go down their gro!p in the periodic table. For each

property listed below2 comment on if and how it changes as yo! go down gro!p :.

(i) reacti#ity $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(ii) density $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(iii) metal or non=metal $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(e) Which wo!ld be the best method to disting!ish between different samples of gro!p : gases?

Choose from the list below3

(i) shake the sample with water and add an indicator

(ii) do a flame test

(iii) p!t a lighted splint into a sample of each gas

(i#) meas!re the dens

ity of each

Q.%1 ,ithi!m (,i) can be b!rnt in chlorine (C1%) to gi#e lithi!m chloride.(a)(i) Write a word e!ation for the reaction.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$.(ii) Write a balanced symbol e!ation for the reaction.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$.(b)(i) Which gro!p in the periodic table does lithi!m belong to? $$$$$$$$$.

(ii) &ow many electrons are there in its o!tside shell? $$$$$$$$$$$$......

(iii) &ow many electrons are there in the o!tside shell of the chlorine? $$$$$$$$$$$

(c) -se a dot and cross@ diagram to explain how lithi!m and chlorine react together. how only

the electrons in the o!ter shell.

(d) odi!m also reacts with chlorine.

(i) Will the reaction be more reacti#e or less reacti#e than with lithi!m? $$$$$$$$$...

(ii) What is the common name of the prod!ct? $$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Q.%% arah is di#ing into a swimming pool. he can smell chlorine.(a)(i) xplain why there is chlorine in the swimming pool.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$..(ii) /odine is the same gro!p of the periodic table as chlorine. "i#e a !se

of iodine.ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$..

(b)(i) Chlorine and iodine are in gro!p 9 of the periodic table. What name

is gi#en to gro!p 9 elements? $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$..

(ii) /s chlorine a metal or non=metal? $$$$$$$$$$.

(iii) /s iodine a metal or non=metal? $$$$$$$$$$.

(c)(i) The atomic n!mber of chlorine is 19. What does this tell yo!?

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(ii) The electron arrangement of chlorine is %.;.9. &ow many electron shells does it ha#e? $$$.

(iii) /odine has fi#e electron shells. &ow many electrons are in the o!ter shell of iodine? $$$$


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(i#) The symbol for chlorine is C12 iodine is / and sodi!m 'a. Chlorine combines with sodi!m to

make sodi!m chloride2 'aC1. /odine also reacts with sodi!m. What will be the name and

form!la of the compo!nd formed? $$$$$$$$$$$$$

Q.%% mma takes a photograph of a friend. &er friend tells her that the film is coatedwith sil#er bromide which is sensiti#e to light. il#er bromide can be made byreacting sil#er nitrate with sodi!m bromide. The chemical reaction can be

represented as3

(a)(i) What happens to sil#er bromide in the light? $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$.

(ii) "i#e another reaction which is affected by light energy. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(b)(i) What type of particle is Er= ? $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$.

(ii) /s sil#er bromide sol!ble in water? $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(c)(i) !ggest what wo!ld happen if a sample of sil#er iodide were left in the light$$$$$$$

(ii) il#er iodide can be made in a similar way to sil#er bromide. Write an ionic e!ation to show

this reaction. /ncl!de the state symbols.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Q.%+ The table below shows the elements on the third period. ample of each of the elements were

b!rnt in oxygen and the oxides formed were tested to see whether they were acids or bases.

(a)(i) &ow many electron shells does the third period ha#e? $$$$$$$.

(ii) The element with atomic n!mber 1: is neon. xplain in terms of electron arrangement why a

new period starts after neon.ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(b)(i) Which three elements in the third period are metals? $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$.

(ii) What trend do yo! notice abo!t metallic properties as yo! go across the period?

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(c)(i) xygen is in gro!p 7. What does this tell yo! abo!t n!mber of electrons in the o!tside shell?... (ii) Write down form!lae for the oxides of sodi!m2 magnesi!m and al!mini!m.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Q.%* Farah has balloons filled with three different gases. The symbols for the gases are written on

each balloon. he lets go of the balloons. The diagram shows what happens.

(a) To which gro!p of the periodic table do the gases

belong? $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$...

$$$$

(b)(i) 0redict what wo!ld happen to a balloon filled with

krypton. $$$$$$$$...$$$$$$...

$$$$

$$$$$$$$...$$$$$$...$$$$$$$..

(ii) xplain the reasons for yo!r answer.$$$$$$$$...$$$$$$...$$$$$$$..

$$$$$$$$...$$$$$$...$$$$$$$..

$$$$$$$$...$$$$$$...$$$$$$$..

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$...$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$...$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(c)(i) 5raw the electron str!ct!re of heli!m.


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(ii) xplain how the electron str!ct!re is related to the chemical properties of heli!m.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(d)(i) &eli!m is often !sed to fill balloons. "i#e two reasons why this is a good choice.

ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(ii) 'eon2 argon and krypton are !sed to fill light b!lbs. "i#e a reason for this.ns $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

7 8 str of atoms 8 periodic table que

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