7- ancient india

8/12/2019 7- Ancient India

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It is a multi-

lingual inscription

located on Mount

Behistun inthe Kermanshah

Province of Iran. Some

of the inscriptions

begin with a briefautobiography of

Darius including his

ancestry and lineage.


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The Rosetta Stone is a stonewith writing on it in two languages(Egyptian and Greek), using 3

scripts (hieroglyphic, demotic andGreek) because there were 3 scriptsbeing used in Egypt.t was ! ean"#ran$ois %hampollion

who deciphered hieroglyphs in &'.t lists all o* the things that thepharaoh has done that are good *or

the priests and the people o* Egypt


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!est

Southwest"ast


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India#s climate is

dominated by

monsoons seasonal

winds that bringtorrential rainfall during

the summer.


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+ t was a ron-e ge ci/ili-ation (33001&300 %E2 matureperiod 001&400 %E) located in the western region o*South sia, and spread o/er what are now 5akistan, ndia,

*ghanistan and ran.

+ t was belie/ed that they were part o* a uni*iedgo/ernment with e6treme organi-ation.

+ oth cities were constructed o* the same type and shape o*bricks. They may ha/e e6isted simultaneously and theirsi-es suggest that they ser/ed as capitals o* their pro/inces.


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+ 7ra/idians were the originalinhabitants o* ndia

+ 5hysical #eatures8" 7ark skinned" Thick lips

" Thinner nose" 9edium height" %urly hair


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The :arappa ci/ili-atione6isted along the ndus Ri/er inpresent day 5akistan. t was named

a*ter the city o* :arappa which itwas centered around. t is belie/ed toha/e had as many as 3,;00 residents" considered large *or its time. Theancient city o* :arappa was greatly

destroyed under the ritish Ra


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t was built around 00 %and one o* the largest settlements o*

the ancient ndus =alley%i/ili-ation, and one o* the world>searliest ma


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The ?Great ath@ iswithout doubt the earliestpublic water tank in theancient world. 9ost scholarsagree that this tank wouldha/e been used *or special

religious *unctions wherewater was used to puri*y andrenew the well being o* thebathers


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+ t was assumed that a priest"kingheaded the go/ernment. They ha/econsiderable power because thego/ernment e6ercised strict control.

+ 5owers o* the 5riest"Aing

" %ontrolled the constructiono* new buildings" Established standards o*

weights and measures


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Some scholars belie/e that the:arappan people worshipped a?9other goddessB symboli-ing

*ertility, a common practiceamong rural :indus e/en today.


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+ Seals such as these were used bymerchants in the :arappan ci/ili-ation.9any e6perts belie/e that they signi*ied

name.

+ The :arappan ci/ili-ation wasmainly urban and mercantile.nhabitants o* the ndus /alley traded

with 9esopotamia, southern ndia,*ghanistan, and 5ersia *or gold,sil/er, copper, and turCuoise


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The rahmin castewas the most important

caste. This caste consistedo* scholars and priests. n

the past this caste has helda lot o* control in lawmaking and the socialstructure.


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This caste is thesecond most important.

This caste is made up o*rulers and worriers.They ha/e always held alot o* power in ndia.


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The =aisyas is the

third caste le/el *romthe top. This caste wasused to describe the

merchants, *armers,and cra*tspeople.


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The Sudras were in the lowest caste andThe Sudras were in the lowest caste and

were considered non"ryan.were considered non"ryan.


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+ They were the outcastes, or peoplebeyond the caste system.

+ Their


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9any belie/e that thedecline o* the :arappanci/ili-ation was a result o* ryanin/asions *rom the north. This

theory seems logical because theryans came to power in the

Ganges =alley shortly a*ter thendus demise o* the ndus =alley%i/ili-ation.


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t was belie/es that an

en/ironmental disaster ledto the ci/ili-ation>s end.They argue that changingri/er patterns disrupted the

*arming and trading systemsand e/entually led toirreparable *looding.


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+ Standardi-ed weights and measures

+ Standardi-ed brick si-e

+ 5lanned city construction

+ 5ublic buildings (baths)

+ asic sanitation (sewers)

+ %aste System

7- ancient india

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