7 major principles under idea national association of special education teachers

7 Major 7 Major Principles Principles

Under IDEAUnder IDEANATIONAL ASSOCIATION NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SPECIAL EDUCATION OF SPECIAL EDUCATION

TEACHERSTEACHERS

OUTLINE OF THE 7 MAJOR OUTLINE OF THE 7 MAJOR PRINCIPLES OF IDEAPRINCIPLES OF IDEA

1. Informed Consent1. Informed Consent 2. Zero Reject 2. Zero Reject 3. Free and Appropriate Public 3. Free and Appropriate Public

School School Education-FAPE Education-FAPE 4. Nondiscriminatory Evaluation4. Nondiscriminatory Evaluation 5. LRE-Least Restrictive Environment5. LRE-Least Restrictive Environment 6. Individualized Education Program 6. Individualized Education Program (IEP) (IEP) 7. Due Process Safeguards7. Due Process Safeguards

Informed ConsentInformed Consent

Before any evaluations, Before any evaluations, testing, and placement can testing, and placement can be done, there must be be done, there must be parental informed consent. parental informed consent.

Informed consent is defined Informed consent is defined as the following:as the following:


1. The parent has been fully 1. The parent has been fully informed of all information informed of all information relevant to the activity for which relevant to the activity for which consent is sought, in his or her consent is sought, in his or her native language, or other mode native language, or other mode of communication.of communication.


2. The parent understands and 2. The parent understands and agrees in writing to the carrying out agrees in writing to the carrying out of the activity for which his or her of the activity for which his or her consent is sought, and the consent consent is sought, and the consent describes that activity and lists the describes that activity and lists the records (if any) which will be released records (if any) which will be released and to whom.and to whom.

3. The parent understands that the 3. The parent understands that the gaining of consent is voluntary and gaining of consent is voluntary and may be revoked at any timemay be revoked at any time

Zero RejectZero Reject

All students have the right to a public All students have the right to a public school education and can not be school education and can not be excluded because of a disability. excluded because of a disability.

Before IDEA, school officials who felt Before IDEA, school officials who felt that they were not equipped to that they were not equipped to address the special needs of address the special needs of particular students would not accept particular students would not accept such students into their schools.such students into their schools.

Free Appropriate Free Appropriate Public School EducationPublic School Education

All students have the right to All students have the right to a public school education at a public school education at no cost to the parents no cost to the parents regardless of the extent of regardless of the extent of the disability. the disability.

““FreeFree” is easy to understand” is easy to understand But what is “But what is “AppropriateAppropriate”?”?

Non-Discriminatory Non-Discriminatory EvaluationsEvaluations

The evaluation for a The evaluation for a suspected disability for suspected disability for a suspected disability a suspected disability must be non-must be non-discriminatorydiscriminatory

IDEA and EvaluationsIDEA and Evaluations

Under IDEA, 5 criteria Under IDEA, 5 criteria must be met in order for must be met in order for an evaluation for a an evaluation for a suspected disability to be suspected disability to be considered a non considered a non discriminatory evaluationdiscriminatory evaluation

1. Multidisciplinary 1. Multidisciplinary Team.Team.

When considering When considering eligibility for special eligibility for special education, the evaluation education, the evaluation must be done by a multi-must be done by a multi-disciplinary teamdisciplinary team..

2. Racial and Culturally 2. Racial and Culturally Discriminatory IssuesDiscriminatory Issues

All testing materials and All testing materials and procedures used for the procedures used for the purposes of evaluation and purposes of evaluation and placement of children with placement of children with disabilities must be selected and disabilities must be selected and administered so as not to be administered so as not to be racially or culturally racially or culturally discriminatory. discriminatory.

3. 3. ValidityValidity

All tests and other evaluation All tests and other evaluation materials have been validated materials have been validated for the specific purpose for for the specific purpose for which they are used.which they are used.

Validity-Does the test measure Validity-Does the test measure what it is supposed to measurewhat it is supposed to measure

Reliability-Consistency of resultsReliability-Consistency of results

4. Administration by 4. Administration by Trained PersonnelTrained Personnel

Tests and other evaluation Tests and other evaluation materials must be administered materials must be administered by trained personnel in by trained personnel in conformance with the conformance with the instructions provided by their instructions provided by their producer.producer.

5.5. More than One Criterion More than One Criterion Must be UsedMust be Used

No single procedure can be used No single procedure can be used as the sole criterion for as the sole criterion for determining an appropriate determining an appropriate educational program for a child educational program for a child

6. Native Language6. Native Language

Tests must be given and reports Tests must be given and reports must be written in the native must be written in the native language: language:

When doing assessment, all When doing assessment, all tests must be given in the child’s tests must be given in the child’s native language and all reports native language and all reports must be written in the parent’s must be written in the parent’s native language. native language.

The Fifth Major Principle The Fifth Major Principle Under IDEA: Under IDEA:

Least Restrictive EnvironmentLeast Restrictive EnvironmentRule: All students in special Rule: All students in special education must be placed in the education must be placed in the least restrictive environment: least restrictive environment:

Students with disabilities need Students with disabilities need to placed in the environment to placed in the environment that is most suited for their that is most suited for their educational needs, or as it was educational needs, or as it was termed: The Least Restrictive termed: The Least Restrictive one. one.

Definition of LREDefinition of LRE

LRE-The provision in IDEA that LRE-The provision in IDEA that states that students with states that students with disabilities are to be educated disabilities are to be educated with their non-disabled peers to with their non-disabled peers to the maximum extent the maximum extent appropriate.appropriate.

InclusionInclusion

Full Inclusion-An interpretation of the Full Inclusion-An interpretation of the principle of the LRE advocating that principle of the LRE advocating that ALL pupils with disabilities are to be ALL pupils with disabilities are to be educated in the general education educated in the general education classroom. It involves the delivery of classroom. It involves the delivery of appropriate specialized services to appropriate specialized services to students with disabilities in a general students with disabilities in a general education classroomeducation classroom

Continuum of Continuum of Placements under LREPlacements under LRE

Under IDEA, a Under IDEA, a continuum of continuum of placements, placements, ranging from the ranging from the general general classroom to classroom to homebound and homebound and hospital hospital programs, needs programs, needs to be developed to be developed by schools.by schools.

Regular ClassroomRegular Classroom

Resource Room Resource Room

Separate Class Separate Class

Separate School Separate School

Residential Facility Residential Facility

Home/HospitalHome/Hospital

Resource RoomResource Room

Resource Room-Resource Room- An educational An educational placement option for students placement option for students with disabilities, involving with disabilities, involving specialized instruction for a specialized instruction for a specified time period during the specified time period during the day to address the student’s day to address the student’s needs. Most of the student’s needs. Most of the student’s day, however, is spent in the day, however, is spent in the general education classroom.general education classroom.

Special Education Special Education ClassroomClassroom

Special Education Classroom-ASpecial Education Classroom-A classroom setting under the classroom setting under the supervision of a qualified special supervision of a qualified special educator that provides specially educator that provides specially designed instruction to meet the designed instruction to meet the needs of a student with a needs of a student with a disability. disability.

Special Education Special Education ClassroomClassroom

Also known as a self-contained Also known as a self-contained classroom. classroom.

**Self-Contained refers to a type **Self-Contained refers to a type of classroomof classroom

_____ :______: __________ :______: _____ 8:1:2 means 8 students, 1 8:1:2 means 8 students, 1

teacher, and 2 aides.teacher, and 2 aides.

Special SchoolsSpecial Schools

Special Schools-A general term Special Schools-A general term applied to a separate educational applied to a separate educational placement for students with placement for students with disabilities outside of a general disabilities outside of a general education school.education school.

96% of students with disabilities 96% of students with disabilities between the ages of 6 to 21 receive between the ages of 6 to 21 receive their education in a general education their education in a general education school building.school building.

The Sixth Major Principle Under The Sixth Major Principle Under IDEA: IDEA:

Individualized Education ProgramsIndividualized Education Programs All students in special All students in special

education must have an education must have an **individualized education **individualized education program (IEP) program (IEP)

**If a student is determined to **If a student is determined to be eligible for special education be eligible for special education an IEP will be developedan IEP will be developed

IEPIEP

All students in special education are All students in special education are required to have an individualized required to have an individualized education program designed to meet education program designed to meet their needs. their needs.

The IEP includes both short-term and The IEP includes both short-term and long-term goals, along with how and long-term goals, along with how and where services will be provided.where services will be provided.

**The IEP MUST be written by a TEAM**The IEP MUST be written by a TEAM

Components of an IEPComponents of an IEP

1. The child’s Present levels of 1. The child’s Present levels of educational performanceeducational performance

2. Measurable annual goals-including 2. Measurable annual goals-including benchmarks (short-term objectives)benchmarks (short-term objectives)

3. An explanation of the extent, if 3. An explanation of the extent, if any, to which the child will NOT any, to which the child will NOT participate with non-disabled childrenparticipate with non-disabled children


4. 4. Related Services-Related Services- Services Services necessary to ensure that students necessary to ensure that students with disabilities benefit from their with disabilities benefit from their educational experience. Related educational experience. Related services include:services include:

Speech pathology, psychological Speech pathology, psychological services, counseling, physical and services, counseling, physical and occupational therapy, special occupational therapy, special transportation, to name a fewtransportation, to name a few


5. The projected date of the 5. The projected date of the beginning of related services, beginning of related services, and the frequency, location, and and the frequency, location, and duration of the related servicesduration of the related services

6. Any modifications in the 6. Any modifications in the administration of state or administration of state or district wide testingdistrict wide testing


7. How the child’s progress towards 7. How the child’s progress towards the annual goals will be measured the annual goals will be measured and how the parents will be regularly and how the parents will be regularly informed of their child’s progressinformed of their child’s progress

8. Beginning at age 16, a statement 8. Beginning at age 16, a statement of needed transition servicesof needed transition services

Transition services-Transition services- Services that Services that assist the adolescent with a disability assist the adolescent with a disability to successfully move from school to to successfully move from school to post-school activitiespost-school activities

The Seventh Major Principle The Seventh Major Principle Under IDEA Due ProcessUnder IDEA Due Process

Parents are entitled to due process: Parents are entitled to due process: All students and their parents are All students and their parents are afforded due process. afforded due process.

This means that if a conflict or This means that if a conflict or disagreement ensues concerning a disagreement ensues concerning a student’s eligibility for special student’s eligibility for special education placement or services, no education placement or services, no changes can be made until the issue changes can be made until the issue has been settled by mediation or an has been settled by mediation or an impartial hearing. impartial hearing.

Mediation & D/P HearingMediation & D/P Hearing

Try Mediation firstTry Mediation first MediationMediation- A discussion between - A discussion between

families and school districts over a families and school districts over a point of disagreement for the point of disagreement for the purposes of resolving the purposes of resolving the disagreement before a due process disagreement before a due process hearing is held.hearing is held.

Mediation and Mediation and Due ProcessDue Process

IDEA does not require mediation, and IDEA does not require mediation, and mediation may not be used to deny or mediation may not be used to deny or delay the right to a due process delay the right to a due process hearinghearing

A due process hearing is an A due process hearing is an administrative hearing (similar to a administrative hearing (similar to a mini trial) conducted before a person mini trial) conducted before a person charge with making an objective charge with making an objective decision-The dues process hearing decision-The dues process hearing officerofficer

7 major principles under idea national association of special education teachers

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