Form : 0.300 DEPARTMEN r Oi- 1NTLZlOR (Kow. N A T t O N A L P A S K

(Typc entries - c o m p l e : ~ applioah le scct:'an.s) &

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1 5OLhidcbers Drive C L T Y O l i TOWN: C O N G R E S S i O K A L D I S T R I C T . 1

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n Oastr i r t 9 Burlding !a ! P u b t ~ c A c q u i s i ~ i o o : IF+ 7 a n In Process ]a R e s i r i c t o d 0 Structure Prlvato

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i a Unrar tt,icted 0 Proscrvut ion work1

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I S T R C E T N U M U ~ R . en F i=.

! Carl ton Xelchers 5 F. ! C ~ T Y S T A T E : 1 ? O ~ F 193

Im P ! t a£ ford Horrse-.-- - ! - .. - - I F z :

5 T R E E Y A N D

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t a f 1 Vir~inia , . ? r ? p ~ c k y ? ~ k l g ~ IN EXIST& S U ~ V E Y S * &-- - --- -,,.,,,. 5> ,, ,..

{ T I T L L O F S U R V C Y :

I B u i l d i n g s Suwey , D A T E O F ~ U R V I Z Y : 1958 FeZcrol ~ t ~ t . 0 County Local

, Q E P O S I T O R V S U R V C Y

C I T Y 1 5 7 ~ : ~ : P O E

D. C. C

I I.

UNITED STATES THE 6-72) SERVICE

REGISTER O F P L A C E S S I N V E N T O R Y - N O M I N A T I O N , FOR NPS USE

all I . . , .

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S T R E E T N U M B E R : I

. S E N.

Agr icu l tura l Government Pork Comments

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Occupied Y e s :

Site

Indust r ia l hor (Specify)

Educet ionoi

Both BeingO b j e c t

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CATEGORY OWNERSHI? STATUS

OF PROPERTY' .,

I I .

A N D I

501 Drive . O R TOWN:

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S County Court I NUMBER: I

O R T O W N : S T A T E

f o r d .

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H i s t o r i c American Inventory

F O R R E C O R D S :

O H T O W N : C

Washington

. DESCRIPTION- -. - . 2-.A .---A

(Chuck One)

17 E x c a l l a n t Good 13 Fair n Dotoriormtod El Ruins 17 Unexposed

(Chock Ono) (Cl#ock One)

0cig ina l site -.-

D E S C R l u E T H E P R C S T N T A N D O H I C I N I L ( i f known) P H Y S I C A L A P P C A R I N C E

Car l ton is s i t u a t e d i n a commanding p o s i t i o n on a s t e e p h i l l over- looking t h c towns of Falmouth and Fredcricksburg. The main body of t h e f r m e , two-story Georgian-style house measures approximately 48'X 26' wi th a narrow shed a d d i t i o n on t h e no r th end. Covering t h e house i s a hipped roof wi th t h r e e o ld- fashioned l igh ten ing rods along t h e r idge . Around t h e eaves is a s imple co rn ice . A t e i t h e r end of t h e house is an i n t e r i o r - e n d b r i c k chinliley. The sou th chimney is l a i d i n three-course American bond and i s an e a r l y n ine teenth-century replacement of t h e o r i g i n a l . The chimney p r o j e c t s two f e e t i n t o t h e i n t e r i o r and forms a chimney b r e a s t where the wa l l was formerly unbroken. The no r th chimney i s l a i d i n Flemish bond wi th random glazed headers . The base i s obscured by t h e shed a d d i t i o n ; and t h e cap i s a replacement , s e t o f f c e n t e r .

.The house was b u i l t w i t h i d e n t i c a l f ive-bay facades wi th t h e o u t e r bays grouped as p a i r s and t h e c e n t e r bays i s o l a t e d . Most of t h e nine-over-nine f i r s t - f l o o r s a s h and n ine-over-s ix second-f loor windows r e t a i n t h e o r i g i n a l ,,, sur rounds , g l a z i n g b a r s and e a r l y g l a s s . A l l t h e windows a r e hung wi th dark green louvred s h u t t e r s . The west en t r ance has an e i g h t - l i g h t transom and a p a i r of two-panel doors hung on l a r g e H-and-L hinges. Surrounding t h e west rn

doorway i s a pedimented f r o n t i a d d i t i o n . S h e l t e r i n g t h e doo exposed r a f t e r ends and f l u t e s i m i l a r t o t h a t on t h e west , a r e approached by p l a i n s t e p s of l o c a l s tone .

C a r l t o n ' s foundat ion i s basement windows w i t h v e r t i c a l g r i l l e s and h o r i z o n t a l i r o n b a r s surv ive . ' Also i n t a c t is much of t h e e a r l y beaded s i d i n g and rose-headed n a i l s . The s i d i n g on t h e f i r s t f l o o r o f the s o u t h end i s patched and i n d i c a t e s t h e removal of narrow windows on e i t h e r s i d e of t h e chimney.

Ca r l ton ' s f i r s t f l o o r p lan c o n s i s t s of a c e n t r a l h a l l , a l a r g e p a r l o r on t h e sou th , and two rooms sn t h e n o r t h . The h a l l i s d iv ided i n t h e c e n t e r by a temporary p a r t i t i o n which forms a s i t t i n g room i n t h e e a s t end. An i n t e r e s t i n g open- s t r ing s t a i r w i th s c r o l l e d b racke t s , molded h a n d r a i l , and t h i n bulbous b a l u s t e r s ascends on t h e e a s t wa l l of t h e h a l l . A cu r ious v e r t i c a l s c r o l l suppor ted on a t ape red column newel1 te rminates t h e handra i l The s t a i r has a paneled spandre l w i t h app l i ed panel molds. Surrounding t h e h a l l i s a d e n t i l corn ice .

The p a r l o r f e a t u r e s a d e n t i l co rn ice , c h a i r r a i l , p l a i n wainscot ing, a n d baseboard. The s imple f e d e r a l mantel and p r o j e c t i n g chimney b r e a s t d a t e from t h e r e b u i l d i n g of t h e chimney. The d in ing room i n t h e n o r t h e a s t corner of t h e house f e a t u r e s a corner f i r e p l a c e w i t h a mantel t h a t has a deep panel s e p a r a t i n g t h e f i r e p l a c e opening from t h e molded co rn ice s h e l f . Surrounding t h e d in ing room i s a co rn ice wi th Wall-of-Troy f r e t , p l a i n wainscot ing, and baseboard. Most of t h e no r th wa l l is taken up by a f i n e fou r - sec t ion b u i l t - i n p re s s . Sepa ra t ing each s e c t i o n i n t h e p r e s s ' s upper p a r t a r e f l u t e d p i l a s t e r s . The g l a s s panes i n t h e two o u t e r s e c t i o n s have r e c e n t l y been replaced wi th r a i s e d wooden panels . Each of t h e doors i n t h e lower p a r t has a s i n g l e r a i s e d panel .

The f i r s t f l o o r northwest room i s now used as a k i t chen . Ascending i n t h e southeas t corner of t h e except f o r t h e bottom f o u r s molded h a n d r a i l , turned ba lu

however. 721

PEaioo (Qiark one or Mora as App lopr lo l~ j

0 P r o - C o l ~ m b i o n1 O 16th Contvry M 18th Century 0 20th Confury

n 15th Century 0 17th Century CJ 19th Cantury

s p r c l ~ t cD A TEISI ( I ! A P P I I C O ~ I Oa n d ~ ~ o w n j

r n E A s O F Z I G N I F I C A U C E (Chockone or M o r o s e A ~ ~ r o p r l a t o j

Abor ipinol Education P o l i t i c a l 0 Urban Planning

0 Prohistoris Enginoaring Rsligion/Phi. Other (Specllyj

His10,ic Industry losophy

n Agricuituro Inventien S C ~ O O C ~

& Architecture Landscape Scvlpturo

0 Art Architecture S o c ~ o l / H u m o n Commarca Litorotu,s

i tarion Communic.tion. 0 Mil i tary Thootor

0 C O " , . ' " ~ , > * ~ M u s ~ c 0 T r ~ n s p o r t o f ~ o n

S T A T E M E N T O F 5 1 G N I F i C A N C E

Carl ton occupies a prominent p o s i t i o n overlooking the once prosperous seapor t of Falmouth. The imposing Georgian house is one of s e v e r a l t h a t crown t h e wooded h i l l s around Falmouth and adjacent Fredericksburg, pro-v id ing a s c e n i c s e t t i n g f o r these h i s t o r i c c o m u n i t i e s . A r c h i t e c t u r a l l y important f o r i t s e x c e l l e n t propor t ions and l i t t l e - a l t e r e d s t a t e , t he house, i n add i t ion , preserves two d i s t i n c t i v e i n t e r i o r f e a t u r e s : a f i n e f o u r - s e c t i o : ~ b u i l t - i n cupboard and a cur ious v e r t i c a l s c r o l l te rminat ing t h e main s t a i r handra i l . Three of t h e e s t a t e ' s o r i g i n a l outbui ld ings survive .

The house was e rec ted i n the f o u r t h q u a r t e r of the e ighteenth century f o r John Shor t (1763-1794), t h i r d and youngest s o n , c h i l d of John Short and Theodosia Mathews of Belmount, S ta f fo rd County. Because of t h e l o s s of S t a f f o r d County records t h e exact cons t ruc t ion d a t e has not been determined, bu t t h e house i s be l ieved t o have been b u i l t no t long a f t e r S h o r t ' s marriage around 1785 t o J u d i t h B a l l o f Cobham H a l l , Lancaster County. Short had acquired the Car l ton proper ty from W i l l i a m Richards and Ann, h i s wife , o f S t a f f o r d County. A prosperous Falmouth merchant a s we l l as landowner, Short made a t l e a s t one bus iness t r i p t o London. A well-founded family t r a d i t i o n r e l a t e s t h a t while t h e r e he purchased f i n e f u r n i t u r e f o r h i s new house. Upon S h o r t ' s dea th a t t h e young age of t h i r t y , C a r l t o n was i n h e r i t e d by h i s widow. H i s o t h e r holdings i n Falmouth and S t a f f o r d , King George, and Freder ick Counties were d iv ided amoung h i s daughters. J u d i t h Short l e f t Car l ton t o he r daughter E l i zabe th , wife of t h e Reverend Cumberland George of Be l l Park, Culpeper County. I n 1837, M r . and Mrs. George s o l d t h e proper ty t o John M. O'Bannon. Carlron remained i n t h e O'Bannon family u n t i l 1941 when it was acquired by t h e p resen t owners, Dr. and Mrs. E. Boyd Graves. The f i f t e e n ac res surrounding Car le ton a t t he house i t s e l f a r e now protec ted by

Ian open-space easement granted t o t h e Landmarks Commission by t h e Graves.

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b

0 1 . 3 , NO. 9 1796; Val. 67, no. 1059,' i 1811; Vol. 86, no. 6052, 1829.

! Tylers Q u a r t e r l y and Genealogical Magazine, Vol. 32, no. 3 of January 1951.

DogroesMinutes Seconds Dogroo=Minutes Seconds Dmgrass Minutes Seconds D a ~ r e s s Minutes Saconds o oNW 36" 1 9 ' 38. 77 28. 22 " .

NE 3S0 1 9 ' 38 ' 77 28' 07 " S E 38O 1 9 , 27" 77 O 28' 0 7 .

S T A T E : C O D E C O U N T Y : C O D E-S T A T E : C O D E C O U N T Y : C O D E--S T I I T E : * C O D E C O U N T Y : C O D E-

I I, I FORM PREPARED BY

I N A M E A N D T ~ T L E I . . . V l r g z n ~ a H i s t o r i c Landmarks Commission S t a f f D A T E

O R G A N I Z A T I O N

V i r g i n i a H i s t o r i c Landmarks Commission J u l y , 1973 S T R E E T A N D NUMBER:

Room 1116 Ninth S t r e e t S t a t e O f f i c e Bui ld ing C l T I O R T O W N : S T A T E

I Richnlon6 V i r g i n i a 1 5 1 112. STATE LIAISON OFFICER CERTtFICA7ION I NATIONAL REGISTER VERIFICATION

I A s the designated State Liaison Officer for the Na- . I hereby certify that this property is included in thetional Histotic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law I89-665).I hereby nominate this property for inclusion

Nst ioml Register.

in the National Register and certify that it has been

evaluated accordinq to the c-iterio end procedures set

forth by the National Park Servrce. The recommended

level of ~ i g n i f i c a n c eof this nomination is:

Nalional 0 Stale Local 0 I

En?e

Nnme Junius R. F i shburne , Jr. , D i r e c t o r ATTEST:

V i r g i n i a H i s t o r i c Landmarks Commissio Title

Keeper ofThe National RegisterI Date Date

INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM Sta f fo rd FOR NPS USE ONLY

E N T R Y N U M B E R O A T E(Continuation Shoet)

I (Number -11 .nlrle.)

7 . funct ioned as a s e r v i c e pant ry but i s now used a s an informal s i t t i n g room. The t r i m on t h e second f l o o r i s s i m i l a r t o t h a t on t h e f i r s t bu t more p l a i n .

Ca r l ton preserves t h r e e of i t s o r i g i n a l ou tbu i ld ings loca ted i n a comple j u s t t o t h e n o r t h of the house. The 16'X 3 2 ' frame k i t chen has l o s t i t s chininey staclc, but t h e l a r g e double-hearth s tone c e n t e r f i r e p l a c e is i n t a c t . The lci tchen 's west s e c t i o n has been converted i n t o a garage. To t h e e a s t of the k i t c h e n is a frame d a i r y wi th a s t e e p gable roof . The d a i r y i s i n need of r e p a i r bu t preserves i t s e a r l y s i d i n g and b a t t e n door w i t h s t r a p hinges. To thc west is a b r i c k meathouse a l s o wi th a gable roo f , The o r i g i n a l s t a b l e burned s e v e r a l years ago.

The house i s approached from t h e west along a l ane leading up from U.S. 17. The grounds on t h e west s i d e a r e informal ly p lanted wi th shade t r e e s and shrubbery. On t h e e a s t s i d e is a s t e e p l y t e r r a c e d lawn, bordered a t t h e botts by t h i c k undergrowth. Immediately t o t h e no r th and souch a r e s t e e p wooded s lopes . Both house and grounds a r e maintained i n good cond i t ion . There is a

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