71509832 criminal law ii bar memory aid

7/29/2019 71509832 Criminal Law II Bar Memory Aid

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/71509832-criminal-law-ii-bar-memory-aid 1/37

Rose Rayco’s 2006 Bar Memor y Aid (Criminal Law - Book 2 of 41

118 I nciting to

War/G ivin gMo tives

1. Offender perf or m s un law f u l or unau thor ized acts

2. Such acts provoke or give occasion for a w ar involving or liable to involve RP or exp oseFilipino citizens to r ep r isals on their per sonsor p r op er ty

119 Violation of Neutr ali ty

1. War w hich the Ph ilipp ines is not involved 2. There is a r egu lation issu ed by competent

authority for the purpose of enf or cingneu tr ality

3. Offender violates such r egu lation120

Corr es- pond ence

with Hostil eCountry

1. Tim e of war in w hich the Ph ilipp ines is involved

2. Offender makes correspondence with enemycountry or terr itor y occup ied by enemy tr oo p s

3. The correspondence is either a. Pr oh ibited by the go ver nm en t b. Carr ied in cip her s or conven tional signs c. Co n tain ing notice or information w h ich

might be u sef u l to the enem y 121

Flight to Enemy ’s Country

1. There is a war w h ich the Ph ilipp ines is involved

2. Offender m ust be owing allegiance togo ver nm en t

3. Offender attempts to f lee or go to enemycoun tr y

4. Go ing to enemy country is p r oh ibited bycompetent au thor ity

122 Piracy in

General andMutiny onthe HighSeas or inPh ili pp ine

Waters

1. Vessel is on the high seas or in RP w ater s 2. Offenders are not members of com p lem en t or

passenger s of the vessel 3. Offenders either

a. attack or seize the vessel b. seize the w hole or part of the cargo of

said vessel, it ’ s equ ip m en t, or per sonalbelongings of its com p lem en t or p assenger s

123 Quali fied

Piracy

Qualifying Circum stances : 1. Seized vessel by bo ar d ing / f ir ing upon the

same; or 2. Pir ates have abandoned their victim s w ithou t

means of saving them selves; or 3. Cr im e is accom pan ied by murder, h om icid e,

p hysical in ju r ies or rape

Crime Elem ent s

114 Trea son 1. Offender is Filipino citizen or alien r esid ing inRP2. There is war in w h ich the Ph ilipp ines is

involved 3. Offender either :

a. levies war against the go ver nm en t i. that there be actual assem bling of

men,ii. for the purpose of execu ting a

tr easonable d esign by forceb. or adheres to enem ies, giving aid or

com f or t 115

Con sp iracyand

Proposal toComm itTrea son

Co nsp ir acy to Co mm it Tr easonPr op osal to Co mm it Tr eason

116 Mi spr is ionof Trea son

1. Offender m u st be owing allegiance to the government and not a f or eigner

2. He has know led ge of any consp ir acy to comm it treason against the go ver n m en t

3. He conceals/ does not d isclose and makeknown the same as soon as possible togo ver nor / f iscal of p r ovince or m ayor / f iscal of city in w h ich he r esid es

117 Esp ionage

1. By en ter ing , without authority therefore, aw ar sh ip , fort or n aval or m ilitar yestablishm en t or r eser vation to ob tain anyinformation, p lans, p hotog r ap hs or other dataof a conf id en tial nature r elative to the def enseof the Ph ilipp ines a. Offender enters any of the p laces

m en tioned b. He has no authority therefore

c. H is purpose is to ob tain info, p lans, etc.of a conf id en tial nature r elative tod ef ense of RP

2. By d isclosing to r ep r esen tative of a f or eignnation the contents of the ar ticles, data, or information referred to in Par. No. 1 w hich hehad in h is p ossess ion by reason of the pu blicoff ice he h old s a. Offender is a public off icer b. He has in h is p ossession the ar ticles, etc.

by reason of the public off ice he h olds c. He d iscloses their contents to a

r ep r esen ta tive of a f or eign n ation

T I TLE I : C RI M ES AGA I NST N AT I ONAL S ECURI TYAND THE LAW OF N ATI ONS

1. Treason2. Co n sp i r a cy and Pr op osa l to Commit Treason3. M i sp r i si on of Treason4. Esp ion a ge 5. In ci t in g to War and Giving M o t i v es for Rep r i sa l 6. Violation of N eu tr a li ty 7. Correspondence with H ost il e Co u n tr y 8. Flight to Enemy Co u n tr y 9. P i r a cy and M u t in y

GR: comm i tt ed in t i m es of w ar E x c e p t : e s p i o n a g e , i n c i t i n g t o w a r o r g i v i n g m o t i v e s f o r r e p r i sa l , v i o l a t i o n of n e u t r a li t y , p i r a c y and m u t i ny

Ele m e nt s

Ant i-P ira cy and Anti-Highway Robbery (PD 532)

PD 532 Art. 122

Co mm itt ed by any p er son ,includ ing a p assenger or member

Co mm itt ed by strangers (non-passenger s or n on-m em ber s)

Ph ilipp ine w ater s Ph ilipp ine waters or high seas §4 – ACCOMPLICE: (a) Knowingly or in any manner aid s or protects, or acqu ir es or r eceives property taken or inany matter d er ives any benef it(b) D ir ectly or ind ir ectly abetscomm iss ion

Robbery, P ira cy and M ut iny

Robbery Piracy M ut iny

Robbery in anUn inh abited Place – if comm itt ed inb a n c a / raft bycrewmember or p assenger

Offenders areou tsider s

Offenders members of com p lem en t or p assenger s

Robberycomm itt ed byou tsider s

Raise comm otion or protest or go againstlaw f u l command of cap tain

Ant i-H ij a ck in g Law (RA 6235)

Aircraft




Ph ilipp ine Registr y Change course or d estination or u su r p ing or seizing con tr ol w h ile in f ligh t

For eign Registr y Land in any part of RP terr itor y or u su r p ing or seizing con tr ol, w h ile within RP terr itor y

Pa ssenger A ir cr af t Op er ating as Public Utility in RP

Carrying or load ing on board su bstances that are corr osive, f lamm able, exp losive or p oisonou s

Cargo A ir cr af t

Op er ating as Public Utility in RP

Sh ipp ing or load ing such substances in a

manner not in accordance with r u les andr egu lations of Air Tr ansp or tation O ff ice Qu alif ying Cir cu m stances

(1) firing upon the p ilot, crew or p assenger (2) exp lod ing or att em p ting to exp lode any bomb or exp losive to d estr oy the air cr af t (3) committing cr im e accom pan ied bymurder, h om icid e, ser iou s p hysical in ju r ies,or rape




Art. 131 I ll ega l Ass emb ly (art. 146) A ssem bly for legal pu r pose A ssem bly not for legal pu r p ose O ff icer not a member of assem bly

May be a member of assem bly

Art. 132 and 133 Un ju st Vexation Exer cise of r eligious m anif estations, not quasir eligiou s cer em on ies 132 – public off icer 133 – anyoneD ir ected at r eligious belief itself and act is notor iously off ensive

O ff ensive to particular r eligiononly




D irect Ass au lt Res istan ce or Se rious D isobed ience

PA or A m ust be engaged inperformance of off icial du ties or

assau lted by reason thereof

PA or A m u st be in actu al performance of du ties

Co mm itt ed in 4 ways: Att ack , Force,Ser iou s intimidation, or Ser iou s r esistance

Co mm itt ed in 2 ways: Resisting Ser iou sly D isob eying

Force em p loyed – ser iou s andd eliber ate

Force em p loyed – not so ser iou s, as there is no m an if estinten tion to defy the law

When the one r esisted is PA, theuse of any kind or degree of force will give r ise to d ir ectassau lt

If no force is em p loyed by theoffender in r esisting or d isob eying , the cr im ecomm itt ed is r esistance

Sub stant ive offen se If penalty r em itt ed is 6 years or less , there is a new p enalty

im posed Not sub stant ive offen se If penalty r em itt ed is more than 6

years, as the penalty for violationis m er ely to serve the balance

Delivery of Prisoners from

Jail (Art. 156)

Evasion of Se rv ice ofSe nt en ce(Art. 157)

I n fideli ty in Custody of Prisoner

(Art s . 223-225)

(1) By d eten tionp r isoner if heknew of the p lanto make h imescape

(2) by a convict whose convictionis not yet f inal or on appeal(3) by a p er sonr escu ing thep r isoner from jailwho is not thecu stod ian andwho may be acivilian or a POnot the custod ian

(1) By p r isoner inconf inem en t byf inal jud gm en t (2) p r isoner not inconf inem en t by

f inal jud gm en t (e.g. d e s t i e rr o )

(1) By public off icer w ho consented or conn ivedin the escape of convictor deten tion p r isoner and is the cu stod ian of

the p r isoner (2) public off icer cu stod ian w hosenegligence caused thee vasion(3) p r ivate person towhom the cu stody of thep r isoner was conf id edwho consen ted ,conn ived , or w asnegligen t

Alarm s and Scand als D ischar ge of f ir ear m in public p lace but n ot p oin ted to a particular p er sonI ll ega l D ischarge of Firea rm s

D ir ected to particular person who was not hit if in ten t to kill is not p r oved

Attempted Hom icide/M urd er

If person was hit, au tom atically , cr im e is attempted h om icid e/ m u r d er if with in ten tto kill

Phy sical I n jur ies Person was hit and in ju r ed but no in ten t to kill

Threat Weapon not d ischar ged but poin ted to another

Other Light Threat Drawn in a quarr el but not in self -d ef ense Grave Coe rcion Threat was imm ed iate, d ir ect and ser iou s

and person is com p elled or prevented to dosom eth ing against h is w ill

Not a PA A gg r avating cir cu m stance (art. 14(2))PA D ir ect A ssau lt

D irect Ass au lt vs. Re s is tan ce or Se riou s D isob ed ien ce

p r isoner sen tence by f inal jud gm en t

M ut iny

Pr isoner ser vingsen tence by f inal

jud gm en t

Rev o l t of su b o r d i n a tes a g a in st su p e r i o r s. Does n o tin clud e riot (p r i son e r s are not su bo r d i n a tes).

Eva s ion in Art icle 158 Fa il u r e to return. Pr e m iu m for those who r e tu r n :

Leaving without returning within time pr esc rib ed

1/ 5 addition to r em ain ing sen tence but not more than 6 m os.(1/ 5 x balance of the sen tence to beser ved )

Not leaving No d edu ctionLeaving and returning within time pr esc ribed

1/ 5 d edu ction from sen tence (1/ 5 x original sen tence)

Pub li c D iso rd e rs

Conditional Pardon

1. must not f a ll under Art i cles 131 and 132 (only p u b li coff i ce r s can comm i t these cr im es) 2. d i stu r b a n ce must be se r iou s, if not se r iou s the cr im e

i s a l ar m s and sca n d a ls 3. if criminal in te n t at the O U TSET is to in ci te li sten e r s

to r ebe lli on or sed i t ion , it is not public d iso r d e r s

Ala rm s and Scand a ls

Summ a ry

Charivari – mock serenade where the offender a ctu a ll yd i stu r b s the peace by u s in g cans, pans, u te n s il s, etc.

Variant Cr im e s that can Ar ise from D isc h a rge o f Firea rm s

Q u a s i-R ecid iv ism

Variant Cr im e s in Creating N o ise /Ann oyan ce

Sp ec i a l a gg r a v a t i n g ci r cu m stan ce that must be a ll ege d inthe comp l a in t

Alarm s and Scand als Pu blic in gener al Un ju st Vexation D ir ected to a p ar ticu lar

per son

Eva s ion of Se rv ice of Se nt en ce

Delivery of Prisoners from

Jail (Art. 156)

Evasion of Se rv ice ofSe nt ence(Art. 157)

I n fideli ty in Custody of Prisoner

(Art s . 223-225)

Offender n ot cu stod ian of p r isoner

Offender is cu stod ianwho conn ived in escap eor was negligen t

Deten tion Pr isoner ser vin Deten tion Pr isoner



Rose Raycds ZOOG Bar Memory Aid (Criminal Law- Book Z of 41




If public or o ff i ci a l or comm e r cia l document f a l si f i edto comm i t estafa – comp l ex cr i m e

If p r iv a te document – no comp lex cr i m e (e i th e r estafa or f a l si f i ca t i on )

Estafa Fals ification If estaf a can be comm itt ed even without r esor ting tof alsif ication , and f alsif icationwas resorted to only tof acilitate estaf a

If f alsif ication is essen tial inthe comm iss ion of estaf asuch that w ithou tf alsif ication , estaf a cannot becomm itt ed

Other Fa ls it ie s

Usurp a t ion of Auth o r i ty Art icle 177 RA 10

False p r etense With or without p r etense

Us in g Fict itiou s N am e CA 142 (Regulating the Use of Ali ases)

§1. Except as p seud onym (en ter tainm en t purposes and ath leticevents), no person shall use name other than original or r eal nameu nless recorded in LCR or au thor ized in cou r t §2. Person d esir ing to use alias shall apply for jud icial authority.

No person allow ed to secu r e jud icial authority for more than onealias. Requ ir es public use and h abitu ality

Pe rjury Subornation of Perjury – act of a person o f

procuring a f a l se w i tn ess to test i f y and comm i tperjury; w i tn ess must f i r st be con v i cted of p e r ju r y




Dru g Quantity Op ium 10 grams or

moreLI to Death and P500K to P10M

M orph ine 10 grams or more

LI to Death and P500K to P10M

Heroin 10 grams or more


Cocaine 10 grams or more


Shabu 50 grams or more


M arijuana Resin or Resin O il

10 grams or more


M arijuana 500 grams or more


Other DD 10 grams or more


Shabu 10 grams or more but less than 50 g r am s

LI and P400K to P500K

M arijuana 300 grams or more but less than 500 gr am s

20 years 1 day to LI and P400K to P500K

Other DD 5 grams or morebut less than 10gr am s

20 years 1 day to LI and P400K to P500K

M arijuana Less than 300gr am s

12 years 1 day to 20 years andP300K to P400K

Other DD Less than 5gr am s

12 years 1 day to 20 years andP300K to P400K

Voluntary Subm iss ion drug dependent who v io la ted §15 may, b

h im se l f / h e r se l f or thru h is / h e r parent, spouse,g u a r d i a n or r e l a t i v e within 4 th degree ocon san g u i n i ty or a ff i n i ty apply to Board f otreatment and r eh ab ili ta t i on

not less than 6 mos. But not excee d i n g 1 y ea r if r eh ab ili ta te d and exempt: see r equ i r em en ts b e low if r e h ab ili ta te d but not exempted from li ab ili ty

charged under CDDA but p l a ce d on p r ob a t ion anundergo community se r v i ce in li eu of imp r i son m ena n d / o r f i n e

if not r eh a b ili ta ted after 2 nd comm i tm en t: ch ar g ewith violation of §15; if con v i cted , en t i t le d to cr ed i

of p e r i od of con f in em en t in r eh ab ili ta t i on

Exemption from Criminal Liability under Vo lunt a rySubm iss ion 1. comp li ed with r u les and r egu l a t ion s of center,

a pp li cab le r u l es and r eg u l a t ion s of boar d 2. never been charged or con v i cted under C DD A

DDA of 1972, RPC or any SPL3. no record of escape from center, u n less he d id

escape but surrendered within 1 w ee k 4. poses no se r iou s danger to se l f , family, comm u n i ty

Certain P rov ision s p lea -b a r g a i n in g not a ll ow ed (§23) p r oba t i on law not a ll ow ed for drug tr a ff i ck i n g or

p u sh i n g , r ega r d less of p en a l ty imp ose d by cou rt(§24)

p os i t i v e finding for the use of DD sh a ll be aqualifying agg r a v a t i n g ci r cu m sta n ce and th e

app li ca t ion of the p en a l ty p r ov id ed for in RPC sh a llbe app li cab le (§25)

attempt or con sp i r a cy in ce rt a in acts are p u n i sh ab le (§26)

if comm i tt ed by government o ff i ci a ls a n demp loyee s: qualifying ci r cu m sta n ce in all u n la w f u l

acts (§28) if comm i tt ed by p a rt n e r sh i p , co r p o r a t i on ,

a ssoci a t ion or other ju r i d i ca l en t i ty : p art n e r ,p r e si d en t, d i r ec to r , manager, trustee, estatead m in i str a to r or o ff i ce r who consents to o r knowingly to le r a tes violation (co -p r in ci p a l ) (§30) o r use of v eh i cle , etc, as in str u m en t in importation, etc.(§30)

if comm i tt ed by a li en : deported imm ed i a te l y u n l essp en a l ty i s death (§31)

immunity from p r osec u t ion / p u n i sh m en t – a n yperson who has v i o l a ted §§7, 11, 12, 14, 15, 19 w h ov o lu n tar il y g i v es information about any violation of §§4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 13 and 16 as w e ll as any violation of offenses m en t ion e d if comm i tt e d by drug syn d i ca te ,or any information of whereabouts, id en t i t ies an darrest of such members; and who willingly test i f ies(§33)

a cce sso r y p en a l t i es (§35)

Drug Reh ab ili ta tion

Compu lso ry Con fin em ent drug dependent, upon p e t i t ion by Board or an

person au th o r iz ed by board, sh a ll be con f i n ed f or eh a b ili ta t i on

su sp en si on of p r ocee d i n g s and tr a n sm i tt a l of r ec o r to Board: if drug dependent and offense charged il ess than 6 years and 1 d ay

if r eh ab ili ta ted : returned to court and p r o sec u t iosh a ll be i n st i tu ted or sh a ll con t in u e ; in case ocon v i ct ion : full cr ed i t of p e r i od in r eh ab ili ta t i on if hewas in good b eh a v i or

if r e h ab ili ta t ion and offense is under §15 a naccused not a r ec i d i v i st: p en a l ty deemed served i

r eh a b ili ta t i on upon r e lea se th e r e f r om

P re sc ript ion p r escr ip t i on of offense does not run w h il e u n d e

r eh a b ili ta t i on

Action s Taken Upon Minor Drug V io la to r 1. suspended sen ten ce – f i r st t i m e r

2. p r oba t i on or community se r v i ce – f i r st t im e r 3. se r v i ce of sen ten ce as any other con v i cted person – i f

violation of con d i t ion s of suspended sentence o rru les and r eg u la t i on s

Su sp en s ion of Sentence of Firs t Time Minor O ff end e r over 15 at the t i m e of comm iss i on but not more th an

18 at the t im e when judgment sh ou l d have beenp r om u l g a te d

con d i t ion s: 1) not p r ev i ou sly con v i cted under CDDA, DD ARPC, SPL 2) not been p r e v i ou s l y comm i tt ed to r e h ab ili ta t ion




3) Board f a v o r ab l y recommends su sp en sion of sentence

4) may be a v a il ed of only once under 15 – PD 603

Limited App li cab ili ty of RPC GR: RPC not app li cab l e

E x c e p t : m i n o r o ff e n d e r s – p e n a l t y i m p osa b l e i s RP t o d e a t h if p e n a l t y p r e s c r i b e d i s LI t o d e a t h




Crime Elem ent s

200 Grave

Scand al

1. Offender perf or m s an act(s) 2. Auch act(s) be highly scandalou s as off end ing

against decency or good cu stom s 3. The highly scand alous conduct is not

exp r ess ly f alling within any other ar ticle of this Code

4. Act or acts com p lained of be comm itt ed in apublic p lace or within the public know ledgeor view

201 I mm oral

Doctr ines ,Obsc ene

Pub lication sand

Exh

ib

itio

ns ,

and I nd ecent

Shows

Publicity is essen tial

Those Liab le : 1. Those who shall pu blicly expound or

p r oclaim doctr ines open ly contrary to pu blicm or als

2. A u thor s of obscene liter atu r e, pu blished w iththeir know ledge in any form, the ed itor spu blish ing such liter a tu r e; and theow ner s/ op er ator s of the establishm en t sellingthe sam e

3. Thos who, in theaters, f air s, cinem atog r ap hs, etc., exh ibit ind ecen t or immoral p lays, scenes,acts, etc. it being u nd er stoo d that the ob sceneliter atu r e or ind ecen t or immoral lays, etc.whether in live or in f ile, w h ich are p r oscr ibedby vir tu e hereof

4. Those who shall sell, give away, or exh ibit f ilm s, p r in ts, eng r avings, scu lp tor s, etc. w h ichar e off ensive to m or als

202 Vag rant s

andProstitut es

Vag rant s : 1. Any person having no apparent means of

subsistence, who has p hysical ability to w or kand who n eglects to apply h im self to som elaw f u l calling

2. Any person found loiter ing about public or sem i-pu blic bu ild ings or p laces, or tr am p ingor w and er ing about the country or the str eetswithout visible means of supp or t

3. Any id le or d issolu te person who lodges inhouses of ill-f am e; r u ff ians or p im ps and thosewho habitually associate with p r ostitu tes

4. Any person who, not being includ ed in thep r ovision of other ar ticles of th is Code, shallbe found loiter ing in any inh abited or u n inh abited p lace belonging to another without any law f u l or ju stif iable pu r pose

5. Prostitut e – a woman who, for money or p r of it, habitually indu lge in sexu al in ter cou r seor lasciviou s conduct

T I TLE V I : C RI M ES AGA I NST P UBLI C M ORALS

1. G am b li n g and Be tt i n g 2. Grave Sca n d a l 3. Immoral D octr i n es and Indecent Sh ow s 4. Vagrants and Pr ost i tu te s

Moral – conformity with the g en e r a ll y acceptedstandards of goodness or r ig h tn ess in conduct och ar a cte r

Obscene – som e th i n g off en si v e to ch a st i ty , decency,d e li ca cy

RA 3060 Art icle 201 Public exh ibition of m otionp ictu r e not p r eviou sly passed by Board of Censor s

Pu blic show ing of ind ecen t or immoral p lays, scenes, ac ts, or shows, not just motion p ictu r es

Malum p r ohibitu m Malum in se

Vag ran cy

Variant Cr im e s in Lo ite r in g Vag rancy If estate is not enclosed or fenced, becau se

privacy is not m ain tained in such case Trespass to Property

Estate or p r em ises is u ninh abited and there is m an if est prohibition of the owner or over seer against en tr y

Theft (Attempted,Frustrated orCon summ ated)

Person enters fenced or enclosed estate w ithou t consent of owner or overseer to hunt, f ish or

gather plant p r odu cts

Grave Scand a l con si sts of acts which are o ff en s i v e to decency a n d

good customs which, h a v i n g been comm i tt edp u b li cly , have g i v en r i se to public scan d a l to personswho have a cc id en ta ll y w i tn essed the same

must be d i r ec te d ag a in st sense of decency, n o tp r op e rt y

comm i tt e d in public p l a ce or in public v i ew

I mm o ra l D octr in e s




p r om i sed ; w h il e in cr im e of p r e va r i ca cion th ise lem en t i s NOT necessary

D irect Bribery D is tin gu ish ed from I nd irect Brib e ry D irect Bribery I nd irect Bribery

agreement no agreementoffender agr ees to perform or p erf or m s an act or r efr ains fr omdoing som eth ing , because of thegift or p r om ise

it is NOT n ecessar y that theoff icer shou ld do any p ar ticu lar act or even p r om ise to do anyact, as it is enough that heaccep ts gif ts off er ed

Mere agreement consu mm ates Acceptance consummates cr im e

Cr im e s Committed when Act Con s ti tut e s a Crime andwas Accomp li sh ed

d i r ec t b r ib e r y , in addition to cr im e brought about byact

There can be attempted corruption if public o ff i ce r refused to be co rr u p ted

Qualified Br ib e ry Pen a l ty must be RP or death or RP to death; if n o t ,

cr im e i s d e r e li ct i on of du t ies

Frauds and I ll ega l Exa ction s and Tran sact ion s

I ll ega l Exa ct ion If ill eg a l amount is r ece ip ted : additional offense o f

m a l ve r sa t i on Not app li ca b le to BIR and customs o ff i ce r s

M a lve rsa t ion of Pub li c Funds or Property

To be guilty, pub li c o ff ice r must h ave : 1. O ff i ci a l custody of public funds or p r op e rt y or th e

duty to co ll ec t or r ece i v e funds due the gov e r n m en t,a n d

2. Obligation to account for them to the g ov e r n m en t * a ccou n tab le off i ce r – o th e r w i se , cr im e is estafa

P re sumpt ion of M a lve rsa t ion Ru le : when demand is made to account for funds an dthe same is not f o rt h com i n g

P r o v i d e d: no i ss u e as t o a cc u r a c y , c o rr e c t n e ss a n d r e g u l a r i t y of a u d i t f i n d i n g s and t h e f a c t t h a t funds a r e m i ss i n g i s i n d u b i t a b l y e s t a b li s h e d

I n fid e li ty of Pub li c O ff ice rs

Revelation D is tin gu ish ed from I n fid e li ty : 1. Papers con ta i n Sec r e ts – r ev e la t i on 2. Papers do not con ta i n Sec r e ts – In f id e li ty

I n fid e li ty in Custody of D ocum ent d is t in gu ish ed fro m M a lve rsa t ion and Fa ls ifica tion

M a l ve r sa t ion and Fa l si f i ca ti on – when p o stm a ste r r ece i ve d money orders, si g n ed as payee, co ll ec tedand app r op r i a ted the r esp ec t i ve am ou n ts

In f i d e li ty in Custody of Papers – when p o stm a ste r r ece i ve s le tt e r s/ en v e l op es con ta i n in g money o r d e r s,and MO are not sent to addressees, the p o stm a ste r ca sh in g the same for h i s own b en e f i t




8. Co mm itt ed by any member of AFP or paramilitary u nits thereof or the PNP or anylaw enforcement agency or p enal institu tion ,when offender took advantage of position tof acilitate the comm iss ion of the cr im e

9. By reason or on the occasion of the rape, thevictim has suffered permanent p hysicalmutilation or d isability

10. Offender knew of the pregnancy of theoffended party at the tim e of the comm iss ionof the cr im e

11. Offender knew of the m en tal d isability , em otional d isor d er and / or p hysical hand icapof the offended party at the tim e of thecomm iss ion of the cr im e

266-C Effect of Pardon

1. Subsequ en t valid m arr iage between theoffender and the offended party shallextingu ish the cr im inal action or the p enaltyim posed .

2. In case it is the legal husband who is theoffender, the subsequent f or giveness by thew if e as the offended party shall extingu ish thecr im inal action or the p enalty

266-D Presump-

tions

1. Any physical overt act m an if esting r esistance against the act of rape in any degree from theoffended party; or

2. Where the offended party is so situated as torender h im / her incap able of giving consen t

Ab ort ion I n fant icide Fetus is still drawing lif e fr om m other

Victim is alr ead y a per son

Umbilical cord not yet cut; or Umbilical cord is alr eady cu t and infant is still alive

In tr a-u ter ine lif e of less than 7mos. and is killed within 24hou r s

In tr a-u ter ine lif e of less than 7mos. and killed after 24 hou r s

Killing by woman to conceal d ishonor is extenu ating

Se rious Less Se rious Sli ght Insan ity , im becility, im p otence, blind ness Loss of sp eech , hear ing , sm ellingLoss of eye, hand,foot, arm, legIncap acitated f or work for w h ichhabitually engagedDef or m ation

Lost any other par tof body or u sethereof Illness or incap acityfor work h abituallyengaged for p er iodof more than 90 days In ju r ies cau sed illness or incap acity for labo r for morethan 30 days notmore than 90

Incap acitated f or labo r for 10 days o r more but not morethan 30 days

Incap acitated f orlabo r from 1 to n inedays or m ed icaattendance for samper iod Do not prevent h imfrom engaging ihabitu al work n or equ ir e m ed ica

Tumu l tu ou s Affray – the d i stu r b a n ce i s caused by m o rthan three persons who are armed or are p r ov i d ed w i tmeans of v i o l en ce

Persons Liable for Death in Tumu ltu ou s Aff ray : 1. Person(s) who in f li cted the se r iou s p h y s i ca l in ju r ies 2. If it is not known who in f li cted the se r i ou s p h y si ca

i n ju r ies on the deceased, all the persons who u sev i o len ce upon the person of the v i ct im are li ab l e , buwith lesse r li ab ili ty

I n fant icid e

I n fa nt icid e – killing of any ch il d le ss than three days oage, whether the k ill e r i s the parent or grandparent, another r e l a t i v e of the child, or a str an g e r

Pa rr icid e, Murder, H o m icid e

Pa rr icid e Leg i t im a te r e l a t ion sh i p except parent and ch il d D i r ec t li n e only except spouse Bl oo d except for spouse

Pa rr icide I n fant icide Based on r elationsh ip Based on age of child Relatives enumerated S tr anger s or r elatives

* parr icide yield s to inf an ticide Co nsp ir acy cannot be app lied Separ ate inf or m ations necessar y

Co nsp ir acy app licable S ingle inf or m ation

Co nceal d ishonor not m itigating Co nceal d ishonor m itigating

M urd e r

Use of Fire

D u e l

Duel – formal or r egu l ar combat p r e v i ou sl y con ce rt ebetween two p a rt ies in the presence of two or m o rseconds of l a w f u l age on each si d e , who makes thse lec t i on of arms and fix all other con d i t ion s of the f ig h t

Persons Liable in D u e l : 1. Person who k ill ed or in f li cted p h y si ca l i n ju r i es u p on

h is adversary, or both combatants in any other case,

as p r in c

ip

les 2. Seconds, as a ccomp li ce s

Phy sica l I n jur ie s

Separate crimes of Hom icide and Arson

To conceal killing

M urd er A s a means to kill Arson aggravated by Hom icide Burn a house but there was a

person who was killed Ho m icide Resorted to as a joke (Pp l v.

Pugay)

H om icid e

H o m icid e – u n l a w f u l killing of any person, which isn e i th e r p a rr i ci d e , murder nor in f an t i ci d e Acc id ent a l H om icid e – death of a person b r ou gh t

about by a la w f u l act performed with proper careand sk ill , and without homicidal i n ten t

Corpus D e li c t i – a ctu a l comm i ss i on of the cr im echarged; means that the cr im e was a ctu a ll yperpetrated, and does not refer to the body of th emurdered p e r son

Death or Phy s ica l I n jur ie s in Tumu l tu ou s A ff ray




attendanceIll-tr eatm en t by deedwithout in ju r y

Phy s ica l I n jur ie s D is tin gu ish ed from Attempted or Frustrated H om icid e :

a. In both, the offender in f

licts p h y s

ica

l

in ju r

ies,however h om i cid e may be comm i tt ed , even if n o

p h y si ca l in ju r ies are in f li cted b. There is no in te n t to kill in p h y si ca l in ju r ie s

M ut il a t ion

Ordinary Phy s ica l I n jur ie s D is t in gu ish ed from M ut il a t ion : 1. M u t il a t ion – must have been caused p u r p ose ly a n d

d e li be r a te l y 2. Ph y s i ca l In ju r i es – th i s in ten t ion i s not p r e sen t




b. Kidnapping or Ill eg a l De ten t i on – any o th e r p u r p o se

Trespass to D w e lli n g D w e lli n g P la ce – any building or structure exclu si v e ly devoted for rest and com f o rt

Trespass to

Dwelli n g

Inh abited

Trespass to Property Un inh abited , clear or m an if est p r oh ibitionTheft Purpose: f ish , harvest, gather Vag ran cy If property not fenced, no prohibition to

enter Un ju st vexa tion or light coe rcion

Robbery In tim id ation imm ed iate but cond itional coup led with demand for money or any consid er ation ; in ten t to gain

Threat Future and cond itional Coe rcion D ir ect, imm ed iate and p er sonal or ser ious

enough; no in ten t to gain




property or u su r ps any r eal r igh ts in p r oper ty 2. That the r eal property or r eal r igh ts belong to

another 3. That violence against or in tim id ation of

persons is used by the offender in occup yingr eal property or u su r p ing r eal r igh ts inp r oper ty

4. That there is in ten t to gain313 Altering Bound aries or Landm arks 314

Fraudu lent I n solvency

1. That the offender is a debtor, that is, he h as ob ligations due and payable

2. That he absconds with h is p r op er ty 3. That there be p r e jud ice to h is cr ed itor s

Distingu ished from I nsolvency Law : a. Insolvency Law – r equ ir es app lication

that the cr im inal act shou ld have beencomm itt ed after institu tion of cr im inalp r oceed ings

b. A r ticle 314 – there is no su chr equ ir em en t, and it is not n ecessar y thatdefendant shou ld have been ad jud gedbankrupt or insolven t

315 Sw ind ling

(Estafa)

Elem ent s of Estafa in General: 1. Accused defrauded another (a) by abuse of

conf id ence or (b) by means of d eceit; and2. Dam age/ p r e jud ice cap able of pecu n iar y

estim ation is caused to the offended party or 3 rd per son

Ways of Committing Estafa : 1. With u nf aithf u lness or abuse of conf id ence 2. By means of d eceit:

a. By means of f alse pretenses or fr audu len t acts

b. Thru fr audu len t m eans

Un faith fu lness or Abuse of Con fidence : 1. Fir st For m

a. Offender has an onerous ob ligation to d eliver som eth ing of value

b. He alter s its substance, quantity or quality

c. Damage or p r e jud ice is caused to another 2. Second F or m

a. Money, goods, or other p er sonalproperty be r eceived by offender in t r ust,or on comm iss ion , or for ad m in istr ation ,or under any other ob ligation involvingthe duty to make d eliver y of, or to r etu r n ,the sam e

b. Misapp r op r ia tion / conver sion of su chmoney or property by offender, or d en ialon h is part of such r eceip t

c. That such m isapp r op r iation or conver sion or d en ial is to the p r e jud ice of another

d. That there is demand made by theoffended party to the off end er

3. Undue advantage of S igna tu r e in Blank a. Paper with the signatu r e of the off end ed

party be in blank b. Offended party shou ld have d eliver ed it

to the off end er c. Above the signatu r e of offended party a

document is w r itten by the off end er without authority to do so

d. Document so w r itten cr eates a liability of , or causes damage to offended or any 3rd

p er son

False Pretense or Fraudulent Acts a. False pretense, fr audu len t act or

fr audu len t m eans b. False pretense, fr audu len t act or

1. Taking of p er sonal p r op er ty 2. Property belongs to another 3. Taking be done with inten t to gain (a n i m u s

l u c r a n d i ) 4. Taking be done without the consent of the

ow ner 5. Tak ing accom p lished without violence against

or in tim id ation of persons or force up onth ings

Stages of the Cr ime : 1. Theft is consu mm ated

a. when offender is able to p lace th ingtaken under h is con tr ol and in such asituation where he cou ld d ispose it atonce; or

b. when offender had full p ossess ion of thing, even if he did not haveopportunity to d ispose the sam e

2. Conflicting Ru lings a. P e o p l e vs. D i n o – fr ustr ated theft w hen

truck loaded with stolen boxes of r if leswas d iscover ed at checkpoin t

b. P e o p l e vs. E s p i r i t u – consummated thef t when h osp ital linen was found atcheckp oin t

3. Exp lanation : a. D i n o Case – fr u str ated becau sed eter m inative fact to deter m ineconsu mm ation is ability to d ispose fr eely ,even if it were more or less m om en tar ily;shou ld only be app lied to theft of bu lkygoods

b. E s p i r i t u Case – consummated b ecau sethey were able to take or get hold of linen

310 Quali fied

Theft

Theft is Qualified if: 1. Theft is comm itt ed by dom estic ser van t 2. Theft is comm itt ed with grave abuse of

conf id ence 3. Property stolen is a (a) motor veh icle, (b) m ail

matter, or (c) lar ge catt le (*note Catt leRustling)

4. Property stolen consists of coconuts taken

from the p r em ises of a p lan tation5. Property stolen is f ish taken fr om f ishp ond / f isher y

6. Property taken is on occasion of f ir e,earthquake, typhoon, volcan ic er up tion, or any other calam ity , veh icu lar acc id en t or civild istu r bance

PD 1612 Ant i-

Fencing Law

1. Cr im e of robbery or theft has been comm itt ed 2. Accused, who is not a p r incipal or accom p lice

in the comm iss ion of the cr im e of robbery or theft, buys, r eceives, possesses, keep s,acqu ir es, conceals, sells or d isposes, or buysand sells, or in any manner deals in anyar ticle, item , object or anyth ing of valu e,w h ich has been d er ived from the proceeds of the said cr im e

3. Accused know s or shou ld have known thatthe said ar ticle, item , object or anyt h ing of valu e has been d er ived from the proceeds of the cr im e of robbery or thef t

4. There is, on the part of the accused, in ten t to gain fro h im self or for another

311 Theft of Property of National Library and National M useum

312 Occup at ion

of Rea lProperty orUsurp ation

of Rea lRight s inProperty

Acts Pun ishab le: 1. By taking possess ion of any r eal p r op er ty

belonging to another by means of violenceagainst or in tim id ation of per sons

2. By usu r p ing any r eal r igh ts in p r oper tybelonging to another by means of violenceagainst or in tim id ation of per sons

Elem ent s: 1. That the offender takes possess ion of any r eal




Sw ind lin g or mortgage the sam e. a. Th ing be imm ovable b. Offender who is not owner of said

property shou ld represent that he is theowner thereof

c. Offender shou ld have executed an act of ow ner sh ip (selling , leasing , encu m ber ingor m or tgaging the r eal p r op er ty)

d. To the p r e jud ice of the owner or a 3rd

p er son2. Any person, who, knowing that r eal p r oper ty

is encumbered, shall d isp ose of the sam e,althou gh such encumbrance be not recorded.a. Th ing d isp osed of be r eal p r oper ty b. Offender knew that r eal property w as

encumbered, whether recorded or n ot c. Express r ep r esen tation by the off end er

that the r eal party is free fr omencumbrance

d. Damage3. Owner of any per sonal property who shall

wrongfully take it from its law f u l p ossessor , tothe p r e jud ice of the latt er or any third per son .a. Offender is the owner of per sonal

p r op er ty b. Property is in law f u l possession of

another c. Offender wrongfully takes it from its

law f u l p ossessor d. Pr e jud ice is caused to possessor or 3rd

p er son4. Any person who, to the p r e jud ice of another,

shall execute any f ictitious contract.5. Any person who shall accept any

com p ensation given him under the belief thatit was in payment of ser vices rendered or labo r performed by him, when in fact he d idnot actually perform such ser vices or labo r .

6. Su r ety a. Offender is a su r ety in bond given in a

cr im inal or civil actionb. Guaranteed the f u lf illm en t of such

ob ligation with his r eal property or

p r op er ties c. He sells, mortgages, or, in any other manner encumbers said r eal p r op er ty

d. Such sale, mortgage, or encumbrance is(a) without exp r ess authority from thecourt, or (b) made before the cancellationof h is bond, or (c) before being r elievedfrom the ob ligation contracted by h im

317 Swindling a

Mi nor

1. Offender takes advantage of the inexp er ience or em otions or f eelings of a m inor

2. Induces such minor (a) to assume anob ligation , or (b) to give r elease, or (c) toexecute a transfer of any property right

3. Co nsid er ation is (a) some loan of money, (b)cr ed it or (c) other per sonal p r oper ty

4. Tr ansaction is to the d etr im en t of such m inor 318

Oth er Deceits

Other Deceits : 1. Defr aud ing or d am aging another by any other

deceit not m en tioned in the p r eced ing ar ticles 2. In ter p r eting dreams, by m aking f or ecasts, by

telling fortunes, or by taking advantage of thecredulity of the public in any other sim ilar manner, for profit or gain

319 Rem oval,

Sa le orPledge of

M ort gage dProperty

Acts Pun ishab le: 1. By knowingly r em oving any per sonal

property mortgaged under the Chatt elMortgage Law to any p r ovince or city other than the one in w h ich it was located at thetim e of execu tion of the mortgage, without thew r itt en consent of the mortgagee or h isexecutors, ad m in istr ator s or assigns

2. By selling or p ledging p er sonal p r oper tyalr eady p ledged , or nay part thereof, u nder the terms of the Chatt el Mortgage Law ,

fr audu len t means m ust be made or executed prior to or sim u ltaneou sly w ithcomm iss ion of the fr aud

c. Offended party m u st have r elied on thef alse pretense, fr audu len t act, or fr audu len t means, (indu ced to part w ithh is money or p r op er ty)

d. Damage

- executed prior to or sim u ltaneou sly with thecomm iss ion of the fr aud :

1. By using f ictitiou s name, or f alsely p r etend ingto possess power, inf lu ence, qu alif ications, property, cr ed it, agency, bu siness or im aginar y tr ansactions, or by means of other sim ilar d eceits.

2. By alter ing the quality, f ineness or w eigh t of anyth ing p er tain ing to h is art or bu siness .

3. By p r etend ing to have br ibed any Go ver nm en t em p loyee , without p r e jud ice to the action f or calu m ny w h ich the offended party may deemproper to bring against the offender. In th iscase, the offender shall be pu n ished by them axim u m per iod of the p enalty .

4. By p ost-da ting a check, or issu ing a check inpayment of an ob ligation when the off end er

ther ein were not su ff icien t to cover theamount of the check. The f ailu r e of the d r aw er of the check to d eposit the amount n ecessar yto cover h is check within three (3) days fr omr eceip t of n otice from the bank and / or thepayee or h old er that said check has beend ishonor ed for lack of insu ff iciency of f u ndsshall be prima f acie evid ence of d eceitconstitu ting f alse pretense or fr audu len t act.a. The offender postdated a check, or issued

a check in payment of an ob ligationb. Such p ostdating or issu ing a check w as

done when the offender had no f u nd s inthe bank, or h is f und s d ep osited ther einwere not su ff icien t to cover the am ou ntof the check

5. Fifth Paragrapha. O btain ing any food, refreshment o r

accomm odation at a h otel, inn ,restaurant, bo ar d ing house, lodginghouse or apartment house w ithou tp aying therefore, with in ten t to defr audthe p r op r ietor or manager thereof

b. O btain ing cr ed it any of saidestablishm en ts by the use of f alsep r etenses; or

c. A bandon ing or su rr ep titiou sly r em ovingany part of h is baggage from any of saidestablishm en ts after ob tain ing cr ed it,food, refreshment or accomm odationther ein , without p aying therefore

Through any of the following fraudulent mea n s: 1. Inducing the S ign ing of any Document.

a. Induced offender party to sign ad ocu m en t

b. Deceit be em p loyed to make him signc. Offended party per sonally signed

d ocu m en t d. Pr e jud ice was cau sed

2. By r esor ting to some fr audu len t p r actice to insu r e success in a gam bling game.

3. Co ncealm en t of Recor d s a. A court record, off ice f iles, documents o r

any other pap er s b. Offender removed, concealed or

destroyed any of them c. Offender had in ten t to defraud another

316 Other Fo rm s

of

Other Forms of Sw ind ling: 1. Any person who, p r etend ing to be owner of

any r eal property, shall convey, sell, encumber




without the consent of the mortgagee w r itt enon the back of the mortgage and noted on therecord thereof in the off ice of the r egister of deeds of the p r ovince where such property islocated

320-326B Rep ealed by PD 1613 A m end ing the Law on A r son327

Who AreLiable forM aliciou sMi sch ief

1. Offender deliber ately caused damage to theproperty of another

2. Such act does not constitu te arson or other cr im es involving d estr uction

3. The act of d am aging another ’ s property be

comm itt ed m er ely for the sake of dam aging it.(presupposes that the offender acted due to hate, revenge or other m otive)

328 Special

Cases ofM aliciou sMi sch ief

(Quali fiedM aliciou sMi sch ief)

Special Cases of M ali cious Mi sch ief: 1. Cau sing damage to ob str u ct the performance

of public f u nctions 2. Using any p oisonous or corr osive substance 3. Sp r ead ing any inf ection or con tagion among

catt le 4. Cau sing damage to the property of the

National Mu seu m or N ational Library, or toany ar ch ive or r egistr y , w ater w or ks, road,promenade, or any other thing used incommon by the pu blic

329 Other Mi sch iefs Penalties range accor d ing to valu e of damage

330 Damage andOb stru ct ionto M ea n s ofCommun ica

tion

Electr ic w ir es, tr action cables, signal system, andother things per tain ing to r ailw ays, shall bedeemed to constitu te an in tegr al part of a r ailw aysystem

331 Destr oying/ Dam ag ing

Statu es ,Pub lic

M onum ent s,or Pa int ings

1. Destr oy or damage statues or any other u sef u l or or nam en tal public m onu m en ts

2. Destr oy or damage any u sef u l or or nam en talpainting of a public natu r e

332 Pe rsonsExempt

fromCr im inalLiab ili ty

Exempt ion s : 1. Spouses, ascendants and descendants, or

r elatives by aff in ity in the same line

2. W idow ed spouse with respect to p r oper ty w h ich belonged to the deceased spouse beforethe same shall have passed into the p ossess ionof another a. Property belongs to deceased spouse b. Not passed into the possess ion of a 3rd

p er son3. Brothers and sister s and br other s-in -law and

sister s-in -law , if living together

Ex ce p t i on : n o t a pp li c a b l e t o s t r a n g e r s p a r t i c i p a t i n g i n t h e c o mm i ss i o n of t h e c r i m e




338 Simp le

Sedu ction

1. Offended party is over 12 and under 18 year s of age

2. Of good r epu tation , single or w id ow 3. Offender has sexual in ter cou r se with her 4. Co mm itt ed by means of deceit

339 Acts of

Lasc iviou sness w ith

Consent ofO ffend ed

Pa rty

1. Offender comm its acts of lasciviou sness 2. Co mm itt ed upon a woman who is a virgin or

single or widow of good r epu tation, under 18years of age but over 12 years, or a sister or descendant r egar d less of her r epu tation or age

3. Offender accom p lishes the acts by abuse of authority, conf id ence, r elationsh ip , or d eceit

340 Corrupt ionof Mi n ors

1. Offender is person under age2. Person promotes or f acilitates p r ostitu tion or

corruption of person under age3. Purpose is to satisf y lu st of another

341 White Slave

Trade

Acts Penali zed : 1. Engaging in bu siness of p r ostitu tion2. Profiting by p r ostitu tion3. En listing ser vices of women for p r ostitu tion

342 Fo rcib le

Abdu ction

1. Person abducted is any woman, r egar d less of her age, civil status, or r epu tation

2. Abduction is against her w ill 3. Abduction is with lew d designs

343 Con sent ed Abdu ction

1. Offender m u st be a vir gin2. Over 12 and under 18 years of age3. Taking away m u st be with her consent af ter

solicitation or ca joler y from the off ender 4. Taking away m ust be with lew d d esigns

344 Prosecut ionof Cr imes of

Adu ltery ,Concu-b inage,

Abdu ction ,Rape, and

Acts ofLasc iviou s-

ness

1. A du lter y and concubinage m ust beprosecuted upon com p laint signed by theoffended par ty

2. Sedu ction , abdu ction or acts of lasciviou snessm ust be prosecuted upon com p lain t signedby:a. Offended p ar ty ,b. Her p ar en ts, c. Grandparents, o r d. Gu ar d ians

Pardon 1. A du lter y or Co ncu binage – bars p r osecu tion

of cr im e

- eff ective if made: a. Before institu tion of the cr im inal action , and

b. Both offenders m ust be pardoned by bo thp ar ties

2. Acts of Lasciviou sness , Sedu ction and Abduction – bars p r osecu tion of cr im e a. m u st be E XPRESS b. Before the institu tion of cr im inal action

345 Civil

Liability ofPe rsons

Guilty ofCr imesAga in stCh astity

Sedu ction or A bdu ction : 1. To ind em n if y the offended w om an2. To acknow ledge off sp r ing , un less the law

shou ld prevent him form doing so 3. In every case, to supp or t the off sp r ing

A du lter y or Co ncubinage - Ind em n if y damages caused to off end ed

spou se 346 Liability ofAscend ant s ,Gu ard ians ,Teachers or

Oth erPe rsons

Entru stedw ith

Cu stody

Persons Liable - cooperate as accom p lices but are

pu nished as p r incip als: 1. A scendan ts 2. Guar d ian3. Cu r ator s 4. Teacher s, and5. Any other person, who cooperates as

accom p lice with abuse of authority or conf id en tial r ela tionsh ip

T I TLE XI : C RI M ES AGA I NST CHASTI TY

1. A du l te r y 2. Co n cu b i n a g e 3. Acts of Lasci v i ou sn ess 4. Q u a li f ied Sedu ct i on 5. Si mp le Sedu ct i on 6. Acts of Lasci v i ou sn ess with Co n sen t 7. Corruption of M i n o r s 8. W h i te Sla v e Tr ad e 9. Fo r cib le A b du ct i on 10. Consented A b du ct ion

Crime Elem ent s

333 Who areGuilty ofAdultery

1. Woman is m arr ied 2. Sexu al in ter cou r se with a man not her

hu sband 3. That as regards the man with whom she has

sexu al in ter cou r se, he m u st know her to bem arr ied

334 Concub i-

nage

Ways of Committing Cr ime : 1. By keep ing a m istr ess in the con jugal

dw elling; or 2. By h aving sexu al in ter cou r se, u nd er

scandalou s cir cu m stances, with a woman n oth is w if e; or

3. By cohabiting with her in any other p lace

Elem ent s: 1. That the man m ust be m arr ied 2. That he comm itt ed any of the said acts 3. That as regards the woman, she m ust know

him to be m arr ied 336

Acts of Lasc iviou sn

ess

Elem ent s : 1. Any act of lasciviou sness or lew d ness 2. A gainst a person of either sex3. Done under any of the f ollow ing

cir cu m stances: a. By using force or in tim idation

b. When offended party is d ep r ived of reason or other w ise u nconsciou s c. By means of fr audu len t m ach ination or

grave abuse of au tho r ity d. When offended party is under 12 years of

age or is demented337

Quali fied Se du ction

Two Class es: 1. Sedu ction of a virgin over 12 and under 18

years of age by cer tain persons, such as, aperson in authority, p r iest, teacher, etc.a. Offended party is a vir gin , wh ich is

presumed if she is unm arr ied and of good r epu tation

b. Over 12 and under 18 years of agec. Offender has sexual in ter cou r se with her d. Abuse of authority, conf id ence or

r elationsh ip on the part of the off end er 2. Sedu ction of a sister by her brother, or

descendant by ascendant, r egar d less of her age or r epu ta tion

Offenders in qu alif ied sedu ction : a. Those who abused their au thor ity:

person in public authority, gu ar d ian ,teacher, person who, in any cap acity , isentrusted with the edu cation or cu stodyof the woman sedu ced

b. Those who abused conf id ence reposed inthem: p r iest, house servant, dom estic

c. Those who abused their r elationsh ip :brother who seduced h is sister ,ascendant who seduced h is d escendan t




T I TLE XII : C RI M ES AGA I NST THE C IVIL S TATUS OF P ERSONS

Crime Elem ent s

347 Simu lation

of Birth s

Acts Pun ished : 1. S im u lation of bir ths 2. Su bstitu tion of one ch ild for another 3. Co ncealing or abandon ing any legitim ate ch ild

with in ten t to cause such ch ild to lose its civilstatu s a. Child m u st be legitim ate (and a fully

developed and living being) b. Offender conceals or abandons such ch ild c. Offender has the inten t to cause such ch ild

to lose its civil statu s 348

Usurp ation of Civil Statu s

Usurp ation of Civil Statu s: when a per sonrepresents h im self to be another and assu m es f iliation or par en tal or con ju gal r igh ts of suchanother p er son

Qualifying Circum stance: purpose of defr aud ingoffended party or h eir s

349 Biga my

1. That the offender has been legally m arr ied 2. That the m arr iage has not been legally

d issolved or, in case h is or her spouse is absen t,the absent spouse cou ld not yet be p r esu m eddead accor d ing to the CC

3. That he contracts a second or subsequ en tm arr iage

4. That the second or subsequent m arr iage has allthe essen tial r equ isites for valid ity

Differentiate Concub in age from Biga my :

1. Bigam y is an offense against the civil statu sw hich may be prosecuted at the instance of theS tate; Co ncu binage is a cr im e against chastityand may be prosecuted only at the instance of the offended p ar ty

2. Bigam y is char acter ized by the celebr ation of the 2 nd m arr iage with the f ir st still existing;Co ncubinage is char acter ized by merecohabita tion of the husband with a w om an

350 M arr iage

Contr actedAga in st

Provis ion ofLaw

1. That the offender contracted m arr iage 2. That he knew at the tim e that:

a. r equ ir em en ts of law not com p lied w ith ; or b. the m arr iage was in d isr egar d of a legal

im p ed im en t

351

Prem atur e M arr iage s

Persons Liab le:

1. A widow who m arr ied within 301 days fr om the date of the death of her husband, or beforehaving d eliver ed if she is pregnant at the tim eof h is death

2. A woman, who, her m arr iage having beenann u lled or d issolved , m arr ied before her d eliver y or before the exp ir ation of the p er iodof 301 days after the date of legal separ ation

352 Pe rform ance

of I ll ega lM arr iage

Cerem ony

Persons Liab le : Pr iests or m in ister s of any r eligious denom ination or sect, or civil au thor ities



Rose Rayco's ZOOG Bar Memory Aid (Criminal Law - Book Z of 41

363 Incriminatin

g InnocentPerson

1. That the offender performs an act 2. That bv such act he directly incriminates or

imputeto an innocent persothe commission of a crime

3. That such act does not constitute perimv. 364

Intriguing Against Honor

Intriguing against honor is committed by any person who shall make anv intrigue which has for its principal purpose to blemish the honor or reputationof another person

71509832 criminal law ii bar memory aid

Documents