7.2 u.s. 13 14-moodle
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Spanish American WarTRANSCRIPT
II. The Spanish-American War
U.S. ImperialismChapter 7, Section 2 Moodle
1. Objective
Analyze the reasons that countries gained control of territory through imperialism and the impact on people living in the territory.5. Trace the development of the United States as a world power with emphasis on:a. The Spanish-American War;
2. What new role did the U.S. have after winning the Spanish American War? A quick victory in the Spanish-
American War gave the United States a new role as a world power.
A. Simmering Unrest in Cuba
3. By the 1890s, how did Cubans view Spanish rule over them? p 206
Cuba resented Spain’s rule and wanted independence.
A. Simmering Unrest in Cuba
Write
4. Identify: José Marti
(1853–1895) Cuban
writer and independence fighter; he was killed in battle but became a symbol of Cuba’s fight for freedom.
Write
5. How did José Martí promote the Cuban cause from New
York City? p 207
He founded the Cuban Revolutionary Party and urged Cubans to fight through his writings.
A. Simmering Unrest in Cuba
What role did the media play in
American foreign policy?
Write
6. Did General Weyler’s actions toward civilians help or hinder the Spanish cause? Explain. p 207
He hindered the Spanish cause.
His actions helped to draw the U.S. into the conflict
2. General Weyler
READ: Americans who read about the revolt in Cuba were shocked by General Weyler’s mistreatment of civilians.
Write
What does this primary source political cartoon imply about President McKinley?
What role did the media play in
American foreign policy?
Analyze
B. Americans Get War Fever
7. Identify: William Randolph Hearst
(1863–1951) American journalist; he was famous for sensational news stories, known as yellow journalism, that stirred feelings of nationalism and formed public opinion for the Spanish-American War.
Write
8. Identify: Joseph Pulitzer
Rival editor of Hearst—also wrote yellow journalism
(1847–1911) American journalist and newspaper publisher; he established the Pulitzer Prize for public service and advancement of education.
The newspaper war between Pulitzer and Hearst; drawn in the style of 'The Yellow Kid’
Write
9. Define: What was yellow journalism? P 207
It is sensational style of reporting.
It is biased opinion masquerading as objective fact
READ: What role did the media play in American foreign
policy?
B. Americans Get War Fever
Answer: It help lead to the Spanish-American War
Write
yellow journalism-
yellow journalism--This demonstrates the power of media
The reporting of exaggerated stories in newspapers increaseD sales What role did the media play in American foreign policy?
Read
10. Why was the U.S.S. Maine in Havana Harbor? p 208
To protect U.S. economic interests.
Several American business owners operated sugar cane plantations in Cuba.
They appealed to the U.S. government to protect them and their business interests by fighting against Spain, which controlled Cuba.
Analyze the reasons that countries gain control of territory through imperialism
The explosion of the Maine
Write
11. Why was the sinking of the USS Maine significant? pp 207-208
It promoted the U.S. entry into war.
What role did the media play in
American foreign policy?
B. America Get War Fever
Answer: help lead to the Spanish-American War
Write
12. Was the press irresponsible in covering the buildup to the Spanish-American War? Why or why not? pp 207-208
Press reporting was fictionalized, unbalanced, biased (one sided) reporting. It only reported the Cuban side of the story.
What role did the media play in
American foreign policy?
B. America Get War Fever
Write
13. Define: de Lôme letter
de Lôme letter—primary source
(1898) a letter written by Spain's minister to the United States that was published in a major newspaper; the letter ridiculed President McKinley and outraged many Americans
Write
Reading Check page 208
14. Why did the Journal jump to the conclusion that the Spanish were responsible for the explosion of the Maine?
It jumped to conclusions but had no proof. It had helped to build the tensions between the two countries.
What role did the media play in
American foreign policy?
de Lôme letter
Write
C. The Course of the War
War in the Philippines
Once Commodore Dewey received word that war had been declared, his fleet rushed to Manila Bay in the Philippines.
Read
15. Identify: George Dewey
(1937–1917) Commander of the U.S. Navy’s Asiatic Squadron; he led the attack in the Pacific during the Spanish-American War.
Write
16. Identify: Emilio Aguinaldo
Dewey found a willing partner in Emilio Aguinaldo, leader of a rebel army of Filipino patriots.Filipino rebel army led by him and U.S. fleet defeated Spanish forces in the Philippines
Write
17. How were the Spanish forces in the Philippines defeated? P 209
The Filipino rebel army by land and the U.S. fleet by sea
Write
18. What were the key battles during the Spanish-American War? p 209
Manila Bay (Philippines)
San Juan Hill (Cuba)
How was the United States policy/military used in acquiring new territories?
When the Spanish-American War broke out, Commodore George Dewey’s fleet rushed to the Philippines.
C. The Course of the War
Write
The war in Cuba and Puerto Rico
U.S. sank entire Spanish fleet in Battle of Santiago.
Spanish troops in Cuba surrendered.
U.S. defeated Spanish forces in Puerto Rico.
Read
19. Identify: Rough Riders
a cavalry regiment organized by T. Roosevelt; consisted of college athletes, cowboys, ranchers, miners, and Native Americans
Write
20. Identify: BUFFALO SOLDIERS
The War in Cuba Some 10 African
American regiments were called to serve in the Spanish-American War.
Write
21. Identify: Battle of San Juan Hill
Battle of San Juan Hill--The U.S. military played vital roles in world affairs.
(1898) battle in the Spanish-American War in which 8,000 U.S. soldiers fought to seize control over San Juan Hill
How was the United States policy/military used in acquiring new territories?
Write
Consequences of the war
22. What were the terms of the peace treaty? p 210
Spain gave up Cuba
Ceded Puerto Rico and Guam to the U.S.
Gave up Philippines for $20 million
Write
23. How did the United States benefit from the war?
U.S. gained new territories which were used to resupply navy ships; and some were used as bases for tradeWhy did the
United States become an
imperial power?
Consequences of the warWrite
U.S. businesses reached beyond the country's borders. During the first decade of the new century, the Coca-Cola Company, Quaker Oats, AT&T, the Standard Oil Company, Du Pont, General Electric, and Ford Motor Company seized the opportunity for international sales. After finding international markets, they built factories abroad, taking advantage of lower labor costs in foreign countries. Then they asked for U.S. protection of their investments and interests.
Why did the United States become an imperial power?
Why did the United States become an imperial power? Read
Why did the United States become an imperial power?
Coca-Cola international expansion continued in 1906, when Cuba and Panama became the first foreign countries to bottle Coke.
Read
D. Annexing the Philippines
Arguments for annexation
It is located on the route to China
It could be used as a base to refuel and resupply ships
Why did the United States become an imperial power?
24. Why were the Philippines of strategic importance to the United States? p 211
Write
Opponents’ views
Critical Thinking pp 211-212
Contrasting 25. Fill in the graphic
organizer to record the reasons why some Americans supported annexation of the Philippines and others opposed it.
Supporters
Opponents
U.S. had a duty to spread its beliefs
Annexation violates the U.S. ideals of freedom
Felt U.S. needed it for a naval base
U.S. should address problems at home
Write
Groups who opposed the war:
The Anti-Imperialist League,
the Colored Citizens of Boston,
and AFL leader Samuel Gompers
Samuel Gompers
26. Who opposed annexing the Philippines? p212
2. Opponents’ views
Write
KEY TERMS AND PEOPLE Emilio Aguinaldo
(1869–1964) Self-proclaimed President of the new Philippine Republic in 1899; he fought for Filipino independence from the United States.
Filipino perspective or view point
Read
American rule
27. Why might Emilio Aguinaldo and other Filipino nationalists have felt betrayed by the United States?
Filipino nationalists believed the U.S. would help them.Instead, they ended up with one set of rulers for another.
Write
American rule
Concerning Aguinaldo and other Filipino nationalists, what happened in the Philippines immediately after the United States annexed it as a territory?
The U.S. Army fought Filipino rebels for three years.How was the United States
policy/military used in acquiring new territories?
Read
Reading Check page 212
Identifying: Cause and
Effect 28. What were
some of the effects of American annexation of the Philippines?
• Fighting broke out
• Filipino fighters battled U.S. forces for 3 years
Effect
• Deaths of hundreds of thousands of people
Effect
Analyze impact of Imperialism on people living in the territory
Write
Terms for the Ohio Graduation Test (OGT)
29. Define Perspective
A person’s or group’s point of view—how they view something opposed to how someone else or another group may view it
Ex. White settlers viewed western migration as a good thing. They were getting land at a very low cost through the Homestead Act. Native Americans viewed westward migration as a bad thing. Their buffalo hunting was threatened, and they were forced to move to Indian Reservations.
Read
Write
30. Define Thesis
Thesis—the main idea
You must Support or Justify your thesis.
Ask yourself what information would support the main idea.
Ex. (Main Idea) Newton Falls has an excellent basketball team. (Support) They were in the State championship playoffs.
Write
Read
31. Define Credible
(Credibility—is it believable?)
Write
Credibility—is it believable?
32. Name and explain characteristics that affect the credibility of sources Bias: being one sided and Bias is prejudice
toward or unfair characterization of the members of a particular group
unstated assumptions: what unstated idea does the writer assume to be true
consistency of arguments: Do all the supports of the main idea agree?
logical fallacies: making claims that are so strong or sweeping that you can't really support them
Write
Example: Credible
(Credible (credibility)--credible evidence to support an idea takes more than one source of information—to be credible. It has at least two sources of information that are very similar in their findings Ex. Journal of Medicine states that it is 4-5
times more likely that one gets into an accident while driving and using a cell phone .
State Highway Patrol study finds that accidents are more severe when using the cell phone while driving.
Read
09 Question 18 Explanation The committee members were
selected by the mayor and may or may not have experience with effective park design.
With the appropriate qualifications, the committee members could compose a more credible (believable) report than if the committee members were not qualified to conduct the study.
Read
08 Question 21 Explanation
A report from the Congressional Budget Office would be a credible source (believable) of information on the topic of the effect of tax cuts on the national debt.
The report is generated from an office that employs experts on government economic policy.
Read
06 Question 23 Explanation
By considering a writer’s credentials, students can determine whether he or she is a credible (believable) source of information on a given topic.
Read
09 Question 27 Explanation
Bibliographies list sources that the author has used for his or her research.
To check the credibility (believable) of the source in question, the reader could look at several of these listed sources to make sure that the facts presented are accurate and consistent.
Read
07 Question 2 Explanation
In advertisements of all kinds, the use of information is credible (believable) only when it is consistent with (same as) information from other credible sources.
Read
08 Question 19: Explanation
Primary source is more credible.
Secondary sources are less credible.
07 Question 7 Explanation
Information from independent sources is generally considered credible because the individuals involved have less overall bias towards one product or another,
and are not influenced by financial ties to the producers.
Read
06 Question 31 Explanation
A credible (believable) opinion includes conclusions that logically follow available information
Read
09 Question 44 Explanation
Bias—credibility (believable) Quoting only senators who support
the bill makes the article biased, because it shows readers only the benefits of the bill and does not present any negative aspects of the bill.
33. Define Reliability
Reliability Is it true—factual?
Write
07 Question 18 Explanation
Accurate use of facts will determine the reliability (accuracy) of a source. Inaccuracies (mistakes) demonstrate the unreliability of a source.
Read
09 Question 6 Explanation
Reliability The claim that funding for state
parks has increased in the recent year could be verified (proved factual) by looking at the government’s budget records. Checking budget information would allow a citizen to make sure the claims made by the newspaper are correct.