8 8. movement in plant
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MOVEMENT IN PLANT
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• Based on its stimulus, the movements in plant are grouped into three :
1. HYGROSCOPIC MOVEMENT
2. ENDOGENOUS MOVEMENT
3. EXOGENOUS MOVEMENT /ETIONOM
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HYGROSCOPIC MOVEMENT
• Is movement of part of plant that is caused by the influence of the change of water level from its cells so happens non-homogenous wrinkling
• Example the breaking of dried Calanchoe pinnata fruit (pacar air) the opening of sporangium in fern as the cause of wrinkling annulus cells
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ANULUS
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The opening of sporangium of moss as the cause of the wrinkling peristome cells
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ENDOGENOUS MOVEMENT(autonomic)
• Is movement that is not known yet its cause certainly but predicted this motion is caused by stimulus that comes from the body of plant itself.
• Examplesthe flowing movement of cytoplasm in
cellthe bending movement of leaf bid
because of difference of growth velocity
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EXOGENOUS MOVEMENT(etionom/esionom)
• Is plant movement that it is caused by external stimulus
• External stimulus such as : Light, gravity, water, touch, and chemical substance
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The various kinds of exogenous movements
in plants
1. Tropism movement2. Nastic movement3. Taxis movement
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TROPISM MOVEMENT
• Is movement of part of plant to stimulus that is movement direction is determined by the stimulus
• Kinds of tropism1. phototropism2. geotropism3. chemotropism4. thigmotropism5. hydrotropism
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PHOTOTROPISM• Is tropism movement
that caused by stimulus of light
• Examples
the tip of plant that lies in room
will bend to direction of incident light
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GEOTROPISM• Is tropism movement that follows earth
gravitational force• positive geotropism is geotropism
movement that its direction is downward• Negative geotropism is geotropism
movement that its direction upward
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GEOTROPISM
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CHEMOTROPISM
• Is tropism movement that is caused by chemical substances stimulus
• Example : the movement of root to food/fertilizer substance in soil
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THIGMOTROPISM • Is tropism movement that is caused by
stimulus of touch to harder thing
• Example
Tendril of plant movement
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HYDROTROPISM
• Is the movement of plant root that is influenced by reservation of soil water.
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NASTIC MOVEMENT• Is plant movement to stimulus, that its
direction is not determined by stimulus but by plant itself
• Kind of nastic movement1. photonasty2. nictinasty3. thigmonasty4. thermonasty5. complex nasty
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PHOTONASTIC• Is nasty movement that its caused by
stimulus of light
• example
the opening of Mirabilis jalapa flower at certain time
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NICTINASTY• Is nasty movement that its caused by
dark condition (sleeping movement)
• Examples the closing of Butterfly flower ‘s leaves at night the closing of compound leaves of Leucaena glauca at night
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THIGMONASTY/seismonasty
• Is nasty movement that it’s caused by stimulus of touch
• Example
the closing of leaves
of Mimosa pudica
when touched
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THERMONASTY
• Is nasty movement that is caused by temperature stimulus
• Example Tulip flower will
bloom if suddently get temperature increasement
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COMPLEX NASTY• Is nasty movement that is caused by
several factors altogether
• Example the opening and closing of stomata is influenced by light, chemical substance and water
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Picture The Opening And Closing Of Stomata
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TAXIS MOVEMENT
• Is transfer movement of all part of plant to stimulus that its direction is determined by the stimulus
• Kinds of taxis movement1. phototaxis2. chemotaxis
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PHOTOTAXIS• Is taxis movement that is caused by
stimulus of light
• Example the movement of chlorophyll to surface/nearer surface the leaves to get the light
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CHEMOTAXIS
• Is the taxis movement that is caused by chemical substances stimulus.
• Example movement of spermatozoid of moss and fern to ovum that is found in archegonium attracted to the sugar or protein that is produced by archegonium
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Do The Exercise Chapter 8
Page 199 – 200Multiple Choices and Essay
Just The AnswersDo on your notebook
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Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of GIS JH
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