Presented By:

Vansh Kumar

CSE final year

1335051248

PIXEL

DEFINITION-In digital imaging,a pixel is a

smallest controllable elements of a picture (Building block of a picture).

PIXEL DENSITY-Number of pixels in certain

space.Usually measured in PPI.

PPI(Pixel Per Inch)-Number of pixel per inch.

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RESOLUTION

• DEFINITION-Number of distinct pixels in each dimention that can be displayed.

• AVAILABLE RESOLUTIONS-*2K*4K*8K

What is 8k?

8k denotes a very specific display resolution of

7680*4320 pixels.

8k refers to any display resolution that has roughly

7000 horizontal pixels.

An additional feature : 2k resolution data can easily

be extracted from 8k resolution data.

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HDTV-TOTAL PIXELS=2,000,000 PIXELSPPI=102 PIXEL PER INCH

IPHONE-

TOTAL PIXEL=700,000 PIXELS

PPI=326 PIXEL PER INCH

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8K IMAGING SYSTEM

Developed for use in next generation TV

broadcasting systems.

Two methods of 8k camera systems :

a) Four Sensor Imaging Method .

b) Three 33-MPIXEL image sensors.

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FOUR SENSOR IMAGING

METHOD

Meets the practical demands for the prototype camera systems.

To obtain high resolution and high quality pictures uses:

two image sensors for sensing green light.

one sensor for red light.

one for blue light.8

STRUCTURE OF COLOR

SEPARATION PRISMIncident light split into four:

two green.

one red.

one blue (GGRB).

Send to respective image sensors.

A half mirrored beam splitter inserted.

Spatially offset the pixels of the two green sensors. 9

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• Incident light is separated into four color and divided in to….• Two green, one red, and one blue (GGRB).• Three-sensor imaging system (RGB) used in commercial and broadcast video cameras.• Prism for the four-sensor system can be made as small as the conventional RGB prism.

Structure of the color separation prism developed for the four- sensor imaging system.

FOUR SENSOR METHOD

Relatively high sensitivity.

Maintains a high dynamic

range.

Reduces the cost of sensors

to a great extent.

Increases transfer capacity.

Widens the dynamic range.

Improves the blooming

characteristics.

Increases the power

consumption.

Increases the size of the

camera by the use of more

than one sensor.

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

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THREE 33-MPIXEL CMOS

IMAGE SENSOR

Consumes relatively more power.

Has a high volume of signal processing devices.

Configuration is divided into the camera head and

CCU(camera control unit).

The camera head has:

image sensors.

head boards for driving the sensors.

a signal transmission interface for transmitting

data to the CPU. 12

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Practical 8k camera with four-sensor image system

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8K FORMAT

A new resolution standard.

Designed for digital cinema and computer graphics.

Advantages:

a) Higher image definition quality.

b) More detailed picture.

c) Faster action.

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PIXEL DENSITIES

1920 * 1080 pixels referred to as 2k.

4096 * 2160 pixels referred to as 4k.

7680 * 4320 pixels referred to as 8k.

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The Staircase To Quality Heaven

1990s 2004 ….2013….2011 …2018

DIGITALStandard TV

625 –lines

Legacy HDTV1080i/25 &

720p50Stereo 3DTVtwo ½ HD

images

Transitionanalogue to digital

TransitionSDTV to HDTV HD

Master Format

1080p/50Progressive

3DTVTwo normal

HDTV

images

Transitionto 1080p/50

(full HD) 4kProgressive

Higher Frame rate?

More colours?

3DTVTwo normal

HDTV

images

4k(Ultra HD1)

8k Ultra HDTV

ProgressiveHigher Frame

rate?More colours?

Higher Contrast?

3DTVMultiview

8k (16 x HDUltra HD 2)

Imm

ersi

ve Q

ual

ity

?

?

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APPLICATIONS

*Recording of surgeries and medical diagnostic processes for educational purposes

-Transmissions during symposiums and conferences

-High quality materials for medicine students

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8K APPLICATIONS: SECURITY AND MONITORING

issue: face recognition in a crowd at airports, train stations and during mass events (e.g.

stadiums)

Many details on single 8K frame – the powerful source for image processing

Useful for police, border services and others security units

Constraints:

scalability,

processing

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8K APPLICATIONS: CAD/CAM PROJECTS

Automotive design

Design and digital visualisation of 3D car models

Tests of safety, aerodynamics and ergonomic solutions

Architecture and urban planning

Design and visualisation of buildings and engineering constructions models

Tests of ergonomic and functionality as well as strength and safety of constructions

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8K LIVE TECHNOLOGY, VIDEO CONFERENCING AND BROADCASTING

4K/8K Public Screening

More over two of the four image sensors are used for sensing green signals and one for red and blue signals, this feature enables to improve the luminance signal resolution and to chromatic aberration to obtain extremely high resolution images.These technologies for very high resolution

imaging can be used for making various shvcontent such as live sporting,digital cinemas and medical application.

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