8 th grade noor hussain idt 7062 dr. philips dr. murdock

8th grade Noor Hussain

IDT 7062

Dr. PhilipsDr. Murdock

Instructions and Navigation

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Home Navigation Overview Content Guided Practice Quiz References


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Physical Science Overview

What is physical science? Physical science is the study of the

physical world around you! Today you get to learn about the

many things that occur around you all of the time, such as

energy, the conversion of energy, alternative energy, such as

solar panels, magnets, and magnetism. Energy, as lightening

Magnetic Fields

Solar Panels


Energy

Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change from one form of energy into another.

Why do you think that is?

All laws of physics, including this one, result from observations,

making predictions, and testing them. Our world and our ideas of

how things work around us would be quite different if energy could

be created or destroyed. But, energy can be converted into

different forms though. For example, mechanical energy is

converted into heat energy by the heating of the car’s brakes when

it slows down. Chemical energy in gasoline can be converted to

both heat energy (heating the engine) and mechanical energy

(making the car move). Batteries are another good example of

energy conversion. Batteries transform chemical energy into

electrical energy by giving up its electrons.

Albert Einstein


What is energy?

Energy is the capacity of a physical system to do work. In other words, energy is motion, the power to overcome physical resistance or to effect physical change. There are several different types of energy! Let’s take a look and find out more!

A ball flying through the air has kinetic energy.

A book sitting on a table has gravitational energy; if it is nudged off gravity will accelerate the book, giving it kinetic energy.

A hot cup of coffee has thermal energy; the molecules in the coffee are moving and vibrating due to the heat.

Batteries store energy in the form of chemical energy; Batteries are made up of two types of chemicals, separated by an electrolyte. When being used, batteries transform chemical energy into electrical energy.

Lightening is a form of electrical energy. Static cling is another form of electrical energy.

Magnets posses energy too! It’s called magnetic energy. The planetary poles and compasses are other examples of this type of energy.

Light is always in motion and cannot be stored. X-rays, microwaves, and solar waves are all forms of light energy.


Let’s soak up the sun! Solar panels are made up of solar cells.

These cells are also called photovoltaic cells, which means it

converts the energy of light, from the sun, directly into electricity.

Photovoltaic cells are the building blocks of solar panels. The best

places for solar panels to be set up are in open spaces so the sun

can shine directly on them; nothing should be covering them up.

Solar energy is light energy, from the heat and light

produced by the sun. Harnessed by humans, solar energy is

clean, meaning it uses no fossil fuels. Solar energy is also

the primary source of energy for all life forms.


Magnetic energy can be used to attract certain types of metals. Materials, mainly metals such as iron,

nickel, and cobalt can be permanently turned into magnets; they are ferromagnetic materials.

Ferromagnetic materials are susceptible in having a large positive reaction to external magnetic fields,

which means they exhibit a strong attraction to magnetic fields. Ferromagnetic materials are also better

able to retain their magnetic properties after the external magnetic field is removed.

When ferromagnetic material is in an unmagnitized state, its large number of atoms are

almost randomly organized and the magnetic field of the part as a whole is zero. When the magnetizing

force is applied, the atoms become aligned to produce a strong magnetic field within the part.


Guided Practice

1. Three examples of light energy are __________, ____________, and ______________.

2. Chemical energy in gasoline can be converted to both _________ energy and _________ energy.

3. When ferromagnetic material is in an __________ state, its atoms are almost randomly organized.

4. Solar energy is the _________ source of energy for all life forms.

5. ____________ and ______________ are two forms of electrical energy.


Quiz time!

There are a total of 5 questions on the quiz. If you need to look back at a section for

help, you may do so, then return to the quiz. Click on the topic below to go to that

question. Good Luck!

Quiz Questions

1. Energy

2. Solar energy

3. Solar Panels

4. Batteries

5. Magnets


1. Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change its __________________.

A. Form

B. Mind

C. Charge

D. Position

Energy(1) The capacity for

work.(2) The ability to do

work, or produce change.


2. Solar panels are also known as ________________________ cells.

A. Photochromatic

B. Channeling

C. Quantum

D. Photovolatic

Solar PanelsA panel designed to absorb the sun’s rays for generating electricity or heat. An inverter changes the direct current to an alternating current of electricity, which can be used in homes.


3. Which of the following is the best location for a solar panel?

A. Shaded by the trees

B. On the roof

C. In the basement

D. Near a water source


4. Batteries transform ________________ energy into electrical energy.

A. Mechanical

B. Electrical

C. Chemical

D. Physical

BatteryA container consisting of one or more cells carrying an electric charge, used as a source of power.


5. Which of the following is NOT a magnetic material?

A. Iron

B. Nickel

C. Tin

D. Cobalt

Magnetic MaterialA material exhibiting ferromagnetism.

FerromagnetismThe property of being strongly attracted to either pole of a magnet


References

1. New Mexico Solar Energy AssociationNmsea.org


2. Non-destructive Technology ndt-ed.org

8 th grade noor hussain idt 7062 dr. philips dr. murdock

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