Ch. 1 Sec. 1Elements & Atoms

ACTIVITY-NUTS & BOLTS

• Assemble as many elements & compounds as you can (at least 15) from the materials provided.

• Draw pictures & name each element & compound.

bolt

Bl

hex nut

Hx

1 bolt & 1 hex nut = BlHx

Activity- Nuts & Bolts Naming elements & compounds

Picture Chemical Symbol Element or Compound

small bolt So Elarge bolt Bb E

hex nut (H) Hx E

small bolt + hex nut

SbH C

small bolt + 2 hex nuts

SbH 2 C

*Challenge* Make & name a compound with 6 different pieces of hardware!

Activity- Nuts & Bolts Naming elements & compounds

Hardware Picture Chemical Symbol Element or Compound

matter•anything that has mass & takes up space

elements •simplest pure substances

•cannot be broken down into any other substances

Elements are the building blocks of matter.

compounds•pure substance made of 2 or more elements chemically combined in a specific ratio

•sugar

mixture• 2 or more pure substances

• not chemically combined

There are two different substances in this mixture.

atom•smallest particle of an element

model• physical, mental, visual, & other representations of an idea

• to help people understand a concept that they cannot observe directly

scientific theory• well-tested idea that explains & connects a wide range of observations

scientist discovery model

John Dalton

J.J. Thomson

negatively charged particles -positively charged particles

Ernest Rutherford

positively charged nucleus

Look in TB on pg. 8

scientist discovery model

Niels Bohr

electrons move in certain orbits around nucleus

1920’s scientists

electrons can be anywhere in a cloudlike region around nucleus

James Chadwick

discovered neutron

PARTS OF AN ATOM

• nucleus= central core of atom

• proton= positive electric charge

• neutron= no charge

• electron= negative charge