9-1 chapter 9 - communication department of information technology, radford university itec 352...
DESCRIPTION
9-3 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Modem Communication Communication over a telephone line with modems:TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
Principles of Computer ArchitectureMiles Murdocca and Vincent Heuring
Chapter 9: Communication
![Page 2: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
9-2 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
Chapter Contents9.1 Modems9.2 Transmission Media9.3 Network Architecture: Local Area Networks9.4 Communication Errors and Error Correcting Codes9.5 Network Architecture: The Internet9.6 Case Study: Asynchronous Transfer Mode
![Page 3: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
9-3 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
Modem Communication• Communication over a telephone line with modems:
![Page 4: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
9-4 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
Modulation Schemes• Three common forms of modulation:
![Page 5: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
9-5 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
Pulse Code Modulation• Conversion of an analog signal into a PCM binary sequence:
![Page 6: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
9-6 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
Ideal vs. Transmitted Waves
![Page 7: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
9-7 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
Transmission Media
• Transmisson media. (a) Two-wire open lines; (b) twisted-pair lines; (c) coaxial cable; (d) optical fiber; (e)satellites.
![Page 8: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
9-8 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
The Seven Layers of the OSI Model
![Page 9: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9-9 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
A Few Network Topologies• (a) Bus; (b) ring; and (c) star network topologies.
![Page 10: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
9-10 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
Parity• Even parity bits are assigned to a few ASCII characters:
![Page 11: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
9-11 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
Check Bits• Check bits for a single error correcting ASCII code:
![Page 12: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
9-12 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
SEC coded ‘a’• Format for a single error correcting ASCII code:
![Page 13: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
9-13 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
SEC Coded ‘d’• Parity computation for an ASCII character in an SEC code:
![Page 14: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
9-14 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
3-Bit SEC Hypercube• Hamming distance relationships among three-bit codewords.
Valid codewords are 000 and 111. The remaining codewords represent errors.
![Page 15: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
9-15 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
LRC and VRC Checking• Combined LRC and VRC checking. Checksum bits form even
parity for each column.
![Page 16: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
9-16 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
Cyclic Redundancy Checking
![Page 17: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
9-17 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
Internet Protocol Stack• Layering in the TCP/IP protocol suite:
![Page 18: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
9-18 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
IPv4 Address Classes
![Page 19: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
9-19 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
Encapsulation• Encapsulation in the TCP/IP protocol suite:
![Page 20: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
9-20 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
Hub vs. Router vs.
Switch
• Configurations shown for (a) a hub; (b) a router; and (c) a switch.
![Page 21: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
9-21 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
Self-Routing Switch• A 44 self-routing switch based on the bubblesort algorithm:
![Page 22: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
9-22 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
TDM vs. ATM• (a) Time division multiplexing vs. (b) asynchronous transfer mode.
![Page 23: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
9-23 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
Format of an ATM Packet• Format of an ATM packet. (a) User-to-network interface (UNI) format; and (b) network-to-network interface (NNI)
format.
![Page 24: 9-1 Chapter 9 - Communication Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization Principles of Computer Architecture](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052514/5a4d1b167f8b9ab059991a06/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
9-24 Chapter 9 - Communication
Department of Information Technology, Radford University ITEC 352 Computer Organization
Simple ATM Network