9. appendix ix - quantitative reasoning in business administration - findings and actions

8/2/2019 9. Appendix IX - Quantitative Reasoning in Business Administration - Findings and Actions

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Appendix IX: Quantitative Reasoning in Business Administration: Findings and Actions

A different test was designed to measure logical-mathematical reasoning skills and administered to students

from the College of Business Administration who take the Pre-Calculus (Quantitative MethodsMECU 3031)course. Faculty members who teach the course prepared the test. Findings revealed that 15.5% of the students

achieved the expected performance level of 15 correct test items (70%). Approximately 48% of the studentsachieved a performance level of 12 or more correct answers (57%).

Findings were discussed with faculty and with Department Chairperson. A revised version of the CBA-LMRTwas approved and administered as a Departmental final examination in all course sections allowing the use of

calculators as is permitted in classes1. Findings revealed that 72% of the students (out of a total of 145)

achieved a performance level of 15 correct answers or more (70% or more), thus achieving the expected

outcome proposed by the quantitative methods faculty. Although these findings significantly surpass previoussemester results, the CBA-LMRT will be administered again in May 2012 in order to compare results under

similar administration conditions (i.e, use of calculator permitted and as a final departmental exam).Faculty members who teach this course proposed the following transforming actions:

Exchange application type exercises among professors from different departments. Offer a Summer Immersion program in Quantitative Methods during the 2012 summer session geared

to recently admitted Business Administration freshmen students who obtained low scores in the

Mathematics Achievement section of the College Board College Entrance Examination.

Revise the course content in the Quantitative Methods courses: MECU 3001 (General Mathematics),MECU 3031 (Pre-Calculus), and MECU 3032 (Calculus).

Create a website geared to Quantitative Methods students to reinforce topics discussed in classes. Strengthen the Quantitative Methods tutoring program.

1 As discussed in assessment literature (Banta & Palomba, 1999; Suskie, 2009; Walvoord & Anderson, 2010), studentsperform better in course embedded assignments, especially when it counts towards their grade.


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University of Puerto Rico

Rio Piedras Campus

Dean of Academic Affairs

Office of Evaluation of Student Learning

College of Business Administrations Logical Mathematical Reasoning Test (CBA -LMRT) Results - May 2011

ItemArea of

competence

Specific competency

(learning outcome)

Experts

Delta

Difficulty

Index

Equivalent

Delta

Discrimination

IndexComments

1 RepresentationAnalyze and visualize geometric

concepts11 0.707 11 0.53

Low difficulty, h

discrimination

2 Evaluation

Understand the relation between

quantitative information and its

different representations

15 0.177 17 0.31High difficulty, g

discrimination

3 Computation

Use quantitative competencies to

analyze and solve everyday situations

and mathematical related problems of

their field of study

12 0.655 11 0.44Medium difficu

high discriminat

4 Evaluation





high discriminat

5 Computation






high discriminat

6 Computation


analyze and solve in everyday

situations and related to their field of

study


low discriminat

7 Evaluation




14 0.745 11 0.35Low difficulty, g

discrimination

8 Evaluation





high discriminat


3/35

ItemArea of

competence

Specific competency

(learning outcome)

Experts

Delta

Difficulty

Index

Equivalent

Delta

Discrimination

IndexComments

9 Evaluation




15 0.891 8 0.13

Very low difficu

very low

discrimination

10 Representation Develop and interpret graphs 8 0.687 11 0.16Low difficulty, v

low discriminat

11 Representation Interpret graphs 11 0.697 11 0.38Low difficulty, g

discrimination


concepts15 0.659 11 0.25

Low difficulty,

discrimination


concepts10 0.584 12 0.51

Medium difficu

high discriminat

14 Evaluation


generate, understand, and analyze an

argument

18 0.268 16 0.35High difficulty, g

discrimination


concepts14 0.179 17 0.16

High difficulty, v

low discriminat

16 Computation Solving equations 9 0.50 13 0.51Medium difficu

high discriminat

17 Evaluation





good discrimina

18 Computation Operations with functions 10 0.642 12 0.47Medium difficu

high discriminat

19 Computation Solving equations 9 0.589 12 0.42Medium difficu

high discriminat


4/35

ItemArea of

competence

Specific competency

(learning outcome)

Experts

Delta

Difficulty

Index

Equivalent

Delta

Discrimination

IndexComments

20 ComputationAnalyze and visualize geometric

concepts10 0.377 14 0.42

Medium difficu

high discriminat

21 Computation





12 0.352 15 0.49Low difficulty, h

discrimination

Global test delta: 12.6Medium difficulty test Internal consistency index (reliabilityCronbachs alpha): 0.660

Global test difficulty index: 0.55

Item difficulty Item discrimination

College Boards

Delta indexDifficulty

Percentage of students

that answered correctly

Number of items

in the testIndex Discrimination

Number of item

the test

6 - 8 Very low 95 - 90 1 0.40 High 11

9 - 11 low 85 - 70 5 0.39 - 0.30 Good 5

12 - 14 Medium 60 - 40 10 0.29 - 0.20 Low - Can be revised 2 Check diffic

instructions

alternativ15 - 19 High 30 - 5 4 .19

Very low - Does not

discriminate3

Negative

Does not discriminate

and should be

eliminated

0

Notes:

The CBA-LMRT was administered from May 16 th to the 24th to 165 students out of a total of 228 enrolled in 10 sections of theQuantitative Methods (MECU 3031) course. A total of 72% of the students enrolled in MECU 3031 course sections participated in this

assessment.

The item difficulty appreciation by experts (delta) of the College Board was established prior to the administration of the CBA-LMRT.An equivalent delta index was calculated using item difficulty statistics to establish a degree of agreement between experts itemdifficulty appreciation and test results.

The item difficulty index indicates the proportion of students that answered each item correctly.


5/35

University of Puerto Rico

Rio Piedras Campus

Dean of Academic Affairs

Office of Evaluation of Student Learning

College of Business Administrations Logical Mathematical Reasoning Test (CBA -LMRT) ResultsDecember, 2011

ItemArea of

competence

Specific competency

(learning outcome)

Experts

Delta

Difficulty

Index

Equivalent

Delta

Discrimination

IndexComments


concepts11 0.89 8 0.22

Low difficulty,

discrimination

2 Evaluation





high discriminat

3 Computation





12 0.73 11 0.43Low difficulty, g

discrimination

4 Evaluation





discrimination

5 Computation





13 0.88 8 0.20Low difficulty,

discriminatio

6 Computation


analyze and solve in everyday

situations and related to their field of

study


high discriminat

7 Evaluation




14 .918 7 0.02Low difficulty, v

low discriminat

8 Evaluation




14 0.79 10 0.24Low difficulty,

discrimination


6/35

ItemArea of

competence

Specific competency

(learning outcome)

Experts

Delta

Difficulty

Index

Equivalent

Delta

Discrimination

IndexComments

9 Evaluation




15 0.97 6 0.04Low difficulty, v

low discriminat

10 Representation Develop and interpret graphs 8 0.79 10 0.10Low difficulty, v

low discriminat

11 Representation Interpret graphs 11 0.74 11 0.33Low difficulty, g

discrimination


concepts15 0.79 10 0.12

Low difficulty, v

low discriminat


concepts10 0.81 10 0.31

Low difficulty, g

discrimination

14 Evaluation


generate, understand, and analyze an

argument

18 0.57 12 0.18

Medium difficu

very low

discrimination


concepts14 0.21 16 0.00

High difficulty, v

low discriminat

16 Computation Solving equations 9 0.72 11 0.49Low difficulty, h

discrimination

17 Evaluation




14 0.84 9 0.18Low difficulty, v

low discriminat

18 Computation Operations with functions 10 0.67 11 0.27Low difficulty,

discriminatio

19 Computation Solving equations 9 0.801 10 0.22Low difficulty,

discrimination


7/35

ItemArea of

competence

Specific competency

(learning outcome)

Experts

Delta

Difficulty

Index

Equivalent

Delta

Discrimination

IndexComments

20 ComputationAnalyze and visualize geometric

concepts10 0.801 10 0.33

Low difficulty, g

discrimination

21 Computation






discrimination


concepts


good discrimina

Global test delta: 10.5Low difficulty test Internal consistency index (reliabilityCronbachs alpha): .660

Global test difficulty index: .284 Median score: 17

Item difficulty Item discrimination

College BoardsDelta index

DifficultyPercentage of students

that answered correctly

Number of items

in the testIndex Discrimination

Number of item

the test

6 - 8 Very Low 95 - 90 4 0.40 High 7

9 - 11 Low 85 - 70 14 0.39 - 0.30 Good 3

12 - 14 Medium 60 - 40 3 0.29 - 0.20 Low - Can be revised 5 Check difficu

instructions,

alternative15 - 19 High 30 - 5 1 0.19

Very lowDoes notdiscriminate

7

Negative

Does not discriminate

and should beeliminated

0

Notes:

The CBA-LMRT was administered as a final exam in December 11th, 2011 to 146 students out of a total of 260 enrolled in nine sectionsof the Quantitative Methods (MECU 3031) course. A total of 56% of the students enrolled in MECU 3031 course sections participated

in this assessment.

The item difficulty appreciation by experts (delta) of the College Board was established prior to the administration of the CBA-LMRT.An equivalent delta index was calculated using item difficulty statistics to establish a degree of agreement between exper ts item

difficulty appreciation and test results.

The item difficulty index indicates the proportion of students that answered each item correctly.


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Descriptive Statistics of the College of Business Administrations Logical Mathematical Reasoning Test (CBA-LMRT)

Administration Results - May 2011


9/35

Descriptive Statistics of the College of Business Administrations Logical Mathematical Reasoning Test (CBA -LMRT)

Administration Results - December 2011

Statistics

Total

N Valid 146

Missing 0

Mean 16.11

Median 17.00

Mode 18

Std. Deviation 3.272

Skewness -.748

Std. Error of Skewness .201

Kurtosis -.031

Std. Error of Kurtosis .399

Minimum 6

Maximum 22

Sum 2352


10/35

Distribution of Students Total Score in the College of Business Administrations Logical Mathematical Reasoning Test (CBA-

LMRT) Administration Results - May 2011

Expected outcome: 70% of the students enrolled in MECU 3031 will obtain a score of 15 points or higher.

Findings: As presented on the table, 77.6% of the students achieved a score of 14 or lower. Therefore, only 22.4% of the students obtained a

score of 15 points or higher. The goal was not met.

Median score: 11


11/35

Distribution of Students Total Score in the College of Business Administrations Logical Mathematical Reasoning Test (CBA-

LMRT) Administration Results - December, 2011

Total

Frequency Percent Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 6 1 .7 .7 .7

8 2 1.4 1.4 2.1

9 2 1.4 1.4 3.4

10 7 4.8 4.8 8.2

11 4 2.7 2.7 11.0

12 9 6.2 6.2 17.1

13 5 3.4 3.4 20.5

14 11 7.5 7.5 28.1

15 12 8.2 8.2 36.3

16 12 8.2 8.2 44.5

17 18 12.3 12.3 56.8

18 28 19.2 19.2 76.0

19 19 13.0 13.0 89.0

20 9 6.2 6.2 95.2

21 6 4.1 4.1 99.3

22 1 .7 .7 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

Expected outcome: 70% of the students enrolled in MECU 3031 will obtain a score of 15 points or higher.

Findings: As presented on the table, 28.1% of the students achieved a score of 14 or lower. Therefore, 71.9% of the students obtained a

score of 15 points or higher. The goal was met.

Median score: 17


12/35

Students Item Alternatives Selection Distribution in the College of Business Administrations Logical

Mathematical Reasoning Test (CBA-LMRT) Administration Results - May 2011

Item 1

Frequency Percent Valid PercentCumulative

Percent

Valid 1 .6 .6 .6

A 20 12.1 12.1 12.7B 8 4.8 4.8 17.6

C 116 70.3 70.3 87.9

D 16 9.7 9.7 97.6

E 4 2.4 2.4 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 1


Percent

Valid Incorrect 48 29.1 29.3 29.3

Correct 116 70.3 70.7 100.0

Total 164 99.4 100.0Missing System 1 .6

Total 165 100.0

Item 2


Percent

Valid 1 .6 .6 .6

A 86 52.1 52.1 52.7

B 20 12.1 12.1 64.8

C 13 7.9 7.9 72.7D 29 17.6 17.6 90.3

E 16 9.7 9.7 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 2


Percent


Correct 29 17.6 17.7 100.0

Total 164 99.4 100.0

Missing System 1 .6

Total 165 100.0


13/35

Item 3


Cumulative

Percent

Valid A 23 13.9 13.9 13.9

B 13 7.9 7.9 21.8

C 108 65.5 65.5 87.3

D 10 6.1 6.1 93.3

E 11 6.7 6.7 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 3


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 108 65.5 65.5 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 4


Percent

Valid 1 .6 .6 .6

A 33 20.0 20.0 20.6

B 23 13.9 13.9 34.5

C 31 18.8 18.8 53.3

D 71 43.0 43.0 96.4

E 6 3.6 3.6 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 4


Percent


Correct 71 43.0 43.3 100.0

Total 164 99.4 100.0

Missing System 1 .6

Total 165 100.0


14/35

Item 5


Cumulative

Percent

Valid A 103 62.4 62.4 62.4

B 21 12.7 12.7 75.2

C 25 15.2 15.2 90.3

D 11 6.7 6.7 97.0

E 5 3.0 3.0 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 5


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 103 62.4 62.4 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 6


Percent

Valid 4 2.4 2.4 2.4

A 20 12.1 12.1 14.5

B 37 22.4 22.4 37.0

C 91 55.2 55.2 92.1

D 8 4.8 4.8 97.0

E 5 3.0 3.0 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 6


Percent


Correct 91 55.2 56.5 100.0

Total 161 97.6 100.0

Missing System 4 2.4

Total 165 100.0


15/35

Item 7


Percent

Valid A 2 1.2 1.2 1.2

B 29 17.6 17.6 18.8

C 5 3.0 3.0 21.8

D 123 74.5 74.5 96.4

E 6 3.6 3.6 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 7


Percent


Correct 123 74.5 74.5 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 8


Cumulative

Percent

Valid A 57 34.5 34.5 34.5

B 107 64.8 64.8 99.4

C 1 .6 .6 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 8


Percent


Correct 107 64.8 64.8 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0


16/35

Item 9


Cumulative

Percent

Valid A 8 4.8 4.8 4.8

B 1 .6 .6 5.5

C 147 89.1 89.1 94.5

D 1 .6 .6 95.2

E 8 4.8 4.8 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 9


Percent


Correct 147 89.1 89.1 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 10

Frequency Percent Valid Percent CumulativePercent

Valid 2 1.2 1.2 1.2

A 112 67.9 67.9 69.1

B 15 9.1 9.1 78.2

C 17 10.3 10.3 88.5

D 14 8.5 8.5 97.0

E 5 3.0 3.0 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 10


Percent


Correct 112 67.9 68.7 100.0

Total 163 98.8 100.0


Total 165 100.0


17/35

Item 11


Cumulative

Percent

Valid A 29 17.6 17.6 17.6

B 115 69.7 69.7 87.3

C 9 5.5 5.5 92.7

D 4 2.4 2.4 95.2

E 8 4.8 4.8 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 11


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 115 69.7 69.7 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 12


Percent

Valid 1 .6 .6 .6

A 24 14.5 14.5 15.2

B 10 6.1 6.1 21.2

C 15 9.1 9.1 30.3

D 108 65.5 65.5 95.8

E 7 4.2 4.2 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 12


Percent


Correct 108 65.5 65.9 100.0

Total 164 99.4 100.0

Missing System 1 .6

Total 165 100.0


18/35

Item 13


Cumulative

Percent

Valid 4 2.4 2.4 2.4

A 94 57.0 57.0 59.4

B 14 8.5 8.5 67.9

C 24 14.5 14.5 82.4D 17 10.3 10.3 92.7

E 12 7.3 7.3 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 13


Percent


Correct 94 57.0 58.4 100.0

Total 161 97.6 100.0


Total 165 100.0

Item 14


Percent

Valid 8 4.8 4.8 4.8

A 8 4.8 4.8 9.7

B 22 13.3 13.3 23.0

C 55 33.3 33.3 56.4

D 30 18.2 18.2 74.5

E 42 25.5 25.5 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 14


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 42 25.5 26.8 100.0

Total 157 95.2 100.0


Total 165 100.0


19/35

Item 15


Cumulative

Percent

Valid 3 1.8 1.8 1.8

A 29 17.6 17.6 19.4

B 21 12.7 12.7 32.1

C 19 11.5 11.5 43.6

D 8 4.8 4.8 48.5

E 85 51.5 51.5 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 15


Percent


Correct 29 17.6 17.9 100.0

Total 162 98.2 100.0


Total 165 100.0

Item 16


Percent

Valid 3 1.8 1.8 1.8

A 34 20.6 20.6 22.4

B 81 49.1 49.1 71.5

C 30 18.2 18.2 89.7

D 13 7.9 7.9 97.6

E 4 2.4 2.4 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 16


Percent


Correct 81 49.1 50.0 100.0

Total 162 98.2 100.0


Total 165 100.0


20/35

Item 17


Cumulative

Percent

Valid A 19 11.5 11.5 11.5

B 107 64.8 64.8 76.4

C 9 5.5 5.5 81.8

D 23 13.9 13.9 95.8

E 7 4.2 4.2 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 17


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 107 64.8 64.8 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 18


Percent

Valid 3 1.8 1.8 1.8

A 4 2.4 2.4 4.2

B 21 12.7 12.7 17.0

C 104 63.0 63.0 80.0

D 7 4.2 4.2 84.2

E 26 15.8 15.8 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 18


Percent


Correct 104 63.0 64.2 100.0

Total 162 98.2 100.0


Total 165 100.0


21/35

Item 19


Cumulative

Percent

Valid 2 1.2 1.2 1.2

A 15 9.1 9.1 10.3

B 96 58.2 58.2 68.5

C 13 7.9 7.9 76.4

D 31 18.8 18.8 95.2

E 8 4.8 4.8 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 19


Percent


Correct 96 58.2 58.9 100.0

Total 163 98.8 100.0


Total 165 100.0

Item 20


Percent

Valid 2 1.2 1.2 1.2

* 1 .6 .6 1.8

A 13 7.9 7.9 9.7

B 32 19.4 19.4 29.1

C 25 15.2 15.2 44.2

D 31 18.8 18.8 63.0

E 61 37.0 37.0 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 20


Percent


Correct 61 37.0 37.7 100.0

Total 162 98.2 100.0


Total 165 100.0


22/35

Item 21


Percent

Valid 3 1.8 1.8 1.8

A 53 32.1 32.1 33.9

B 30 18.2 18.2 52.1

C 17 10.3 10.3 62.4D 5 3.0 3.0 65.5

E 57 34.5 34.5 100.0

Total 165 100.0 100.0

Item 21


Percent


Correct 57 34.5 35.2 100.0

Total 162 98.2 100.0


Total 165 100.0


23/35

Students Item Alternatives Selection Distribution in the College of Business Administrations Logical

Mathematical Reasoning Test (CBA-LMRT) Administration Results

December, 2011

item1


Cumulative

Percent

Valid A 2 1.4 1.4 1.4

B 5 3.4 3.4 4.8

C* 130 89.0 89.0 93.8

D 6 4.1 4.1 97.9

E 3 2.1 2.1 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item1


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 130 89.0 89.0 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item2


Cumulative

Percent

Valid A 39 26.7 26.7 26.7

B 12 8.2 8.2 34.9

C 8 5.5 5.5 40.4

D* 81 55.5 55.5 95.9

E 6 4.1 4.1 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item2


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 81 55.5 55.5 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0


24/35

item3


Cumulative

Percent

Valid A 20 13.7 13.7 13.7

B 5 3.4 3.4 17.1

C* 107 73.3 73.3 90.4

D 5 3.4 3.4 93.8

E 9 6.2 6.2 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item3


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 107 73.3 73.3 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item4


Cumulative

Percent

Valid A 11 7.5 7.5 7.5

B 5 3.4 3.4 11.0

C 16 11.0 11.0 21.9

D* 112 76.7 76.7 98.6

E 2 1.4 1.4 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item4


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 112 76.7 76.7 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0


25/35

item5


Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 .7 .7 .7

A* 128 87.7 87.7 88.4

B 4 2.7 2.7 91.1

C 4 2.7 2.7 93.8

D 8 5.5 5.5 99.3

E 1 .7 .7 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item5


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 128 87.7 87.7 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item6


Cumulative

Percent

Valid A 15 10.3 10.3 10.3

B 38 26.0 26.0 36.3

C* 91 62.3 62.3 98.6

D 2 1.4 1.4 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item6


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 91 62.3 62.3 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0


26/35

item7


Cumulative

Percent

Valid B 9 6.2 6.2 6.2

C 3 2.1 2.1 8.2

D* 134 91.8 91.8 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item7


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 134 91.8 91.8 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item8


Cumulative

Percent

Valid A 30 20.5 20.5 20.5

B* 116 79.5 79.5 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item8


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 116 79.5 79.5 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0


27/35

item9


Cumulative

Percent

Valid C* 141 96.6 96.6 96.6

D 2 1.4 1.4 97.9

E 3 2.1 2.1 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item9


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 141 96.6 96.6 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item10


Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 .7 .7 .7

A* 115 78.8 78.8 79.5

B 17 11.6 11.6 91.1

C 7 4.8 4.8 95.9

D 4 2.7 2.7 98.6

E 2 1.4 1.4 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item10


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 115 78.8 78.8 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0


28/35

item11


Cumulative

Percent

Valid 2 1.4 1.4 1.4

A 24 16.4 16.4 17.8

B* 108 74.0 74.0 91.8

C 4 2.7 2.7 94.5

D 5 3.4 3.4 97.9

E 3 2.1 2.1 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item11


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 108 74.0 74.0 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item12


Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 .7 .7 .7

A 15 10.3 10.3 11.0

B 5 3.4 3.4 14.4

C 5 3.4 3.4 17.8

D* 116 79.5 79.5 97.3

E 4 2.7 2.7 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item12


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 116 79.5 79.5 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0


29/35

item13


Cumulative

Percent

Valid A* 118 80.8 80.8 80.8

B 4 2.7 2.7 83.6

C 13 8.9 8.9 92.5

D 7 4.8 4.8 97.3

E 4 2.7 2.7 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item13


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 118 80.8 80.8 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item14


Cumulative

Percent

Valid 3 2.1 2.1 2.1

A 3 2.1 2.1 4.1

B 25 17.1 17.1 21.2

C 23 15.8 15.8 37.0

D* 83 56.8 56.8 93.8

E 9 6.2 6.2 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item14


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 83 56.8 56.8 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0


30/35

item15


Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 .7 .7 .7

A* 31 21.2 21.2 21.9

B 13 8.9 8.9 30.8

C 12 8.2 8.2 39.0

D 6 4.1 4.1 43.2

E 83 56.8 56.8 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item15


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 31 21.2 21.2 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item16


Cumulative

Percent

Valid A 17 11.6 11.6 11.6

B* 105 71.9 71.9 83.6

C 15 10.3 10.3 93.8

D 5 3.4 3.4 97.3

E 4 2.7 2.7 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item16


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 105 71.9 71.9 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0


31/35

item17


Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 .7 .7 .7

A 9 6.2 6.2 6.8

B* 123 84.2 84.2 91.1

C 3 2.1 2.1 93.2

D 10 6.8 6.8 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item17


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 123 84.2 84.2 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item18


Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 .7 .7 .7

A 1 .7 .7 1.4

B 17 11.6 11.6 13.0

C* 98 67.1 67.1 80.1

D 5 3.4 3.4 83.6

E 24 16.4 16.4 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item18


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 98 67.1 67.1 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0


32/35

item19


Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 .7 .7 .7

A 3 2.1 2.1 2.7

B* 117 80.1 80.1 82.9

C 4 2.7 2.7 85.6

D 11 7.5 7.5 93.2

E 10 6.8 6.8 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item19


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 117 80.1 80.1 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item20


Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 .7 .7 .7

A 1 .7 .7 1.4

B 11 7.5 7.5 8.9

C 2 1.4 1.4 10.3

D 14 9.6 9.6 19.9

E* 117 80.1 80.1 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item20


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 117 80.1 80.1 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0


33/35

item21


Cumulative

Percent

Valid A 11 7.5 7.5 7.5

B 21 14.4 14.4 21.9

C 7 4.8 4.8 26.7

D 5 3.4 3.4 30.1

E* 102 69.9 69.9 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item21


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 102 69.9 69.9 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item22


Cumulative

Percent

Valid A* 79 54.1 54.1 54.1

B 37 25.3 25.3 79.5

C 12 8.2 8.2 87.7

D 7 4.8 4.8 92.5

E 11 7.5 7.5 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0

item22


Cumulative

Percent


Correct 79 54.1 54.1 100.0

Total 146 100.0 100.0


34/35

Index of Internal Consistency (reliabilityCronbachs alpha) of the College of Business

Administrations Logical Mathematical Reasoning Test (CBA-LMRT) - May 2011

Case Processing Summary

N %

Cases Valid 145 87.9

Excludeda 20 12.1

Total 165 100.0

a. Listwise deletion based on all variables in the procedure.

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's Alpha

Cronbach's AlphaBased on Standardized

Items N of Items

.660 .658 21

Index of Internal Consistency (reliabilityCronbachs alpha) of the College of Business

Administrations Logical Mathematical Reasoning Test (CBA-LMRT) - December 2011


35/35

Case Processing Summary

N %

Cases Valid 146 100.0

Excludeda

0 .0

Total 146 100.0

a. Listwise deletion based on all variables in the

procedure.

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's Alpha

Cronbach's Alpha

Based on

Standardized Items

N of

Items

.677 .671 22

9. appendix ix - quantitative reasoning in business administration - findings and actions

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