9/10/15Essential Questions:Us. 12 – What were the characteristics and impact of the Granger Movement and Populism?US. 5 – What was the currency controversy of the late 1800s?

A movement, primarily of farmers, in the late 1800s that demanded government aid for the common farmer and worker.

Goal was to help farmers get out of debt and give people a greater voice in government

Populism -

1. Drought

2. Crop/animal diseases

3. Expensive railroad costs

4. High tariffs

5. Framers unable to pay their mortgages

6. Falling prices for crops

1. New technologies

2. Better farming methods

3. Greater crop yields

4. Too many farmers with a surplus

5. Prices fall

6. Farmers don’t make enough money

“What you farmers need to do is to raise less corn and more hell! We want the accursed foreclosure system wiped out! We will stand by our homes and stay by our firesides by force if necessary, and we will not pay our debts to the loan-shark companies until the Government pays its debts to us!” - Mary Elizabeth Lease

1. Farmers begin to organize

2. The Patrons of Husbandry is formed in 1867

3. Becomes known as the Grange

4. Other Farmers’ Alliances grow

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=Y5xx1-Udk_plrM&tbnid=DjPNwxFIINjzYM:&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http://www.haikudeck.com/vocabulary--education-presentation-LGOIOQgXXy&ei=CHQSVPXTJunbsATm1YKQDg&bvm=bv.75097201,d.cWc&psig=AFQjCNE3hioVzY2VUIX3LNIMfSbAmnABmg&ust=1410581653557631

1. Regulate Railroads: This

was the Populist’s BIGGEST demand

so railroads couldn’t take advantage of

farmers.

2. More Money in Circulation:

Increase the nation’s money supply =

Bimetallism

3. An 8-hour workday

4. Income Tax:

“Don’t Tax land. Tax Income!”

Solution to Debt Problem

5. More money in circulation. How?If on the gold standard (def.)-each dollar printed is back by gold~Discover more gold orUse silver to back money

Solution to Debt Problem5. More money in circulation. How?If on the gold standard (def.)-each dollar printed is back by gold~Discover more gold or Use silver to back money.

Gold v. Silver

1. Debate was what would back US currency so that it wasn’t “worthless”

2. “Gold bugs” favored backing US currency only with gold

3. “Silverites” wished for gold and silver to be used so that more money would be available

Who They Were? Bankers/Businessmen/ Wealthy/Republicans

Farmers/Laborers/Populists

What they wanted? Gold Standard – money to be backed by gold (Less money in circulation)

Bimetallism – money to be backed by gold and silver (More money in circulation to repay loans)

1896 Presidential Supporters? William McKinley-Republican

William Jennings Bryan – a Democrat supported by the Populists

Why? Loans would be repaid in gold

Products would be sold at higher prices

Effects? Deflation- Prices fall - - Value of $ increases- Fewer people have $

Inflation- Prices rise - - Value of $ decreases- More people have $

Farmers want to add more money into circulation

More money produces inflation

With inflation, prices are

higher, and it will be easier for farmers to pay back loans

Farmers want the government to

coin more silver – “free coinage”

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=e_S4c1AYdKzmMM&tbnid=lWUZuE1fTZ6NHM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://209.134.55.115/exhibitions/online/exhibition-archives/congress-and-the-civil-war/general-welfare/from-gold-to-greenbacks/3269-greenbacks-united-states-notes-issued-march-10-.html&ei=Q3YOVI7DCcvKgwSdsoDQDA&bvm=bv.74649129,d.eXY&psig=AFQjCNGDIjMhVsrq1hM0TFUU4kh0m8MM0g&ust=1410320256646361

The cartoon is trying to convey the bias that the United States government is showing in favor of the foreign investors and the wealthy, who are in favor of hard money, at the expense of the average citizen. This cartoon is important because it is an accurate and colorful representation of the continued and growing outcry of the lower class for soft money and the party’s increased political prowess and societal involvement.

1. Democratic nominee for president in 1896

2. Backed by the Populists for his stance on bimetallism

3. At the 1896 Convention he gave a passionate “Cross of Gold” speech on the need for bimetallism and free silver coinage

“Having behind us the producing masses of this nation and the world, supported by the commercial interests, the laboring interests, and the toilers everywhere, we will answer their demand for a gold standard by saying to them: You shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns, you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold.”- William Jennings Bryan

1. Urban voters feared bimetallism and higher prices for goods

2. Republican William McKinley supported the gold standard and has wide support

3. McKinley won the election & Populism became more a part of the Democratic Party

Populist Party NOTES Goes on RIGHT SIDE!!!!!

Us. 12 – What were the characteristics and impact of the Granger Movement and Populism?

Gold vs. Silverites Chart Goes on RIGHT SIDE.

US. 5 – What was the currency controversy of the late 1800s?

What is the message of this cartoon? What aspects of the Populist Party’s platform might appeal to non-

farmers?