96382022 pre-engineered-buildings
TRANSCRIPT
Pre Engineered Buildings
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Introduction to Pre Engineered Buildings
Technological improvement over the year has contributed immensely to the enhancement of quality of life through various new products and services. One such revolution was the pre
engineered buildings. Through its origin can be traced back to 1960’s its potential has been felt only during the recent years. This was mainly due to the development in technology, which helped in computerizing the design and design.
Though initially only off the shelf products were available in these configurations aided by the technological development tailor made solutions are also made using this technology in very short durations. A recent survey by the Metal Building Associations (MBMA) shows
that about 60% of the non residential low rises building in USA are pre engineered buildings.
Although PEB systems are extensively used in industrial and many other non residential constructions world wide, it is relatively a new concept in India. These concepts were
introduced to the Indian markets lately in the late 1990’s with the opening up of the economy and a number of multi nationals setting up their projects.The market potential of PEB’s is 1.2 million tones per annum. The current pre engineered steel building manufacturing capacity is
0.35 million tones per annum. The industry is growing at the compound rate of 25 to 30 %.
With respect to design of the structure and aesthetic appearance India is way behind. Indian manufacturers are trying to catch up; comparatively PEB’s is a new concept in India. Beside,
in fabrication and other areas of PEB India is very good. As compared to other countries Indian codes for building design are stringent but safer. IS standards are upgraded continuously. In India, American codes are also followed.
Pre engineered steel buildings can be fitted with different structural accessories including mezzanine floors, canopies, fascias, interior partitions etc. and the building is made water
proof by use of special mastic beads, filler strips and trims. This is very versatile buildings systems and can be finished internally to serve any functions and accessorized externally to
achieve attractive and unique designing styles. It is very advantageous over the conventional buildings and is really helpful in the low rise building design.
Pre engineered buildings are generally low rise buildings however the maximum eave height can go upto 25 to 30 metres. Low rise buildings are ideal for offices, houses, showrooms,
shop fronts etc. The application of pre engineered buildings concept to low rise buildings is very economical and speedy. Buildings can be constructed in less than half the normal time
especially when complemented with the other engineered sub systems.
The most common and economical type of low rise buildings is a building with ground floor and two intermediate floor plus roof. The roof of low rise buildings may be flat or sloped. Intermediate floors of low rise buildings are made of mezzanine systems. Single storied
houses for living take minimum time for construction and can be built in any type of geographical location like extreme cold hilly areas, high rain prone areas, plain land
obviously and extreme hot climatic zones as well.
Applications of Pre Engineered Buildings (PEB)
1. WAREHOUSES
2. FACTORIES
3. WORKSHOPS
4. OFFICES
5. GAS STATIONS
6. VEHICLE PARKING SHEDS
7. SHOWROOMS
8. AIRCRAFT HANGARS
9. METRO STATIONS
10. SCHOOLS
11. RECREATIONAL
12. INDOOR STADIUM ROOFS
13. OUTDOOR STADIUM CANOPIES
14. BRIDGES
15. RAILWAY PLATFORM SHELTERS
Advantages of Pre Engineered Buildings
REDUCED CONSTRUCTION TIME: Buildings are typically delivered in just a few weeks after approval of drawings. Foundation and anchor bolts are cast parallel with finished, ready
for the site bolting. Our study shows that in India the use of PEB will reduce total construction time of the project by at least 50%. This also allows faster occupancy and earlier
realization of revenue.
LOWER COST: Due to the systems approach, there is a significant saving in design, manufacturing and on site erection cost. The secondary members and cladding nest together reducing transportation cost.
FLEXIBILTY OF EXPANSION: Buildings can be easily expanded in length by adding
additional bays. Also expansion in width and height is possible by pre designing for future expansion.
LARGE CLEAR SPANS: Buildings can be supplied to around 80M clear spans.
QUALITY CONTROL: As buildings are manufactured completely in the factory under
controlled conditions the quality is assured.
LOW MAINTENANCE : Buildings are supplied with high quality paint systems for cladding and steel to suit ambient conditions at the site, which results in long durability and low
maintenance coats.
ENERGY EFFICIENT ROOFING AND WALL SYSTEMS: Buildings can be supplied with polyurethane insulated panels or fiberglass blankets insulation to achieve required “U”
values.
ARCHITECTURAL VERSTALITY: Building can be supplied with various types of fascias, canopies, and curved eaves and are designed to receive pre cast concrete wall panels, curtain
walls, block walls and other wall systems.
SINGLE SOURCE RESPONSIBILTY: As the complete building package is supplied by a single vendor, compatibility of all the building components and accessories is assured. This is
one of the major benefits of the pre engineered building systems.
Pre Engineered Buildings Vs Conventional Steel Buildings
PROPERTY PEB BUILDINGS CONVENTIONAL STEEL
BUILDINGS
STRUCTURE WEIGHT Pre engineered buildings are
on the average 30% lighter because of the efficient use
of steel. Primary framing members are tapered built up section. With the large
depths in areas of higher stress.
Primary steel members are
selected hot rolled “T” sections. Which are, in many
segments of the members heavier than what is actually required by design?
Members have constant cross section regardless of the
varying magnitude of the local stresses along the member length.
Secondary members are light weight roll formed “Z”
or “C” shaped members.
Secondary members are selected from standard hot
rolled sections which are much heavier.
DESIGN Quick and efficient: since
PEB’s are mainly formed by standard sections and
connections design, time is significantly reduced. Basic design based on
international design codes are used over and over.
Each conventional steel
structure is designed form scratch with fewer design
aids available to the engineer.
Specialized computer analysis design programs
optimize material required. Drafting is also computerized using
standard detail that minimize the use of project
custom details.
Substantial engineering and detailing work is required
from the very basic is required by the consultant with fewer design aids.
Design shop detail sketches
and erection drawings are supplied free of cost by the
manufacturer. Approval drawing is usually prepared within in 2 weeks.
Extensive amount of
consultant time is devoted to the alterations that have to
be done.
PEB designers design and detail PEB buildings almost
every day of the year resulting in improving the
quality of designs every time they work
As each project is a new project engineers need more
time to develop the designs and details of the unique
structure.
DELIEVERY Average 6 to 8 weeks Average 20 to 26 weeks
FOUNDATIONS Simple design, easy to construct and light weight.
Extensive, heavy foundation required.
ERECTION SIMPLICITY Since the connection of compounds is standard the learning curve of erection
for each subsequent project is faster.
The connections are normally complicated and differ from project to project
resulting tin increasing the time for erection of the
buildings.
Periodic free of charge
erection is provided at the site by the manufacturer.
There has to be separate
allocation of labour for the purpose of erection.
ERECTION COST AND TIME
Both costs and time of erection are accurately
known based upon extensive experience with
similar buildings.
Typically, conventional steel buildings are 20% more
expensive than PEB in most of the cases, the erection
costs and time are not estimated accurately.
The erection process is faster and much easier with very less requirement for
Erection process is slow and extensive field labour is required. Heavy equipment
equipment. is also needed.
SEISMIC RESISTANCE The low weight flexible frames offer higher
resistance to seismic forces.
Rigid heavy frames do not perform well in seismic
zones.
OVER ALL PRICE Price per square meter may
be as low as by 30 % than the conventional building.
Higher price per square
meter.
ARCHITECTURE Outstanding architectural design can be achieved at
low cost using standard architectural details and interfaces.
Special architectural design and features must be
developed for each project which often require research and thus resulting in higher
cost.
SOURCING AND COORDINATION
Building is supplied complete with all accessories including
erection for a single “ONE STOP SOURCE”.
Many sources of supply are there so it becomes difficult to co ordinate and handle the
things.
COST OF CHARGE ORDER PEB manufactures usually stock a large amount of that
can be flexibly used in many types of PEB projects.
Substitution of hot rolled sections infrequently rolled
by mills is expensive and time consuming.
Change orders are easily accommodated at all stages
of the order fulfillment process. Little or no material is wasted even if a
change order is made after fabrication starts.
Change orders that are made after the dispatch of hot
rolled sections result in increasing the time and cost involved in the project.
BUILDING ACCESSORIES Designed to fit the system with standardized and inter
changeable parts. Including pre designed flashing and trims. Building accessories
are mass produced for economy and are available
with the building.
Every project requires different and special design
fro accessories and special sourcing for each item. Flashing and trims must be
uniquely designed and fabricated.
FUTURE EXPANSIONS All project records are
safely and orderly kept in electronic format which
make sit easy for the owner to obtain a copy of his building record at any time.
It would be difficult to
obtain project records after a long period of time. It is
required to contact more than one number of parties.
Future expansion is very
easy and simple.
Future expansion is most
tedious and more costly.
SAFETY AND
RESPONSIBILTY
Single source of
responsibility is there because all the job is being done by one supplier.
Multiple responsibilities can
result in question of who is responsible when the components do not fit in
properly, insufficient material is supplied or parts
fail to perform particularly at the supplier/contractor
interface.
PERFORMANCE All components have been
specified and designed specially to act together as a
system for maximum efficiency, precise fir and peak performance in the
field.
Components are custom
designed for a specific application on a specific job.
Design and detailing errors are possible when assembling the diverse
components into unique buildings.
Experience with similar buildings, in actual field
conditions world wide, has resulted in design improvements over time,
which allow dependable prediction of performance.
Each building design is unique, so predication, of
how components will perform together is uncertain. Materials which
have performed well in some climates may not do well in
other conditions.
Design of Pre Engineered Buildings (PEB)
The main framing of PEB systems is analyzed by the stiffness matrix method. The design is based on allowable stress design (ASD) as per the American institute of Steel Construction
specification or the IS 800. the design program provides an economic and efficient design of the main frames and allows the user to utilize the program in different modes to produce the
frame design geometry and loading and the desired load combinations as specified by the building code opted by the user. The program operates through the maximum number of cycles specified to arrive at an acceptable design. The program uses the stiffness matrix
method to arrive at an acceptable design. The program uses the stiffness matrix method to arrive at the solution of displacements and forces. The strain energy method is adopted to
calculate the fixed end moments, stiffness and carry over factors. Numerical integration is used.
Design Cycle
The design cycle consists of the following steps:
1. Set up section sizes and brace locations based on the geometry and loading specified for
the frame design.
2. Calculate moment, shear, and axial force at each analysis point for each load combination.
3. Compute allowable shear, allowable axial and allowable bending stress in compression and tension at each analysis point.
4. Compute the corresponding stress ratios for shear, axial and bending based on the actual
and allowable stresses and calculate the combined stress ratios.
5. Design the optimum splice location and check to see whether the predicted sizes confirm to
manufacturing constraints.
6. Using the web optimization mode, arrive at the optimum web depths for the next cycle and update the member data file.
7. At the end of all design cycles, an analysis is run to achieve flange brace optimization.
Frame Geometry
The program has the capability to handle different types of frame geometry as follows
Frames of different types viz. rigid frames, frames with multiple internal columns, single slope frames, lean to frames etc.
Frames with varying spans, varying heights and varying slopes etc.
Frames with different types of supports viz. pinned supports, fixed supports, sinking supports, supports with some degrees of freedom released.
Unsymmetrical frames with off centric, unequal modules, varying slopes etc.
User specified purlin and girt spacing and flange brace location.
Frame Loading
Frame design can handle different types of loadings as described below:
All the building dead loads due to sheeting, purlins, etc. and the self weight of the frame.
Imposed live load on the frame with tributary reductions as well.
Collateral load such as false ceiling, light fixtures, AC ducting loads, sprinkler systems and
many other suspended loads of similar nature.
Wind loads input such as basic wind speed or basic wind pressure that will be converted to deign wind pressure as per the building code specified by the user and shall be applied to the
different members of the building according to the coefficients mentioned in the codes prescribed by the user. The standard building codes like MBMA, UBC, ANSI, IS:875 part 3
etc are used fro this purpose.
Crane and non crane loading can be specified by the user and the program has the capability to handle these special loads and combine them with the other loads as required.
Seismic loads corresponding to the different zone categories of various international codes can also be defined and combined with other load cases as required.Temperature loads can
also be specified in the form of different differential temperature value on centigrade and specifying the appropriate coefficient for the thermal expansion.Load combinations with
appropriate load factors can be specified by the user as desired.
Design Codes
Following are the main design codes generally used:
AISC : American institute of steel construction manual
AISI : American iron and steel institute specifications
MBMA : Metal building manufacturer’s code
ANSI : American national standards institute specifications
ASCE : American society of civil engineers
UBC : Uniform building code
IS : Indian standards
Design Criteria
DESIGN METHOD: Allowable stress design method is used as per the AISC specifications.
DEFLECTIONS: Unless otherwise specified, the deflections will go to MBMA, AISC
criteria and standard industry practices.
PRIMARY FRAMING: Moment resisting frames with pinned or fixed bases.
SECONDARY FRAMING: Cold formed Z sections or C sections for purlins or girts designed as continuous beams spanning over rafters and columns with laps.
LONGITUDANAL STABILITY: Wind load on building end walls is transferred through
roof purlins to braced bays and carried to the foundations through diagonal bracing.
DESIGN SOFTWARE
The latest software that is used for design is STAAD 2007.
DESIGN PROCESS
The frame data is assembled based on number of frame members, number of joints, number of degrees of freedom, the conditions of restraint and the elastic properties of the members.
Based on this, the data is stored and member section properties are computed. The overall joint stiffness matrix is obtained based on the above frame data by summation of individual
stiffness matrices considering all possible displacements. The load vector is then generated
based on the loading data and the unknown displacements are obtained by inverting the overall joint stiffness matrix and multiplying with the load vector.
Knowing the free joint displacements
REPORT ON PLANT VISIT
DEPARTMENTS IN THE PLANT
PRODUCTION, PLANNING & CONTROL (PPC)
SHEARING
BUILT UP
FINISHING
COLD FORM
SHIPPING
QUALITY CONTROL
MAINTENANCE (ELECTRICAL)
MAINTENANCE (MECHANICAL)
PRODUCTION, PLANNING & CONTROL
The PPC department in our plant is headed over by Mr. C.M.PANDE. The PPC department
can be called to be the controller of all the other departments of our plant because it keeps a check on at what point of time what kind of work and how much work according to the
manpower available is to be given to a particular department. They also plan the releases as to how much tonnage is to be released on any given data. They also keep a proper record on daily, weekly, monthly basis that how much work is being done by which department and is
it fulfilling the criteria or not so as to ensure proper meeting up of the targets assigned. We also got to know about the manufacturing processes that how they take place in a sequent manner in our plant. They also made us aware of the system that how a BOQ and drawings
travels from the head office to the plant and then the work is actually distributed among the departments in the plant. The PPC department is using nesting software to prepare proper part
marks for eg. We get HR plates in a standard width of 1500 mm so nesting software tells us that what sized plates should be cut from that so as to minimize the scrap, this job is also done by the PPC and is known as part marking. The entire job in the plant is done according
to these part marks only. Also the job of maintaining the inventory of raw materials is done by the PPC department i.e. it has to keep a check on the quantity of raw materials available
and has to ensure that sufficient quantity of material is always available. Also it has to take care of the transport availability for dispatching the materials. PPC department works in co ordination with the every department like with accounts department.
This informational post has been submitted to us by Er Gursharan Singh and then modified by Er Kanwarjot Singh. To see the presentation of the same click here.
Presentation On Pre Engineered Steel Buildings
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Comments
datta nanasaheb dighe November 21, 2008 at 3:32 pm
is it possible ao design pre engineered buildings by using indian standered codes
Reply Link Quote
o Yesha Soni December 17, 2010 at 2:14 am
YEAH OFCOURSE..
Reply Link Quote
Kishan Shinde December 3, 2008 at 8:16 am
Can I get PEB alignment inspection procedure & IS standards for inspection PEB erection & Alingnment
Reply Link Quote
MANISH PRATAP SINGH December 9, 2008 at 10:08 am
Can I get PEB alignment inspection procedure & IS standards for inspection PEB erection & Alingnment
Reply Link Quote
Arvinderjit Singh December 14, 2008 at 7:52 am
We want to get Amercian Codes for Designing of PEB
Reply Link Quote
o Er. Rakesh Sharma July 17, 2010 at 6:22 am
READ MBMA-96, 2007
Reply Link Quote
GETACHEW OKBAY January 24, 2009 at 6:47 am
our company would like to purchase a soft ware that could do design for
preengineered building structural analysis, shop drawing, erection drawing, BOQ, Anchor bolt plan etc automatic generation by computer, so would you please give us a
contact detail so that we will detail our communication. with retgards# Getachew Okbay
Reply Link Quote
Badrul Islam February 4, 2009 at 9:03 am
Can I get quality improvement procedure and Process improvement in PEB Section
With Regards
Badrul Islam
Reply Link Quote
Prem Shenoy February 9, 2009 at 12:18 am
While the Analysis of any Structure would be universal, designs need to be done as per the local/ regional codes.Other wise why different countries have different codes
of Practice? For example, If a PEB is built in India, The load calculations need to be as per the latest IS 875, the designs need to be as per IS800 for main frame members, as per IS 801 for thin rolled secondary members (Z and C purlins and Girts). If a
country does not have a code, the building may follow the UBC, or the code of a country near by IF suitable.
To make the superstructure most economical and very competitive, most of the PEB
vendors select the codes as per THEIR requirement. For example, for a structure built in India, they might calculate the loads as per IS 875, but do the design as per AISC or
MBMA and use welds as per AWS. If they feel that the Steel Section is lighter as per one code, they will adopt THAT clause of the code and select an equivalent clause of another code of another country. Some PEB vendors select some clauses of Previous
versions of the Code and other clauses of the Latest Versions ! This style is not the same every time. PEB Design teams are on constant research in the Selection of
Codal provisions of Variuos countries and are on trials with different clauses.
This way of varied design is not legally valid. If the loads and Codes are not specified by the buyer, It is binding on the PEB supplier to use the Local/ Regional Codes of
practice. The evolution of a Code of Practice is based on the Weather & other climatic
conditions, Material, Local Practices, Skill levels at manufacturing,Transporting, Assembling,erecting, finishing and maintaining. Hence it is rediculus to use Indian Steel plate of any yield stress, Cut and manufactured in India, Loaded & transported
in Indian Style, Unloaded and stacked in Indian Style, Assembled & erected by Indian (skilled) Labour, Finished by Indian Painters using Indian paints, Maintained by
Indian Client in an Indian Town or village BUT DESIGNED USING AMERICAN CODE ! Most of the clients, Arcitects and Engineers in India feel that American Codes are Better than Indian!
Clients,Architects and Engineers in India, Beware! The Pre Engineered Buildings are
not a New Concept. But the Jumping-Code-Practice is the NEW Concept and STYLE. If you are not Sure of the Codes, DO NOT SIGN a Purchase order just copying the
Specifications given by the PEB Vendor. Just mention somewhere that the Latest Revisions of Indian Standard Codes should be followed. Luckily, India has all the codes available for the design of all the Parts of a PEB structure.
Premanand Shenoy. M.Tech,MIE,FIAStructE Structural Consultant and Managing Partner Roy and Shenoy, India.
Reply Link Quote
ravee March 6, 2009 at 8:22 am
hi all!
i have received the PEB’s reaction & moments there are 1. what are the load combinations to be considered 2. the vendor has given the Dead, collateral, Live, Wind_L1 seismic…. like this 16
loads which are the ones should i consider
3. can i get any example of the design of foundation system thanks in advance raveeleo
Reply Link Quote
varal pandu June 21, 2009 at 2:36 pm
could you please guide in my job hunting in pre-engineering metal building jobs in overseas as i am a detailing engineer with around 4 years of exp. presently associated with zamil steel,pune looking for future growth in same field
Reply Link Quote
HANS July 2, 2009 at 7:02 am
Good impressive web site . We are a Turnkey service provider for Pre engineered and Pre fabricated steel
building . We would be interested to undertake projects of this kind .
Reply Link Quote
SHABEENA BEGUM August 9, 2009 at 12:00 pm
kindly give me the detailed design of a pre engineered building for a shed of 32m
span and80m length
Reply Link Quote
Roger - PEMB Dealer August 20, 2009 at 4:25 am
We would be pleased to provide PEMB sales support for any project in any country. We can ship worldwide our building systems.
If you can list required local codes we can meet or exceed any code.
We have all US codes on file currently.
Reply Link Quote
K.Rajaganapathi October 6, 2009 at 6:25 am
Dear Sir, I will learn pre engineered building design
Where is avilable this coruse Please mail adreess
Reply Link Quote
SURESHA.K October 25, 2009 at 3:53 am
DEAR SIR,
I WANT KNOW ABOUT MEASUREMENT OF AREA IN PEB IS FROM
CENTRE TO CENTRE LINE OF BUILDING OR IT IS FROM STEEL LINE TO STEEL LINE?
ALSO I WANT TO KNOW THAT WHILE FIXING RATE TO THE ERECTOR WHICH AREA WILL CONSIDER FOR PAYMENT. KINDLY DO THE NEED FULL. THANKS
Reply Link Quote
anshuman October 30, 2009 at 12:20 pm
hi me anshuman .if possible pls guide me the required frame size in 30 mt span frame,x30 mt width.wht size of purlin req n how much distance-thanks n
regards.anshuman
Reply Link Quote
bapat & sons November 28, 2009 at 1:24 am
we have an enquiry for a industrial shed measuring 90mts x 30 mts with height of 10 mts in Aurangabad ( maharashtra ).
It will be our pleasure if we can work together& give offer for complete job.
waiting for reply.
thanking you
with regards
Reply Link Quote
sathishkumar.g December 25, 2009 at 9:15 pm
which std we have to follow for PEB fabrications.
Reply Link Quote
o Er. Rakesh Sharma July 17, 2010 at 6:37 am
1ST U CAN LEARN ABOUT THE DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES, AS PER IS AND AISE (STEEL DESIGN) THEN STARTING LEARN OF
CODES FOR LOAD DESIGN IS 875 PART -I TO V. OR MAIL UR PROBLEMS IN MY E MAIL
Reply Link Quote
o Er. Rakesh Sharma July 17, 2010 at 6:38 am
IN THE FABRICATION U CAN USE FOR WELD AWS CODE AND FOR
STEEL AISE
Reply Link Quote
hani January 1, 2010 at 10:28 pm
planting concrete column on top of concrete slab ?for archtecture cange
Reply Link Quote
srinivas January 29, 2010 at 2:42 am
we would like to purchase a soft ware that could do design for preengineered building structural analysis, shop drawing, erection drawing, BOQ, Anchor bolt plan etc
automatic generation by computer, so would you please give us a contact detail. and also let me konw 30mts span,300mts lenght,and 16mts clear heightand soil test report
is 13.near seashore
Reply Link Quote
basha February 2, 2010 at 1:45 am
i want to learn the design of pre engg buildings, can you let me know any standard institute where i can learn design (if possible in bangalore)
Reply Link Quote
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