a-318 apcseet 2011 josh wilkey

8/4/2019 A-318 Apcseet 2011 Josh Wilkey

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Life Impact | The University of Adelaide

Delivering innovative technologiesfor a clean energy future

Centre for Energy Technology

An investigation of biochar-producing

cooking stoves for use in developing countries

Josh Wilkey, Matthew Higgins, Gregory MacFarlane, Matthew Read , Tomas West

Project supervisors: Dr Paul Medwell, Dr Cristian Birzer


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Life Impact | The University of AdelaideSlide 1


TRADITIONALCOOKING STOVES

(http://tzpartners.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/img_5189.jpg)

Mud-stoveThree stone fire

2,600,000,000 people use biomass for daily cooking needs

1,600,000 deaths per year from traditional stove pollution


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COOKING STOVES IN THEDEVELOPING WORLD

StoveTecs wood burning rocket stove(http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_OOlW-

1cKA6k/SoMFoM2M60I/AAAAAAAACiI/do02ySfjf78/s400/rockettec.jpg)

Envirofits wood burning rocket stove(http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_cwTfJf3b8iM/TTZ51AVli2I/AAAAAAAAArc/3uymljuKkAo/s1600/jivanjyoti.JPG)


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RUPANDEHI DISTRICTNEPALESE TERAI


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COOKING PRACTICES IN THENEPALESE TERAI

Unsustainable harvesting ofwood fuel now using

buffalo dung

Existing mud-stove structures very inefficient and polluting


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TOP-LITUPDRAFT MICROGASIFIERS

(TLUDs)

Champion TLUD TLUD operation


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CLEAN COMBUSTION

Adapted from HERA GIZ Manual Micro-gasification Version 1.0 January 2011, p. 20


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ALTERNATIVE FUEL TYPES

Can use non-wood fuels such as agricultural residues and animal dung reduced pressure on limited wood resources


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BIOCHAR PRODUCTION

Can produce biochar


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What is biochar?

Charcoal that is produced to be buried in the soil.

Made by heating organic materials in a low oxygen

environment to release volatile gases pyrolysis.


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SOIL BENEFITS

Increased moisture retention

Reduced nutrient leaching

Increased microbial activity

Increased soil carbon


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ATMOSPHERIC BENEFITS

Carbon capture and storage

Reduced emissions of GHG from soil

Carbon negative energy


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ECONOMIC BENEFITS TOTHE NEPALESE

Increased agricultural yields

Reduced need to purchase fertiliser can use dung biochar

Increased soil carbon potential to earn Carbon Credits


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FIELD TRIAL OF TLUD STOVES

Positive user feedback

Wood pellet fuel used


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PRELIMINARY RESULTS

Successfully tested Champion TLUD design with wood pellets,nut shells and cow manure

Built and tested TLUDs made from old cooking oil containers and

paint tins


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PRELIMINARY RESULTS

Champion TLUD with dung

4 L boiled after 30 minutes

1 kg of fuel used

30% yield of biochar

Three Stone Fire with dung

Only reached 96 degrees C

2 kg of fuel used


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ADSORPTION CAPACITY

Source: Dr Hugh McLaughlin, Alterna Biocarbon Inc.

0%

1%

10%

100 140 180 220 260 300

AdsorptionofR

134a-wt%

Temperature - Celsius

Minimum CC#10

Maximum CC#14

TLUD stove cow dung biochar

Range of commercial

cooking fuel biochars


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CURRENT WORK

Construction of dung press to increase fuel density

Test different sized stoves and alter primary and secondary air flow rates


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CONCLUSION

Biochar producing cooking stoves ideal for use in the Nepalese Terai

Clean emissions even when using dung fuel

Fuel preparation is important to increase fuel density

Minimising costs by using oil containers and paint tins crucial


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

DR PAUL ANDERSON

Biomass Energy Foundation

DR HUGH MCLAUGHLIN

Alterna Biocarbon Inc

DR RON SMERNIK

The University of Adelaide

DR MICHAEL RIESE

The University of Adelaide


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PROJECT SUPPORTERS


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QUESTIONS?

For project video blogs visit

www.makeitso.org.au/year-of-humanitarian-engineering/


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Making dung cakes

a-318 apcseet 2011 josh wilkey

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