a brief history of e books
TRANSCRIPT
A BRIEF HISTORY OF E-BOOKS
Outline
The Memex and Vannevar Bush Project Gutenberg World Wide Web-based e-book projects Google Books Commercial E-book Publishers and
Aggregators E-Readers
Why Study the Past?
Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.
-George Santayana, philosopher
The Memex and Vannevar Bush Storage device using microfilm Early conception of hypertext
Requirements for E-books
Electronic storage of information Distribution method Need
Education Literary research Publishing
Project Gutenberg (1)
First electronic book – 1971 U.S. Declaration of Independence Stored on computer at Univ. of Illinois
Year # of e-books
1989 10
1994 100
2003 10,000
2012 >40,000
Project Gutenberg (2)
Keying books by hand Work done by volunteers Free service Early e-books lacked metadata
Other Early E-Book Projects
Perseus Digital Library Hypertext Editing System and FRESS
projects (Andries van Dam, Brown University)
Characterized by: local availability experimental in nature designed for specific needs
World Wide Web-based E-Book Projects
Potential for millions of readers Hypertext capability Digitization of unique resources Projects to benefit scholars Examples:
University of Virginia’s E-text Center (1992-)
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, Virginia Tech
Google Books
Digitization project goal: scan as many books as possible to create online digital library
Partners: commercial publishers, academic libraries
Lawsuits (began 2005) Settlement in 2008 Continues in courts today
Commercial E-book Publishers and Aggregators
NetLibrary (1998) Full-text searching Note-taking, bookmarking, copy-and-paste
text EBL, ebrary, MyiLibrary, … Primary target: libraries Individual publishers: Springer Verlag,
Elsevier
E-Readers
Rocket Books Kindles
Market share in 2012: Sony E-Readers and Barnes and Noble
Nooks
E-Readers in Libraries
First reports in 2009 OSU’s experience
Initial purchase of 5 Kindles Later purchase of another 13 Kindles Link to website