A Brief history of sher shah suri and his empire

PRESENTED BY

Durgesh Choudhary AND Deepak Kumar

ABOUT SHER SHAH SURI

Born in 1484 in Sasaram, Bihar

Real name – Farid khan

Father – Hasan khan suri

Spouse – Rani khan

Founder of suri empire in north India

Reign – 1540-1545

Died in 1545 in Kalinjar fort, Bundelkhand

Burial – Sher Shah Suri Tomb, Sasaram, Bihar

EARLY LIFE

Eighth son of Hasan khan suri

Served as a registrar in Sasaram, Bihar

A prominent figure in Govt. of Bahlul khan

Served as commander in the Mughal army

Served as Governer of Bihar

Was rewarded title of Sher khan by Bahar khan

CONQUERING BIHAR AND BENGAL

Became regent ruler of minor sultan, Jalal khan

Defeated Ghiyasuddin’s army at the battle of Surajgarh in 1534

Achieved complete control over Bihar

Attacked Bengal in 1538

Forced Humayun out of India at the battle of Chausa

Ascended the throne of Delhi

BATTLE OF SAMMEL

Sher shah set out against Rajputana with a huge force

Instead of marching to enemy, Sher shah halted in Sammel

Became critical owing to difficulties of food supply for huge army

Sher shah resorted a cunning ploy to resolve the situation

Dropped forged letters near Maldeo’s camp, king of Hindu Rajputana

Maldeo left his kingdom

Sher shah’s general took possession over Jodhpur

Occupied the territory of Marwar

MILITARY ORGANISATION

Large standing army

Introduced measures to make his army disciplined and trained

Took personal interest in appointment and training of soldiers

Salary of soldiers and officers fixed according to skill and ability

Sub-divisions of army, having commander

Garrisons were set up

Highly trained cavalary and infantry

Equipped with artillery

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Excellent network of road to facilitate quick movement

Built Grand Trunk road

Rest houses and wells were built both sides of road

Used sarais as Dak – chaukis

Carried royal mails to different parts of the country

ADMINISTRATION

Brilliant organization in military and civil affairs

Based on principles of welfare of state

Introduced many reforms

Two stages of administration

(i) Central Administration

(ii) Provincial Administration

Sher Shah suri stamp issue in the 15th century

CENTRAL ADMINISTRATION

Sher shah as the supreme head

Divided Govt. into departments

Each department under the charge of a minister

Regular inspections carried out

Set up efficient spy system

PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRAION

Empire divided into 47 provinces

Further divided into districts or parganas

Several officials, supervised by Shiadar–I–Shiadaran and Munsif–I–Munsifan

TRADE AND COMMERCE

Construction of roads and sarais helped in Trade and Commerce

Almost all duties were abolished

Merchants were treated well

Zamindars and village heads were responsible for safety of traders

New weights and measures introduced

Coins of uniform standard were introduced

LAW AND ORDER

Staunch believer in justice

Everyone treated equally

Criminal laws were harsh

Village headman and local chiefs responsible for crimes in their area

Harsh but effective laws

RELIGIOS POLICY

Followed a policy of religious tolerance

Appointed Hindus to high post of trust

Bramhajit Gaur and Raja Todar Mal, his ablest generals

Large amount of money given in charity

LITERATURE AND ARCHITECTURE

Interested in art and learning

Patronized a number of scholars in his court

Built fort of Rohtasgarh and old fort of Delhi

Planned and built his own tomb in Sasaram, Bihar

DEATH

Died in gunpowder explosion

Fighting against Chandel Rajputs

Succeeded by his son Islam khan

Buried in Sher Shah Suri Tomb in Sasaram, Bihar

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” THANKS

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