A Counselling Model for A Counselling Model for Group Facilitation Group Facilitation

William A. Borgen, PhDWilliam A. Borgen, PhDDepartment of Educational and Counselling Department of Educational and Counselling

Psychology, and Special EducationPsychology, and Special EducationUniversity of British ColumbiaUniversity of British Columbiaborgen@interchange.ubc.caborgen@interchange.ubc.ca

Traditional Assumptions Regarding Traditional Assumptions Regarding Career DevelopmentCareer Development

There are a series of individual attributes or traits that draw There are a series of individual attributes or traits that draw people to certain occupations. people to certain occupations.

These attributes or traits are pivotal to effective and desired These attributes or traits are pivotal to effective and desired decision-making. decision-making.

Occupations that match the vocational interest of individuals Occupations that match the vocational interest of individuals are accessible to them. are accessible to them.

Occupations are stable enough in their characteristics for Occupations are stable enough in their characteristics for assessment instruments that match the traits of individuals assessment instruments that match the traits of individuals with occupational characteristics are useful over time. with occupational characteristics are useful over time.

Once secured individuals have the capability to stay involved Once secured individuals have the capability to stay involved

in desired occupations or career trajectories.in desired occupations or career trajectories.

Revised AssumptionsRevised Assumptions Several factors influence choice of occupations or career Several factors influence choice of occupations or career

paths, including individual attributes or traits, family paths, including individual attributes or traits, family perspectives, rapidly evolving cultural influences such as perspectives, rapidly evolving cultural influences such as poverty, addiction, conflict, displacement and poverty, addiction, conflict, displacement and discrimination, along with internationalization and rapid discrimination, along with internationalization and rapid change in labour market opportunities. change in labour market opportunities.

These factors are differentially important within and These factors are differentially important within and across cultural contexts. across cultural contexts.

Occupations of choice may not be accessible. Occupations of choice may not be accessible.

Many tasks and processes related to occupations are Many tasks and processes related to occupations are unstable.unstable.

People need the skills and attitudes required to People need the skills and attitudes required to successfully manage rapid and unpredictable changes successfully manage rapid and unpredictable changes that characterize many occupations and career that characterize many occupations and career trajectories.trajectories.

Career Development is an emerging professional activityCareer Development is an emerging professional activity

A Working Definition of a A Working Definition of a GroupGroup

THE GROUP THE GROUP COUNSELLING/FACILITATION COUNSELLING/FACILITATION

MODELMODEL

STAGES OF GROUP STAGES OF GROUP DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT

Planning StagePlanning Stage Initial StageInitial Stage Transition StageTransition Stage Working StageWorking Stage Termination StageTermination Stage

Group Goals and ActivitiesGroup Goals and Activities

Group Goals and ActivitiesGroup Goals and Activities Member Needs and RolesMember Needs and Roles Group ProcessGroup Process Leadership Approaches and SkillsLeadership Approaches and Skills DesignDesign

Developing the DesignDeveloping the Design

Operationalizing Goals Operationalizing Goals Time Frame Time Frame Determining the Setting goals?Determining the Setting goals? Developing and Sequencing Structured Developing and Sequencing Structured

Learning Activities Learning Activities Checking the Design Checking the Design

The Importance of Group ProcessesThe Importance of Group Processes

CommunicationCommunication

NormsNorms

Decision MakingDecision Making

Confronting the ProblemConfronting the Problem

Creative Conflict ResolutionCreative Conflict Resolution

Differences of OpinionDifferences of Opinion

Conflicts of InterestConflicts of Interest

MEMBER NEEDS AND ROLESMEMBER NEEDS AND ROLES

Communication Skills Communication Skills WorksheetWorksheet