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Low-Power Consumption for

Mobile Healthcare Monitoring

By

Abidoye Ademola Philip

(Student No: 3008758)

Supervised by: Prof. Henry O. Nyongesa

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Introduction

Awireless sensor network (WSN) consists of spatially distributedautonomous sensors to cooperatively monitor physical orenvironmental conditions [1]. It is becoming a significant enablingtechnology for a wide variety of applications such as:

health monitoring emergency response

Security

industrial automation

environment and agriculture applications

automotive and aeronautic applications

building automation

military applications e.t.c

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Introduction conts.

Health monitoring

Wireless sensor networks can greatly be used in healthcare areato monitor and track conditions of patients [2].

They can be used in conjunction with other wireless devices tocollect patients vital signs such as:

blood pressure

heartbeat rate

body temperature,

blood oxygen saturation blood sugar level e.t.c

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Why Using Wireless Sensors in Healthcare?

they eliminate medical errors by continuously collectmore accurate and objective information from patientsfor diagnosis.

they reduce workload and increase the efficiency ofhospital staff.

they improve the comfort of patients.

they allow remote monitoring of patients, freeinghospital resources and home care staff.

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Constraints of Bio-SensorWireless Networks

Despite the usefulness and many applications of wireless

sensor networks in healthcare, they have the following

constraints:

High energy consumption

Security Problem

Limited computational power.

Among the wireless sensor networks constraints energy

consumption is one of the main problem.

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Rationale

Wireless Sensor Networks can be deployed in remote or

difficultly accessible areas. As a result, they often cannot rely on

the power grid for their energy source, and recharging/changing

the batteries at all time may affect the performance of the

sensors [3][4].

In order to reach lifetimes of several months or years, WSNs not

only use energy-efficient micro-controllers and radios (hardware

implementation), but also implement power-efficient schemes at

the Medium-Access layer.

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Objectives

To analyze the energy dissipation characteristics of wireless

sensor nodes.

To simulate energy consumption at each node of the wireless

sensor networks. To encrypt the data transmitted between the devices using

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES).

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Methodology

The following devices will be used to carry out the

research:

Wearable Body Sensor Network (WBSN)

Mobile Phone (GPRS Enable) i.e Sony Ericsson or NokiaE75

Medical Server called An Intelligent Database Health

Management System (IDHMS).

Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) approachwill be used to minimize energy consumption at the sensor

nodes.

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System Architecture

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Medical doctor

Medical Server

ZigBee

GPRS

Sensors

Mobile Phone

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Intra-BAN Communications

ZigBee is used for intra-BAN communication

because of the following reasons:

It allows higher data rate of about 250Kbits/s at frequency

2.4GHz. It is available worldwide (unlicensed frequency).

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References

[1] I. F. Akyildiz, SuWeilian, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, and E. Cayirci, Asurvey on sensor networks, IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 40,

no. 8, pp. 102 114, August 2002.

[2] M. Perillo andW. Heinzelman, ASP: An adaptive energy-efficient

polling algorithm for Bluetooth piconets, in Proceedings of the

Hawaiian International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), 2003.[3] W. Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan, H. Balakrishnan, Energy-efficient

communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks,

Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on System Sciences

(HICSS '00), January 2000.

[4] J. Y. Khan and M. R. Yuce, Performance Evaluation of a Wireless

Body Area Sensor Network for Remote Patient Monitoring, in the

conference of the IEEE Engineering in

Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE EMBC08), (August 2008).

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