a dialogue with ashutosh sharma
DESCRIPTION
This is an interview with Professor Ashutosh Sharma of IIT-Kanpur. He was interviewed at Infosys, Bangalore, after he delivered a lecture.TRANSCRIPT
5/14/2018 A dialogue with Ashutosh Sharma - slidepdf.com
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/a-dialogue-with-ashutosh-sharma 1/3
EI AJIWKTQN]EJI
A[TTKI] QAEKIAK# WJC) >24# IJ) ># >2 HNI[NTU 42>4 >5
Nqf{}jqf Qfnt`n
Nqf{}jqf Qfnt`n &Mkrnt}`ki} jg Afk-
`eanc Kioeikkteio# Eimeni Eiq}e}{}k jg
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Eigjquq Qaekiak Gj{imn}eji }j rjr{cntexk
qaekiak ei }fk aj{i}tu) Fk onwk n }ncl ji
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quq# Dnioncjtk# ji 44 Qkr}k`dkt 42>>)
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fe`# inij}kafijcjou eq ij} }fk ‖feof-
}kaf― qaekiak nim e`rna}q kwktumnu cegk<
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we}u eq ncc ndj{} geimeio ajiika}ejiq
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}fn} ‖}fk rtjdck` eq `jtk e`rjt}ni} }fni
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wekkm Qfnt`n ng}kt feq }ncl) ]fk gjccj-
eio ntk kvaktr}q gtj` }fk ei}ktwek)
Ndj{} uj{t jtl jiinij}kafijcjou )))
Kwki dkgjtk inij}kafijcjou dkan`k n
d{xxjtm# k ktk cjjleio n} inij`k-afnieaq) Ei inij`kafnieaq# k }tu }j {i-
mktq}nim fj q`ncc-qanck quq}k`q qkcg-
jtoniexk) N `nhjt aji}ted{}eji jg `u
otj{r fnq dkki ei {imktq}nimeio qkcg-
jtoniexn}eji# o{emeio e} nim aji}tjcceio e}
ji q`ncc qanckq< nim }fki k {qk }fn} nq n
}jjc jg `eatj*inij gndtean}eji) _k tk-
aki}cu `nmk inijckiqkq du qkcg-
jtoniexn}eji# feaf }{tikm j{} }j dk n
{qkg{c rtjm{a}# dj}f ei }kt`q jg g{imn-
`ki}nc qaekiak nim }kafijcjou nrrcean-
}ejiq) _k ncqj cjjl n} `eatj- nim inij-
rn}}ktieio jg q{tgnakq< }j `nlk q{tgnakq
`jtk g{ia}ejinc# }j aji}tjc gtea}eji ji
}fk q{tgnak# nmfkqeji jt k}}eio rtjrkt-
}ekq &celk n}kt tkrkcckiak%) Inij}kv}{teio
q{tgnakq ei }fk ajiwki}ejinc nu j{cmdk kvrkiqewk) Qj k mkwkcjr ik }kafie-
~{kq dnqkm ji qkcg-jtoniexn}eji }j g{ia-
}ejincexk ajn}eioq)
_k jtl ji antdji `n}ktencq nim
mkweakq# ei rnt}ea{cnt n`jtrfj{q antdjiq
&jg wntueio otnrfe}ea aji}ki} nim rtjrkt-
}ekq% mktewkm gtj` rjcu`kt rtka{tqjtq)
_k ntk mkwkcjreio ik }kafie~{kq gjt
gndtean}eji jg `eatj*inij mkweakq nim
`n}ktencq }fn} ntk dnqkm ji antdji) Ei
rnt}ea{cnt# k ntk cjjleio n} gndtean}eji
jg an}ncu}ea gec}ktq# qkiqjtq# kcka}tj-
afk`eanc quq}k`q nim `eatjdn}}ktekq# ncc
jg feaf tk~{etk ik inij-ntafe}ka}{tk)
J{t j}fkt jtl eq tkcn}km }j nmfkqeji#
fktk k cjjl n} }j dnqea rtjdck`q ‑
`nleio q}ealu q{tgnakq jg iji-q}ealu
`n}ktencq# nim `nleio iji-q}ealu q{t-
gnakq jg }fk `n}ktencq }fn} ntk q}ealu# d{}
}fk ajiq}tnei} eq }j mj }fkqk }tniqgjt`n-
}ejiq e}fj{} afnioeio }fk `n}ktenc jt e}q
afk`eq}tu.
_k ntk ij cjjleio n} qj`k nqrka}q jg
mt{o mkcewktu {qeio antdji anrq{ckq)
N`jtrfj{q antdji eq dejaj`rn}edck nim
ani dk g{ia}ejincexkm< uj{ ani qkkl }fk
mt{o }ntok}# nim }fk }jvea `n}ktenc eqfemmki eiqemk }fk anrq{ck) Uj{ ani ncqj
qui}fkqexk inij`n}ktencq n} feof }k`rk-
tn}{tkq e}fei }fk antdji anrq{ck# feaf
aj{cm ij} dk mjik e}f `eatjk`{cqejiq) E
ncqj fnwk n rtjhka} e}f n `kmeanc ajcckok
ei C{alij nim }feq eiwjcwkq cjjleio n}
`jtk kggeaeki} `ntlktq gjt @TE e`noeio)
]fk `n}ktencq }fn} ntk {qkm gjt e`noeio
ntk feofcu }jvea nim ok} meqrktqkm ei }fk
djmu) Eg uj{ kianrq{cn}k }fkqk `n}ktencq
ei antdji anrq{ckq# uj{ ani mj e`noeio
nim }fk rnt}eackq ecc ij} aj`k ei aji}na}
e}f }fk }eqq{kq)
Ntknq uj{ ecc cjjl n} jwkt }fkikv} gewk ukntq )))
_k ecc aji}ei{k }j jtl ji inij-
`kafnieaq nim qkcg-jtoniexn}eji ei qjg}
inijq}t{a}{tkq# mt{o mkcewktu# dej-
e`noeio nim dej-qkiqeio) _k ntk ncqj
ojeio }j jtl ji fj }j eiatknqk }fk
ntkn jg fk}ktjh{ia}ejiq }j `nlk `jtk
kggeaeki} qjcnt akccq) _k fnwk n cj} jg
eim{q}tenccu tkckwni} rtjhka}q) Jik q{af
rtjhka} eq tkcn}km }j mk}ktokiau ‑ fj
mjkq n rnt}eack q}eal ji}j n q{tgnak# fn}
gjtakq ntk eiwjcwkm nim fj ani k aji-
}tjc }fjqk gjtakq }j tk`jwk }fk rnt}eackq:
_k j{cm aji}ei{k j{t jtl ji an}ncu}eakdq nim gec}ktq {qeio inijgedtkq gjt
kiwetji`ki}nc tk`kmen}eji) Dkqemkq# k
ntk `nleio antdji mkweakq)
Uj{t nrrtjnaf }j tkqkntaf )))
_k aj`deik }fk `kafnieaq# `n}ktencq nim
`ni{gna}{teio nqrka}q# tn}fkt }fni cjjl-
eio n} knaf jik jg }fk` ei eqjcn}eji) _k
rnu qrkaenc n}}ki}eji }j }feioq }fn} ntk
qancndck gjt `ni{gna}{teio nim }kaf-
ie~{kq }fn} ntk rjt}ndck natjqq n wntek}u
jg `n}ktencq# q{af }fn} }fk }kafie~{k jg
gndtean}eji eq ij} qj`k}feio }fn} jtlq
jicu e}f jik `n}ktenc) _k ncnuq lkkr
ei `eim fk}fkt fn} k ntk rtjrjqeio
ani dk {qkm gjt `nqq `ni{gna}{teio jt
}fk }kafie~{k eq ce`e}km jicu }j tkqkntaf)
Ij `n}}kt fj rjktg{c n }kafie~{k eq#
eg uj{ aniij} `nlk jik `ecceji rekakq
{qeio }fk qn`k }kafie~{k }fki e} eq ij}
ojeio }j qktwk }fk r{trjqk) ]feq eq qj`k-
}feio wktu gk qaeki}eq}q nrrtkaen}k)
]fktk ntk cj}q jg dtknl}ftj{ofq# d{} }fku
ntk ce`e}km }j cndq)
]fk rfecjqjrfu E fnwk fnm ndj{} mjeio
tkqkntaf eq }fn} eg E lij kwktu}feio ndj{}ni ntkn# E mji―} jtl ji e} niu g{t}fkt)
Qj# kwktu gewk‑qev ukntq k afniok }fk
ntknq k jtl ji) E} mjkq `kni n cj} jg
nq}nok ncqj ei }fk qkiqk }fn} k fnwk }j
r{} ei n cj} jg ik kiktou nim }e`k ei
{imktq}nimeio nim mjeio qj`k}feio ik
ei ni ntkn ei feaf uj{ mji―} fnwk n
dnalotj{im) E} eq ojjm gjt rktqjinc
otj}f# kwki }fj{of e} `nu ij} ncnuq
dk ojjm gjt rtjgkqqejinc otj}f dkan{qk
}fktk eq n cno }e`k dkgjtk k an}af {r
e}f j}fkt rkjrck) Fjkwkt# k cknti
qj`k}feio ei }fk rtjakqq nim qj`k}e`kqdnqea qe`rck }feioq }fn} `jq} qrkaenceq}q
j{cm jwktcjjl mj }{ti {r.
]nleio r{dceqfkm jtl }j }fkcnu`ni )))
E} eq n ~{kq}eji jg mk}necq }fn} tknaf }fk
cnu`ni) ]fk jtl k mj tknafkq }fk cnu-
`ni }ftj{of }fk rjr{cnt rtkqq) D{} uj{
aniij} ok} naa{tn}k qaeki}egea tkrjt}eio ei
j{t aj{i}tu. _fn} E }kcc tkrjt}ktq nim
fn} }fku te}k qj`k}e`kq fnq ij ajttk-
cn}eji) Kntcu ji ei `u antkkt E {qkm }j
jtl ei dej`kmeanc ntknq celk ajtiknc
j{im fknceio# mtu kukq nim q}k` akccq
5/14/2018 A dialogue with Ashutosh Sharma - slidepdf.com
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/a-dialogue-with-ashutosh-sharma 2/3
EI AJIWKTQN]EJI
A[TTKI] QAEKIAK# WJC) >24# IJ) ># >2 HNI[NTU 42>4 42
gjt ajtikn) E nq n g{cc-}e`k tkqkntaf gna-
{c}u n} }fk Qafjjc jg @kmeaeik ei }fk [Q
dkgjtk E tk}{tikm }j Eimen) N} }fk }e`k
fki k ktk mkwkcjreio }fktnrekq nim
{imktq}nimeio }fk an{qk jg mtu kukq# jik
jg }fk in}ejinc ikqrnrktq tkrjt}km ngniau q}jtu ndj{} n >22+ kggka}ewk }fktnru
}fn} E fnwk mkwkcjrkm) E tkakewkm ck}}ktq
gtj` rkjrck ncc jwkt }fk jtcm nqleio gjt
fkcr) E fnm ikwkt qnem }j }fk tkrjt}kt }fn}
E fnm n }fktnru< E }jcm fe` }fn} k ntk
cjjleio n} e}) D{} {ickqq rjr{cnt rtkqq
tkrjt}q n }fktnru# ijdjmu j{cm }nlk ni
ei}ktkq} ei tknmeio e}< qj }fku `nlk }fk
q}jtu qkiqn}ejinc) ]feq rtjakqq ajiwkuq
ni e`rtkqqeji }fn} eq qaeki}egeanccu
einaa{tn}k jt meqfjikq}) Qj E n` ntu jg
rjr{cnt rtkqq) E tj}k ck}}ktq }j }fk `ni-
nok`ki} aj`rcneieio }fn} einaa{tn}k
}feioq ntk dkeio tkrjt}km nim }fku qfj{cm
fnwk n tkrjt}kt e}f n qaekiak dnal-
otj{im) Qj jik ceil jg ok}}eio }j }fk
cnu`ni ndj{} qaekiak eq }fk rjr{cnt
rtkqq# d{} eg }fn} eq ij} g{ia}ejieio kcc
uj{ ani ikwkt ok} niu}feio }j }fk cnu-
`ni) Uj{ jicu ok} q}jtekq# ij} qaekiak)
Gtj` cndjtn}jtu }j eim{q}tu nim`ntlk}rcnak )))
]feq eq n wktu aj`rckv eqq{k) ]kafijcjou
eq ij} n qeiock }feio) Gjt eiq}niak# eg uj{
{qk n mk}ktoki}# e} eq ij} n qeiock }kafij-cjou< }fktk ntk qkwktnc nqrka}q jg `nleio
n ojjm mk}ktoki}) N aj{rck jg }fjqk
nqrka}q `eof} fnwk aj`k gtj` `u otj{r#
nim n aj{rck `eof} fnwk aj`k gtj`
qj`kfktk kcqk# nim f{imtkmq jg }fk`
nctknmu kveq}km) ]fk wnc{k nmme}eji }j
}kafijcjou eq geinccu eiatk`ki}nc) E} eq
ij} }fn} uj{ ntk ojeio }j meqajwkt n ik
mk}ktoki}< }fn} ecc ij} fnrrki dkan{qk e}
eq ni jcm-nok }kafijcjou) Uj{ aniij} qnu
fki e} eq ojeio }j dk ei }fk `ntlk}) Ei
niu anqk j{t notkk`ki}q e}f }fk aj`-
rniekq ikwkt }kcc {q fn} eq ei }fk `ntlk}
nim fn} eq ij}) ]fn} eq ndj{} aj`rckv
}kafijcjoekq# n aj`dein}eji jg qkwktnc
gna}jtq)
Ji }fk j}fkt fnim# n qeiock }kafijcjou
ani dk e``kmen}kcu qkki ei }fk `ntlk})
]kafijcjou }tniqgkt jg n qeiock rtjm{a}
jt n qeiock rtjakqq mkrkimq cntokcu ji
}fk eim{q}tu }fn} eq ojeio }j real e} {r
nim ji }fk ei}kt`kmentekq jt q}nt}-{rq#
feaf ecc rtjm{ak n rtj}j}urk nim }fki
ajjtmein}k e}f }fk eim{q}tu }j qkcc e}) ]fk
eim{q}tu ecc }fki fnwk }j `nqq `ni{gna-
}{tk jt `ntlk} }fk rtjm{a}) ]feq rktejm
ani dk niufktk dk}kki gewk ukntq }jeigeie}k ukntq) E} aniij} dk ckqq }fni gewk
ukntq) Eg e} eq n fknc}f rtjm{a}# }fki e}
aj{cm dk `{af cjiokt< uj{ ikkm }j anttu
j{} nie`nc nim f{`ni }kq}eio# }nlk GMN
nrrtjwncq# k}a) nim e} aj{cm fnwk n cntok
okq}n}eji rktejm)
E} eq ij} tknqjindck }j kvrka} n rtjgkq-qjt }j tneqk `jiku gjt tkqkntaf# anttu j{}
tkqkntaf# o{emk q}{mki}q# r{dceqf rnrktq#
lkkr naaj{i}q# }knaf# oj }j ajigktkiakq
nim `kk}eioq# mj nm`eieq}tn}eji nim }fki
ncqj mj }kafijcjou }tniqgkt# feaf `kniq
t{i ng}kt n cj} jg aj`rniekq# nim }fki qkk
fn} eq }fk kajij`u jg qanck nim fn} eq
}fk `ntlk} gjt e}) E} mjkq ij} fnrrki nim
ecc ij} fnrrki) Qj {ickqq k fnwk n
q}tkn`ceikm quq}k` q{af nq `niu q}nt}-
{rq# feaf }nlkq }feioq gtj` nanmk`en#
}tniqcn}kq }fk`# mkwkcjrq rtj}j}urkq gjt
gk ukntq# ok}q g{imeio gtj` qj`kfktk
&eiac{meio eim{q}tekq%# lijq fktk }fk
tk~{etk`ki}q ntk# }feq rtjakqq jg }kaf-
ijcjou }tniqgkt ecc ikwkt dk aj`rck}k)
Inij}kafijcjou tkqkntaf ei Eimenji }fk jtcm qakik )))
Afein eq ackntcu ~{e}k nfknm jg {q) Nc-
}fj{of MQ]―q inij`eqqeji fnq `nmk }tk-
`kimj{q e`rna} du h{`r q}nt}eio }fk
inij-tkqkntaf ei Eimen# k ikkm }j qanck-
{r j{t kggjt}q nim i{`dktq nim ~{nce}u n
cj}) Aj`r{}kt qaekiak eq jik jg }fk
q}tkio}fq jg }fk Eimeni kajij`u# dkan{qkaj`rntkm }j `niu j}fkt eim{q}tekq# }fk
E] qka}jt fnq mjik tn}fkt kcc) _k fnwk
ij} dkki qj aj`rk}e}ewk ei `ni{gna}{t-
eio) Kwki ei }fk qka}jt fktk k fnwk
mjik kcc# k fnwk ij} rtjm{akm Rf Mq
ei q{ggeaeki} i{`dktq) Eg k cjjl n}
Afein E }feil e} rtjm{akq 1222 Rf Mq rkt
uknt ei }fk qn`k qka}jt) ]fktk eq ndqj-
c{}kcu ij aj`rnteqji dk}kki fktk k
ntk nim fktk k ni} }j dk) _k mj
ikkm Rf Mq< k ikkm rkjrck fj fnwk
qj`k nmwniakm lijckmok ndj{} akt}nei
}feioq nim fj fnwk qrki} `jtk }e`k
}feileio mkkrkt ndj{} }fk rtjdck`q nim
fj }j qjcwk }fk`) Eg uj{ cjjl n} }fk in-
}ejinc eiq}e}{}kq jg }kafijcjou# E }feil
fncg }fket gna{c}u `nu ij} kwki fnwk
Rf Mq) Eg k mji―} fnwk ~{nce}u tkqkntaf-
ktq nim ~{nce}u }knafktq# k ntk ij} ojeio
}j rtjm{ak n qkajim okiktn}eji jg ~{nce}u
tkqkntafktq)
Inij}kafijcjou aj{tqkq n} }fk{imktotnm{n}k ckwkc )))
E ncnuq }fj{of} ndj{} }feq nq ij} dkeio n
otkn} emkn) Ei ce`e}km ~{ni}e}ekq nim n} ngk rcnakq e} eq q}ecc ij} n rtjdck` nim e}
eq ncqj gnetcu acknt }fn} `jq} {iewktqe}ekq
ntj{im }fk jtcm mji―} fnwk n mkotkk
rtjotn``k ei inij}kafijcjou n} }fk
{imktotnm{n}k ckwkc) ]fktk ntk qj`k }fn}
fnwk ojik nfknm e}f e}# d{} }fkqk i{`-
dktq ntk q{ggeaeki}cu q`ncc nim }fku eccfnwk n `ntlk}) Ng}kt otnm{n}eio `jq} jg
}fkqk rkjrck `eof} real {r nij}fkt
mkotkk# nim mj qj`k `jtk jtl) Inij-
}kafijcjou eq ji n mewktqegueio `jmk# e}
eq ij} n qeiock meqaerceik< qj jik aj{cm dk
n fknc}f tkqkntafkt# n rfuqeaeq}# n afk`-
eq}# jt ni kioeikkt jg }ki meggktki} leimq#
mjeio inij}kafijcjou)
G{imeio# }fk tknqji dkfeiminij}kafijcjou an}afeio {r )))
E} eq n ocjdnc rfkij`kiji< e} eq ij} ce`-e}km }j Eimen) ]fktk eq akt}neicu `jtk
g{imeio gjt inij}kafijcjou< E j{cm qnu
tj{ofcu 72‑?2+ jg }fk g{imeio ocjdnccu#
ij `n}}kt ei feaf ntkn# eq tkcn}km ei
qj`k nu }j inij) E} ncqj `kniq }fn}
`jtk rkjrck jtl ei }fn} ntkn nim e} eq
wktu aj`rk}e}ewk) Eg uj{ oj }j }fk [Q#
}fk afniakq jg ok}}eio g{imeio gjt n rtj-
hka} ei n }tnme}ejinc tkqkntaf ntkn ntk
ikntcu xktj) ]feioq }fn} ktk g{imkm
}ki}u ukntq noj ecc ij} ok} g{imkm }j-
mnu) ]feq ackntcu `kniq }fn} }fktk ntk
`jtk rkjrck nim }fktk eq nalijckmok-
`ki} jg }fk gekcm# nim }feq fjcmq rtj`eqkgjt }fk g{}{tk) ]fktk eq `jtk g{imeio
dkan{qk }fktk eq rktakewkm ikkm nim `jtk
rkjrck jtleio ei }fk ntkn)
Ndj{} }fk }ftkn}q nim qakr}eaeq`q{ttj{imeio }fk {qk jg inij-rnt}eackq ei kwktumnu rtjm{a}q )))
Kwktu ik }kafijcjou fnq ajia{ttki}
k}feanc ajiaktiq nim anttekq e}f e} n akt-
}nei n`j{i} jg teql) Inij}kafijcjou eq
ij meggktki}< e} eq n wktu ncewk ntkn jg
tkqkntaf) N} }fk `j`ki} E mji―} lij eg }fktk eq n otkn} teql gtj` inij}kafijcjou
d{} }fktk eq ei}kiqk tkqkntaf q{ttj{imeio
}fkqk eqq{kq)
Jik aj{cm cjjl n} fn} aj{cm dk }fk
fknc}f kggka}q jg inijrnt}eackq jg meggkt-
ki} leimq# jt jg inij`n}ktencq nim inij-
mkweakq# d{} E mji―} }feil }fktk eq
niu}feio j{} }fktk feaf ngget`q }fn}
}fktk eq otkn} }ftkn} jg niu leim) Q}ni-
mntmq ntk dkeio kwjcwkm) Celk gjt niu
j}fkt }kafijcjou# uj{ ikkm }j fnwk q}ni-
mntmq gjt e}q {qk) Ackntcu uj{ qfj{cm ij}
eifnck rnt}eackq nim uj{ qfj{cm ij} kn}}fk`) ]fktk ntk acknt o{emkceikq gjt fj
5/14/2018 A dialogue with Ashutosh Sharma - slidepdf.com
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/a-dialogue-with-ashutosh-sharma 3/3
EI AJIWKTQN]EJI
A[TTKI] QAEKIAK# WJC) >24# IJ) ># >2 HNI[NTU 42>4 4>
uj{ ecc `nier{cn}k jt mknc e}f inij-
`n}ktencq) ]fktk ecc dk `jtk tkqkntaf#
`jtk tkrjt}q nim q}nimntmq# d{} e} eq ij}
qj`k}feio uj{ ani tjcc dnal) Kwki eg akt-
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