web viewdiccionario de la lengua española, the word . ... of these indians was called jamaica...
TRANSCRIPT
ESPAÑOL III h 7BRealidades-Capitulo 7B
Test Corrections will now be held on Monday and Thursday this weekEl 16 y el 19 de mayo 2016 en el Aula- 135
Short Clases today due to required KEYSTONE TESTS
El 16 de mayo 2016
HOME JOURNALWhat is the Home Journal ?HOME JOURNAL:
Every night -at least five (5) minutes
(0r more …..if needed) to create you own lesson using the :
Lesson of the day in class as your guide (grammar verbs….)
Must be professional, clean and neat. Easy to read
Easy to learn from
No drawings or marks….. clean neat profesional!!!!!!!
HOME
Not due this FridayWil be collected laterDate will post soon
TAREAPage 181 Negative Tu’ Form commands in review
Block I due tomorrow
Block II students will get page 181 tomorrowand it will be due Wednesday morning.
¡¡¡Estudien Uds.!!! Capitulo 7B
Test Corrections:
After school today Monday
el 16 de mayo 2016
Take Home evaluation was due today
Monday 16 May 2016Page 179 Review of vocabulary production.
A La Pizarra-Las Obras
SHORT CLASSES TODAY-Keystone Testing
VOCABULARIO 7B
la parrilla
El ArteCarmen Lomas Garza
Realidades 2 P. 372
Carmen Lomas Garza was born in Kingsville, Texas, in 1948. Inspired by her parent’s activism with the American G.I. Forum, Lomas Garza joined the Chicano Movement of the 1960s and 1970s. She is a graduate of the Texas Arts & Industry University, Juarez-Lincoln/Antioch Graduate School, and San Francisco
State University where she earned her M.A. in 1981. Lomas Garza is a recipient of numerous awards and has exhibited her work in galleries and museums across the United States.
la comida picante
•
1/17
Lección de hoy vienes, el 6 de mayo 2016
1. las obrasPresentación de las obras
fechatiempovocabulariogramáticaverbos
Repaso del examen de Capitulo 7A
midterm
Mandatos repaso de los mandatos formales
Affirmative and negative commands FORMAL and INFORMAL
Tu’ and Ud./Uds.
Repaso de En Busca de la verdad 6B
En Busca de la verdad 7A y 7B
Vocabulario de Episodio 9
Palabras de comprender
Certificado de nacimiento
tarjeta de estudiante
puede que
heredero
Estoy a cargo del casa
VOCABOLARIO 7B
Al Aire libre
Hacer una parrillada
el fosforo
la piedra
la carne de res
la carne de res
a la parrilla
A La Parrilla
El pollo asado
el pollo asado
asar
la mostaza
el durazno
el aguacate
cerezas
mayonesa
UNA CESTA
las nubes
la fogata
la leña
La hormiga
la mosca
SENDERO
Acompañar
Fuera de
El Taco
The TACOThe origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are theoretical.[1] According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of Diccionario de la Lengua Española, the word taco describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food ("Tortilla de maíz enrollada con algún alimento dentro, típica de México").[2] This meaning of the Spanish word "taco" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects "taco" is used to mean "wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; short, thick piece of wood." As used in this non-culinary way, the word "taco" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word "tache" and the English word "tack (nail).
According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of "taco" derives from its "plug" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling. However, indigenous origins for the culinary word "taco" are also proposed. One possibility is that the word derives from the Nahuatl word "tlahco", meaning "half" or "in the middle, "in the sense that food would be placed in the middle of a tortilla.[ Also, the Náhuatl word for the corn tortilla (an indigenous Pre-Columbian invention) is "tlaxcalli".
History of the TACO
The taco predates the arrival of Europeans in Mexico. There is anthropological evidence that the indigenous people living in the lake region of the Valley of Mexico traditionally ate tacos filled with small fish. Writing at the time of the Spanish conquistadors, Bernal Díaz del Castillo documented the first taco feast enjoyed by Europeans, a meal which Hernán Cortés arranged for his captains in Coyoacán. If one accepts the theory that the culinary word "taco" derives from its non-culinary usage in
Continental Spanish as opposed to indigenous etymological theories, it is not clear why the Spanish would have used a word in their own language to describe this indigenous food.Traditional tacosThere are many traditional varieties of tacos:
Tacos al pastor made with adobada meat.
• Tacos Al pastor/De Adobada ("shepherd style") are made of thin pork steaks seasoned with adobo seasoning, then skewered and overlapped on one another on a vertical rotisserie cooked and flame-broiled as it spins.
• Tacos de Asador ("spit" or "grill" tacos) may be composed of any of the following: carne asada
tacos; tacos de tripita ("tripe tacos"), grilled until crisp; and, chorizo asado (traditional Spanish style sausage).
• Each type is served on two overlapped small tortillas and sometimes garnished with guacamole, salsa, onions, and cilantro (coriander). Also prepared on the grill is a sandwiched taco called mulita ("little mule") made with meat served between two tortillas and garnished with Oaxaca style cheese. "Mulita" is used to describe these types of sandwiched tacos in the Northern States of Mexico, while they are known as Gringa in the Mexican south and are prepared using wheat flour tortillas. Tacos may also be served with salsa.
• Tacos de Cabeza or head tacos, in which there is a flat punctured metal plate from which steam emerges to cook the head of the cow. These include: Cabeza, a serving of the muscles of the head; Sesos ("brains"); Lengua ("tongue"); Cachete ("cheeks"); Trompa ("lips"); and, Ojo ("eye"). Tortillas for these tacos are warmed on the same steaming plate for a different
consistency. These tacos are typically served in pairs, and also include salsa, onion and cilantro (coriander) with occasional use of guacamole.
• Tacos de camarones ("shrimp tacos") also originated in Baja California in Mexico. Grilled or fried shrimp are used, usually with the same accompaniments as fish tacos: lettuce or cabbage, pico de gallo, avocado and a sour cream or citrus/mayonnaise sauce, all placed on top of a corn or flour tortilla.
• Tacos de Cazo for which a metal bowl filled with lard is typically used as a deep-fryer. Meats for these types of tacos typically include: Tripa ("tripe", usually from a pig instead of a cow); Suadero (tender beef cuts), Carnitas and Buche (Literally, "crop", as in bird's crop; here, it is fried pig's esophagus
• Tacos de lengua, beef tongue tacos.[12] Cooked in water with onions, garlic, and bay leaves for several hours until tender and soft, then sliced and sautéed in a small amount of oil. "It is said that unless a taqueria offers tacos de lengua, it
is not a real taqueria."
Two fish tacos in Bonita, California
1 Tacos de pescado ("fish tacos") originated in Baja California in Mexico, where they consist of grilled or fried fish, lettuce or cabbage, pico de gallo, and a sour cream or citrus/mayonnaise sauce, all placed on top of a corn or flour tortilla. In the United States, they were first popularized by the Rubio's fast-food chain, and remain most popular in California, Colorado, and Washington. In California, they are often found at street vendors, and a regional variation is to serve them with cabbage and coleslaw dressing on top.
2 Tacos dorados (fried tacos, literally, "golden tacos") called flautas ("flute", because of the shape), or taquitos, for which the tortillas are filled with pre-cooked shredded chicken, beef or barbacoa, rolled into an elongated cylinder and deep-fried until crisp. They are sometimes cooked in a microwave oven or broiled.
3 Tacos sudados ("sweaty tacos") are made by filling soft tortillas with a spicy meat mixture, then placing them in a basket covered with cloth. The covering keeps the tacos warm and traps steam ("sweat") which softens them.
As an accompaniment to tacos, many taco stands will serve whole or sliced red radishes, lime slices, salt, pickled or grilled chilis (hot peppers), and occasionally cucumber slices, or grilled cambray onions.
•• Tacos made with a carnitas filling
• Grilled shrimp taco• Tacos de suadero (grey) and chorizo (red) being
prepared at a taco stand
• Barbacoa tacos
Non-traditional variations
A hard-shell taco, made with a prefabricated shellHard-shell tacos
Beginning from the early part of the twentieth century, various styles of tacos have become popular in the United States and Canada.[15] An early appearance of a description of the taco in the United States in English was in a 1914 cookbook, California Mexican-Spanish Cookbook, by Bertha Haffner Ginger.[16] The style that has become most common is the hard-shell, U-shaped version described in a cookbook, The good life: New Mexican food, authored by Fabiola Cabeza de Vaca Gilbert and published in Santa Fe, New Mexico, in 1949.[17] These have been sold by restaurants and by fast food chains. Even non-Mexican oriented fast food restaurants have sold tacos. Mass production of this type of taco was encouraged by the invention of devices to hold the tortillas in the U-shape as they were deep-fried. A patent for such a device was issued to New York restaurateur Juvenico Maldonado in 1950, based on his patent filing of 1947 (U.S. Patent No. 2,506,305).[18][19] Such tacos are crisp-fried corn tortillas filled with seasoned ground beef, cheese, lettuce, and sometimes
tomato, onion, salsa, sour cream, and avocado or guacamole.
Soft-shell tacos
Traditionally, soft-shelled tacos referred to corn tortillas that were cooked to a softer state than a hard taco - usually by grilling or steaming. More recently the term has come to include flour tortilla based tacos mostly from large manufacturers and restaurant chains. In this context, soft tacos are tacos made with wheat flour tortillas and filled with the same ingredients as a hard taco.[21]
Crispy tacos
A crispy taco from a Sacramento, California taqueriaA mostly California variation where the (sometimes over-sized) corn tortilla is fried or deep-fried in oil
(originally, lard). The meat can be anything, such as ground beef, beef tip, "asada" (marinated skirt or flank steak), shredded beef, chicken or pork (carnitas) Ground beef is generally diluted with refried bean paste and/or potato, and heavily seasoned. The meat is generally topped with jack and/or cheddar cheese, lettuce and tomato (and sometimes avocado and/or sour cream), with salsa on top.
PUERTO RICO
Associated free state
Estado asociado libre
El Yunque
PUERTO RICO
El Coquí
ARECIBO
Arecibo(ah-re-SEE-boh)
br /> <iframe style="height: 150px; width: 300px;" src="http://www.mapquest.com/embed?hk=paDvt9" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frame scrolling="no"></iframeArecibo is the largest city in geographical size on the island. Located in the Northern Coastal Valley region, adjacent to karst
zone characterized by the presence of caves and wooded hills. Arecibo is bordering the Atlantic Ocean, north of Utuado and Lares; east of Hatillo; and west of Barceloneta and Florida.The city is bathed by two rivers, Grande de Arecibo, which runs through the middle of the city and the Tanamá River.Arecibo is known as La Villa del Capitán Correa, in memory of a battle fought successfully on its shores by Captain Antonio de los Reyes Correa and a handful of Spanish Army soldiers to repel a British invasion by sea lead by Admiral Whelstone in August 5, 1702. "La Ribera del Arecibo" (the shore of the Arecibo). or "El Díamante Del Norte" (the north diamond).Settled in 1556, Arecibo became the third Spanish settlement. Founded sixty years later, in 1616, when the King of Spain granted that section of land and the Indians on it to Lope Conchillos, under the governorship of Captain Felipe de Beaumont y Navarra. The leader (Indian chief) of these Indians was called Jamaica Aracibo, their yucayeque was named after him and ultimately the town was called by that same name.The town is also known as La Muy Leal Villa (very loyal).
Points of InterestYou can visit Cueva del Indio, an archeological site, the cave is located on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean, in Bo. Islote. It it is called The Cave of the Indian, because drawings of the Indians that lived in this area in the Prehistoric Era were found in the walls of the cave. Rt 681 Km 7.8.
The town has an official U.S. port entry. Located 16 km (10 mi) south
of Arecibo, Arecibo Observatory is a astronomical observatory, which is one of the world's most powerful radar-radio telescopes, and the largest single-unit radio telescope in the world. This instrument, inaugurated in 1963, employs a 1,000-foot (300 meter) spherical reflector consisting of perforated aluminum panels that focus incoming radio waves on movable antenna structures positions about 500 feet (168 meter) above the reflector surface. The antenna can be moved in any direction, making it possible to track a celestial object in different regions of the sky. It collects radio astronomy, terrestrial aeronomy, and planetary radar data for scientists around the world. The telescope was featured in the movies GoldenEye (1995) and Contact (1997).The National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center developed the observatory and it is operated by Cornell University under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation.
Conceived in 1958 by William E. Gordon, a Cornell professor of electrical engineering, the radio observatory has been operated, since its completion in 1963. The Arecibo Observatory owned by Cornell University, is powerful enough to receive signals transmitted by a comparable telescope located 1,000 light-years away. The facilities are open to the public Wednesday-Friday noon-4 p.m., Saturday and Sunday 9am - 4pm. Route 625, Bo. Esperanza, (787) 878-2612.
Arecibo is also home of the Cambalache Forest Reserve known as vivero or nursery because it contains plantations of eucalyptus, teak, and mahoe trees. Camping allowed in two areas. Water and showers, 8 trails and nearby beach. Rd #682 km 6.6., (787) 724-3724.The City Hall built in 1866, served as jail to "El Grito de Lares" participants in 1868. In 1918, the frontal section of the building was destroyed by a earth tremor. Repairs were made and a tower and clock were added to the building. In 1978, the building was restored to its original form.
The Antonio Nery Juarbe Airport is located five miles southeast of the central business district of Arecibo and 50 miles west of San Juan. Originally utilized for military purposes, today, the airport is utilized for the general aviation, with a daily average of eight takeoffs and landings. On March 31, 1947, the airport and all its installations were transferred by the Navy U.S. to the Authority of the Ports along with the Airport of Mayagüez and the old airport of Santa Isabel.
The Arecibo Lighthouse built by the Spaniards in 1898. This lighthouse still in use and was automated in 1964. In the premises, you'll find a museum with exhibits, a recreation area, a restaurant and sports facilities. Open Tue-Fri 9am-6pm, Sat-Sun 10am-7pm. Admissions: Adults $9, Children $7 and Parking $2. Carr. #655 Bo. Islote Sector El Muelle, (787) 880-
7540.Arecibo produces agricultural machinery, clothing, plastics, paper and sporting goods.
There are many well-known "arecibeños", among them:
• María Cadilla de Martinez, writer• Luisa Capetillo , Puerto Rico's most famous labor organizers• Cayetano Coll y Toste , historia• José Gomez Brioso• Francisco Gonzalo Marín, poet and politician• René Marquéz, dramatist• Antonio de los Reyes Correa, Captain of Infantry of the Spanish
Army• Victor Rojas• Manuel Zeno Gandia , writerArecibo is made up of 19 barrios (wards/districts):4Arenalejos5Arrozal6Cambalache7Carreas8Domingo Ruiz9Dominguito
10 Esperanza• Factor• Garrochales• Hato Abajo• Hato Arriba• Hato Viejo• Islote• Miraflores• Pueblo• Río Arriba• Sabana Hoyos• Santana• Tanamá
Things to See and Do In AreciboWant to know what to see and do in Arecibo? Discover few ideas for exploring and enjoying the city.
Festivals and Events• Carnaval del Capitán Correa - February • It's held in the Arecibo central plaza, where salsa groups and
other groups mingle.• Fiestas Patronales de San Felipe Apóstol - May • Festival Playero - July • Festival Folklorico - September • Festival del Ceti - November • The festival it's a tribute to fishermen.
Symbols
FlagThe flag of Arecibo derives its composition and colors from the Shield of the City. It is divided vertically in two equal parts. The left side is blue having a belt that stands for "Captain Correa", a local military hero from Spanish times. The right side is made up of blue and yellow diamonds alternating in a checkerboard pattern.
Coat of Arms
The shield is divided by diagonal lines in golden and blue rhombuses with a blue stripe in the superior part, in which resides an opened five-point crown and which is adorned with drawings characterizing the art of the Taínos. This combination of symbols represents the Indian Cacique (Chieftain) from whom the population's name derives, the governor that erected the town and the hero Captain Correa who defended it.
Anthem: Arecibo
ClimateArecibo annual precipitation is around 53.01 inches and the average temperature is 77.8°F. June is the warmest, February is the coolest, and May is the wettest month.
______________________Formal Commands
Commands are used when ordering, or telling someone to do something. This is often referred to as the "imperative" form of the verb.Compre Ud. el anillo.(You) Buy the ring.
Haga Ud. la tarea.(You) Do the homework.
Compren Uds. los libros.(You-all) Buy the books.
Hagan Uds. el trabajo.(You-all) Do the work.
You are well acquainted with the fact that Spanish has both a formal and an informal style of speech (tú / Ud.). This distinction applies to commands.
Compre Ud. el anillo.Buy the ring. (formal)
Compra (tú) los dulces.Buy the candy. (familiar)
Informal, or familiar, speech is used among friends, coworkers, relatives, or when addressing a child. Formal speech is generally used to be polite or to express
respect. For that reason, the formal commands are often referred to as polite commands.
The formal commands are formed the same way as the present subjunctive:11 Start with the yo form of the present
indicative.
12 Then drop the -o ending.
13 Finally, add the following endings:
-ar verbs:
-e (for Ud.), -en (for Uds.)-er and -ir verbs:-a (for Ud.), -an (for Uds.)
The following examples of formal
commands use three regular verbs: hablar, comer, and escribir.
Hable Ud. más lentamente.Hablen Uds. más lentamente.Speak more slowly.
Coma Ud. la cena.Coman Uds. la cena.Eat the dinner.
Escriba Ud. la carta.Escriban Uds. la carta.Write the letter.
Remember, if the first person singular (yo) form is irregular, that irregularity is carried over into the formation of the formal command.
Tengan Uds. un buen viaje. (yo tengo)
Have a good trip.
Traiga Ud. el dinero. (yo traigo)Bring the money.
Venga Ud. conmigo. (yo vengo)Come with me.
This also applies to stem-changing verbs.Cuente Ud. sus beneficios. (yo cuento)Count your blessings.
Vuelvan Uds. pronto. (yo vuelvo)Return quickly.
Pida dinero. (yo pido)Ask for money.
As with the present subjunctive, the following verbs are irregular:
Dar
dé Ud.den Uds.
estaresté Ud.estén Uds.
irvaya Ud.vayan Uds.
Ser
sea Ud.sean Uds.
Saber
sepa Ud.sepan Uds.
Note that affirmative and negative commands use the same verb forms.
Hable Ud.Speak.
No hable Ud.Don't speak.
Coma Ud.Eat.
No coma Ud.Don't eat.
Escriba Ud.Write.
No escriba Ud.Don't write.
Also note that the subject pronouns Ud. and Uds. may or may not be used. Using them adds a degree of formality or politeness to the command.
Hable.Speak.Hable Ud.Speak (sir). (more respectful)
Coma.Eat.
Coma Ud.
Eat (sir). (more polite)
Complete List
Formal Commands (Imperative)Use the present subjunctive forms
Hable Ud.Speak.
No hable Ud.Don't speak.
Coma Ud.Eat.
No coma Ud.Don't eat.
Escriba Ud.Write.
No escriba Ud.Don't write.
Irregular Formal Commands (Imperative)Same irregulars as the present subjunctive formsDar
dé Ud.den Uds.
Estar
esté Ud.
estén Uds.
irvaya Ud.vayan Uds.
sersea Ud.sean Uds.
sabersepa Ud.sepan Uds.
Formal Affirmative and Negative Commands
Formal commands are used when addressing people in a formal manner.
Use formal commands when addressing people you do not know well, people older than you, or people that you generally show respect (boss, teacher, priest, etc.) For all countries other than Spain, also use these commands to address any group of people.
Singular (usted)
• Pague la cuenta, por favor. (Pay the bill, please.)
• Sea amable. (Be nice.)
• Abra la ventana. (Open the window.)
Plural (ustedes)
Damas y caballeros, pasen por aquí. (Ladies and gentlemen, go
this way.)Vengan más temprano mañana. (Come earlier tomorrow.)Estudiantes, abran sus libros. (Students, open your books.)
Affirmative Formal Command FormsAll Ud. (usted) and Uds. (ustedes) commands are the same as the Ud. and Uds. present subjunctive forms.infinitive
usted present subjunctive
usted formal command
ustedes present subjunctive
ustedes formal command
hablar
hable hable hablen hablen
comer
coma coma coman coman
vivir viva viva vivan vivan
Pronoun Placement in Affirmative Formal Commands
Pronoun placement: the pronoun(s) is/are attached to the end of affirmative commands. To preserve the original stress of the verb in case it has more than one syllable, a written accent is added.
• Tráigamelo. (Bring it to me.)• Cómalo. (Eat it.)
Negative Formal
Commands!7B!Negative formal commands couldn’t be easier. All you have to do is add a negative word such as no in front of the affirmative formal command/usted present subjunctive form.
• No saquen sus libros. (Do not take out your books.)
• No ponga su bolsa aquí. (Do not put your purse here.)
• No vengan mañana. (Do not come tomorrow.)
Pronoun Placement in Negative Formal Commands
Pronoun placement: the pronoun precedes the verb in negative commands and follows the negative word.
• No se levante antes de leer el artículo. (Don’t get up before you read the article.)
• Nunca les compre dulces a los niños. (Never buy candy for the children.)
• Nunca se los compre. (Never buy it for them.)
get started (it's free!).
¡RECUERDEN UDS.!
Negative Tú CommandsNegative informal commands (negative informal imperative forms) are very different from affirmative informal commands. They are actually more similar to the formal commands in that they use the tú form of the present subjunctive of each verb.
• No compres la camisa. (Do not buy the shirt.)
•• No aprendas español. (Do
not learn Spanish!)•• ¡No escribas el ensayo! (Do
not write the essay!)•Always make sure you have a no or another negative word in front of the verb. This is what makes it negative.Another way to form the negative informal command if you already know your formal commands, is to add an -s to the end of the negative formal
command.
infinitive
negative formal command
negative informal command
comprar no compre no compresaprender no aprenda no aprendas
escribir
no escribano escribas
Irregular Negative Informal CommandsThere are no irregular negative informal commands. If a verb is irregular in the present subjunctive, it maintains the same irregular form in the negative informal command as well
Pronoun PlacementPronoun placement: the pronoun precedes (goes before) the verb in negative commands and after the negative word.
• No te levantes antes de comer tu calabaza. (Don’t get up before you eat your squash.)
• Nunca les compres dulces a los niños. (Never buy candy for the children.)
• Nunca se los compres. (Never buy it for them.)
