“a drivers manual” - aia san...

“A Drivers Manual”

Charlie Stott – Leddy Maytum Stacy Architects

Amy Leedham EHDD ArchitectsAmy Leedham – EHDD Architects

Stet Sanborn – Integral Group Engineers

May 21: “A Drivers Manual”

Future Programs:g• June 11: “The Sound of Rubber Hitting the Road” …Process & Modeling

• October 2013: “Taking the Wheel”October 2013: Taking the Wheel …Half Day Charette at PEC

• January 2014: “The Uphill Climb” …Renewable Energy Systems…Renewable Energy Systems

What is the AIA 2030 Commitment?What is the AIA 2030 Commitment?www.aia.org/about/initiatives/aiab079458

“Adopted by

Approx. 295 million GSF

the National AIA in 2007”

Approx. 361 million GSF1) Download Commitment Letter, Sign It & Return to AIA

2) Establish Sustainability Leadership (Letter within 2 months)

3) Implement Firm Operational Action Items (within 6 months)

4) Develop a Sustainability Action Plan (within 1 year)

5) Report Progress Annually toward Net Zero Building Energy Use

What is the AIA 2030 Commitment?What is the AIA 2030 Commitment?



Fossil fuel consumption reduction targets for new buildings and renovationsSource: Energy Information Administration Statistics and Pew Climate Report

Fossil fuel consumption reduction targets for new buildings and renovations

Why the AIA 2030 y t e 030Commitment?

45%55% Approx. 295 million GSF55%


INDUSTRY TRANSPORTATION BUILDINGSINDUSTRY23%

TRANSPORTATION28%

BUILDINGS49%

Source: Energy Information Administration Statistics and Pew Climate Report

U.S. ENERGY CONSUMPTIONSource: Architecture 2030 / Data Source: US Energy Information Administration


45%55% Approx. 295 million GSF

Global Warming: Helping stop the problem by 2030. Client Desires: Building Lifespan & Energy Costs J i di ti l R i t55%

Approx. 361 million GSF Jurisdictional Requirements: State & Local Codes. Business: Opens doors to new work & clients. Leadership: Help clients understand the issues.p Integrated Practice: Low energy design = 2nd nature. Database Reporting: Setting & updating benchmarks. Awards: AIA will require combined design + energy metrics Awards: AIA will require combined design + energy metrics.Low Energy Design = Great Design = Great Story!


55%

Emissions by 2030 as a Tipping Point for eventual temperature stabilization

55%Approx. 361 million GSF

WG

1 A

R-4

.)20

07 IP

CC

W


Why the AIA 2030 y t e 030Commitment?CALIFORNIA STRATEGIC PLAN:

55%

CALIFORNIA STRATEGIC PLAN:1. All new residential construction in

California will be required to be zero net energy by 2020.

2 All new commercial construction in55%Approx. 361 million GSF

2. All new commercial construction in California will be required to be zero net energy by 2030.

3. 50% of existing buildings will be zero net energy by 2030zero net energy by 2030.

By 2035, 3/4 of the U.S. building stock will be either new or renovated.source: architecture 2030


http://www.californiaenergyefficiency.com/docs/EEStrategicPlan.pdf

Implement Firm Operation Action ItemsHow?

p pEnergy Use Calculate firm’s baseline energy intensity Energy Star rated equipment and appliances


gy q p pp Replacement of incandescent lamps with fluorescent

Waste Reduce paper consumption by using electronic documents55%


p p p y g Institute a firm-wide recycling policy Purchase environmentally friendly cleaning supplies

Transportationp Incentives for employees who ride share, walk, or bike Establish a policy for offsetting firm travel Fuel efficient rental cars encouraged for firm travel

Meetings Encourage virtual meetings when possible Paperless technology for agendas, handouts, etc…

Develop Sustainability How?

e e op Susta ab tyAction PlanSustainable OperationsS t t i bl ti l i d t d i


Set sustainable operations goals aimed at reducing the negative impact of firm operations

Set Sustainable Design GoalsD i j t t d th t f f il f l55%


Design projects to reduce the amount of fossil-fuel based energy used to align with 2030 goals regardless if required by client

St ff T i i Ed tiStaff Training + Education Ensure staff is invested in the firm’s sustainable design goals and can contribute to the success

D l B i St tDevelop a Business StrategyCommunicate why a sustainable design approach is important and why the firm is qualified

2030 Commitment Benchmarks

Establish Energy BenchmarkingHow?

gy g



(CBECS) – 2003, Labs 21EnergyStar Target Finder

MetricsHow?

Metrics Defined



MetricsHow?

1.5

1 2 1 21.4

1.6

LPD Benchmark and 25% Reduction Target

Metrics Defined

1.2 1.2

1

0.7

1.125

0.9 0.9

0.75

0.5250 6

0.8

1

1.2

Watts/SF


0.525

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

Retail Hospital School Office MultiFamily55%Approx. 361 million GSF

Maximum lighting power density per nit area of a b ilding allo ed b code

Retail Hospital School Office Multi‐Family

Building Type

unit area of a building allowed by code (ASHRAE 90.1) according to the classification of space function or building type g yp

Goal: reduce as much as possible through better fixture selection

MetricsHow? Site Energy Use Intensity

(kBTU/SF)For Selected Building Types

25th Percentile ‐‐Median ‐‐ 75th PercentileMetrics Defined 169

29

43

279

101

110

196

51

73

Hospital

Retail

Multi‐Family


37

63

94

138

57

94

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

K‐12

Office

55%Predicted Energy Use Intensity Divide total kBtu/year by Gross

EUI National Survey Data, 2003 CBECS Database

Square Feet to yield the Predicted EUI in kBtu/sf/yr. Based on Energy Models or Anticipated Goal

Tip: This information is easiest to obtain from your mechanical engineer or Title-24 engineer.

MetricsHow? Site Energy Use Intensity

(kBTU/SF)For Selected Building Types

25th Percentile ‐‐Median ‐‐ 75th PercentileMetrics Defined 169

29

43

279

101

110

196

51

73

Hospital

Retail

Multi‐Family


37

63

94

138

57

94

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

K‐12

Office

55%Energy Use Intensity: Total Energy from your utility bill or on-site building measurement

EUI National Survey Data, 2003 CBECS Database

on site building measurement system divided by your building area

G l Q tifGoal: Quantify energy use per square foot for building type.G61 million GSF

Reporting Data Sent to AIA AnnuallyHow?

Project identifier (internal)

p g y


Gross Square Feet

Building Occupancy Type

Is the project modeled?55%Approx. 361 million GSF

Is the project modeled?

EUI from Modeled Projects or

D i E C d fDesign Energy Code for Non-Modeled Projects

Lighting Power Density

Feedback from Reported DataHow?

p



“A key value of the 2030 Commitment is the act of t ki th f f k Of


tracking the energy performance of work. Of course results matter. But real change happens when you look

t h th d t i f d i ti ”55%Approx. 361 million GSF

at how the data can inform and improve your practice.”

201145%

55% Approx. 295 million GSF

2011Results

55%Approx. 361 million GSF

216 Firms Total (1.5% of AIA Firms)

29% are firms of under 20 staff



2414

6

24

Numbers of Participating vs. Reporting Firms, by Size, in 2011

f Firm

sN

umbe

r of

Firm Size (No. of Employees)

Total Gross Square Footage of Active Design Projects

656 2

384.9illi GSF

656.2million GSF

ons

GS

F

million GSF

Mill

io

Average Firm PEUI Reduction from National Average

nt R

educ

tion

35% 34.6%Per

cen

Average Firm Lighting Power Density (LPD) Reduction

educ

tion

21%

Per

cent

Re

“It’s worth remembering that the purpose of the AIA 2030 g p pCommitment—including both the reporting process and the data

produced—is first and foremost to help firms improve the outcomes of projects over time. The purpose of collecting and

publishing data is to guide this process of improvement.

The AIA 2030 Commitment is about our collective power to strive for improvement on every project we touch.”strive for improvement on every project we touch.

R b t I FAIA EVP/CEO Th A i I tit t f A hit t -- Robert Ivy, FAIA, EVP/CEO The American Institute of Architects

Resources + Education 50 to 50 www.aia.org/fiftytofiftyPresents “Principles and Practices” to reachPresents Principles and Practices to reach 50% fossil fuel reduction targets.

AIA 2030 Toolkithttps://info.aia.org/toolkit2030/index.html Resources for Advocacy (Policy & Incentives); Design; & Community Outreach

Whole Building Design Guide http://www wbdg org/design/minimize consumption phphttp://www.wbdg.org/design/minimize_consumption.phpAn integrated approach to energy efficient building design strategies and case studies.

AIA COTE Top 10 Awards www.aiatopten.org/Top quality design with exemplary metrics.

2030 Palette http://blog.2030palette.orgWeb platform of design ideas & strategies.

Renewable Energy Resource:http://solar-estimate.org/. Solar & Wind calculators; renewable installers & programs; incentives.

GETTING TO

…BY 2030

PROJECT DESCRIPTIONINTEGRAL GROUP NET ZERO ENERGY OFFICE (ID A )OFFICE (IDeAs)

SIZE7,000 SF

CLIENTCLIENTIntegral Group are building systems engineers with a strong commitment to sustainability, and also served

th i f thias the engineers for this project.

COMPLETED20072007

UNDERSTAND THE CONTEXTSITE CONDITIONS

UNDERSTAND THE CONTEXTEXISTING BUILDING CONDITIONS

UNDERSTAND THE CONTEXTBENCHMARK ENERGY USE

TYPICAL CA OFFICE ENERGY USE

IDENTIFY THE TARGET

What if ?What if….?

…we designed an all electric, super efficient building and then offset all of its power requirements with PV’s?

Scott Shell, AIAconceptual design charrette, September 9, 2005

AND GET EVERYONE ON BOARD

REDUCE ENERGY USE THROUGH PASSIVE STRATEGIES

PASSIVE STRATEGIESDAYLIGHT

PASSIVE STRATEGIESCONTROL SOLAR HEAT GAIN

PASSIVE STRATEGIESNATURAL VENTILATION

PASSIVE STRATEGIESINCREASED WALL & CEILING INSULATIONINSULATION

R-19 wallsR 19 walls

R-30 ceilings

CONTROL THERMAL TRANSMISSION

+ $75,000 Premium for installed glazing

$‐ $150,000 Eliminate perimeter heating system

= $75,000 first cost savings

l $300 000 (35kW) i PV t d i iplus $300,000 (35kW) in PV system downsizing

PASSIVE STRATEGIESCAN GET YOU TO MOST OF THE WAY TO THE CURRENT TARGETTHE CURRENT TARGET

REDUCE ENERGY USE THROUGH EFFICIENT SYSTEMS

LOW HANGING FRUIT: MECHANICAL SYSTEMS

• Radiant heating• Radiant cooling• Ground source heat pump• Natural ventilation• Dedicated OA air handler• CO2 sensors - demand

ventilation• Displacement ventilation• Night time purge• Heat pump waste heat

capture for warm water

LOW HANGING FRUIT: ELECTRIC / LIGHTING SYSTEMS

• High efficiency light sources• Task/ambient lighting• Individual occupancy sensor task

• Occupancy sensor based plug load control

• Wireless datalighting controls

• Occupancy sensor ambient lighting controlsLi ht ll ti d ti

• VOIP

• Light pollution reduction• Daylighting• Daylight switching photosensors

D li ht di i h t• Daylight dimming photosensors• Photovoltaic system• Upsized wiring

ff f

computer model

• High efficiency transformer• Energy star equipment

actual photograph

HIGHER COST: MECHANICAL SYSTEMS

• Radiant heating• Radiant cooling• Ground source heat pump• Natural ventilation• Dedicated OA air handler• CO2 sensors - demand

ventilation• Displacement ventilation• Night time purge• Heat pump waste heat

capture for warm water

HIGHER COST: ELECTRIC / LIGHTING SYSTEMS

• High efficiency light sources• Task/ambient lighting• Individual occupancy sensor task

lighting controls• Occupancy sensor ambient lighting

controlsLi ht ll ti d ti• Light pollution reduction

• Daylighting• Daylight switching photosensors

D li ht di i h t• Daylight dimming photosensors• Photovoltaic system• Upsized wiring

ff f

computer model

• High efficiency transformer• Building Energy Monitoring• Energy star equipment

actual photograph

BEST OFFICE PRACTICE: MINIMIZE PLUG LOADS

• High efficiency equipment• Software based shut off• Occupancy based controls• Security system based shutdown

EFFICIENT SYSTEMSCAN GET YOU BEYOND CURRENT TARGET 60% REDUCTIONTARGET: 60% REDUCTION.

TYPICAL US OFFICE : 90 KBTU/FT2TYPICAL CAL OFFICE 40 60 KBTU/FT2TYPICAL CAL OFFICE 40-60 KBTU/FT2IDEAS OFFICE: 21.17 KBTU/FT2

GENERATE THE REMAINING REQUIRED ENERGY ON SITE

BUILDING INTEGRATED PV’S COVER ½ BUILDING AREA

• All electric building• Net zero energy• Zero carbon emissions

Analysis: PV system incentives

• PV Capacity 30 kW DC/ 28kW AC• 42,707 kWh / year

• Estimated PV Cost:$255,000 installed cost ($8.50/watt)‐72,602 CEC rebate BIPV ($0.34/kWh x 42,707 kWh/yr x 5yrs)31,858 tax on CEC rebate (35% fed tax, 8.854% state tax)31,858 tax on CEC rebate (35% fed tax, 8.854% state tax)‐76,500 30% federal tax credit‐89,250 accelerated depreciation* (35% federal corp tax)$48,506 cost of system after 5 years

* calculation does not include the time cost of capital

• the cost after rebates, tax credits and depreciation is about 19% of the installed costinstalled cost.

• Energy savings at $ 0.16 / kWh = $6,833/year• Payback is about 7.1 years

26

Analysis: Estimated additional cost for “Z Squared”

$20,000 97 500

cost of upgraded glasst f di t h i l t

Key differences from a conventional building:

97,500

38,000 48,500

cost of radiant mechanical system over traditional system.

cost of concrete for radiant floorcost of PV systems (after rebates and tax ,

$204 000

y (incentives)

total$204,000244,800

totaltotal with soft costs

$4,100,0006.3%

total cost of buildingpremium to build a net zero energy building

27

CBE Post-Occupancy Survey

for more information: www.z2building.com

Project team

David and Stephania Kaneda, Owners

EHDD Architecture, Architects www.ehdd.com

Rumsey Engineers Inc., Mechanical and Plumbing Engineerswww.rumseyengineers.com

Integrated Design Associates, Inc., Electrical Engineers and Lighting Designwww.ideasi.com

Tipping and Mar + Associates, Structural Engineerswww.tippingandmar.com

Carroll Engineering , Civil Engineerwww.carrollengineering.com

MPA Design, Landscape Architectswww.mpadesign.com

Hillhouse Construction, General Contractorwww.hillhouseconstruction.com

“a drivers manual” - aia san...

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