a late ptolemaics statue of hathor from her temple at dendereh

7/30/2019 A LATE PTOLEMAICS STATUE OF HATHOR FROM HER TEMPLE AT DENDEREH

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A Late Ptolemaic Statue of Hathor from Her Temple at Dendereh

Author(s): Hermann RankeSource: Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 65, No. 4 (Oct. - Dec., 1945), pp. 238-248Published by: American Oriental SocietyStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/595463 .

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A LATEPTOLEMAICTATEEOF HATHORFROMHER TEMPLEAT DENDEREHHERMSN RANE:E

UNIVERSITY FPENNSYLVANLAIN MAT1940, a life-size torsol of gray-blackgranite,2with severalcolumnsof an inscriptionnPtolemaichieroglyphsa as acquired by the IJni-versityMuseumof the Universityof Pennsylvaniain Philadelphia, ndreceived he inventory umber40-19-3.A first brief report,with a front-viewphoto-graph,was published n the MuseumBulletin ofSeptember,19aIOahile a comprehensiveublica-tion had to be postponeduntil a more thoroughinvestigationof this interestingpiecewasmade.

I. THE STSTUEThe statue representsa womanstanding,withher leCtleg advanced,against a narrowpillar,whichprobablyeached p to thebackofherneck.4Sheis clothed n at leasttwogarments.Theloweronehas shortsleeves,of whichonly the right oneis visible. It is rathertightly fitting but showsflat folds runningfrom the right shoulderdownto thebreast. ()verthis, an uppergarment,appar-ently of somewhatheavier exture,5s worn. Thisuppergarment,a kind of shawl or cloakdraped

closelyoverthe figure,is evidentlya rectangularpiece of clothfringedon one border. ()ne end ofit was wrappedaboutthe waist to form a skirtreaching o the feet. The freeend,which boretheIringe,was drawnacross he right side,undertheright slloulder,across he breastand overthe leCtshoulder.Thefringenowhungoverthe left wrist,half the border howing n frontandhalf hangingdownthe back. The latterhalf wasdrawncloselyacrossthe backand a cornerof it broughtunder1The exact measurements of the torso are: height127 cm., greatest breadth 44cm., greatest depth 30cm.3 According to a mineralogical analysis the statueconsists of ' andesite.' In the lorer parts of the statuethe stone shows whitish striations of quartz.8 Together with two other Egyptian monuments inthe possession of Mr. H. Kevorkian of New York City.4As is the case for example with Philadelphia E 975,an approximately contemporarystatue of a man from:&optos.6 Whether of linen or of wool it is difficult to say.If the passage in Eerodotus II 81 should refer to ourcostume, we would have to assume a white woolen gar-ment above a linen shirt.

238

the right shoulder o as to showslightlyin front.It washeld in placeby the left hand.The shawl is indicatedby broadfolds on bothsidesof the backandbynarroweroldson the leftside of the chest. Its upper borderwhich runsfrom the left shoulder o belowthe right breast,has been morethiekly folded.6 A trianglebelowthe neck seems o indicatea thirdgarmentunder-neath the othersawhich probablyconsistedo asimpletight-fitting inenshirt.A shawlof the kindjust described s not foundamongthe diferent forms of Egyptianclothing.Neitherthe cloak-likegarmentwhichAmenhotepIII wears in his statuette in the MetropolitanMuseumn New York,7nor the large cloakwornby a noblemanon a relief of the Saitic time,8canberegarded s evencloselysimilar o it. Themaindifference, eside hetruncatedorm of thestylizedfringedtriangles, s the fact that the shawlof ourstatue s held in placeby onehand-a feature or-eign to pureltrEgyptiangarmentsof this period.90n the otherhand, our garmentcannotbe sepa-rated from very similar shawls worn by men,which we knowfrom a numberof statues10and

6 In the case of the Koptos statues mentioned in note10,1 this upper shawl is represented by four stylizedfolds.T Schaefer-Andrae? we JE?lnst des alten Ortents 1925?pl.332.8G. Benedite? "La cueillette du lis et le slirinon,"'hfonuments et Mdmoires de la Ptondation Piot? vol. 25,p. 9 and pl. V.9 This fact distinguishes our shawl also from the cloakworn by the bronze statuette of a priest of the Saiticperiod?now in the Louvre, published by Boreux, Cat.Louxre II? pl. 53; Bosse? JIenschliche Ptigur, pl. 1 f.;

Moller? Sletallkuvnst der alten Aegypter? pl. 29.1. Statue of a man in brown sandstone, from Kop-tos, in the University Museum in Philadelphia(E 975). See Pe r e Woptosn p. 22; AmericanJournal of Archaeology? vol. 10?p. 347 S.2. Statue of a man in blackbasalt?from Dime? n theGlyptothek in Munich. Publ. by F. von Bissing-Bruckmann,Denkmaler agyptischer Skulptur, pl.108a.3. Statue of a man in black stone? from Dima inthe iE:gyptianCollection of the State AIuseum nBerlin (11632). Publ. by H. Schaeferin Schaefer-Andrae E:unst des alten Orients, 1925, pl. 4276.4. Statue of an official in black basalt, from Dim


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PLATE I


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RAN:EE: A Late PtolemaicStatue of Hathorjrom Eer Templeat Dendereh 239reliefsl} carved n Egypt duringthe time o theGreco-Romanule7and the origin of whichis stilldisputed.l2

in the Egyptian Museumin Alexandrla. Publ. byPaul Graindorn " Bustes et statues portraitsdltgypte romain," Le Catre, 1:7ntsersitd Egyp-tiene, Recuert de trasaw publH por la Aaultddes lettres3 pl. 58 and p 127 f.5 Statuette of an official in black stone, from Bedrashein( ? ) in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo.Publ. by L. Borehardt, Statuen III (1930) pl.128,no. 696 (cf.p. 38f.); Graindor,l.c pl. 59and p. 129f.8. Statue of Hor, a priest of Thot in basaltv fromAle2candria, n the Egyptian Museum in Cairo.Publ. by L. Borchardt, z G. pl. 128} no. 697 (cfwp. 39); Graindor, a.c. pl. 65f. and p. 138f.;Deni30n-:Ros3, rt of Egypt, 1931, p. 283 1.7. Torso of the priest of Eathor, Pen-nut gPanas)3from Dendereh,in the Egyptian Museumin Cairo.Publ. by L. Borchardtvt. c. pL 127, no. 690 (cf.p. 34).8. Torso of an oflicial in grey granite3 of anknownprovenience, in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo,Publ. by L. Borchardt, I. c. pl. 127, no. 691 (cf.pp. 35-7).9. Torso of black granite, prourenienee nknown, inthe Gallery of Fine Arts} Yale lininrersity, NewEaven, Conn. Publ. by Jose Pijoan, ' E1 ArteEgypcio" Smma Artis) voL 3 (Madrid) 1932),p. 480 fig. 640.10. Granite torso, of unknown prourenience in theGlyptothekat Copenhagen.Publ.by Maria Mogen-sen} La collection Xypttenne 193Q pl. 20J A86(cf. p. 21 ) .11. Torso of a man in black granite, of unknownpro-Teniencesill the Metropolitan Museum in NewYork (ace. no. X250) theight 91 cm.). Unpub-lished.12. Torso of a man in black stone, from iKarnak, inthe AlIard Pierson Museum in Amsterdam. Publ.by G. A. S. Snijder, A{nemosyne, Tertia Serres,vol. 7 ( 1935 s pl. 12, no. 3.13. Statue of a priestf from Dendereh) in the CairoMuseum. Deseribed by Daressyajlnnates 17, 91.(Fragmexltof a simiIar one rbid p. 93.)14. Statue of a goddess (queen?), with head and fedpreserved, in the Egyptian Museum in Cairoby aceident partly reprodueedon backgraundofpl. 4a in Georges Dutheit, La swIpture Gopte

Paris, 1931.1. King Ptolemy III, in the temple of :Shons atRarnak. PublXby Lepsius Denkmaler IV, pl. 9a.2* King Ptolemy IX) in his temple at Som Ombo.Publ. by von Bissillg-Bruckmane, Denkmaler pl.116. }3. Private mrn, ormerly in the collection von Bissing. Publ. by von Bissing-Bruckmann}Op. Cit. pl.120a.1 The latest axld most elaborate discussion, withample references to the earlier literature, is given byI)r. G. A. S. Snijder in his " Mitteilullgell aus dem

Ihe woman oldsher eft armslightlybent) nfrontof herbody,drawingherightpartof theshawl ight,13ndcarriesn her left handa bou-quetof threestylized lowers7robablymeant obe papyrus lossoms.l4herighta hallgsdswalongsidehebody,ts handclosedbut empty.iExceptinghefact that the eet, he headandthegreater artoftheneckandof the eft shoulderarebrokenway the preservatio-nf the statuesexcellent.l5Artisticallyt isa pieceof remarleableorkman-ship. Themolllding f armsand breasts nd ofthe rightshoulder,he renderillgf the garmentana theway heslenderormof thebody s indi-catedunderneathahowthe hand of a masterartist. I know f no otherEgyptiantatlleof thistme whichwouldequal t in this respect.Thestyle s Egypti$nOnly n therenderingfthe foldsof boththe loweranduppergarmentsabovehe breasts rldbelowherightknee s dis-cerniblea reminiscencef Greek ormswhichAllard Pierson MuseamX'I Mnemosyne, Tertia Serneswvol. 7 (1935), p. 243t Snijder assumes a very longgarment of thin fabric which was wrapped around thebody four times-an assumption which seems unneces-sarily cotnplicated. As to its origin, Snijder followsA. Scharff, who considers it Egyptian, but he certainlygoes too far when he claims that it is cseine uralte}traditionelle, typisch agyptische Tracht.' It is neither{ uralt " nor typically Egyptian, and I still wonderwhether its origin did not lie outside of Egypt. Thegarment of a doormanyrom a cofflnof the 26th dynastywhichScharScompares(ilgyptischeZeitschrift 74, p. 43 ) tseems to be quite different. The earliest knownexamplesare two reliefs of the 30th dynasty, which Scharff de-scribes in the same paper (ibid. p. 44 figs. 2 and 3).

13 This function of the left hand is more clearly indi-cated in a number of the statues of men mentioned inn. 10: cf. Berlin 11632 (Schaefer-Andraeop ctt. 4276)Philadelphia E 975. In our case the double functiorl ofthe hand, tightening the shawl and holding the fowersis renderedrather awkwardly.:t For this item I am unable ta quote an exact parallel.Cf. howenter,he well-known Egyptian custom of repre-senting the statues of goddesses holding a papyru3 stemln front of them. }3sorhe papyrus as the sacred pIantof Eathor in particuIar cf. Sethe, J. Z 64, p. 6 . ThePtolemaic statue of a man wearing a similar dress,W}lic}l lso comes from Dendereh is descrikedby Daressy(lnrtales 17, 91) as holding "une fleur de lotus.'>z6Both hands are slightly chipped; a littIe moredamage has been done to the lower part of the left legvThe feet of a similar statue from Dendereh--unfortu-nately not the missing part of our piece-with tracesof a closely parallel inscription,are mentionedby Daressy,Annales 17, p. 93, IV.


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240 RANEE: A Late PtolemaicStatue of Eathor from Her Templeat Denderehwereamiliarto the Egyptianartist;hardlya realinfluence f GEreekrt.ldAs to the identificationof the statue, there isveryittle evidenceoutsideof the inscription.Theexistenceor non-existenceof some headgearorcrownmight havedecidedwhethera human17ora goddesswasrepresented.Whether he bunchofflowers, n this point,wouldbe decisive,I amnotableto say.:Fortunately,owever,he statuehas an inscrip-tion. There were three long columnsof hiero-glyphs incisedon the rearof the backpillar andfour shorterones of varyinglengths,on its leftside, adjoiningthe left-hand side of the statue.These last four have been perfectlypreserved-withthe exception f the last signsof eachcolumn,whichwerebrokenofE ogetherwith the feet. Ofthe columnson the rear, the same is true con-cerningthe originallylowest signs, but here wehave a greaterloss besides:while little seemstobe missing on top of the first two columns,thethirdonesuffered reatdamage resulting,amongotherthings, in the almostcomplete8 destructionof the name of the oEcial, with whosetitles the

* . . .nscrlptlon Deglns.The formsof the hieroglyphsgive an approsi-matedatefor the statue. The sign n for example,repeatedly ormedwith only two instead of fouror morewaves,is characteristic f the latest partof the Ptolemaicandthe Romanperiods.That the inscriptionis of Ptolemaic,not ofRomantimes, is evidentfrom the fact that theofficial s called a priest of the "beneficentgodsand of the father-lovinggods," the well-knowndesignationof severalPtolemaickings of Egypt.The title Ssot pyerels, first givento PtolemyIIIand BereniceII, occursagain with PtolemyVIIand Cleopatra Inbut their time seemstoo earlyfor our inscription. The title +tAovraTOffoes occurswith PtolemyIV and ArsinoeIII, and also withPtolemyXIII and CleopatraVI. This lattertimewouldsuit muchbetter,andalthough cannotsee

that theywerealsocalledevgpyeves,heirrule,thatis the time between81 and 51 B. C., is the mostlikely datefor ourstatue.16For the rendering of a very similar garment by aGreek artist cf. the statue of Isis, Berlin 12440, Ausfuhr-liches Verzeichnis, 1899, p. 32B.17 I must confess, however, that no statue of a womanis known to me which was set up in an Egyptian templeof the Graeco-Roman period.18Intentional ?

A second act pointsin the samedirectioIl.Theother itlesof ourofficialwhich orma considerablepart of the inscription,are quite similarto and,in parts - even in their arrangement- identicalwiththose oundonthestatuesof twohighofficialsof Dendereh,now in the CairoMuseum>19hoprobablyived in earlyRoman imes. They are amayor(t 1,mXy-rw.t) Panas (p'-n-nw. t), son ofPsenthais ('sry-n-thy. t) and a certaiIlSorax(7cwrks, ormerlyreadGeorgios),whoon the naosthich he is holding s called"son of Ptolemaioswhileon the back-pillar e appearsas "son of thecommander f the army, Psenpkais" (p'-sry [n-p']-k'y). Neitherof them is priestof the Ptole-maic rulers. Both seem to have belongedto afamilyof Denderehmagnates, f whichthe anony-mousman of ourstatuemayhavebeenan earliermember.Thus if the dateof the statueis well fised, theinscriptionleaves equally little doubt as to itsprovenience.The oScial who is so prominentlymentioned n it bears a numberof titles whichdefinitelyconnecthim with the city of Denderehand its temple. We are able to state even more:the statuemust have originallystoodwithin thetemenosof the Hathortempleitselfs for it is tothepriestsof this temple hat the official ddresseshis request o pronounce is namewhile they areperforming heir religiousservices,exactly as isthe casein the inscriptionof :Soraswhosestatueonce stood in the temple of Dendereh. In ourcase,however, woman s represented, ot a man.In order o solvethis difficultywe haveto consultthe inscriptiontself.

II. THEINSCRIPTIONThe cuttingof the inscription n the veryhardgranitehas beenesecutedwith considerablekill.The stonewasnever njuredby an awkward low,and most of the signs are quite clearlycut. Theratherclumsyformsof the hieroglyphs nd theircrowdedarrangementare characteristicof late

Ptolemaicor earlyRomantimes the lack of a19 The inscriptions on these statues were publishedbyDaressy, Recueil 15, p. 159, no. 8 (republ. by Borchardt,Statuen III, 690) and Annales 16, pp. 268-70. They willbe quoted hereafter as " Cairo 690" and "Annales 16"re3pectively. Both must have stood in the temple ofHathor at Dendereh,in the vicinity of which they werefound. Korax, amongother titles, bears that of "brotherof the king." For the reading Koras rather thanGeorgiossee Sethe, ].Z. 58, 150.


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RANEE: A Late PtolemaicStafue of Hathor from [:terTempleat llendereh 241hieroglyphicpalaeographymakes a closer datingdifficult. The use of a number of SigB8 iIl theirwell-knownPtolemaicphonetic valuesis obvious.The As-vasenstead of the mr-chisel(in smr) i8rare but occursalso in the inscriptionof Panas,and the sanzeis true of the replacementof thespeakingnsteadof the seatedman (in our inscrip-tion aftershD,n that of Panas after mrw.!). Asign resembling hat of nysis usea forntr-'z, e-placing the morecomplicated orm mentioned nNote 81. For the writingof hr hw withthe jubi-lating man I know of no parallel, nor for thetonglle as a determinative f shr.w.The seatedbaboon s used as a writing for ss"scribe.)) A sign resemblinga vase is found pre-ceding the words bw dsr in the speech of thepriests, while it follows the same expression n aPtolemaicinscription n Vienna (see Note 75).The repeateduse of the small w for the flesh-sign(f) in themilitary itlesgoes back o the similarityof both signs in a carelesscursive,andmay in ourcase point to a cursiveoriginal.Therearevery few mistakes (as e. g. o:ace my-rpr for iwy-r). Before ' Hathor, he uraeus-serpentof Re" the word "priest" is omitted,and so isthe name of lIathor after"fourthPriest." At thevery end, when the carverhad become ired, oncenbstands for k.The addition of a meaningless8igN i8 hardlyever found, and, with the exceptionof the suffis.w that once is used instead of .n (in Zy.w, atthe end), there are no traces whateverof "NewEgyptian." The languageis strictly that of theciassic MiddleKingdoin,and even of the consider-able phoneticchangeswhichthe spoken anguagehad undergoneince hattitne hardlyanintimation(tm for drn ;pronounce') is discernible.The inscription itself20 consists of three mainparts of very differentength. The first and long-est part contains the titles of a high official ofI)endereh. The secorLd art containshis addressto the priestsof the templeof Hathor, he last onean addressdirected o him by the representativesof this temple.

2 For valuable suggestions in the interpretation ofsome difficult passages I am indebted to BattiscombbGunn and NValterFedern. The copy of the inscriptionreproducedon pl.... I owe to the kindness and skill ofmy assistant, Miss Carroll R. Young. She has been ofinvaluable help in checking and recheeking doubtful8igns.

1. The Ttttesof the 0ffi121The6e itles caIlbe divided nto threegroups:court itles,military itles andpriestly itles.

a. Coqzrt ttlesx :lckn

&4czcX

' The [ ...., ] prince, reasurerof the kirlgofIJowerEgypt, only beloved riend of the king, thegreat prince (sr) in front of the people (rhy.t),great of favors in the house of Horus, of wide6tride n the palace (stp-s; ) ."Thesetitles hardlycorrespondo any particularoffice, venthe designation"treasurerof the kingof LowerEgypt" havingbecomemeanillgless ongbefore his time. Theycontainnothingmorethallthe owner>6laim -whether ustifiedor not-thathe hadpersonalaccess o the royalpalace.

b. XiGitaryFitlesk n 2 $ t > gp UnS4fl;Z^>SttizU' t@48S*ofil Tgl|S desu

2t The court titIes of our official, where fragmentarilypreserved, can be partly restored from the titles foundon the statues of Panas and Korax.32 The traces of the badly damaged beginning of theinscription do not allow us to restore rp'.ta as we findit in Cairo 690 and AnnaIes 16, 269. Perhaps we mustrestore something like rp'.t qer; cf. LE3orchardt, StatuenIII, p. 36.

23For my restoration cf. Annales 16, 2B9. I supplythe sitting man after mrw.t because it is found thereand in Cairo 690. The same usage is found in ourinscription after s&'.24 The last three epithets, in the same order and al80preceding the first military title, occur in ilnnales 16269 in a aomewhat differexlt orthography. SimilarljCairo 690.26 The 8igrl of the house iB certain.

26 Tpy.o nto p | @ jappearsa among other words forsoldiers, in Chassinat tt Le temple d'Edfu " III, Md

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242 RANEE: A Late Ptote7naicStatue of Bathor from Ber Tempteat Dendereh"Greatcommanderzmy-r)of the army n ....commandermy-r) of the chariotry,eader (wr)of his troops (ms'), chief of his recruits ?),leader (S'-Xpy) of his soldiers (.mnfy.t) ashelterof bronzearoundall his troops tsy.w)n8t

a choice all32 ......... his soldiers(mP)."While some of these titles appearto be, alldsome of them evidently are honorific epithets,ratherthan designationsof a real rank or func-tion the first two must be taken seriously-'Commander f the Chariotrynnd 'G#reatCom-manderof the Army.' The latter,placed n frontof all the others,must havebeenthe most impor-tant one. Whether t provesour official o havebeena zrr,on7yos,. e. a militarycommanderf oneof the Egyptiandistrictsor ' nomes or not, I amnot prepared o say.33 We know that a certainPamencheswhoin a Demotic nscriptions calledT!pT\7OSn in his hieroglyphicnscriptionbears hetitle zmy-r s' wr.34 But we do not knowwhetherall Egyptianofficialsof the Graeco-Romaneriodwho were 'great commanders f the army' al60were (rrprryo.Unfortunately he words imme-diately followingthe title in our inscriptionarerlot with certainty explainable. While in otherca6es he title eitherstanasby itself or is followedby the nameof the nomeor nomesin whichtheofficial ervedas op{Ln7yos it is here followedby

t513. The paralleltest on the statueof E:orashas 'very great (wr') commander f the troopsmoires Miesion,20 (1928), p. 33. Cf. ibid. p. 32 1. 5 and1. f., and ef. also A. Seharff, {'Der historisehe Ab-sehnitt der Lehre fur K6nig Merikare," Fitzungsb. d.Bayer. Akad., 1936, Heft 8, p. 15f., n. 6.

27 For b'-tpy see Erman-Grapow,Worterbuch3, 220.28To be read dbwbt' h' tsy.w.f nb(.w). Cf. Recueilde travauz 2d, 9: Xbwr.wb.y n Jbw h'.y "the plansof my lord were a shelter around me.'9Unfortunately I am unable to identify with eer-tainty the signs after Stp and before m'.80 Cf. Erman-Grapow,Wh. 3, 220.al Cf. A. Alt's article "Eie murus aheneus esto" inEDMS 86 (1933) pp. 33-48, with a Ilumberof :13gyptianreferenees.82 The word '. t "wall " seems otherwise unknown ;n

a metaphorical sense. But ef. "wall of his nome'}(&drn sp.t.f) as epithet of a high offieialin Dendereh,Annales 17, 91. For " ehoiee wall " ef. Wb. 4, 339, 13.8a The names of a number of such military com-manders are known. See Eenri Henne, "Liste desstrateges des nomes dgyptiensA l'dpoquegrdco-romaine,"Metnoaresde l'Inststq4tfranQais d'archeologie orientaledu Caire, tome 56, Le Caire, 1935. The question of thenative ^rpaSrtybc is discussed OI1 . 2984 See Spiegelberg,L Z. 57, 88 .

cfieffi. Daressy'stranslatiorl"chefdestroupestres grand dans les deus rigions" (evidentlymeaning in IJpperandLowerEgypt') seemstomeuntenable.liorass title must be a variantofthatof our official,and neitherof them to con-cludefrom their priestly titles which were re-strictedo DendereX nd EdfuScan possiblyhavebeen he commander eneralof the whole Egyp-tianarmy.85 Since neither4g3 nor 13e3 areknownas geographicalerms, we might in bothcaseshave to read m m">36 which originallymeans excellently,'but whichmightbe usedherein the senseof ' in reality,'indicatingthat thesemenbore he title not as an honorific nesbut thattheyreallywerecommandersf a greatermilitaryunit.

Whateverhe destroyed ameof ourofficialmayhave been, he certainlywas a native Egyptian.This is sho by the fact that his militarytitlesand epithetsare by far outnumbered y the fol-lowing titles which attachhim to the serviceofEgyptiandeities.c. PrwestlyT+tles

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RANEE: A Late PtolemaxcStatue of Eathor from SIer Templeat Dendereh 243"Familiarwith( 7) the councils f the goas andgoddesses.Ee is not .............. gap) . . theprimeval newhobegan o come ntoesistence sthefirstoneof them.Priest of Isis, the greatone, motherof the gOd,mistressof ' . t-dy who is worshippedn(hry.t-tb)Dendereh,ogetherwiththe godssense "familiar with, initiated into" the counsels, etc.For a confusion between 'k " to enter " and 'k', cf. Wb.1, 233 and Brugsch, Dictionnarre, Suppldment, p. 287.The nearest parallel to our passage would be Rosettanano. 25 (Sethe, Urkunden II 185): fb.f 'k .hrSbr.ro.en.The tongue as determinative of sbr i8 unknown to mcperhaps there is a confusion with the 8igIl of Sbr.t (cf.Wb. 4, 261).

a8 For this sign see Moller, Palaopraphie III 53, n. 3,and i. Z. 43, 124.S9 The meaning of this passage remains uncertainThe reading n n.f ("he does not repel,2'Wb. 2, 337)or n nX w . f ( " he is not repelled " ? and not nn Sp( t ) . f(" he is not angry," cf. Wb. 4, 454) is supported by theparallel passage Annales 17, 93, unfortunately also inan unclear and damaged context. The hatchedpart abovethe bird in our passage seems rather to be a breakthan the nw sign. Cf. also J. Polotsky, Zx den In-schriften der 11. Dynastie (1929), p. 31, and Wreszinski,Jgyptische Inschrsften, p. 111, 6-7.' For &,'. ' the primeval one " as an epithet ofHathor, cf. Wb. 4, 409. For &,'.t ,' bpr see Mariette,DendEah III 511, 76a, 80i.'1 For m tpy n.Sn cf. Wb. 5, 280, 19. In the gap otherdeities must have been mentioned.

naos ) and a 9 , a o 0 back pillar ); alBot A a v S < , Cairo 690.48For Hathor bWnty(.t) S.t rnshn.t see Mariette II34a and 3a above. Esor sis with a similar title cf. i,bsd.III Db, 16, 43p." This evidently corresponds to Annales 16 (naos)hm ntr n ?esjr ntr '+ (thus' ) hry Jb wn.t, followingthe same title hm-ntr n 's.t wr.t nb.t i,.t-dy.'6 hm-ntr has to be supplied before Eathor; cf. Annoles

1B (nao8) M&w7hQg For hry.t-tp asan epithet of iE[athor ee Mariette III 21v, 25d.'6Identical with Annales 16 (naos). Cf. also flnnates17, 92. 1. 5, and Mariette II 76.'tCf. kDb.t-t'.wy as a name of Dendereh, Wb. 5, 10and Gauthier, Dictionnaire gdographique, V 173. Theparallel in ilnnales 16 (pillar) has gyj In our text the reading dbn S t, . wy aeems to be in-tended. For a superfluous ' cf. Junker, Srammatsk derDenderatewte p. 6.

*8 Identical with itn7aks 16 (pillar) folIowing thesame title.

and goddessespresiding over the birth-chamber.Priestof Osiris, he greatgod who s worshippedin (hry-zb)Dendereh nd of Hathor, heuraeus-serpentf Re.Priest of Isis withthe 1nny.twho B worshippedin (hry.t-b) Edfu.Priest of Isis, ' shetraverseshe two ands.>Priest of Isis, ' possessorf sweetbreeze.'PriestQf Isis, 'lady of phr.t'.Priest of Harsomtus,he greatgOd, he lord ofh't.49 So al80 Annales 16 (pillar). Gauthier (II 150)reads phr. t as an epithet of Dendereh. Cf. Junker,Onurislependev . 37 (psr. t ). This evidently corresponds to itnntes 16 (naos)hm-ntr .Ersm'-t 'wy ntr t) (thus! ) nb 8't. Harsomtus,

as son of Eathor in her temple at Dendereh, always hasthis epithet. See Mariette I, 69 below, II 2 and passim.For &,t, a variant of t/\ etc., and its locatioIl, seeGauthier IV 163-5 and Junker, Onurielegende,p. 3B .gl The same titles, which were borne by neither Panasor Korax, are found in Wreszinski, op. cit. p. 97, 1. 3(cf. p. 101). ro'b-priests of the "beneficent gods2' arementioned in the decree of Canopus, 12.

62 Cf. Annales 16 (pillar) . A { fourth " priest ofHathor is found in Mariette IV pll. 6 and 15.68 The hieroglyph seems to show a seated deity with

a bird's beak. The sign following it is unknown to me.It is not that of the god Min.6'Cf. Annales 16 (pillar) < | @ ? Butthe disk with the two uraei is certain. Could ' sanctu-aries of the kings' be meantl Cf. Wb. 2, 331-32.66For {my-r-pr alone, among other titles of a priestof the Ptolemaic period, cf. Wreszinski, Sg. Insch. p.144f.66 Cf. Annales 169 rlaos 7MV fQv Xit3 .67Cf. Annales 17, 93. For s.t-I.lr(.w) as a rsame ofEdfu see Gauthier, Dict. gdogr. V 84.68 Cf. Annales 17, 93

XmGi11No'Y?440b5nAnnales 16 (pillar) @@J, and Bj h.t-ntr n pr-''n fton, Wreszinski, op. cit. p. 145 (statue of the Ptole-maic period) . Cf. also Ahmed Bey Kamal, Stelesptolemaiques22049 ( p. 45 ), 1. 3. The baboon as a Ptole-maic writing for se {'scribe " (obviously because ofThots role as scribe of the gods) i8 known from Cairo31099; see Spiegelberg, Die demottschen Inschriften(Catal. gindral 1904), p. 30.

68 Cf. the temples of first, second and third rank inthe decrees of Rosetta and Canopus alld 2 N tSAnnales 17, 92, among the titles of a high official atDendereh.


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244 RANEE: A Late Ptolemaic Statue of Hathor frorn Mer Temple at DenderehPriest of the beneficentand father-lovinggods.CFourthriest (of iEl:athorf Dendereh).Priest of Thot ( ?) of ( ? and ?) .Priest of the sarletuariesof the 6ullgods ?) inDendereh..... (hry-h' ?) and overseer f the house of thenome of Edfu (wts-hr).Priest of Horus who wields the lance in (theseat of Horus (Edfu).Scribeof the web-priestsf the temple (and 7) ofthe second emple (gap)[NN] son of the commander f the army. . . nAt-(?) p'-sry . . *n*

Between the strictly military and the strictlypriestlytitles, there are inserteda few epithets ofa more general kind, which seem to be related tothe secondratherthan the first category. This i8obvious in the first case - the " gods and gOd-desses" probablycomprisingthe various deitieswho were worshipped n the temple of Dendereh.As to the immediately following words, I feelunable to offer a satisfactory explanation. Thewords "the primeval one," etc. clearly refer toHathor who in Dendereh was conceived of ascreatorof the universe.The following titles, twelve6 of which beginwith ' priest of > deservea special commentary.As first and foremost of the deities whose{priest' our official is designatedwe find 'Isissthe great one, the motherof the god, the lady ofr). t-dy 1 who is worshippedn Dendereh.'2 Thisname, with its epithets, is well known from thewalls of her temple as the chief name of the god-dess of Denderehwhomwe are accustomedo callby her earliernames ELathor.'n Ptolemaic imesconsideredone and the same goddess. The f0wn8hornson the headof the seatedwomanas determi-nativeof the name Isisngive to this identificationa graphic expression. Since Isis was the mother

eo Counting { Eathor, the uraeus-serpent of R#'," be-fore which hm-ntr has been omitted by the scribe, itwould be 13, compared with 6 ( or 7, counting Ear-somtus, before whom the title hm-ntr has been left out)hm-ntr titles in the case of Panas, and 14 (one of whichiB given twice) in the case of Sorax.01For ,.t-dy as a name of the tempIe of Hathor atDendereh ( and of a particular part of this temple ?see Gauthier, Op. Cit. I 124 f. and Junker, L Z. 43, 123.The original meaning of ,.t-dy seems to be unknown.

e2 The same title, with slight variants, iB borne byPanas as well as by Korax.

of }Iorus or IIarpokrates, sis-13:athor f Den-dereh was worshipped s the motherof Eorus ofEdfu. She was also considered he wife of Osiristho, however, t Dendereh nly had a lessershrineand must have playedthe role of a prince-consort.Combinedwith Isis in this first priestly title we{;nd "the gods and goddessespresiding over thebirth-chamber,n'. e. over the annex of the Den-dereh temple in which the birth of Horus wascelebrated.In the secondplace we find the title ' priest ofOsiris, the great god who is worshipped t Den-dereh.' It is followedby vpriest of Hathor, theuraeus-serpent f Re ' and four more forms ofIsis-Hathor, which all are known as epithets ofthe goddessof Dendereh, he first of which ('theone with the mny.t') however, s here distinctlyconnectedwith Edfu. Besides,our official s called(fourth priest,' and from the parallel passage nthe inscriptionof Soras we learn that; of Hathorof Dendereh' has to be supplied. To this closercircle of deities of Dendereh also belongs Har-somtusawho was worshipped s a son of :ESathor(his special sanctuaryof hst was situated in theimmediatevicinity) and the 'sanctuaries of thesull-gods ?) in Dendereh which otherwiseareunknown o me.The only place outside of Dendereh, n whichwe are certain that our official held a priestlyoffice,was Edfu, ca. 170 kilometers o the south,where he was priest of ;IIorus who wields thelance and wherehe held anotheroflice the mean-ing of which evadesme. Finally he was priest ofone or two gods which,unfortunately, am unableto identify, and whichhave no counterpartsn theparallel nscriptions.The first one is perhapsThotwho appearsamong the deities worshippedwithHathor n her temple at Dendereh. The sign fol-lowing is unknownamong Egyptian hieroglyphs,and among the places of Thot worship3 noIleshowsan approsimately imilarwriting. The signin itself might be a variant of that of the godXIin,but about his worshipat Denderehnothingis known.Although this last questionmust be left open,it is obvious hat the officialof the Philadelphiastatue, so far as his priestly functions went, wasclosely connectedonly with the temple of Den-dereh. ELis onnectionswith Edfu werevery slight

83 Cf. P. Boylan, Thots the Eermes of Egypt (London,


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RANEE: A Late Ptolemaic Statue of Bathor from,Her Temple at Dendereh 245indeed and are sufficiently xplainedby the closerelationsbetween he temple of IIathor and thatof her son Eorus. If he really was a r^T7Tyos,his priestlytitles would favor the assumption hatthe vows Tsruptrvs,he district of which Den-dereh was the metropolis,> as under his super-vision.64 Whether hese priestly itles correspondedto any ireportantofficial unctions in the templeit is difficult o say. We lmowthat the rpn7yeiin Ptolemaicand Roman Egypt often took theplace of the aIleient nomarchs,who always werehigh priests of the leading nomedeity. The title'priest of the great Isis,, the mother of the god,,in ').t-dy, who is worshipped n Dendereh to-gether with the gods and goddessesof the birth-chamber may indicate that our ofEcial held aleadingposition n the priestlycollegeof Dendereh.Toward the erld of these priestly titles whichconnect heirbearerwith Egyptiandeities we findthe title ' priest of the berleficent ods and of thefather-lovinNgods,,'which has served us above nfixing the statue chronologically.The real priestly titles were followedby others,the larger part of which have been destroyedThey begin with ' scribe of the w'b-priests f thetemple arld ( ?) of the secondtemple and showperhaps that our official also had a function ithe administration f the temple,Followingthis long array of titles, and pre-ceding the worddd f ' he says,'which introducesthe official'saddressto the priests of Dendereh,once 6toodhis name. Most unfortunately, t hasbeenalmostentirelyobliterated-not a single signam I able to identify with certainty. It was fol-lowed by ' son [of],>'and then by the title imy-rmst,'commanderof the army,'which father andson had in common. WVhetherhe following signbelongs to the title ('the victoriousarmy?) orbegins the proper name? am unable to say. Itwouldbetemptingto assume hat the namebegarwith p>-sry. WVhatollows is entirely destroyed.A supplementation o p'-sry-n-k'y might makeour officialidentical with the zrr,oar7yyosoras,who has so many titles in common,bllt the traceson our statuedo not seem to fit.

2. Addressof the Offiicialo the Priests ofDenderehThis enumeration f the titles of our officialBfollowed by a poetically wordedaddress to thee4 Cf. l)aressy, Annales 18, 186; Spiegelberg ]. Z. 57

priestsof the templeof Dendereh, s we are accus-tomed to find them on Egyptian temple statuessince the time of the Middle EXingdom.}gs S ^o S + {ELitod>2=F066

XIllViU5%@a7^n8oten&?..t 36g,,, 0D r , , ,

p jf , i o 5X4$t1/X/s//2Gap///C 1 [> T

' He says:' O ye greatpriests of Dendereh,Ye ';godnsfathers and god's treasurers"who are in ).t-dy,All ye veb-priestswho are in their monthlyofEceDo praise the gOdfor me in the ';greathouse,"when you enter therein,Do pronouncemy name in the ';house otheflame,"whenyouperform our ofEcesat the festival timesDo rememberme in the Inidst of the;pr-nw at the time of revealing theface of the goddess?

If our oflicial addresses the ';great priests(Eqn.w;-ntr) of Dendereh," " the god's fathersand gOd'sreasurerswithint) . t-dy" and all '; un -priests" during heir monthlyduties n the temple,his intention seems to be to mention the entirepriestly personllel n the Hathortemple o Den-dereh. In the folloving optativeshe distinguishesthree differentplaces within the temple at whichhe wants to be remembered: he "great house'>(r-wr), that is the sanctum sanctorum, the" houseof the flame,) and the "pr-nw " (however66 For sdwty ( )-ntr as a priestly title cf. Wb. 5 B38.66 For this writirlg of ibd cf. Junker, (Iramm., p. 144.67 Cf. Annales 16 (pillar ): dm . tn rn.y m b'h ,s )twr.t.0sTo the determinativd of k'.t I know of no parallel.

The text of Annales 16 (pillar) has instead Ct.e9 This s reveaIing of the goddess is sho MarietteII, pl. 64a.-After the gap the inscription switches overto the Ieft side of the pillar.70Readm mn.t n.t r' nb and cf. AnnaZes lf; (piIIar):

S @ and Sethe, t7rk. II 67 3.


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RANEE: A Late PtolemaicStatue of Bathor from Ber Templeat Dendereh46this third one may have to be translated)whichare knowi as side chapelsof the 'great housen tenclerez.On the otherhand, there is a distinctionas tothe time in the dependentclauses,which followthe threeoptatives:praisethe god for me-whenyouenter;pronouncemynamwhen youofficiateat the festivals; remembermc at the festival ofrevealingthe face of the goddess. The arrange-ment seemsto lead up to a climax. Ee wantstobe rememberedt all times, from the momentatwhichthe priestsenterthe templeto the momentwhen they see the face of the goddess in herinnermost anctuary.The rhythmical orm of the brief strophewithits 3x 2 half verses is perfectlyclear, and it isalsoclearthat thesehalf versesdo not containanidentical numberof stresses. The loose rhythmremindsus of that of Oopticreligiouspoetry.72:Fora restorationof the last gap I have no sug-gestionto offer.3. Speech of {he Prtests of DendVereh,ddGressedothe 0,17icio1The inscriptioncomesto an end with a speechof the representativesf the templeof Dendereh,addressed o our official, o which I know of noEgyptianparallel. From it we must hopeto getan explanationof the fact that the statue thusinscribedrepresentsnot a man but a woman.

j.'t'>1Qb s t . S s : r o n;gt1

t z At86to6aft t | io.o71 Cf. Wb.1,517 f.2 H. Junker, Roptische aessedes10.JahrhundeCsI, II, Berlin, 1908-11.

priests (hm.w-ntr) in Dendereh, he chief lectorpriest in the place of inebriation>88he hry-sstDof the purification f the god (tb.w-ntr)>whohasaccessto the sacredplace,they said all together:vIt is you ( ?), C)piousone [ . . . ]It is [Hathor]the ladyof Dendereh, hemistressof all the gods, the eye o Re- there is nootheronebesideher.ThegreatIsis, the ladyof t'.f-dy-the only one,the like of whorndoesnot exist,AxldEorus of Edfu, the great god, lord of the

7SCf. Mariette, IV 17, where a h'ty-' ?n ht and ah'ty-' wr are seen in action behind the priest mentionedin n. 74. Cf. also Annales 17, 90.74A priest with the title t

i8 Been carrying two shrines in Mariette, IV 17. Thetitle hry-sst) 'bw ntr occurs also at Akhmim: seeAhmed Bey Kamal, op. cit. 22074 (p. 70), 1. 12, and22095 (p. 85), 1. 6.76 Cf. qesWmt.t (m) bw dsr, Wreszinski,op. cit. 105,

1. 2, 3 ,gnv7o and w'b m pr Pth, ibid. p. 109,1.3 (both of the Ptolemaic period).76For dmd(.to) m sp see VVb. , 459 IIb 6. For thewriting of dmd see Anncales17, 93.

77 For 'k'-zb " sincere " cf. Junker, A.Z. 43, 110.78 That the name of Hathor has to be restored is clearfrom the epithets following. Cf.

S


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RANEE: A Late PtolemaicStatz4eof Efathor rom Z[erTempteat Dendereh 247sky, the noble winged disk presiding in***-*-*They rejoiceover ( ?) what] thou hast done forthem.Xlaythey causethy name to remainas remainsthe sky and thy houseto endureas endure3the earth.Theyare united,watchingover hee, in dispelling[evil fromtheet]Thy son shall remainupon thy seat after thee,after 110 years, and the sonof thy son like-wise ! "'

We see the addressof our official o the priestsof Hathor s followedby a secondand lastaddress,the speakersof which are not identicalwith themen addressedbefore. They are also priests ofDendereh,but they havenot the same titles. In-stead of thegreatpriests(hn. w-ntr), the C;fathersand treasurersof the god" and the wtb-priests,whowere unctioningn the temple,we find "the'great princes (hDty w-' wr.w) and the priests(hm.w-ntr) inDendereh,"the"chieflectorpriestat the place of inebriation andthe " secretcoun-ellor of the purificationof the god." They mayrepresent he administration f the temple.Unfortunately,this speech is interrupted bythree lacunae,the Srst of which rendersa clearanderstanding f its beginningextremelydifficult.The first question s whether he words following4,d.n"They said" belongto the speechproperor not. Gunn's uggestion(by letter) to translatewhat they say, united (or: with one accord)incoming to thee, is"- dd(.t).sn dmd(.w) 7nty(.t) n.k puy and to begin the speech tself by' O pious one . . . she is Eathor'> meetstwith adouble difflculty. One would expect that dd.snhas to be taken in the same way as before,i. e.(they said,) sdnw.f-form,not relative-form whatthey said." Besides, it seems to me much lesslikely that, in a statementlike this, the oflicialwould have been directly addressed(in comingto thee) insteadof referred o in the thirdperson.On the otherhands o begin the speechwith dmdandto translate ' A unitingfor you it is, O piousone (of the gods of Dendereh,or the like)"- --dmd m sp n. k pw 'k-b . . . , doesnot see-mo fitwith the following" [gEhr] etc. pw " which canonly mean "it is iEIathor,tc." My first attemptat an interpretation, s given in the Bulletin ofSeptember1940, "firm is what thou hast oSered,thou pious one" - rwd msb ( . t ) . n . k pw 'k'-b

has to be abandoned.The first signalthough tresembles he sign rwd, and althoughit dif3ersslightly fromthe certaindmdsign toward he endof the inscription, eems o be ratherdmd han rwd.Besides,a writingof nwsbn. k for (m sb . f ) n. k7"what thou hast oSered,'7s ratherunlikely. Onthe otherhand, hewordsdmd . w) m spa" unitedtogether,"mayverywell precedehe speechproper.But to begin this with n. k pw " to thee be-longs . . . '>, again meets with grave difficulties.In this emergency n ingenious dea of Dr Walterl?edernmay provide he solution. N.k may be ascribalerror or nt. h. Betweenn andk (the spaceis unusuallywide!) a t may have been left outerroneously, nd the speechof the Denderehoffi-cials may have begun with the words nt.k pur'k


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24848 RANKE: A late PtolernaicStatu,eof Ilathor frornBer Ternpleat DenderehRANKE: A late PtolernaicStatu,eof Ilathor frornBer Ternpleat Denderehtherepresentativesf Dendereh,andtheirprofusewishes ddressedo the official,wouldbe best es-plainedas the expression, n a typical Egyptianway, f their gratitudefor the dedicationof thestatue. The third part of the speech,containingthesewords,presentsno difficulties.The speakers

therepresentativesf Dendereh,andtheirprofusewishes ddressedo the official,wouldbe best es-plainedas the expression, n a typical Egyptianway, f their gratitudefor the dedicationof thestatue. The third part of the speech,containingthesewords,presentsno difficulties.The speakers

prayo the godsthat theymayforeverprotect hedonorand his family, that they may watch overhimagainstall evil influences, ndthat, after theclassicaldurationof 110 yearsof life, he be fol-lowedn his officeby his descendants.

prayo the godsthat theymayforeverprotect hedonorand his family, that they may watch overhimagainstall evil influences, ndthat, after theclassicaldurationof 110 yearsof life, he be fol-lowedn his officeby his descendants.

THEVOCATIVEIN IIITTITEH. G. GTJTERBOCE

ANKARA

THEVOCATIVEIN IIITTITEH. G. GTJTERBOCE

ANKARA

UNTIL NOW, no specialvocative orm has beenknown in Hittite grammar. In the grammarspublishedby Delaporte and Friedrich2no men-tionof the vocative s made. Accordingo Forrer,3Sturtevant and H. Pedersen,5 he nominativefunctionsalso as vocative. Sommer evenwarnedhis readersnot to regardthe plain stem formsvrhichare occasionallyound as "evidencefor anindoeuropeanocativewithoutending." It is hereproposedo explaincertain orms with andwith-out ending as vocativeforms,and the instancesmustthereforebe examined n detail.

1. Tzz STEBI FOR}I USB AS VOCATIVE'The most obviousexamplesof the stem formsedas lToc. refoundin the Sumarbimythspub-lished by Otten in SUB XXXIII (1943 . Itshouldbe noted that these tests appearedmuchlaterthan the studiesmentionedabove.Had theybeenknownearlier,even Sommerwouldprobablynot havedeniedthe existenceof the voc. so cate-gorically. First it must be emphasizedhat in1L. Delaporte, Sllements da la Grammaire Eittite( Paris, 1929 .2 J. Friedrich, Hethitisches Elementarbuch, I. Teil:Kurzgefasste Grammatik (IndogermanischeBibliothek,

Heidelberg, 1940 .3 E. Forrer, in: Mitteilungen der AltorientalischenGesellschaft, IV (1928-29 , p. 35.4 E. H. Sturtevant, A Comparative Grammar of theIIittite Language (Philadelphia, 1933), p. 166, 186.B H. Pedersen, Hittitisch und die anderen indoeuro-paischenSprachen (Kgl. DanskeVidenskabernesSelskab,K0benhavn, 1938), p. 21, 15.6 F. Sommer, in: Orientalistische Literaturzeitung(OLZ), 38 (1935 , 28 f.; F. Sommerund A. iFalkenstein,Die hethitisch-akkadische Bilingue . . . ( Bil. ) (Baye-rische Akadernie,Munchen,1938), p. 147, n. 2.

UNTIL NOW, no specialvocative orm has beenknown in Hittite grammar. In the grammarspublishedby Delaporte and Friedrich2no men-tionof the vocative s made. Accordingo Forrer,3Sturtevant and H. Pedersen,5 he nominativefunctionsalso as vocative. Sommer evenwarnedhis readersnot to regardthe plain stem formsvrhichare occasionallyound as "evidencefor anindoeuropeanocativewithoutending." It is hereproposedo explaincertain orms with andwith-out ending as vocativeforms,and the instancesmustthereforebe examined n detail.

1. Tzz STEBI FOR}I USB AS VOCATIVE'The most obviousexamplesof the stem formsedas lToc. refoundin the Sumarbimythspub-lished by Otten in SUB XXXIII (1943 . Itshouldbe noted that these tests appearedmuchlaterthan the studiesmentionedabove.Had theybeenknownearlier,even Sommerwouldprobablynot havedeniedthe existenceof the voc. so cate-gorically. First it must be emphasizedhat in1L. Delaporte, Sllements da la Grammaire Eittite( Paris, 1929 .2 J. Friedrich, Hethitisches Elementarbuch, I. Teil:Kurzgefasste Grammatik (IndogermanischeBibliothek,

Heidelberg, 1940 .3 E. Forrer, in: Mitteilungen der AltorientalischenGesellschaft, IV (1928-29 , p. 35.4 E. H. Sturtevant, A Comparative Grammar of theIIittite Language (Philadelphia, 1933), p. 166, 186.B H. Pedersen, Hittitisch und die anderen indoeuro-paischenSprachen (Kgl. DanskeVidenskabernesSelskab,K0benhavn, 1938), p. 21, 15.6 F. Sommer, in: Orientalistische Literaturzeitung(OLZ), 38 (1935 , 28 f.; F. Sommerund A. iFalkenstein,Die hethitisch-akkadische Bilingue . . . ( Bil. ) (Baye-rische Akadernie,Munchen,1938), p. 147, n. 2.

general he namesof godsin the Eumarbimytho-logicaltests are writtenwith caseendingsexceptwhenthey are combinedwith Akkadian lements(like A-7VAtc.). Sinceourtexts arewrittenverycarefully, he use of the stemformin someplacescannotbe explainedas accidental.The followingexamples howthe stemformusedin address:XXXIII 102 II 4f. (Ullikummiepic, 1St ablet,fragment c): nK arunas ANA DlrnpaEur7EGIR-paqnemtsvktzzilqnpaluri ernuuddorisvtamas The Sea spakeagain to Impaluri:' O Impaluri Hearthesemy words "'SXXIII 106 III 30f. (Ullikummi, 3rd tbl.):DA.A-asANA DUpelluri EGIR-pa nemi]s-

kfuan dais UL-ua sakti DUpelluri nerni,an-nawattaUL kisktudas" Ea spakeagaintoUpelluri: ' Knowst thou not, O Upellrui?And did no onebringthee word?"'SII 6S, 17f. (test 4 a): DKurnarbtsVdda[rANA L]tSUS: E:AL-SUmerniskfuclnais]DMxktsanu tSUKKAT-I A . . . ] "Eumarbispakethe wordsto his vezir: ' O Mukisanu,my ve%ir. . . "'SXXIII 109 I 3 fE. (test 4 b): salli[s arunasudd]ar ANA DKumarbtEGIR-pa rnerni[s-ktuan dawsV. .]-as clssmzarnemias DXUqnarbiDINGIR MES -as clfas] " The greatSea spake again the words to :Sumarbi:' [. . .] . . . word,O }

a late ptolemaics statue of hathor from her temple at dendereh

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