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  • 7/24/2019 A lesser evil_ Collegium has grave deficiencies, but it compromises structural independence of judiciary less _ The

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    Written by Pratap BhanuMeht a

    Updated: Oct 17, 2015, 7:22

    ABOUT AUTHOR

    Home Opinion Columns NJAC Struck DownA lesser evil: Collegium has grave deficiencies, but it compromises structural independence of judiciary less

    A lesser evil: Collegium hasgrave deficiencies, but itcompromises structuralindependence of judiciary lessThe judiciary came to the conclusion that the NJAC, as currentlyconstituted, would be a threat to judicial independence. It is hard todisagree.

    Pratap Bhanu MehtaPratap Bhanu Mehta isPresident, Centre Policy

    Research, New Delhi, oneof India's top think tanks.

    read more...

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    ARTICLE

    The judiciary came to the conclusion that the NJAC, as currently constituted, wudicial independence.

    The Supreme Courts striking down of the 99th Amendment (Nat

    Appointments Commission act, NJAC) seems to confirm that Indi

    development follows a maxim of its own: Thou shalt meet overr

    overreach. The judiciary-legislature tussle in India has never bee

    principles. A dominant executive sought to undermine the indep

    judiciary in the 1970s. In response, the judges created an appoin

    where they could, as Justice J. Chelameswar writes, exult and fr

    emancipation from the other two organs of the state. The legiti

    arrangement, where the judiciary effectively shut out other bran

    government, was always dubious on constitutional grounds. We

    because it seemed to have the effect of securing judicial indepenallegations of corruption, a general sense that the judiciary itself

    unaccountable, led to a clamour that judges could not be the sole

    own cause. Unaccountability, rather than independence, became

    OPINION

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    Parliament, with rare political unity, passed the NJAC act. It was

    grounds. It had the power to pass such a law; and the law was pr

    sound thinking that the appointments process needed to be broacolumn argued (Whom do you trust?, May 14), Parliament over

    and institutional sense. The composition of non-judicial member

    of the law minister would result in an NJAC that, in all probabilit

    undermine the independence of the judiciary, even if it possibly

    amenable to outside input. Parliament should have been more c

    legislation that could bring outsiders into the appointments proc

    did not raise the spectre of political dominance. The attorney ge

    generally free of nuance, added fuel to that fire. Many had hope

    would give due deference to what Parliament was trying to do, a

    there is a serious problem with the current arrangement but pos

    safeguards by reading down the legislation in some way. This is

    because it also involves an overreach of sorts re-reading legisl

    went the whole way, declaring the NJAC unconstitutional with a

    The judiciary came to the conclusion that the NJAC, as currently

    be a threat to judicial independence. It is hard to disagree. The j

    reasoning is quite careful. There is a lot of technical detail that n

    discussion. But the core argument is this: The judiciary has estab

    principle of the independence and primacy of the judiciary on se

    Since this matter was settled, there was no need for reference to

    and Parliament should have taken that settled doctrine as a fra

    judiciary believes that judicial independence cannot be maintain

    things: First, the primacy of the judiciary in the appointments pr

    and more controversial claim is that judicial primacy is challeng

    independence impugned if the chief justices views can be reject

    on grounds other than dubious antecedents. This is overreach.

    The judge who dissented:No accountability,

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    Khehar does as clever a job as possible of saying that under the c

    also, there is executive participation. In a delightful historical asi

    tables on those who invoke B.R. Ambedkars authority to suggest

    be mistrusted more than the executive.

    Where he overreaches is in the inference that inputs from non-jshould be confined to such things as character and antecedents,

    It is not clear why only judges can give inputs on judicial quality.

    The other interesting issue surrounds the invocation of basic str

    Chelameswar in his dissent seems to suggest that the basic struct

    here because this matter concerns institutional design, not indiv

    judicial independence is a core value, so is an efficient and well-

    judiciary. And his starting point is that the current system does n

    objective. He also questions the assumption that the primacy of t

    necessarily mean better protection of constitutional values. He is

    his fellow judges for creating a discourse where politicians cann

    where trust in judges should be self-evident. In short, there is no

    to trust the judiciary more than the executive.

    How should one think of this issue? The historical narrative that

    and the dissent rely on can cut both ways. But Justice K. Joseph g

    institutional logic right. The issue is not whether in the past judg

    have better served the cause of liberty. The issue, as he puts it, is

    current NJAC institutional design would lead to a kind of advers

    bargaining. Given the voting rules of the NJAC and the presence

    minister, this was a likely outcome.

    The justices have basically opted for institutional caution. The pr

    grave deficiencies, in terms of efficiency, accountability and eve

    it compromises the structural independence of the judiciary muc

    a non-judicial or executive dominance could jeopardise that stru

    independence. And the judiciary also has a point that it is not cle

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    appointments processes with greater executive input are giving

    But the judiciary has been forced to acknowledge its own faults.

    the majority, like Justice Joseph, is scathing on this. This suggests

    opportunity. The politics of excess, the lack of full application of

    bipartisan legislation, makes institutional resolutions harder. Paopportunity to reform the system in a convincing manner. If it h

    modest, not challenged judicial primacy, and shown how its refo

    improvement, it could perhaps have achieved a more participat

    tenor of arguments would have been different. Instead, it height

    courts exercise of near-exclusive prerogative in response is not i

    are reasons to doubt its capacity for reform. But it tells you some

    mess Indian institutional life is in that to preserve institutions rethem. We choose a lesser evil to prevent a greater evil. The judic

    citizens will see this judgment that way.

    The writer is president, Centre for Policy Research, New Delhi an

    editor, The Indian Express

    http://indianexpress.com/
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    40 comments

    ME What is your opinion?

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  • 7/24/2019 A lesser evil_ Collegium has grave deficiencies, but it compromises structural independence of judiciary less _ The

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    Sumit Kumar from Jamshedpur

    There is a need of transparent appointment process in the judtime,there is also a need of maintaining the judicial organ independenconstructive debate on the appointment process.

    about 23 hours ago (0) (0) reply (0)

    SK

    San Man from GoderichThose supporting the judicial autocracy are themselves attackingdictatorships around the world have curtailed or defeated demoelected judges as their henchmen. Many opponents of democrdemocracy itself by equating it with corruption - this has alwayPakistan by supporters of military dictatorship - whenever they wantmilitary coup, they start praising the judiciary and condemning elcorrupt. It's important for India as a developing country to avocontinuing to support elected leadership over unelected authoritiesbecome another Pakistan.

    a day ago (0) (0) reply (0)

    990

    Ashok from Ulhasnagar

    How should the Dinakarans be dealt with, ideally before they are appproclivities become manifest ?

    a day ago (0) (0) reply (0)

    A2525

    RSR Murty from Richmond

    Excellent Article that has brought the issues succinctly to the fore.

    a day ago (0) (0) reply (0)

    RM

    Shrikant from Airoli

    Jusicary is worried whether they will ever able to see clean in their liever heard verdict on Ayodhya on our life Sikh Riot cases. We muanswerable. Thye keep on asking questions to Govt and evey institutthye hv to stand up on the bench and anweabld for delays in so mandied but our Judiciary could not give justice to them. And lastly wcorruptions fm belif to Chief Justice Ievel in Judiciary ??

    a day ago (0) (0) reply (0)

    S

    Bharatk from Delft

    Judges are milkers, they milk the common masses and keep cases penot accountable to anyone. These fellas thinks world is blind. Theythey can not give justice to masses. Most time they spend protectingpoliticians, bureaucrats, and other elites. If 100 percent support,reform judiciary then what? A new constitution committee must b

    B20970

  • 7/24/2019 A lesser evil_ Collegium has grave deficiencies, but it compromises structural independence of judiciary less _ The

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    Anandap from Thiruvananthapuram

    I do not understand when 3 crores of cases in courts pending for yeabout discussing superiority complex of Judiciary over legislature judiciary! For sixty five years since independence, we have been discubringing bills for reforms but our ivory tower sitting ruling classes willthings for common man's justice!

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