a manual of marks on pottery and porcelain; a dictionary

to

of Up

Mrs. S.T. Blackwood

A MANUAl>-Or MARKS

POTTERY AND PORCELAIN

A DICTIONARY OF EASY REFERENCE

BY

W. H. HOOPER AND W. C. PHILLIPS

Uontion

MACMILLAN AND CO.AND NEW YORK

1894

All Rights Reserved

First Edition, 1876; Second Edition, 1877; Reprinted iZ-]^, 1886;

with corrections and additions, 1894.

P K E F A C E.

THIS edition has been carefully revised and enlarged

by the addition of many new marks.

When first issued none of the marks of Japan hadbeen published. At that time information was difficult

to obtain, and much of it has since been found to be un-

reliable; by the kind permission of Sir A. W. Franks

a large number of marks are now inserted, which will

be found to include all the factories of importance.

Being only intended for a pocket-volume, unimportantfactories and unknown marks are left out. For moredetailed information, the works of Brongniart, Chaffers,

Demmin, Jacquemart (admirably translated by Mrs.

Bury Palliser), Marryat, Robinson and others may be

consulted.

The work is divided into four parts ;in the first, the

Marks are classed under descriptive heads, as Anchor,Animal, etc.

;in the second Majolica the factories of

Italy are arranged alphabetically; in the third, other

factories of Europe on the same plan ;and in the fourth,

the Oriental Marks are arranged by the number of

characters inscribed.

IV PREFACE.

The Marks on Pottery and Porcelain are of three

kinds factory, workman, and pattern mark. The first

is usually placed in a prominent position, sometimes

accompanied by the mark of the maker or decorator.

Sevres Porcelain, for instance, often having four or five

workmen's marks, besides that of the factory. The

pattern mark is usually a number ;this is seldom given,

being useless without a description of the patternitself.

The Marks, when pencilled or incised, vary very con-

siderably ;a different hand, a full brush, or a flaw in

the material, all tend to make them unrecognizable ;

even when printed they are often blurred by the action

of the fire or running of the enamel, and when im-

pressed, a shrinking of the wet clay will change or

obliterate them.

Z2STZDE1Z.

AnchorAnimalArrowAxe ..

BeaconBell . .

Bird ..

Bow ..

Butterfly

CadnceiisCircle . .

Claw ..

CrescentCross ..

Crown

Dome . .

Dot ..

Ermine

Fish .

Bassano

Caffagiolo . .

Castel DurantoCastelli

Diruta

FaenzaFlorenceForli ..

Genoa..

MARKS.

INDEX.

FACTORIES.r

INDEX. Vll

PAGE

CONTRACTIONS.

The quality of theWare is described in the first column,

and the mode of marking in the second, as follows :

. . . Incised.

. . . Impressed.

... Pencilled.

... Printed.

... Stencilled.

The third column contains the dates.

maj. ...

Pottery and Porcelain Marks.

ANCHOR

CHELSEA p imp

P goldor red

iT

POPPLESDORF pot imp 176-

SCEAUX PEXTIIIEVRE s p p blue 175-

B

Pottery and Porcelain

L

4-4-

SCEAU.X PKNTHIEVRK

VENICE

Tliis mark varies

very much

COLOGNE

BowThe form and position of

the swora vary.

COALRROOK DALE

DERBY CHELSEA

pot p blue ITS-

h p p red 1765

maj. p color 17

pot p blue 1 7

a p p red 173

h p p blue 18

p p goK 1770

or red

Marks.

CM

Rf

jVENICE ...

'

...

Giovanni Marconi

WORCESTER

Richard Holdthip, decorator

He also ivcrked for Derby

LoNGPORT

ISTONE CHIN

CALDASORTUGAJ.

Thus read fromimperfect impression

of name

CALDAS

Imitation of Palissy Ware

MlDDLESBOROUGH

20, Pattern mark

s p p gold 17-

or color

p color 175-

pot imp 1793

pr blue 1805

pot imp 18

pot imp

pot pr bluo

imp

20

Pottery and Porcelain.

SWINTON

ANIMAL.

The Rockingham Crest.

<n !MEISSENNear Dresden.

HESSE CASSEL

AMSTERDAM

FRANKENTHAL

CHINA

Ow old Nankin Ware.

h p p TO* 1824

pot imp 17

h p p blue . 17C3

h p p blue 1772

h p p blue 1754

h p p blue

It M

Marks.

ARROW.

Bow

(?) PLYMOUTH

CAUGHLEY

LEEDS ...

Also with name Hartleij, Green fy Co.

PARIS ...

I)e la Courtille (sometimes called

Torches)

B p p blue 173-

h P

b p p blue 17 -

pot imp 177-

li p p blue 1773

AXE.

BADEN BADEN

Tftctow Sperl.

h p p gold

or color 1753


tffcBADEN BADEN

Widow Sperl

DELFT

De Byl (The Axe)

Justus Brouwei

r

BEACON.

GENOA

h p p gold 1753

or color

pot p blue I.7C4

BELL.

DELFT

De drei Kloklcen. (The 3 bells)

W. Van dcr Docs

This mark varies so much that it

is called Leaf and Arrowhead

pot p bine 1764

Marks,

BIRD.

AMSTERDAM

Hartog and Brandeis.

pet p color 1780

ANSPACH h p p blup 1718

Sometimes used without the letter

,

>

SKVRES

1st Empire.

Napoleor. III. Emperor

LlVEUPOOL

A Liver, the Arms of the Town.

Case, Mort fy Co.

h p p red 1810

sten &imp

h p pr color 1852

pot p color 1833


HAGUE (The)The Arms of.

BOW.

Bow

BUTTERFLY.

CHINESE On old Nankin

ICADUCEUS.

DRESDENThis mark varies very much.

WORCESTERIn imitation of Dresden

h p y blua 177-

s p p blue 173-

h p p blue

hp pblue 1712

s p p blue 1753

CIRCULAR MARKS.FAENZA ... maj. p blue 15

And other varieties, and also

without the circle

Marks.

HOCHST hp p gold 1720

Tlie arms of the Archbishop of or color

Maycnce.

Dahl

T\ I DAMM Aschaferiberg

DELFT

TFortuyn Fortune

P. Van der Breil

pot p color 1794

&hp

h p p bine 17

pot p oiuo 1G91

Martinus Gouda pot 1675

FLORENCE

)The arms of the Medici.

(B) Francis II. A very rare mark.w

Orazio Fontana Urbino fecit.

s p p color 15

niaj. p color 15

10 Pottery and Porcelain

DERBY

COLOGNE ...

MONTPELLIER

Lc Vouland.

SHELTON

1

BERLIN

Royal Factory

h p pr color 1815

pot 1G-

pot imp 18

pot pr color 1820

h p pr 1850

SEVRES ... ... h p pr color 1830

The marie ivas used with the year

date from 1830.

Louis Philippi1834

Marks.

i.CHATEAU,

511

SEVRES

Republic

BURSLEM

Wedgwood 8c Bentlcy

CLAW.

DELFT

De Klaauw (The Claw)

Lambertus Sanderus.

h p pr color 1834

h p p red 1848

pot & imp 1768

hp

pot pbhu, 1764

12 Pottiry and Porcelain

CRESCENT.

SALOPIAN.

CAUGHLEY

And without name.

h p. p blue 1750

WORCESTER s p p blue 1751or gold

URBINO ... maj. p blue 1591

Also with the initials E. F. B.

NAPLES

WORCESTER

mnj. p blue 17

h p p blue 1783

Mark*

C<

VCC

t

MARIEBERG, Sweden

Ehrenreich,

CROSS.

*

BRISTOL

FULDA ...

VARAGES

DRESDEN

COPENHAGEN

CASEMENE ...

pot & p color 1750

sp

1759

h p p iu 1773color

h p p blue i763

pot p bl: C c 1730or red

h p p blue 1720

h p p color 1772

pot imp IS~


BOURG-LA-REINE

Le Chappelet.

h p p 17

BRISTOL

TURIN VineufDr. Gioanetti.

CROWN.

BASSANO

Also with the signature of

Antonio Terchi $ B Terchj

CASTELLI

ST. PETERSBURG

Alexander I.

Alexander II.

h p p color 1773

h p imp 1770

maj. p color 1540

ma}. p color 16

b p p blue 1801

or color

h p p blue 1805

or color

Marks.

'&

PARIS h p p red 177P

Porcelaine de la Reine(Antoinette)

VENICE

DERBY

BRUSSELS

WORCESTER

Barr, Flight 8f Barr.

NAPLES

Crown of various shapes,

sometimes B.C.

SEVRES Charles X.

maj 17-

s p p gold 177-

h p p' color 18

h p imp 1807

maj. p 16

b p 1829


*0 30

SEVRES Charles X.

LUDWIG-SBURG

Also attributed to

BUEN RETIROMadrid. Carlos III.

LUDWKJSBURGInitial of Duke Charles

NlEDERVILLER

De Custine, director

URBINO

(?) Luca Cambiasi

HOCHST

h p p bine 1829

h p p blue 1758

s p p color 176-

& pot

b p p blue 1758

h p p blue 1788

& pot

maj. 16-

b p p gold 17*JO

& color

Marks.

PARIS ...

Charles Philippe, Comte

d'Artois, patron

h p p blue 1769

FEANKENTUAL

Carl Theodore

DERBY ...

Dueslury

with monogram D KDuesbury and Kean ...

Up p blue 17G1

h p p red or 1780

violet

1798

also ivitnout croivn ... ,

Stevenson $ Hancock ... ,, 18C-

HlLDEKSHEIM .,. .. h p p bill? 1760

i8 Pottery and Porcelain

I'D

FULDA ..,

CAPO DI MONTI, Naples

Ferdinandus. Rex

M

PARIS ...

DM and Guerhard

HESSE DARMSTADT

ST. PETERSBURG ...

Nicholas I.

SEVRES

Louis-Philippe

CLIGNANCOURT ...

h p p blue 1763

s p p color 1780

hp prod 1780

h p' p blue 1756

h p p color 1825

h p imp or 1845

pr color

hp stred 17SO

Marks.

VU U/

BUEN RETIRO, Madrid ... sp p color 176-

MARIEBERO, Sweden


pot & p color 1750

sp

s p p red or 1759

blue

JV.Q.

o

& imp

SEVRES. Napoleon III. ... s& p color 1854

In this year the manufacture h p

of soft paste was resumed

SAVONA. (?) Guidolono ... maj. 10-

ORLEANS pot p color 1753


n

SPM

.

tWTT

ST. PETERSBURG. Paul I. ... h p p color 1796

DRESDEN ... ... h p p blue 1750

Saclisiche Porzellen Manufacture

LUDWIGSBURG

OPORTO

Vista Allegra

WORCESTER

Flight and Barr

LIVERPOOL

DOME.

FLORENCE

A rare mark

h p p blue 1806

h p p gold 1790

or color

h p p color 1793

pot imp & 1796

pr color

s p p color 1580

Marks.

o DOT.o .**

I LlMBACH

oOo URBINO & FAENZA

ERMINE.

STOKE-ON-TRENT ...

Minion

FISH.

GENOA ...

NYOV, ...

LILLE ...

The Dauphin. Patron

CHINA ...

Old Nankin ware

This mark varies much

2i

hp p 1761

maj. p 16

h p p color IS5-

& gold

maj. p 10

h p p blue 1790

h p sten & 1781

p red

li p p blue 969

to HOfi


*

CHINA

FLEUR-DE-LYS.

Bow


Removed to

BUEN RETIRO, Madrid

MARSEILLES

h p p blue 969

to 1106

s p p blue 173-

s p p blue 1736

176-

pot pr color 1777

EOUEN ... p color 1542

Marks.

Sevres30

ST. CLOUD

SEVRES

FLOWER.

CHINA. (?) Sesamum

s p imp 1702

h p p blue 1830

h p p color 1403

to 1424

p red 142G

&gold to 1435

(?) Emblems of longevity ,, p bluo

//iese inarlis are from old

Nankin ware; date un-


CHINA ... hp ji blue

JAPAN. On old and modern

ware in imitation of old

Nankin patterns ... h p

Marks.

GEASS.

CHINA. This mark is knoivr.

as the " Grass Mark" but it

is meant for a water plant ... h p p blue 960

to9G3

y

i

HAYFORK.

RUDOLSTADT h D p color 1758

p blue .,

17-

A1SO WORCESTF.P


HATCHET (see AXE).

HEAD.

DELFT ... ... ... pot p color

HEART.

MOTJSTIERS. Olery

NAPLES

ST. SAMSON

I

HORN.

CHANTILLY

LUDWIGSBUR

pot p color 17

maj

pot imp 182-

sp pblue 1725

cr imp

hp p red or 1758

blue

Marks.

LABEL.ORLEANS ... ... h & p color 1753

Gerault Daraubert s p

LEAF.BERLIN

This mark is frequently painted

in green or gold over the Berlin

sceptre on damaged pieces

GROSBREITENBACII ... h p p color 1770

Sometimes a mere flourish

CHINA ... ... ... h p p blue

A great variety oj leaves are

found on old Nankin ware,the mark was imitated byDELFT and other factories


A

CHINA.

(?) Bamboo leaves, mark of a h p p blue 1573

Factory in King-te-chin ... 1619

JAPAN. On ware painted with h p p blue

Chinese patterns

LETTERS.

PARIS. Le basuf ...

A is alsofound on Bow warep red 177-

ANSPACH. This mark varies h p p blu*1 1718

very much and sometimes

looks like crossed swords

Marks 29

iTD

A.K.

A.N.

AP

DELFT ... ... ...

De G-dclcse A (The Alpha)

J. T. Dickstraat or Dextra

pot p blue 17G1

DELFT ... ... ... pot p blue

De Wittc Stcr (The White Star)

A Kiell

ALTENROLHAU

A Nowotny Director

UBEINGAlphonso Patanazzi

ARRAS ...

h p & imp 1829

pot

maj p 1GO-

s p p blue 1782

AVJJ \

D7M. I DEF.FT ... pot p I'/-


B

B

B. L.

BlaR

WORCESTER ... ... h p me 1793

Bart-. B is also on Bow ware

MARSEILLES

Bonnefoy

DELFT ...

J. Brouwer

pot p color 1769

pot p blue 175-

SAINTES ... ... pot inc 1538

Attributed to Bernard Pallissy

BRISTOL

GUBBIO

Maestro Giorgio

LUXEMBOURGBOCK.

L.A KiElNE

DELFT ...

h p p color 1773

maj p color 15-

pot p color 180G

&hp

s p p bin? 1773

& pot

pot p blue

Marks.

Cc

CB

GO

BAYREUTH

DELFT ...

(?) Berghem

DELFT ...

(?) Vender Does

ST. PETERSBURG ...

Catherine

BAYREUTH

DELFT

De Paauw (The Peacock)

(?) Cornells Boumeester

COALBROOK DALE

LIMOGES

PARIS ...

Chanou

pot p blue 15

r>ot p biue

pot p blue

h p ,,176-

h p p color 1744

pot p blue . 17

h p p blue 1787

h p p red 1773

n p 1781


*C*

Marks. 33

g

14*

E BS

5F

ST. PETERSBURG ...

P. Kornilo/e

MARIEBERG

Ehrenreich, director

DELFTT' jongue Moriaans Hofft

(The young Moors head.)

BRISTOL

(Imitation Oriental.)

FLORENCE

(A late mark on Fine Pottery.)

li p p blue 1762

pot p color 1759

&sp

pot p 1764.

hp p color 1773

maj M 17

FAENZA ... ... maj

(Many varieties of the letter

are found.)

14

FURSTENBERG hp pblue 1750

F is also found on Bow ware

DELFT ... ... ... pot p blui


URBINO. F^ Xanto ... maj. p color 15

F.DV

FI

FP

FR

MOUSTIERS. Feraud

NAPLES ...

Fab. del Vecchio, Napoli

FLORENCE. For Firenze

UREINO. Fc. Patanazxi

NEVERS

PERKENHAMMER. Fischer

Reichembach

GUBBIO

CAFJTAGIOLO. G is found on

Bow ware

pot p color 178-

maj. imp

&hp 17-

maj. p

ma. p

17-

1G08

pot p color 3730

maj.

1802

1536

Marks. 35

6iK

1179

OVJ1

MHHB

NAPLES. Giustiniani

GERA ...

GOTHA ..

DELFT

maj. imp & 17 :

p color

h p p blue 1780

" 175-

pot p red

p 17-

, ,T'oude Moriaans Hojft.

(The old Moor's head) pot p blue 1764

Geertruy Verstelle.

STBASBOUKG. Hannong ... hp 1752

& pot

PARIS. Hannong ... p color 1773

NEVEKS. Henri Borne ... pot p color 168-

DELFT. Jacobus HaiderAdriens

p color 176S


H.F

7CS-7

HVMD

//a 2-

NAPLES

DELFT ...

NUREMBERGHaws Kraut Villingen

DELFT ..,

Hendrick Van Hoorn

DELFP ...

THart (The Hart)

Hendrick van Middeldijk

LISBON ,

DELFT ...

(?) Jacobus de Milde

DELFT ...

maj. p 17

pot p ted

pot p blue 15

pot p blue 1764

pot p blue

pot imp 13

pot p blu6 1764

pot p bine

Marks. 37

I.P

ITD7

JJ?

DELFT ...

Jan Kuylich

(?) PESARO. (?) In Pesaro .

DELFT ...

De Griekse A (The Alpha)

JT. T. Dikstraat or Dextra.

DELFT ...

DELFT ...

PARIS ...

Jacob Petit

LIMOGES

J. Pouyat

VOISONLIEU

Jean Zeigler

DELFT ...

(?) Jan Kuylich

pot p blue 1680

maj p

pot p blue 1761

h p p blue 1790

pot p red 18

pot st color 1831

& imp

pot p blue


IIH.HCVJ/mXVKVK

LC

DELFT ...

Jan Kuylich

KIEL ...

Buchwald, director

A. Leihamer, decorator

DRESDEN

pot pbluo 1GSO

pgold 177-

or color

hp p blue 17

DELYT ...

LIMBACH

MONTELUPOGiven by Jacquemart, Wolfs

Brush

BRUSSELS

L. GretU

DELFT ...

De Lampetkan (The Pitcher)

Widow G. Brouwer

J> T

.. pot 17-

h p p red

maj. p

1761

h p p color 1791

pot p blue 17G4

Marks. 39

B

MAP

If

15* z

BORDEAUXLahens and Bateau

DELFT ...

(?) Van Dammelar

CAFFAGIOLO

SlNCENT

Moulin

PARIS ...

Morel d Paris

GUBBIO

Maestro Giorgio

h p p color IS-

pot p blue

maj p 15

pot p color 18G1

h p p blue 1773

rcaj 15

a.

LOOSDEECHT ... ... h p p blue 177%

Manufactur oude Loosdrcch\ & ^ni P

Moll director,

4o Pottery and Porcelain

M.P

MPA\VC

IV

KL

Nop

OPORTO

Rocha Soare

pot p gold \1~

or color

DELFT... ... ... pot p blue 1639

De Metaale Pot (The Metal Pot)

Lamlertus Cleffius

DELFT ...

NEVERS

BOURG-LA-REINE

LILLE

I Petit

pot

pot p color 15

GUBBIO ... ... maj pVincentio or Cencio son of

Maestro Giorgio

GUBBIO

153-

h p p bme 1773

.,, pot p color 1778

Marks.

LIVERPOOL

Pennington

PINXTON

These letters are ascribed to

Pinxton, but t7ie wave was

seldom marked

GUBBIO

? Maestro Perestino

DELFT ...

CAFFA.GIOLO

KOTTEN...

NlMES

Plantier, Boncourant $ Co.

ROUEN

DELFT ... ...

P v Doornp

pot p gold 1760

& h p or color

& imps p p color 1791

maj

pot p

maj p

15-

15-

pot p color 15

imp 183

pot p color 15

pot p bluo 1761


PVM

K

R-n

DELFT ...

P van der Breil

DELFT ...

P van Meemm

DELFT ...

MARSEILLES

Robert

pot pblue 1G91

pot pblue 1764

p brown

pot p black 1777

&hp

RKGENSBERG OR RATISBON h p p blue 17

... b p p blue 17

RAUENSTEIN ... ... h p p blue 1760

DELFT ... ... ... pot

COLOGNE. ..r. .v pot p blue 1.6

Marks. 43

S

S

SXVen?

CAUGHLEY

Salopian

SCHLAKENWALD ...

SlNCENT

hp pblue 1750

h p p color 180V.

pot p color 1733

SEVRES on white ware ... hp pr green 1833

The Scratch denotes tJiat

the piece left the factory

undecorated. 18G

ST. CLOUDTrow Director

SCEAUX PENTHIEVRE

VENICR

BERLIN

Wegeley, founder

pot & p blue 173-

sp

up inc 1750

maj p color 15

&hp 17-

h p p blue 1751


WVB

PLYMOUTH

Probably the usual marie, the

sign Jupiter, carelessly

pencilled

WORCESTER

p p blue 176-

s p p blue 1751

And others in imitation of ,, ,

oriental marks

DELFT ... ... ... pot p blue 1764

De Twee Wildemans (The two

Savages) Willem Van Beelc

DELFT ...

Widow van der Briel

URBINO

Fco Xanto

Al

pot p blue 1764

maj p

maj X p blue

N red lustre

maj p

Marks. 45

Z-DEJC

GUBBIO

ZURICH

DELFT ...

Dextra zoon

LINES.

ALT HALDENSTEBEN

COPENHAGENThe Sound, the great and

little Belts

ST. PETERSBURG

maj p 15

h p p blue 1759

pot p 1765

h p imp 17

h p p blue 1772

h p p blue 17

MITRE.

WURZBURG h p p blue 17

Marks. 47

DELFT ...

A Kielle

pot p blue 1761

SI l

MoscowA Popoff

APREY ...

h p p color 1830

pot p black 1750

DELFT ... ... pot p blue 1764

De twee Scheepjes (The two

Ships) Ant Pennis

Moscow ... ... h p p color 1830

A Popoff

DELFT ... ...

Keyser <f- Pynalcer

pot p blue 1680


DELFT ...

Keyser Sf Pyndker

DRESDEN

pot p col 1680

$6

DRESDENA modern mark

PARIS ...

Reverend

DELFT ...

ANSPACH or Frankenthal

J. A Hannonjr

TOURS ...

Victor Avisseau

NEVERS

Jacques Bourdu,

hp p blue 1709

p blue 13

& imp

pot p bluo 16

.. ,. 16-

.. hp 17-

.. hp ,.184-

pot p color 1602

Marks. 49

B.L ELUXEMBOURG

NlEDERVILLEB

Beyerle founder

pot p color 180G

& h p

h p p blue 1760

& pot

MARANS ... ... pot p color 1740

Jean Pierre Roussencq

NTON ... ... ... h p p blue 18

Pierre Hulhausen decorator

COALBROOK DALB h p p blue 1787

URBINO ... ... maj p 15-

A air.iilar mark is dated 1549.

STOKE-ON-TRENT

SEVRES

Charles

Hp pr color 185-

p p bine 1824


VENICE ... ... maj p

Probably Gian Andrea and

Pietro Bertolini

15-

D/W

COALBROOK DALE

DlRTJTA

PARIS ...

Chanou

URBINO

Nicolo d' Urbino

DELFT ...

De Paauw (The Peacock)

Jacobus de Milde 1764

h p p blue 1787

maj p 16-

h p p red 1784

maj p 15

root p blue 1651

Marks.

I*

FAOrEBAT

DlRUTA

FLORENCE

NEVERS

Denis Lefebvre

DELFT ...

Johannes Mesch

URBINO

TOOLOUSE

Fouque" Arnoux $ Co.

LlLLiE ...

F. Boussemart

roaj p 16

maj p 14

pot p color 1636

pot p blue 1680

maj 16

pot p color 1820

pot p color 1729

pot p color 1610

1G90

KREUSSEU

Caspar V^t

Hans Christophe Vest

PARIS ... ... ... h p p red 1780

Dihl 4- Guerhard, Due d"4n-

gouldine patron


UK

//f

NUREMBERG

George Liebolt

pot p blue 16G7

DELFT ... ... ... pot p blue 1761

De drei porceleyno FlescJijes

(The 3 porcelain bottles)

Hugo Brouwer

NUREMBERG

NAPLES

DELFT ...

Jan Jan zoon Kuylich

NUREMBERGHans Kraut

pot imp

maj p 17

pot p blue 1680

pot p blue 15

STRASBOURG & FRANKENTHAL pot p blue 17

Paul Hannong & h p & inc

Marks. 53

GUBBIO ... ... maj p 16

Hipollito Rombariotti

STRASBOURG & FRANKENTHAL pot p bluo 17

Hannong & h p

FRANKENTHAL & STRASBOURG,,

J. 4* P. Hannong

NEVERS ... ... pot p color 17

Jacques Seignc

NIEDERVILLER ... pot sten 1802

Lanfray & h p

LIMBACH (?) ... ... h p p color 176-

. Pffold

|

PARIS ... ... ... h p p color 1773

Gros Caillou

54 Pottery ana Porcelain

k

53!?

SEVRES ... ... fl p p blue 1753

The letter indicates Hie date

See Sevres

Louis XVIII.

MOTJSTIERS Olcry

COLOGNE

HERENDMaurice Fischer

h p p blue 1814

pot p color 17

REGEKSBERG or Eatisbon ... h T> p blue 17

pot p blue 1589

hp pblue 1839

DELFT ... ... ... pot p blue 1639

De Metaale Pot (The Metal

Pot)

Marks. 55

me*

ML

FAENZA

15*44;

ftw

URBINO

Nicolo d' Urbino

DELFT ...

Q Kleynoven

URH1NO

Orazio Fontana

maj p 154

maj p 15

pot pblue 1680

maj p 15-

CLIGNANCOURT ... ... h p st rod 1775

Monogram of the patron Louis

Stanislas Xavier Comte de

Provence

DELIT ...

(?) Philip Wouvermanspot p 10-


M

DELFT ... ... ... pot p blue 16SO

J. PynaJcer, C. Keyser 4- A.

Pynalcer

DELFT ... v . f .

De Romeyn (The Roman)Petrus van Meerum

DELFT ...

P van der Briel

DELFT

De porceleyne Fles (The por-

celain bottle) Pieter van

Doorne

SEVEES

R^pullique Franqaise

GUBBIO

(?) Salimbene

pot p blue 1764

pot 1G91

pot p blue 1764

h p color 1792

& s p

maj p

j

COALBROOK DALE ... h p P blue 1861

jCaugJiley Swansea 4

1 Nantganv

Marks. 57

DELFT ...

Samuel Pict Roerdet

DIRUTA

CAFFAGGIOLO

ST. AMANDFauquez

STOKE-ON-TIIENT

Minion

CASTELLI

Sowerio Grue

DELFT...

Suter van der Even

pot p blue 165

maj p 16

maj p 15

pot p 175-

h p p blue 179-

or red

maj p 17

pot p blue 1580


SCHAFFHAUSEN . . .

Tobias Stimmer

FAENZA

pot p color 1560

H

V

maj p 15

DELFT ... ... ... pot p blue 1650

Antoni Ter Humpelin

NEVERS

Tite Ristori

pot p color 1850

DELFT ... ... pot p blue 1764

Jan van der Kloot Jan Zoon

DELFT

(?) Van der Evenpot pblue 1580

FESARO

(?) Giovanni Vejaso

MARSEILLESI Veuve Perrin

maj p 15

pot p black 1760

Marks. 59

VI URBINO

DELFT ...

(?) Wvander Does

I

maj p blue 16

pot p blue 176-4

W- Adams.

Astbury.

R. 4- J.

Baddeley,

Bailey <$

Baikin.

Qodty

MUSICAL INSTEUMENTS.

CHINA ... ... ... h p p blue

Nankin ware

NAMES.

*frr*

TUNSTALL

SHELTON

LANE END

FAENZA

WOECK3TE14

pot imp

pot imp

pot imp

pot imp

maj p

hp pr

1780

17

1750

18-

15-

1807


Enoch Booth.

Brameld.

int.

BPATbEFb

KopHHAOBLDO

Chamberlain.

Child.

Christian.

Govlfwt.

TUNSTALL

SWINTON

DELFT

Verboom painter

ST. PETERSBURG ...

Korneloffslci Brothers

SWANSEA

LIVERPOOL

WORCESTER

TUNSTALL

LIVERPOOL

COALBROOK DALE

pot imp 1750

b p pr red 1807

& pot

pot p color 1680

h p pr color 1827

h p p color 178-

pot p color 1751

h p p color 178-

& imp

pot imp 1763

pot imp 1765

h p p blue 1787

Marks. 61

Copeland.


Flight.

Flight Sf Ban-

Flight, Barr

# Barr.

n <fl ^tl

(DPTYAMHA

FAPkHEPT}

Ginori.

Grainger, LeeCo.

Guerhard et

Dihl.

WORCESTER hp p color 1783

... 1793

1807

DELFT ... ... pot p blue 1C91

T. Fortwyn (Fortune)

P van d&r Breil

Moscow ... ... h p imp color 18

Galena. Fabrica Gospodina & pot

The Factory of our Lady)

MoscowGardner

DOCCIA

NAPLES

Giusiiniani Brothers

WORCESTER

TURIN (so attributed)

PARIS ..

h p imp 17

s p imp 1735

maj imp 17

hp pred 1800

maj p J7

b p st red 1780

Marks.

Haclcwood.

o4 Pottery and Porcelain

E. Mayer.

Marks.

Phillips $ Co.

B. Plant.

nonoBbi

Pouyat $Russinger.

Reid 4- Co.

RocJcingham.

SadlerfGreen.

William Sans.

MN1'

SUNDEELAND

LANE END

MoscowA Popoff

PARTS ...

De la Couriille

LIVERPOOL

SWINTON

LIVERPOOL

BUKSLEM

SEVRES

National Factory

Imperial Factory

pot pr color "V780

pot imp 177-

li p p color 1830

h p p red 1773

h p imp 175-

pot imp 1757

&hp

pot pr color 175G

&hp

pot imp 167-

s p st red 1S03

h p st red 1806

Marks.

m*


B*

MALTA ..,

NEVERS

pot imp 18

pot p color 15

PLYMOUTH ... ... hp p blue 176-

This marie, the sign ofJupiter,

is often considered as 2, 4

joined

ST. CLOUD

J. B. Chicanneau

DELFT ...

BERLIN

SAVONA

ORB.

pot p color 1700

pot p

hp pblue 1830

maj p 16

Marks. 6 9

GtiBBio ... ... cnaj p

ORIENTAL.CHINA ... ... ... h p p blue

Old Nankin ware. Sacred axe

15

,, Precious things. Instru-

ments of writing

Kwei, or emblems of u

Mandarin


CHINA. ... ... h p p blue

Instrument used as a tuning

fork

DELFT ... ... ... pot p bluo IB-

In imitation of the '

six mark'

OVAL.

ANDENNES

B. Lammens Sf Co.

UZES ...

Francois Pichon

(?) VENICE

On modern ware

MONTET

Laurjorois

put imp 18

maj p 18

pot anp 18

PEtiARO AND FAENZA ... maj p 15

Marks.

PESAUO AND FAENZA

j

VAL sous MENDON

Mittenhoff ,

I

! COLOGNE

PALETIE.PARIS ...

Schloss),iacher

PICKAXE.LEEDS ...

X PIPE.

ARNSTADT

ninj p

pot imp 179-

pot p blue 1C

hp p gold 18

pot p color 1770

pot p color 17O-

' VlNCENNEP . h 178~

72.t Pottery and Porcelain

3)

1

*

ROSE.

CAUGHLEYJ. Roge S- Co.

... b p p color 1799

DELFT ... ... ... pot . p blue 17G4

De Roos (the Rose), Dirk van

dor Does

SCEPTRE.

BERLIN hp pblae 170-

SHELL OR HELMET.

CHINA hp pblne

Marks

CHINA ... h p p blue

SHIELD.ANSPACH ... ... h p p blue 1718

NYMPHENBERG ... ... h p imp 1758

SAVONA ... ... maj p

Sometimes with initials G.

A.G., (?) Gian Anto. Guido-

fcono, G. 8. 4* B. C.

1C-

Girolamo Salomons ...


SAVONA

DELFT ...

VOLKSTADT

maj p 1C

pot p rec* 1.7

h p p color 17C2

TURIN ...

And Shield alone with Cross.

Arms of Savoy

VIENNA

SIIIP.

COBRIDGE

SQUARE MARKS.CHINA ...

For other Square Maries, see

Oriental, used also by

WORCESTER and DRESDEN

t rmnj p lo-

li p imp or 1774

p olue

pot p blue 18

h p p blue

Marks. 75

H h p f blue 17DRESDENImitation Oriental

On Bottger ware ... ",,

UKBINO

Orazio Fontana

In Greek Characters

maj p 15

STAR.

DOCCIA

NOVE .

s p p color 1735

hp p gold or 1750

pot p red


X

X

SUN.

ST. CLOUD ... ... pet p blue 1702

.* sp

SAVONA

SWORD.

OAUGHLEY ... ... h p p blue 1750

DRESDEN ... ... h p p blue 1726

1730

Marks. 77

Xx !

DRESDEN

., Marcolini Manager ...

on White Porcelain for

Sale ... ...

on imperfect pieces ...

h p p blue 1770

1796

17-

scratched

through


XX-

DRESDEN

Bruhl Manager

ELBOGEN

MONTREUILTinei

TOURNAY

(?) CAUGHLEYAttributed to Worcester

WORCESTER

h p 3 blue 1750

17

h p mp 1810

p blue 18

s p p gold 175-

or blue

hp pblue 177-

sp p bine 17

Marks.

WORCESTER s p j) blue \7

TABLE.

CHINA ... ... ... h p

imitated by DERBY ...

TOWETl.

TOURNAT ., ... s p p tl"e 175


IA

VlNCENNES 8 p p color 17

TRIANGLE.

Bow, CHELSEA & DERBY

BRISTOL

DOCOIA

KORZEC

NYMPIIENBERO ...

s p & p gold & 17-

h p color &

imp & inc

h p imp 18-

&bis

s p p gold 1735

& imp

. p p blue 1803

hp {.blue 1753

pot imp 1809

Hulaudier*

Marks.

TRIDENT.

Bow

JA,e triangle imp

CAUGHLKY

CAPFAGIOLO

Also attributed to Faenza

Gubbio

SWANSEAAnd one trident

VASES.

BRISTOL

The Cross imp

JAPAN ...

p blue 170-

h p p blue 17

maj ,. lo

h y imp 18

h p pr blue 18

h f. imp 18

color


Gunno

WINDMILL.

CLJGNA.NCOUKT ...

Paries greatly

inaj p blue 15

&hp i color 1775

Majolica. 83

MAJOLICA.

THE manufacture of Italian Pottery generally known

as Majolica or RafFaelle ware was foi many years under

the patronage of the Urbino family, and was principally

carried on at Urbino, Gubbio, Pesaro, Castel Dnrante, Faenza

and Dim c.i.

The ware is coarse and bar], but it is valued for the

decorations, which are from designs by RafFaelle, Michael

Angelo, Guilio Romano, and other great masters; and some

are thought to be painted with their own hands.

Marryat says :

" It was the usual custom for the Artists

to write the title of the subject, in blue characters on the

back of the dish, but rarely to affix their names and place of

abode." The examples given will, it is hoped, be sufficient

for the identification of such marks as may be met with in

duplicate, those that arc given in type are too large for

ensravinor in a small handbook.


MAJOLICA.

&

BASSANO, Venetia ... ... ... 1540

Also with the signature of Antonio Terchi and

B Terchj

CAFFAGIOLO, Tuscany ... ... ... 1507

The ordinary mark is thus marie, it is S. P. in e

monogram, sometimes the P is alone given.

,,The trident is used both with and without

above. The name is also signed In Gafagolo

This mark is also attributed to Faenza and

Gubbio

(?) for Gafagiolo

Majolica. 85

FattoinBotegadi Piccolpasso

CASTEL DURANTE, Urbino ... ... founded 1361

The earliest known date is ... 12 Sep., 1503

Sebastiano d' Marforio signs and dates a piece in 1519

Francesco Durantino 1533

,,The Chevalier Piccolpasso was director of a

factory about

> 1841 !

" On Modern Ware < in imitation of the old

CASTELLI, Naples

So attributed by Pusscri ...

Saverio Grue. Also initials and name

L. G. P.

Or. Rocca di

Castelli, 1732.

Gentili P.

,, Luigi Grue ...

,Fro. - Ani- Grue

... 1550

14

1C

... 17

'>

... 1722

... J-'2

. 17-

DIRUTA, Papal States

Other varieties of this signature are found

86 Pottery and Porcelain.

-intyJ *

DIRUTA, Papal States

HT

1G-

FatainFaenzaIn Coxa Pirota

Given by Darcel as a mark of this factory ...

P AEN7A

On one of the earliest pieces of Majolica known 1475

(?) Gubbio. Supposed to be Maestro Giorgio 14

Many varieties of the letter F are found ...

Cosa Piroto The name of a factory of

Facnza ... .,, .,, ... 15-

Majolica.

FAENZA

And Avithout the circle ... ,,. 15

Also attributed to Pesaro

Many other varieties of this mark are found

Yvioiuarcx ]

ft Also initials B. M. , 154-

ML

,,And B Avithout the T ...

(?) Baldasara

ero.

F.R.

TAOEBA.T

Pottoy ana Porcelain.

AENZA

Attributed to Baldasara 15

In a square, and initials only ... , .. M

FLORENCE, Tuscany ... ... ... 14

Luca della Robbia and his family mailc their

famous ware here until about ... ... 15GO

This mark and another, LR FA, 1451, is attributed

to Luca, but both are very doubtful

Pate m .F

1542.

I la, Bo tega dMo Jero da

Forli.

,, A late mark on fino pottery

(?) for Firenze

., 17-

FORLI ... ... ... 15-

Also without date, and with signature of

Lcucadius Solombrinus, 1555

Majolica.

GENOA ... ... ... .

The beacon is well known, it varies very much

15

,, Given by Demmin

GUBBIO, Urbino ... ... ... ... 14

Giorgio Andreoli, afterwards known as Maestro .

Giorgio, first used the beautiful metallic luttre

which caused the Gubbio ware to be so valued

Also ascribed to him ... .*. .

... 1519

.,. 1525

9o Pottery and Porcelain.

GUBBIO Maestro Giorgio

B A, Merchants' mark...

,, With merchants' mark

... 1528

1532

15

Attributed to 3faes/ro

,. Vincentio or Cencio, son of M- Giorgio ... w

Majolica.

GUBBIO

AlsoN. G. , 15

(?) Maestro Fercstino. Also signature in full,.

,, (?) Salimbcne ... 16-

O (?) Ilipollilo TtombarioUi

(?) Rovigo ...

17. A. I. Jlf.

LODT, Lcmbarcly ...

And with the initials only

... 1C-

*L

5to,

r n.o

tf.B.

31.

1627.

M te L*1639.


MILAN. LombardyAnd name only

, 17-

15-2 /f

On modern pottery ... ... , 18-

MONTELUPO, Tuscany ... ... ,.., 1G-

Vaviously written

With signature Raffaello Girolamc

Given by Jacquemart ... ... p black

(?) Wolf's brush modern

NAPLES

Crown of various shapes, some-

times B. C.

Majolica. 93

EDVN

H.F

CPadva.

A. Padoa.

NAPLES.

And Ferdinando del Vecchio Napoli imp in full 17

So attributed

. 17

Giustiniani Brothers ...

And in outline

PADUA, Venetia ...

With date, 1548

1563

... imp 17

& p color

... p blue 17

15-

94_

In Fesaro.

FattoinPesaro

IP

Ravena.

In Arimin1535.

In Rimino1535.

Fato inAriminensis

1635.

Fatto in Romada Gio Pavlo

SavinoM.D.C.

In Roma.


PESARO

With dates, 1542 to 1765

Doubtful

(?) Giovanni Vejaso

EAVENNABetween two flourishes

RIMINI

Stiffly written

EOME ...

Pencilled in oval

Pencilled and impressed

, li

. 15-

... 1512

, 10-

, 15-

* 1C35

... 16-

. 1COO

Majolica. 95

Alma Roma1623.

EOME.

SAVONA, Genoa ...

(?) Guidobono

Girolamo Salomons

16-

16-

9

61., With initials G. A. G. (Gian Ant .. Guidobono)

and G. S. (tSalomone) & B. C. ..


L LFata t Siena.

Bar TereseRoma.

F. G.

Treviso.

N.

SAVONA, Genoa ~. 16

SIENA, Tuscany

With signatures of M Benedetto

,, Bartolomeo Terenzio Romaw-o

,,Also in monogram Ferdinando Ma.no,

Campani ...

TREVISO, LomardyIn circle

So attributed

TURIN, Piedmont ... ... ... 15

And Shield alone with Cross. Arms of Savoy

10-

15

1727

1733

15

Majolica. 97

FattainTorino TURIN, Piedmont

Fabrics Realedi Torino

1737.

So attributed

UEBINO

.f.XA-K-Til /

^/ t/rAino.

Xanto Avelli da Rovigo

.. 1577

... 17

... 14

p colour 15

X in blue, N in red lustre, probably Viceniio's

mark

H

9 8 Pottery and Porcelain.

^VAURBINO

Francesco Xanto Avelli

15-

,, Orazio Fontana 15-

Urlino Fecit

In Greek character!

JEA similar mail; dated 1519

ATico7o d' UrUno. About

also signed Niculo di V.

Majolica. 99

T. R. F.

1587.

F. G. C.

Alf. P. F.

Vrbini, 1606.

A.PRE

B. F. V. F.

VI

UBBINONicolo d' Urbino ...

Geronimo Vrliino, with dato

Also with initials E F B, dated

... 15

... 1583

... 1587

, 1594

,, Alfonzo Patanazzi. Also name in full ... 1006

Francesco Patanazzi. Also name in full ... 1608

Vicenzio Patanazzi, aged 12 years ... 1619

,, (?) Luca Cambiasi, of Genoa ... ... 16

,, (?) Battista Franco Urbini Fecit ... ...


UB.BINO

Also attributed to Faenza

VENICE

Venczia ic also written in full

, 16-

... 1545

Probably Gian Andrea and Pietro Berlolini,

too confused to be made clearer

., A well-known mark, with many variations ... 17

Doubtful

<.)n modern waro

17

.. is

Factories. 101

FACTOEIES.

ALTENROLHAU near Carlsbad,

Germany ... ... pot imp 1829

A. Nowotny, Director & h p

AMSTEL,Oude 3nearAr sterdam,

Holland ... ... hp p blue 1782

AMSTEL, Nicwer ... ... h p p blue 15

AMSTERDAM, Holland ... h p jiblue 1772

A. Daeuber, Director ... ,t 178-


AMSTERDAM, Holland

Hartog $ Brandeis

ANDENNES, France

B. Lammens $ Co.

pot p color 1780

pot imp 18

A. Der Vander Wcert

ANsrACH, Bavaria ... h p p blue 1718

And other varieties of the

A^sometimes like crossed

s words

The Eagles and Shields t , n n

vary very much, and

sometimes on A used

without the letter

Factories. 103

ANSPACH Ii p p blue 1718

/P

X<vAa

And FRANKENTHALJ". J.. Hawnong

APREY, France ...

ARNSTADT, Germany

pot p black 17CO

II J5 "

pot p color 17G-

ARRAS, France

BADEN-BADEN, GermanyWidow Sperl

s p p blue 1782

h p p gold 1753

or color

io4 Pottery and Porcelain

\BADEN-BADEN, Germany

Widwu Sperl

n

h p p gold 1753

or color

BAYRETJTII, Bavaria ... pot p black 15)k 15-

rot D blue 15

kip p 1744

BERLIN, PRUSSIA.

Established by W. G. Wegeley, in 1751, and purchased

by Frederick the Great, in 1763. Pott, a chemist at

this factory, claims the invention of transfer printing on

porcelain.

BERLIN, Prussia.

Wegeley h p p blue 1751

Factories. 105

1

KPK

BERLIN, Prussia

Royal Factory. Manyforms of sceptre ... h p p blue 176-

Konigliche PorzelleR.

Manufactur

This Ea,gle is also used by

Schuman, of Hoabit,

with namet

Frequently painted tn

green or gold over the

sceptre mark, on

damaged pieces

1830

r 1850

18


BBlaR

op*

I:

t

BORDEAUX, France

Lahens 4" Rateau

h p p color 18

BOURG-LA-EEINE, France .-. s p p blue 1773

4 pot

Le Chappelet ,

BOW.

This factory ivas established about 1735, "but did not

become celebrated until many years later.

Bow e p p blue 173

Factories. 107

it

Bow

To

The form and position

of the sword vary

The triangle has long beenconsidered a Bowmark t

but recent researches

have rendered it doubt-

ful, it is often hard to

say if it is a Bow or

Triangle, the latter is

now proved to have beenused at CHELSEA andDERBY

Triangle, imp

A. B. F. G. & K. are also

found, probably work-

men's marks

Also BRISTOL

B p p blue 173-

p red

&gold

impinc '

p gold& color

p Dine


ELERS

*

B

B

BRA i>WELL pot imp 1600

BRISTOL

Founded ly llicliard h p p color 1772

Champion

,, And other imitations of

Oriental marks ... ,,

The cross impressed hp pr blno IS

imp

& biscuit

For Tebo, the modeller.

Many other ivorlcmeris

marks are found ino 17-

Factories. 109

LC

JB

J{. S/iau-e.

WEDGWOOD.Wedgwood.

Wedgwood <

Bentley.

Aaron Wood.

Enoch Wood.

Wood&Caldwell.

Steel.

BEUSSELS, BelgiumL. Crette

BURSLEM, Staffordshire

And Ralph Toft

h p p color 1791

P .>

pot in relief 1G70

.1 ,imP 167~

173-

175-

1768

175-

1783

1790

18


caen

CALDASPORTUCAI

BUEN RETIRO (Madrid), Spain

Attributed to Royal

Factory, Charles III.,

butprobably LUDWIQS-

BUKQ

,, The Capo di Monte mark

is found on early pieces

,,And M only ...

CAEN, France

Also in capitals

CALDAS, Portugal

Mafra^ maker. Imitations

of Palissy ware


And various other forms

of Fleur de lys

Ferdinand IV, patron ...

s p p color

& pot

176-

h p p red 1793

pot imp 18

s p p blue 1736

p red 1759

or blue

& imp.

Factories. ii i

Os

D. D. & Co.

CASTLEFOEDPOTTERY.

SALOPIAN.


This factory has success-

fully imitated old ma-

jolica

Ferdinandus Rex

CASEMKNE, France

Lafl4cliere and Pzillaird

CASTLEFOED. near Leeds

D. Dunderdale

CAUGHLEY, Shropshire

Established in 1750, by

. Brown, taken in 1772

by Thomas Turner .

Crescent marked thus is

often mistaken for J)

arid attributed to

Duesbury of DERBY.

s p p color J79

p color 1780

pot imp 18

pot imp 1790

h p p blue 1750

p blue


s

XTURNER.

CAUUHLEY, Shropshire ... h p p blue 1750

h p imp 1772

& pot

h p p blue 17

And other numerals thus

treated, to rescmUe

oriental marks

,, (?) Turner, attributed lo

WORCESTER

Rose Sf Co. ...

p blue J77-

color 1799

CHAM-TILLY, France

Also u'ithname

s p p blue

and imp

Factories*

'Si/*

A4Ti

CHELSEA.

This factory, established in {he 17th century, acquired

little celebrity until about 1750, when the modelling and

beauty of the paste rendered its productions equal to

those of any foreign factory.

CHELSEA

The best quality in gold

p imp 174-

p gold 174-

or rod

M


CHELSEA ... ... s p p gold 1745

And with name in full or red

& imp

CLIGNANCOURT, near Paris ... h&spp color IV "5

This varies very much

r/v* " Monogram of the Patron, h p st red

/r /f

|& Louis Stanislas Xavier,^* ^-> Comte de Provence

Porcelaine de Monsieur tt f1780

CoALrORT, or COALBROOK h p p blue 1787

DALE, Shropshire

^wd C. J>aZe ... ... .. .,

18

Factories.

%>

MX

Voyez.

IRV/c.

COALFORT, or COALBROOK

DALE, Shropshire

... ... h p p blue 18

Caughley, Swansea, Nant-

garw, united 1821

1861

COBRIDGE, Staffordshire ... pot imp 1773

p blue 18-

COLOGNE, Germany pot ] blut, 1589

16-


o

Factories.

CEIEL.

D

ITD7

Cm EL, Franco

Also with monogram of

Stone-Coquerel and Lc

Gros of Paris

DAMH, Germany ...

pot imp J7S-

h P p blue 17

DELFT, HOLLAND

Potteries were established here at a very early date;

it is said that fine ware was produced in 1480, nothing

certain is Icnoivn lefore 1614, when a patent ivas granted

to Cla.es Janssen Wytman's,for making porcelain, probably

fine pottery.

DELFT, Holland

The A * PHA De Griekse. A.

J. T. Dextra or Dilcstraat

Mark registered

pot p blue

17G1

n8

DEX

7

I. H. D.


DELFT, Holland ...

Zoon Dexlra ...

,, On tyare ttrMTi same pat-

terns as that with first

mark

The works were carried on

by Jarobus Haider

Adriens Zoon in 1765...

(?) Jacobus Haider

,, Cornells van Os had the

works in 1767

,, ThoA.XE. DeByl

Justus Brouwer

pot p blue 1764

17C5

,, p bluo

rcg 17G4

Factories.

DELFT, Holland ...

Justus Brouwer.

This is also attribuied to

A.Kielle, of the Wliite

Star.

The CLAW. De Klaauw

Lambertus Sanderus.

,, This mark is so varied

that it is usually"un-

known." It has leen

called The Griffin !

pot p blue 1764

reg 17G4

'80

The DOUBLE PITCHER.

DC Dubbelde Schenkkan

Thomas Spaandonclc...

17G4

I 20 Pottery and Porcelain

tjTUTLl.\

(A.

DELFT, Holland

,, FORTUNE. T' Fortuyn... pot p blue reg 1'J'J!

Pieter van der Briel

,T. H. F.

Int. Fortuyn.

I. D. A.

De

., TFccluice i'. d. Uriel

The GOLDEN BOAT. /H

tier vergulde Boot

Johannes der Appel

,,TLc GOLDEN FLOWERPOT

De vergulde blompot ...

P. Verberg

1704

Factories. 12.1

j DELFT, Holland

The HART. T' Hart ... pot p blue rcg 17G4

HVMD

MP

E. B. S.

,, Hendrik van Middeldijk

The METAL POT

De Metaale Pot

Lartibertus Clejjfius ...

Pietcr Paree

The old MOOB'S HEAD ...

In V oude Moriaans Hojft

Geertruy Verstelle

Tbe young MOOR'S HEAD

Tjongue Moriaans Hofft

Widow of Picler Jan

v. d. Hagen

Probably a mark of one or

other of these factories

The PEACOCK. De Paaaw

Jacobus de Milde

1639

1704

p color

pblae .. 1G51

>, 17C1


7='

twn

PVM

DELFT, Holland

Jacobus de Milde pot [iblue 17C1

(?) Cornells Boumeester

,, The PORCELAIN BOTTLE

De Porceleyne Fles

Pieter van Doorne ...

The PORCELAIN PLATTER

De Porceleyne Sclwotel

.,Johannes van Duyn ...

, tTlte EOMAN

De RomeynPetrus van Merum

reg 17G4

Factories. 123

DELFT, Holland

,, JanvanderKlootJanzcon pot p blue 1764

/oo7; thejactory

The EOSB ...

De Roos

Dirfe van der Does

The THREE BELLS

De drie klokken

W. van der Does

This varies so much

that it is often" unknown "

Doubtful

ieg!7G4

I24 Pottery and Porcelain

FB

Hooren.

7?

WVB

DELFT, Holland

,, The THREE PORCELAIN rel7(M

BOTTLES De drle Par-

celeyrie fleschjes

,, Hufjo Brouwer ... pot p blue ,,

The THREE PORCELAIN

BARRELS De drie Por-

celeyn aslonnen

Hendrick van Hoorn ... ,,

The Two SHIPS ...

De twee Sheepjes

,,Ant. Pennis ... ... ,, , ,,

The Two WILD MEN ... ;..

DC twee wildemans

,, Widow of Willem van ,.

Beek

The WATER CA:T ... -.

De LampetkanW(dow of Gerardus Brouwer

L P Kan

Factories. 125

AK-

DELFT, Holland

The WHITE STAB

De ivitie stcr

reg 17G4

pot p brie

/t/C

As J

fi^t^r variations

(?)FancZrJ,osc/

,. Beryliem

J774


LVj

V

DELFT, Holland

,, Isaalc Lrouwer

(?) Van der Does

(?) Van Dammelar

Suter van der Even

so attributed

Ifartmus

^Infoni Ter Hwnpelin

plMue 1750

1580

-eg 1G75

color 1650

Factories.

IfK

UK

J-ff

\ DELFT, Holland

Q. Kleynoven

Jan Kuylicli the younger

r

Bf Johannes Mesch

Cornells Keyser

Jacobus Pynalcer and

Adrien Pynaker

12

p blue re^f 1680

*i -

.


DELFT, Holland

,, Keyset* 4* Pynal:er p blue xG80

,, Jan Steen

,, Samuel Piet Roerdcr

" Willem van der Velde ..,

Abraham Verboom

Piet*riseer ... ..

(?) Philip Wouvermans ..

1650

Icolor

1660

1680

1769

15-

Factories-

AVIfT>7M.2l>1173

DELFT, Holland

UNKNOWN MARKS

129

p co1 or 1773

pblufe

6-JVC

G")&'779

HX2-

(?) In 771

p rea

p bl**


xw

KVK

MVC4

DELFT, Holland

UNKNOWN MARKS

., (?) Jan Kuylich

On ware painted in the

style of Majolica. Animitation of a Savona

mark-

p blue

f blue 1731

p oolor

p bine

p red 17

Factories..

4#


PEHBY.

Founded in 1751, ly W. Duesbury, who, in 1770, pur-

chased the Chelsea Works, and, in 1781, removed the

moulds and models to Derby; also Bow, 1770.

DERBY ... .. s p p red

Duesbury.

DERBY CHELSEA ... ... s p

Later in lilac, then in red

p gold

or red

1756

1770

p gold 177-

CROWN DERBY ... ... h p p red 1780

Also without the dots or violet

with monogram D KDuesbury and Kean ... ,, ., 1798

- Also with in old English

type ^ 1780

Factories. 133

A

Joshua Heath.

DEJIBY

,, In imitation of the Sevres h p p red or 1798

mari violet

, ,In imitation of the Chinese

,, Probably a workman* t

mark

p blue

M& imp

And in oval h p pr color[ 183g

Stevenson $ Hancock ... lip p color 186-

Cockpit Hall

DOCCIA, near Florence, Italy

Various star marks

pot imp 1760

9 p p color 1735

imp &

p gold

'34

GINORI.

<3>C/PO


DOCCIA, near Florence, Italy...

The founder's name

The Capo diMonti mould*

were transferred here

about

n I> imp 1735

1821

DRESDEN, SAXONY.

The first European Porcelain manufactory, established

by Augustus II. in 1709, under the management of

fiottjer.

DRESDEN, Saxony

,, Augustus Rex, founder ... hp p blue 1709

The Caduceus (sale mark)

Bottger ware

And other square marks

in imitation oj oriental

1712

to 1720

about 1718

factories. '35

, {Saxony...

Herold, manager

h p p blue 1720

1720

1730

,, 'Brulil, manager

17-

Alcissen porzeilen manu*

faclur. A'so without

the words.


x

X

XX

DEESDEN, Saxony...

Early mark

Sachsiche porzellen mami-

factur

Konigliche porzellen manu-

factur

p p blio 17

1750

17-

1770

,, Harcolini, manager ... 9 ,

On white porcelain (per-

fect), for sale.

,, On imperfect pieces

I79G

l>blue

scratched

through

Factories, 137

DRESDEN, Saxony...

Un 'imperfect pieces

,, On faulty table goods

b p p blao 17

scratched

through

Wedgwood$Co

A modern imitation of

early markp blue 18

& imp

ELBOGEN, Bohemia ... h p imp 1810

see Wedgwood

FERRYBRIDGE, near TJurslcm,,

& pot


FLORENCE, Italy .., * p p color 1580

This varies very much

,, The arms of the Medici

family. Rare marie.

15

FEANKENTHAL, Bavaria ... h p p bltto 1754

The arms of. Hannong

of Strasbourg, removed

here, 1753.

Paul Hannong ...

Also J. A. H. tin monogram & pot fc in/

Carl Theodore, patron ... hp p blue 1761

FULDA, Germanv ...

Furstlick Fuidaisch

p blue 17G3

to 17SO

Factories. 139

t FULDA, Germany ...

On figure?..

FURSTENBEEG, Germany

,, The F varies very much...

h p p blue 17G3

h p p blue 170

GERA

GOT u*

R.

h p p blue 1780

b p p blue 175-

,, Rotheribcrg, the founder

GROSBREITENBACH

Sometimes a mere flourish

h p p r-olor 1770

1 4o Pottery ana Porcelain

E. Mayer.

Lakin fy Poole.

Shorthose.

NEALE & Co.

J. MEIGH &SONS.

NEELD.

HAGUE (THE), Holland ... hp p blue 177-

J Stork the Arms oj ihe

Town

HALDENSTEBEN, ALT, Germany hp imp

HANLEY

pot imp

Also Heigh .

In imitation of Wedgwood

17

177-

1776

U79

173-

178

Factories. 141

J. Keeling.

Eastwood.

Shorthose Sf

Heath.

T. SNEYD,HANLEY.

Mason'sIronstone

China.

HEREND.

HANLEY

W. Baddeley

pot imp 179-

18

Lane Delph, near ... ,, pr color 1813

HERCULANEUM see LIVEKPOOL.

HEREND, Hungary h p p blue 1800

H)

Also Shield $ Crown of

Austria, fy Shield %Crown of Hungary.

Maurice Fischer ... 1839

HESSE CASSEL, Germany ... h p p blue 1763

HESSE DARMSTADT, Germany h p p blue 1756

HILDERSHEIM, Germany h p p blue 1760


HOCHST, near Mayence, Germany h p p gold 1720

The arms of the Archbish'm & color

of Maymce

DKiEETb

\S

n ^3T

fitd

T

Dahl

KIEF. Russia

KIEL, Denmark ...

Bu.chwald, Director

Abr. Leihamer fecit

pot p color 1791

&hp

pot p color 178-

pot p gold 177-

or color

Also K. T. G ...

KORZEC, Poland ... ... h p p blue 1803

,, The mark varies very much,and is sometimes usea

with the name

KREUZEN, Germany

Caspar Vest

Hans Christoplie Vest

pot p color 1610

to 1GOO

Factories.

J. Lockett.

TURNER.

B. Plant.

T. Harley,Lane Lnd.

Maf 41 Newld

LANE END or LONGTON,Staffordshire

Mayer Sf Ncwbold

Bailey $Batlcin.

LEEDS TT'irTia

POTTERY. '

LEEDS

UlU

1 43

pot imp 17

1762

177-

pot & imp

hp1809

Also with name, Hartley,

Green $ Co.

LILLE, France

Dorez

D is also found on soft paste.

imp & 18

pr color

pot imp - 18

pot imp 177(?

p color

imp

pot p oobr 1711

j, 174-

17

1 44

I


LILLE, France

F. Boussemart.

Petit

pot p color 1729

1778

Patron, The Dauphin ... h p stcn & 1784

Leperre Duroo. p red

LIMBACH, Saxe meiningen ... hp p red 17G1

p gold

p coicr

LIMOGES, France ... h p p red 1773

Factories. H5

J.p


Davenport.

LONGPORT.

Phillips.

yi.rf

X

LONGPORT

J. Davenport

A blurred impression of" ^ war& is read Liver-

pool in mistake for

Davenport..

pot imp 1793

pr red

imp

]r blue 1S05

LOOSDRECHT, near Amsterdam, bp p bine

Holland

Manufactur oude Loos-

drecht. Moll, director

LOWESTOFT ... ... s*hp ,,

No mark used byfactory

I/UDWIGSBURG, Wiirtemberg h p p blue

Tnitial of Duke Charles,

sometimes used with-

out the crown

17GO

1772

175-

1758

Factories

I

! LUDWIGSBURG, Wiirtembcrg h p p blue 1758

Thisform is also attributed

to Madrid

An antler from ihe arms ,.

of Wilrtemberg or red

TR

.B.1 E

Also W. R. ...

LUXEMBOURG, Belgium

Boch, Director

MADRID -see BUEN EETIRO.

MALTA ...

p blue 1C06

to 1818

pot p color. 180G

&lip

u/ vi/

pot imp 18

MARANS, France ... ... pot p color 1740

Jean Pierre Roussencq

MARIEBERG, Sweden ... pot p colo* 1750

& s p


. c.

Vc c

MARIEBEEG, Sweden

Ehrenreich.

MARSEILLES, France

Also with C. S.

Savy

pot p color 17*

& s p

>

pot p color 1777

pr .,

B

Veuve Pernn

lionnefoy

p black 17CO

., p color 1769

hp p black 1777

&pot

Factories. 149

DV

MEISSEN, near Dresden, Saxony pet imp 17

Boltger

MENECY VILLEROT, France... op p color 1735

Dulce of Villeroy & inc

MIDDLESBOROUGH, Yorkshire pot p blue 18

20, the pattern mark imp

MONTET, Franco ...

Laurjorois, manager

MONTPELLIER, France

Le Vouland

pot imp 18

pot imp 18

TAPKHEPt

MONTREUIL, sous bois, Franco h p p blue 18

Tinet

Moscow, Russia ...

A. Gardner

h p p color 17


nonoBbi

7*

I^AHHA

Moscow, Russia ...

-4. Popo/.

li p p color 1830

) 91

,, F. G. Fabrica Gospodina h p imp 18

(The factory of our & pot color

Lady) Galena

e

NANTGARW.

MOUSTIEKS, Franco

Olery

1686

p color 172-

,, Feraud

Guichard

Also the G only

NANTQARW, AVales

pot p color 173-

,, stcn in

dots

h p imp & 1813

color

Factories.

NAPLES. See CAPO DI MONTI.

NEVERS, France ...

,, Jacques Bourdv

,, Denis Lefebvre

,, Henri Borne

Jacques Scigne

,, Francois Rodrigue

,Tile mstori ...

pot p color 15

3) It

II >t

>5 S>

1602

1636

1730

1850

I C2 Pottery and Porcelain

NEWCASTLE. NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE ... pot imp 18

X

NIEDEBVILLER,. near Stras- h p p blue 1760

bourg1

,France & pot

Baron de Beyerle", the

founder

General de Custine ... 1786

,, And other varieties oj the ,,

coronet

,, Lanfray, director ... fiten 1802

PBC

Nove

NOVE*

xmp

NIMES, France ... ... pot

PLantier Boncourant # Co.

183-

NOVE, Italy h p p gold 1750

Factories.

NOVE. Italy h p p gold 175

or color

NUREMBURG, Germany ... pot imp 155(

Ham Kraut ... ... p blue 1578

,, George Liebolt

NYMPHENBERG, Bavaria

The arms of Bavaria

1667

b p imp 1753

,, p blue ,,

NYON, Switzerland ... ,,

Pierre Mulhausen, painter >}

1790

18-

'54 Pottery and Porcelain

VA

Factories. '55

IPARIS, France ... ... h p p color 1773

^yV_ Gros

H

A

Manuf"- deMM"-

Guerliard et

liihl a Paris-.

,, Advenir Lamarre

P. A. Hannong

Lelxeuf. Marie Antoinette,

patroness

Housel took the factory ...

: n

Guerhard

Due d'Angouleme, patron

,,Also the names in full

together and separate.

Nast

1773

Porcelaine de la Reine ... f red 1778

1799

p rod 1780

h p &t red 1783

Dagoty.

Feuillet

&

F&R

P *


PARIS, France Dagoty ... hp ji ret. 179-

Feuillet ...

J. Petit ... ... h p {.blue 1790

Clianou ... red 1784

Schlossmacher M v gold 187-

PERKENHAMMER, near Carlsbad, hp j> color 1802

Austria

Fischer & Reichembach

PlNXTON ... ... Sp

80 attributed, but the

factory had no acknow-

ledged marks.

1794

I Pi/!MOUTHThe sign of Jupiter

h p p blue 176-

Factories. 157

PLYMOUTH ... ... h p p blue 176-

Probably Jupiter carelessly

pencilled

... ... h p p blue 1770

Doubtful

POPPLESDORF, Germany

QUIMPER.Hubaudiere.

17

pot imp 176-

imp 1809

EA'IWNSTEIN, Germany ... hp p blue 1760

REUENSBERU or RATISBON ... h p p bluo 17

Germany


k

f

I?A

pr

fD

X

REGENSBERG, cr RATISBON, bp p bit . 17-

Germany

EOCKINGHAM See SWINTON

ROUEN, France ... pot p color

,, A great many initials are

given by

as Rouen marks

EUDOLSTADT, Germany ... h p jicoior 1758

Hay fork, part of the

Arms of ftchwa'ftzberg

Factories,

I

I

UUDOLSTADT, Germany ... h p p color 1758

SAINTES, FRANCE.

Bernard PaU?sy settled here about 1538 and after

unceasing efforts succeeded in producing the well-Known

pottery called by his name

SAINTES, France pot inc

So attributed

ST. AMAND, France ... puC, p 1750

Fauquez, director.

ST. CLOUD, b''ranc*> ... s p imp 1702

J. B. Chicanneau ... pot p bluo 1700

,, When patronised by the king ,, 1702

&sp to 1715


ST. CLOUD, France

Trou, director

ST. PETERSBURG, iiussis

pot <fc p

sp

J715

1730

h p p bluo 174 1

Cc

6

8rtrt

n

Catherine 11

ft Made for the Palace bv

Paul Korniloffe

17G-

17C2

p color 1736

Factories. 161

-4

BPATKEBT*

KopHMAOBblXTi

sx

^L^

ST. PETERSBURG, Russia

Alexander I.

Nicholas!. ...

Brothers Korneloffski

,, Alexander II,

ST. SAMSON, France

h p p color 1801

pot imp

1827

1855

183-

SCEAUX PENTHIEVRE, Franco s p inc 1750

^ZsoSP. to 1760

Due de Penthievre. Lord

High Admiral, patron pot p bluo 1751

sp 1753

Sceaux. J.792


tfe Sevres

SCHAFFHAUSEN, GermanyTobias Slimmer.

SCHLAKENWALD, Austria

pot

hp

p coior 1560

1800

SEVEES, FBANCE.

This Factory was removed from Vincennes in 1756.

and, under the patronage of Madame de Pompadour

became the most celebrated in Europe. The soft past*

vases, etc., are now invaluable, owing to their form, colour,

and artistic decoration.

SEVRES, France.

,, Royal period. Sometimes

with crown. The letter

indicates the year. See

TabU.

s p p blue 1753

Hard paste first made

Republic

And name only ...

National Manufactory ...

Marlz 1804. See Table.

Imperial Manufactory ...

J7C8

h & s p colov 1792

h p st red 1803

1806

Factories. 163

25"

JO

Sevres30

SEVRES, France ...

Imperial Manufactory.

Louis XVIILDated with ttie year of

the century.

Charles X. ...

,, On plain ware

,, On decorated ware

Louis Philippe. From

August to Decemler.

1830, to November, 1831

h p p red 1810

stcn

& imp

p blue 1814

1824

1829

1830

p color


I SEVRES, France ...

Louis Philippe

With the ahom

Republic to 1851

On decorated ware.

h p p blue 1334

imp or 1833

pr color

pr green 1848

p red

Napoleon III., Emperor hp pr color 1852

The raarat- h &

facture ofsoft paste was s p

revived 1854.

The scratch marks the piece m

as undecorated.

1854

pr green 1861

Factories.

SEVBES.-TABLE OF DATES.


AA

Factories. .67

|SEVRES. Initials and Monograms of Decorators, $c.

/*'* Chapui?, aine ... Flowers, Birds, etc.


^^ SEVRES. Initials and Monograms of Decorators, <$c.

*~F* Fontaine ... Flowers.

Factories. 169

XA


/#

Factories. 171

p

? 1


SEVRES. Initials and Monograms of Decorators, $c.

Schadre ... ... Birds and Landscapes.

Sinsson ... ... Flowers.

Swebach ... Landscapes, etc.

Bineb ... ... Flowers.

Vande ... ... Gilding and Flowers.

Mde. Gerard . . Flowers and Borders.

Hilken ... ... Pastoral Subjects.

Vavasseur . . . Arabesques

Grison ... ... Gilding.

Micaud ... .. Flowers, Vases

Bouillat ... Landscapes and Flowers

Joyau ... ... Detached Flowers.

UNKNOWN.

Figure subjects, finely painted.

Do. do.

On fine ware, with other marks.

Factories. '73

SEVRES. Maries of Decorators,

Buteux, pere ... Flowers and trophies.

?

'74 Pottery and Porcelain

#

Factories.

56

9-


M 8.

ASTBTJBT.

E. & J.

BADDELEY

I. & G.RlDGWAY.

J. & W. E.

Sincheny.

Noel

Choisy ...

Aubert ...

Martinet . . .

SEVRES. Marks of Decorators, i^c.

... Flowers, medallions.

. . . Flowers, trophies .

... Flowers.

The lest Painters, fyc., are n Italics.

SHELTONNew Hall Works

and name Hackwood.

,

Miles

,, Baddeley

Bell Works

SINCENY, France

pot pr color 1820

1842

1685

,, imp 17

1750

177-

lo 1816

to 1854

pot p color 1733

Factories. '77

SPODE.

Porcelar

SINCENT, France

Joseph le Cerf.

,, Moulin

STOKE-UPON-TllENT

,, Minton

On best

,, Gopeland. Copeland $

Garrett, 1833. Cope-

land, late Spode, 1847.

pot p color 177-

1864

pot imp 1770

h p p red

,, p color 179-

h p p gold 185

or color

pr blue 18

pr color 185-

STBASBOUBG, Germany ... pot p blue 17

Hannong removed to & h p

Frankenthal, 1754.

.78 Pottery and Porcelain

M.

PHILLIPS &Co

DIXON & Co.

MOORE & Co.

SOUTHWARE.

SWANSEA.

XSWANSEA

SWANSEA.

<M

STRASBOURG, Germany . ... pot p blue 17

& hp

,, J. Hannong. Paid ,,

Hannong.

SUNDERLANDSunderland Pottery.

,, Wear Pottery

SWANSEA

pot pr color 1780

1805

1*>-

n p p color 178-

imp 18

And trident only

And with name, Dyllwyn

4- Co. sten rod 181-

SWINTON, Eockingham ... h p pr red 17

The Eockingham Crest.

First used about 1824.

Brameld, maker.

Factories. 79

BF.AJHELD, SWINTON, Buckingham

TOULOUSE, France

Fouque, Arnoux et Cie.

h p pr red 1807

&pot

pot p color 1820

BOOTH.

CHILD.

A.$E. Keeling.

VV. ADAT\IK.

TOUKNAY, Franco ... sp p blue 175-

Tour aux oiseaux. Also

a potter's kiln.

V gold

or blue

TOURS, France

Victor Avisseau.

TUNSTALL

And name in full Enoch

Booth.

h p p blue 184-

pot imp 1750

17(53

1770

1780

i8o Pottery and Porcelain

TURIN, Italy ... ... h p imp 1770

Vineuf, Dr. Gioanetti.

t*Ven?

CM

UZES, France

Francois Pichon.

VAL sous MEUDON, France.

Mittenhof $ Mourot.

VABAQES

VENICE, Italy

,, Giovanni Marcone

pot 18-

179-

& pr

pot p black 1730

or red

h p p red 17

or blue

s p p gold 17

or color

h p p rod 1765

VIENNA, Austria ... ... p blue 1774

The shape of the shield or imp

varies.

Factories. 181

sVINCENNES, France

The Tower varies.

9> Hannong

s p p ?olor 17

li p 178-

fJSTS'\/l\f VILLENGEN, Nurembergn-/L.l/yVj Hans Kraut.

cSv VOLKSTADT, Germany

VOISONLIEU, France

Jean Ziegler.

WEDGWOOD. WEDGWOOD, Burslem and

Wedgwood.

Etruria.

hp

pot s-t

& imp

15-

17G2

1839

pot imp 175-

A h p 1770

imp 17G8

to 1780


WORCESTER

This Factory was established, in 1751, by Dr. Wall and

others. The invention of transfer printing on porcelain is

attributed to Dr. Wall, but is also claimed for Sadler, of

Liverpool, and Dr. Pott, of Berlin.

WORCESTER s p p blue 1751

or gold

Dr. Wall

Imitation of Chinese marks

Many marks are found in

this style, in imitation

of Oriental.

p blue

or red

p p blue 17-

or red

Factories. 183

XWORCESTERImitation Dresden marks

p p blue 17

or red

ctfipfit

Flight

and name on<v

ft p \) blue 178.

Flight $ Barr

,, Barr

Barr, Flight $ Ban ...

Also FEB. and names

in full.

1793

h p inc 1793

imp 1807

1 84 Pottery and Porcelain Factories.

RI

WORCESTER ... ... h t> pr 18

,, And Chamberlains only. 178-

., Grainger, Lee $ Co. ... 1800

,, Richard Holdship. A . p color 175-

Duorator's mafic. Healso ivorkedfor Derby.

WURZBUKG, Bavaria ... ,, p blui 17

ibsolom Yam. YARMOUTH ... pot^

.Z?,.. orator, also wit''

name inj.^.

ZURICH, Switzerland hp ,)blue 1759

W.C.P.

Oriental. 1 8

ORIENTAL MARKS.

CHINA.

CHINESE porcelain is said to date from about a century before the

Christian era ; their pottery is of the greatest antiquity, and, like the

porcelain, is of every quality. The oldest example that can now be

obtained is of the Ming period, though, if the marks could be relied on,

there are many pieces of the 10th century still to be found, but marks

are so easily imitated, and Chinese potters are so fond of reproducing

old patterns with marks complete, that very little reliance can be placed

upon them. The best periods of the manufacture of porcelain during

the Ming dynasty, were

Yun^10 " 1403 to 1424

Seuen-tih ... 1426 1435

Ching-hwa 14C5 1487

Kea-tsing 1522 15G6

Wan-leih ... 1573 1G19

Egg Shell" ware was first made in the Yung-lo period.

The euen-th was famous for all sorts of coloured ware.

1 86 Pottery and Porcelain.

The Ching-hwa produced the best ware and the finest

decoration. This mark commands larger prices in Europe

-f- H 7 than any other. The dark rich blue of the Kea-tching and

the white granulated surface of the Wan-leili, are very

choice."Old blue China," or Nankin ware, is from the Im-

perial factories at King-te-chin a town of potters named after King-'e,

the Emperor, who first patronized the manufactory in 1004-1007. The

ware bore the "six mark" dates until 1667, when they were forbidden

by an edict from the governor of the province, lest any piece being

broken, the Emperor's name might be profaned by being carelessly

thrown on the dust heap. This blue ware was made by direction of the

Emperor, who ordered it to be of the colour of the sky after the winter

rains.

The marks on Chinese work are seldom either Factory or Painter's

marks. M. Stanislas Julien gives the mark of a potter of the Wan-leih

period, named Hao-chi-lihieoii, who excelled in writing verses and in

painting ;he appears to have taken religious vows and lived in retire-

,^, -^ ment; his mark is Ou-in-tao-jin. Ou, the hermit. M.

iPf H?. Jacquemart mentions a "six mark,"

"sold by Pei-tcliing,

AH5?made by Kien-ki." Some of those given are no doubt

In3\ makers' names as San-yuh, Mountain of Gems ;but the

marks most commonly found are in four or six characters, and denote

the date of the manufacture.

The "six mark" may be made out from the table of dates without

much trouble, except from badly formed characters, handwriting being

as varied in China as elsewhere.

Chinese writing is arranged in columns commencing at tne right,

reading downwards. If in a horizontal line it reads from right to left.

Oriental,

KEEN SEUEN-TA

CHE-TiH-MING

The first and second characters of the"

six mark " showwoo- TA TA

EN- MINGthe dynasty, thus :

' the third and fourth, the period

C/tE

| "ifc (n 'een haou), name of the years; the fifth signifies/

!qpl year, and the sixthJ||

made : thus, Ta-Ming, Hung-

woo, neen che. Great Ming (illustrious) dynasty, Hung-

woo, years; made. 13G8 to 1398. Or arranged thus, Ta.

Ming, Seuen-tth, neen, che. Made in the Seuen-tih period

of the Ming dynasty. 1426 to 1435.

The next example is

Ta Ts'hing, Yung-ching, neen, die, Great Ts'hing (pure)

dynasty Yung-ching period. 1723 to 1735. The *' four

mark "is more troublesome, as it does not give the

dynasty it necessitates a search through the whole list of

dates;

it is read in the same order, thus : King-till

neen, che, made in the King-tih period, about 1004 to

1007.

The square marks called the Imperial Seal, which have

been in use from the beginning of the last century, are

read in the same way; they are written in an archaic

character that is only understood by antiquaries, and

are usually very badly done. In the list given, from the

best examples that could be obtained, it will be seen that

the first, second, fifth and sixth, which should be alike in all, vary

considerably; "four mark" seals are also given which show similar

variations.


4

**E

Dates are also written thus : Wan-leih pah r>&n che.

\Wan-leih eighth year, made 1580.

All these may be known as dates by the last characters,

Ween year ;and che, to make, form or fashion.

Sometimes another character is used, Neen tsaou, made

or make.

Ta Ming-she-heen, made in the time of the Great Ming

government. An example was found that probably read

thus : but it was too confused to be read with certainty ;

the piece waa modern ware.

Ta Ming neen che, made in the years of the Great Ming.

This is also to be found, but is probably a modern mark.

Another mode of dating is by the cycle of sixty years,

but as only the year of the cycle is given it does not

identify the period.

24th year ... ... p blue

Oriental.

One example was written thus-

Woo shin necn chc, 5th year p blue

The first column is called the ten celestial stems, and

the second the twelve terrestrial branches. The twelve

"branches" are the Chinese Zodiac: The Rat, Bull,

Tiger, Eabbit, Dragon, Serpent, Horse, Sheep, Monkey,

Cock, Dog and Boar. The ten"stems

"are double

characters; they are allied to the five Chinese elements :

Water, Fire, Wood, Metal and Earth. This system is

also used in Japan and Siam. The 76th cycle commencedin 1864.

if"

If ft53

OPT

57


5m

ISA

The most interesting of these dates is that used in

the year 1721, Yew sin-choiv ne'^n che. Made in the Sin

chow year again (recurring). The Emperor Kang-hecame to the throne in the 38th year of the 68th cycle,

and died in 1722. He therefore had reigned for a whole

cycle on the recurrence of the 38th year in 1721, an

event unexampled in Chinese history.

In a later example the date is given both by the year

of the Emperor, and the year of the cycle.

T'hung-cJie sJuh urh necn. Kwci yew, 12th year of

T'hung-che. 10th year of cycle= 1874. The llth

year also commences in 1874.

DATES.

TA MING Dynasty

Hung-woo

Keen-wan

Yung-lo

Hung-he

1368

1399

1403

Seuen-te .. 1426

*Ching-t'hung 1436

King-tae ... 1150

* T'heen-shun 1457

'

Ching-hwa ... 14G5

* Some authorities reverse these two periods they both

belong to the Emperor Yung Ching, who was taken

prisoner by the Tartars, and held captive for seven yearf.

Oriental. 191

$&


IMIIIIm$IDJ

11

i j/

loP!

1*5.1

flluuii!

Kang-he ... 1662

Yung-ching 1723

Keen-lung ... 1736

Kea-king ... 1796

Taou-kwang 1822

Han-fung ... 1851

T'huvg-che ... 1861

Four Characters.

Ching-hwa... 14;^

Probably a forgery .

Shun-che ... 1641

Zeen-Zttnflr ... 1736

Taou-ku-ang 1822

Han-fung ... 1851

Thung-che... 1861

Two Characters-Name only.

r/mnsr-c/tc... 186!

Oriental. 193

BAT.

Fuh, used as a synonym for happiness.

DRAGON,

With five claws, is an Imperial emblem, with four, of

the blood royal, and with three, of the nobility. Lung-

fung, a dragon and a phoenix (divine bird of felicitous

omen), was a mark of the Scuen-to period, 1426 to H35.

FISH.

The two fish, an emblem of domestic felicity, is a

mark usually found on old blue or Nankin ware ; it is

one of the earliest known, from 969 to 1106. Cups with

handles in the form of- a red fish are of the Scucn-tc

period.

FLOWER.

Many varieties of this mark are found in blue and also

in colours. A sesamuin flower painted under the foot of

a vase, &c., is a mark of Tou-chcou, 969 to 1106.

The Che plant, a kind of fungus, used as an emblem

of longevity.

Pottery ana Porcelain.

Emblem of longevity.

(?) Bat and peach.

(?) The lotus.

Hoa, a small flower p vnted inside a cup, is a mark of the

Yung-lo period, 14-3 to 1424. It signifies pleasure in

a vicious sense.

FLY,

Or Butterfly, ia found on old" Nankin."

Oriental. '95

GRASS.

Tho "grass mark" is probably a water plant. About

A.D. 960 some such mark was used to denote ware of the

best quality.

INSCRIPTIONS.

A great variety are to be met with on old porcelain,

often in the place where the European mark is found.

Some are compliments and good wishes; others are in

praise of the articles inscribed; many are quotations from

the poets and classical authors of all ages. These last are

not exemplified.

Tsew, wine. Small white cups thus marked were used bythe Emperor Kea-tsing, 1522 to 15G6.

Keen, rectitude. Mark of an early period, said to be on

articles sent to disgraced Mandarins.

Show, long life. This is a common Oriental compliment,"May you live for ever," and occurs oftcner

than any other character. It has many variations ;

sometimes a piece of pottery or porcelain is marked

with a hundred or more j these are called" the

hundred sliow."


Varieties of Show. Longevity.

OS)

\Jy

CT3

if?

*

/*y_>_^%

\/

03

/03\

*

mva/

/s\

jj

I\/

m

ffl\/

\7

M\y

in

iiFr^

.fj

(il

flm

i

jii

m

t\/

/)If\

AIA

*

/ffiil

Oriental. 197

mII

Show, is also drawn in circular, oval and elongated forms.

In ^/tow; this form is known as the spider mark.

Happiness, divine protection, felicity.

Also written in many different ways.

ii mm m


31

DP

Luh

m

Kc'ih

Wan

Hing

(?) Ke

Paou

Ting

Shun

(

Prosperity, wealth, great pos-

sessions

A, and

found together.

Prosperous.

Felicity, good luck.

|Jade, a gem, beautiful, precious, valu-

^ able, &c., known as the F mark, being

I often indistinct, and like that letter.

/ Literature. On articles made for use of

I literarymen,therulingclass of Cliina.

Exalted, highly esteemed.

A vessel, vase, ability, capacity.

Precious, valuable.

Perfect.

Elegant.

Oriental. 199

Koo Antique.

Shing Holy.

Tsuen Complete, perfect, a name.

King Good, excellent, congratulations.

Ch'ha Name.

The five blessings : which are long life,

riches, health, the love of virtue, and

a natural death.

Precious or valuable jade.

Yuh chin Jade of great value; pearl of great price.

/ This is an example of the way marks

I are usually written.

Wan yuh Kare jade.

2OO Pottery and Porcelain.

m

Chin ivan( A precious rarity.

Choo foo

Keang Cang

Tsaou, fang

Tung gan

Yung ching

A valuable curiosity.

Veritable jade. Chin

An elegant rarity. Yew wan

Great prosperity,felicityor good fortune.

Western jade. The best)

jade comes to China > /% yuhfrom the West.

)

A pivot, and the most

polite expression for

the house of another.Palace of the centreof the universe markused 1260-1367.

Ginger preserved in syrup.

Inexpressibly precious. PaoushingA fruit (colled dates, byEuropeans) in syrup

Choiv Chow. Bothmarks of the Kea-

tsing period, 1 522-66.

The arrival of friends. Yew lae

Name imp on old ware.

Red olive cinnamon. "1

The Tcwei is a me- I

taphor for

honours.

Name p blue on old ware.

literary f

Tan Jcwei

Oriental. 201

Trr . , , . f Made to multiply (or increase the stockWei foo china \

L J vI of) veined jasper.

"HALL" MARKS.There has been some uncertainty as to the exact

meaning of the word tang, but Mr. Franks has ascer-

tained that it means the name of the establishment at

which the specimens so marked were made.

Jin ho kwan Hall of brotherhood and peace.

Lull e tang Waving bamboo hall.

/ Hall for the honourable reception of

tang ) those who have gone before.

I Hall of ancestors.

Made at the Hall of rare jade.

Made at the Hall of brilliant colours.

Kheytih

tang die

Tsae jun

tang che

2O2 Pottery and Porcelain.

t*

9

CVmw/ tih \

|"

tang die }

Made at the Hall of virtuous research.

Made at the Hall of f*

advantage.

ll Ulade at the Hall 01

\ e f the jewelled girdle.

Made at the Hall off1'***"*

abundant jade.(^ tang die

Tze tze \ Madc ftt the Hall of the

tang die Jviolet embroidery.

Made at the Hallofj

Ta sh

the great tree.( tang die

King v-ei } Made at the Hall of wor-

tang dieJ

sniP ant^ veneration.

Made at the encourage- j

Yan9 ho

inentof harmony Hall.\ tang die

Ming \

Full

Yue

Tang

Tlie illustrious Fo's (or Buddha) hall of au-

dience or prayer.

Oriental. 203

flfe

&,FfiU

.^.

^

kca ke

Shin till

tang che

Beautiful vase (or excellent vessel) of the

jade hall the Academy.

Made at the Hall of the cultiva-

tion of virtue.

Antique made at^

sJiin till tangR

the Shin lih \

Hall. J & boo che

Tseushunmei )

f Made at the Hall of beautiful jade.

yuh tang che )

King tSen tang C Imitation of antiques made at the KingMen Hall, named after a distinguished

fang koo che( ^^

Fuh kwci

chang chun

Teen kican

tsze fall

Wealth, honours, and a long spring time,

or lasting youth.

Wealth, honours,F*h ku'

ci

and long life,jcjMng ming

May heaven confer happiness.


wan

J/L*

jou

Ching yew

ya tsc'ih

Pokoo

chin wan

Wan yuh

paou ting

Wan shang

Shan tow

Mei yuh

ya che

Nan chuen

kin yuh

Wonderful precious stone, resemblinga jewel.

A gem rare as jade.

The elegant collections of the HolyFriends.

For the learned in antiquities, a valu-

able curiosity.

Elegant, perfect and precious ting, or

metal vase used for burning joss

stick or incense.

Scholarship lofty as the Hills and the

Great Bear.' Compliment comparing

the recipient to the mountain Tae Shan

and the north pole or star, Pih tow.

Made for the connoisseur of beautiful

jade.

The elegant jade of Nan chuen.

Oriental. 205

>/l\ t/ffl

2O6 Pottery and Porcelain.

&J6

Yung cliing

yu die }Made for the service of Yung ching.

Leen cliing \

)khe how

Jo shin

(?) Name.

Deep like a treasury

chintsangfof ems "

This mark is of frequent occurrence, but is usually

very indistinct.

Keih tscang

JOU C }As fortunate as you can desire.

Khe she paou \ ,

\A gem among precious vessels of rare

tiny che chin }stone '

Oriental. 207

1 A gem among precious vessels of rare

ting die chin JJ acle'

Chungyeumei^ For thfl possessor of a true and faitllful

?w/& iia -he I

neart this elegant gem was made.

Showpc nan shan, Long life as south mountain.

Fou jou tung hai, Happiness similar east sea.

Nan-shan is a mountain in Fong-lfiesang-foii. The in-

scription may be read, May you live to be as old as

the hills, and your happiness be as great as the sea

is wide.

LEAF.

The leaf mark is very common on pieces of every period ;

probably a leaf of the artemisia, an emblem of good

augury.


I

Oriental. 209

RABBIT,

or Hare, sacred to the moon, found on old Nankin ware,

an emblem of longevity.

SACRED AXE,

so called, it is probably the symbol Fuh embroidered on

the Emperor's sacrificial robes ; perhaps an equi-

valent for Full, Happiness.

SHELL,

a Buddhist emblem, A shell was lent by the Government

to the ambassadors to Loochoo, to ensure them a

prosperous voyage.

SQUARE.

Faon. Precious, valuable.


Kwo, National or Governmental.

Te shan, name.

Shan yiih or Shan wang, name.

On old ware, dragon pattern.

I

Found on old Nankin ware;imitated by factories of

Europe.

Maker or decorator's mark. Called House marks by the

Chinese.

Le Chih, name.

Oriental. 211

Chung-kith she The Chung-kuh family.

Fou kwci \ Beautiful vase for the wealthy and

kea Ice or '> noble;

or wealth, honours, and a

wong Jcej

vast intellect or rapacity.

Ling Chang

tsee tsaou

Chin chow

she ts-uen

Jo shin

chin tsang

Heae chuh

choo jin tsam

Tsun Chin

Made by Ling Chang-tsee.

Valuable (vase) to explain the future.

Deep like a treasury of gems.

Made by (or for) the lord of the Heac

bamboos. Heae is the name of the

place where Ling Lun, minister of

the fabulous Emperor Hwang Ti, cut

bamboos to form musical instruments.

Name.


Examples of marks on Canton ware, of recent date

possibly to represent the Imperial' '

Seal."

SYMBOLICAL ORNAMENTS.12345 6

Pa-paou. The eight precious things.

1. Pearl or "tide jewel." 2. Probably a coin as an emblem of riches

3. Probably one of the dual symbol (?) the female. 4. Variant of last 01

male of dual symbol. 5. King, emblem of happiness or luck. 6. Pro

bably books. 7. Rhinoceros horns. 8. Leaf of artemisia, emblem ol

good augury.

Oriental. 213

Pa die siang. The eight lucky emblems of the Buddhists.

1. Chung, a bell. 2. Lo, a chank shell. 3. San, State umbrella.

14 Kae, a canopy. 5. Hwa, the lotus, this is always without fillets.

6. ,a vase with cover. 7. Yu, two fishes uuited by fillets, may

signify domestic felicity. 8. Chang, an emblem of longevity. These

emblems are found as marks, and are also used in decoration.

Wan-tsc, Ten thousand things, everything, all creation.

The "swastika" or fylfot ;cross of Buddha.

King, an emblem of good fortune.

This is also intended to give forth a sound when struck ;

it is used as a tuning fork ;it has been mistaken for

a Masonic emblem.

Gourd, an emblem of longevity, inscribed Full, happi-

ness, in "Grass" character.

Joo-c, or sceptre of longevity, and musical instruments.


Peach and bat, the peach is an emblem of longevity and

the bat of happiness, here they symbolise the phrase

Fuh slwiv shwany chucn, a two-fold perpetuation of

happiness and longevity.

Pi, a pencil, ting, a cake of ink, joo-e, a sceptre of

longevity symbolizing the phrase, Pi ting joo c.

May things be fixed as you desire.

Paou. Precious things. Pencil and roll of paper.

TABLE.

Many varieties of this mark are found on old Nankin

ware. It was imitated by Delft, Dresden, Worcester,

and other factories of Europe. Mr. Franks is of opinionthat it is a four-legged vase with a high ear on each side.

Probably a wedding cup.

Oriental. 1 1 5

These figures occur so often on old ware, especially that

intended for sacrificial use, that a few words may be given

to explain their purport.

The unbroken line Yang, represents the masculine or

perfection ; the divided line Yin, the feminine or imper-

fection. The group of four is called the Eze-seang or

four similitudes ;the eight are the Pa-qua or eight sym-

bols of Foh-he. The circle was added by Choiv, a member

of the Sung dynasty, who analysed and explained them.

The circle represents the original principle, the waved

line dividing it makes the dual power or the active and

passive principles of creation, it is called the Tae-Tceih,

this when in action, produced a male power, when at rest

a female power. From these were generated four visible

forms which represent in the innumerable combinations

of the eight symbols, the changes and transmutations

that take place in nature and in the affairs of the world.

2 1 6 Pottery and Porcelain.

JAPAN.

THE manufacture of pottery is said to date from B.C. 660. A factory

was established by Corean potters A.D. 200. The first good glazed

pottery was made at Seto about 1230, by Toshiro, who had learnt the

art in China. Porcelain is said to have been first made by Gorodaytt

Shonsui, who also studied in China, and on his return in 1513 settled in

Hizen.

The great centre of the Japanese manufacture is in the province of

Ilizcn, where twenty-five villages are congregated on a mountain which

affords a plentiful supply of material for their work. Other districts

have, however, their peculiar wares, some of which are undoubtedly of

great antiquity.

The marks used in Japan are usually the name of the factory or of

the maker or decorator ; sometimes all are given.

DATES

are marked in the same fashion as the Chinese, sometimas the year of the

period is written :

1580 -u -ju. '_ Y 1653

As a rule it may be assumed that when an article is marked Dai

Nipon it is a modern production. Chinese periods are to be found on

work made after Chinese patterns.

Oriental. 217


lH IE

1*1'13

w

Kwam-bun

Oriental. 219

tB^.

Asahi, Uji, established 1644-47.

Asa-hi, Morning light, so named from

colour of the ware ... ... imp

Min-pci.

Avvaji, established about 1840 by Ka-sliiu Min-pci.

Nipon

(Made by) Kashiu Sanpei in

Awaji, Japan.Ka-shiu

San-pci

AWATA.

Awata, see Kioto.

Banko Kichibei, established by, 1652-60 at Koume-mu-

ra, near Tokio, known as Yedo Banko, now closed, impIse Banko.

Nipon Bartlo.

Shiba-ta \ Made by Shibata Banko,

tsukuru J Japan

DanTco.

... imp

Articles known as Banko ware arc now made at

Kmvana, Yokka-ichi, and neighbourhood.


Nipon

Yiu sctsu

Shi-gen, name

imp

F* mfe t?o

i

\Noteasy ...

Nai yasui JDifficult.

Banko, The eminent of flowers ... inc

Go-so, name ... ... ... imp

Bizen, supposed date, B.C. 97-30.

At Imbe-mura a kiln has been worked since 1390.

llo-kci sci, Made by Rokei, modern mark.

Fujina, commonly called Idsumo ware.

Fujina, Matsuye.

Un-yei, name.

Oriental. 221

Hirato, Mikawaji, Hizen, established 1655-57.

The ware was made for the use of a prince of the

Matsu-ura family, not for sale.

Ilirato, Mikawaji,

Hirato Shi-aye tsukuru, Shiaye maker.

Mikawaji.

Mori Cliikara tsUkuru.

Hirato.

tome yaJcu, The honourable close of burning.

The prince closed the factory ;the article so marked

may have been the last fired.

Hizen. A large number of kilns have been worked in

this province, but only those so marked are named here.

Ilezen Arita Ka-mi. Arita is an important town where

many noted kilns are situated. Kami, name.

Nisid Hczcn Arita yama, West Hezen.

Nan-di sci, Made by Nandi.


f * v^

%

;n

Shin-po tsuknrn, Made by Shinpo.

Reki-san tsukuru, Made by Rekisan.

Hizen.

Sara yama.

Fuka-gawa (sci omitted), Made by ( Yeizayemon} Fuka-

gawa at Arita.

Fukami (Suminosukt}.

Fukami, Arita;also

C_j_Fuka with Hczen and Great

Japan.^~

Eishu Arita.

Ten-tai tsukuru, Made by Tentai.

Oriental. 223

Z6-shun tci.

Sam-po sci, Made by Sampo at the Zoshun

(inclosure of Spring) Hall.**JEW

/MflE

Z6-shun tci.

Sai-chi tsukuru, Made by Saichi.

Arita ware is also known as Imari.

Nichi Hizen.

FuJca-gcvwa sci, Made by Fukagawa of

Nichi Hizen. On Okawaji ware.

Imado, Tokio. Origin unknown

Go'Saburo, name.

mp

Kaga or Kutani ware, established about 17th century.

Kutani, The nine valleys ... ... p red

Kutani .. p gold


..*'& H

~Fa/

ti/

Kutani tsukuTUtM.atle at Kutani

Kaija

Kutani

Kaga Kutani

, , tsukuTU

Dai Nipon, Great Japan.

Kutani sei, Made at Kutani

Kutani Bokuzan, name

Kutani, in centre the name To

decorator

Dai Nipon.

To zan no in, Seal of Tozan ...

red

Kaga

... p red

, . . p black

Mack

... p blue

a

... p red

Oriental. 225

To-zan

Kiyo-zan, name

Pon-zan ,,

Diwo-zo

To-wo

Kutani sei, Made at Kutani.

Kaga, Na-Tcen. Kaga Long house

Dai Nipon Kutani, omitted.

UcTii-umi kichi-zo, name

pred

imp

p red

p black


Fw-zcwi, name, Yuzan Hall, KutanL

, happiness

Roku, riches Are often found on Kaga ware.

Ju, long life /

Kioto. A potter entitled Nin-sei, 1644-51, erected

kilns in various places ; amongst them were those still

working at Awata, Kinkozan, and Kiomidzu.

Nin-sei, Mark of Nonomura Ninsei about 1650 imp

Awata ware.

Nipon Kioto, Japan, Kioto.

Kin ko zan tsukuru, Made by Sobei Kinkozan p gold

Kin ko zan .. . . imp

Oriental. 227

Ichi-gaya.

Tan-zan, Mark of Seikai Tanzan

Tanzan ...

imp

... p black

Iiva-kura-zan, Mark of I. Kichibeye ... imp

Ho zan, name


mA

04

Ken-zant Mark of Ogata Shinsho, about

1730... ... ... ... p brown

Kiomidzu ware.

Sei lean ji, Name of village whence came

the maker.

Ddhctchi, name imp

(Takahashi D.) ... ... inc

Kan-zan, name, K. Denshichi...

Sei-fu, name ... ... p

With "Great Japan," "maker," etc.

Ki-tei, name, Wake Kitei.

Oriental. 229

Kishiu ware. Wakayama, an old-established kiln ;

wares greatly improved in 1827.

Kai-raku } ,.. , ,, ,f Made at the garden of

yen-sai }mingled enjoyment ... imp

Shu-ka Do, Early flower Hall.

Yeiraku ware, made at an old establishment by the

Zengoro family. Riyozen (the 10th generation) was the

first to make porcelain. The Prince of Kii honoured him

with the title Yeiraku, and presented him with the

seals used as marks.

^ The branch factory of the river. Seal

used by Yeiraku Riyozen about 1810.

Yci-raku, Perpetual enjoyment.

Dai Nipon.

Yca-raJcu tsukivru.

Makuzu, near Kioto.

Fu-ji yo, Made at the Fuji kiln of Makuzu.

Ma-kuzu tsukuru.


Makuzuyo ... ... ... p blue

Ko-zan tsukuru, Made by Kozan at the Makuzu kiln.

Minato ware, near Saki, Idsumi. Of great antiquity,

it is believed that Giyeji, the inventor of the potter's

wheel, was the first to work here.

Minato yaki, Minato ware ... ... imp

Mino ware. Worked in 17th century. Porcelain first

made in 1810.

Nipon Mi

Kaito

i\Made by

vince of

the pro.

Raku ware, used in the tea ceremonies. Introduced

by a Corean named Ameya, 1658-69. He settled at

Kioto, and worked with clay found at Juraku. Taiko

Hideyoshi honoured the son of Ameya, Chojiro, with a

seal engraved RaTcu, enjoyment, since which it is called

Raku yaki, and marked with a seal so inscribed.

Sen-raku "\ Made at the Senraku garden. Seal

> used by Chojiro Kichizayemon of

yen sei ) the llth generation.

Oriental. 231

6hi Raku, Ohi-machi, Kaga. Founded 1680 byChozayemon.

OM, seal used by the fourth C.

Osaka Raku, made by Kikko, 187-.

Kitzu-ko or Kikko.

Tokio Raku, made by Kozawa Benshi, who is still

working.

Ni-pon, To-kio\

MoRaku-ho JJaPan

Sado ware. Made of a material found in the mines ;

the ware is scarce, and in Japan is valued both as a

curiosity and as having some medicinal quality. Small

portions are broken off, crushed in the mouth and

swallowed for no special disorder, but simply as a good

thing to take.

Sado kin gin zan wo moltci mu-mci di kore wo tzukuru.

Made of an unnamed material found in the gold

and silver mines of Sado.


Sho ju

sen nenMay you live 1000 years.

Jo-zan, name.

All written on the soft clay with a point.

Satsuma, established 1467-86. The Prince brought

potters from Corea about 1592, when the well-known

ware was first made. No mark is found on old ware.

Satsu-ma.

Naka-jima (sei), Made by N. ... ... p gold 187-

Seto, Owari, of great antiquity ;date unknown.

Dai Ni-pon.

Se-to sei, Made at Seto, Great Japan.

Nipon, Seto. Japan, Seto.

Kawa moto, Masu-kichi tsuTcuru, Made by M. Kawamoto.

Oriental. 2 33

LU.

Dai Hi-pon, Great Japan ... ... p blue

Han-mTci sei, Made by Hansuke Kawamoto.

Nipon, Seto.

(?)

Sei-getsa, name of a celebrated painter of porcelain.

Ai-wo, name.

Sin-nan fude, name of decorator.


U4

I

i*

i

Yama-moto Sho-tan, Name of a celebrated painter of

porcelain.

Seto-Suke, Yokkaichi, established 1764-80.

Se-to-sukt, Name of factory.

Shiba.

Resident of SMba in ToJcei.

Sei-un-tei, Factory.

Hikomaro, name ... ... ... p black

Soma ware, Naga-mura. It is a popular belief in

Japan that this is the oldest ware made there, and the

possessors of specimens prize them highly. The running

horse with which they are decorated probably dates

from 1670.

So ma, name imp

Oriental. 235

riga, name

Tokio.

Dai Ni-pon.

Dio-to sei, Maker's name

Kanc-shige

name

Tokio.

Matsu-moto

Name

imp

.. p blue

.. p red

yashi-nobo )

Both marks on one piece.

Dio-to, Maker.

Toyo-ura ware, Nagato, established 1716-35.

Toyo-ura yama, Name of factory ... imp

Tozan ware, Himeji.

Hime-ji sei, Made at Himeji.


FLOWER.

Many varieties of this mark occur on porcelain both

old and of recent date.

LEAF.

And other varieties are often found on porcelain.

INSCRIPTIONSOf a similar character to the Chinese are found on all

kinds of ware.

Dzou, long life.

So-wo, name

Kami sci, Kami, maker

RaTcu-masa tsukuru

,, maker.

Huji-nori, name ...

... hp imp

... pblue

... pred

,, pblue

Oriental. 237

A P


To giyoku yen

Gosuki sei

Made by Gosuki at the jade n*. rr

pottery house, h p p blue / * ~*

WRThe Chinese dates Seuen-tih and Ching-hica

are often found on Hezen ware decorated

with old Nankin patterns.

Made in the Gen-ki years 1570-73.

The work of Kameyama.

_

Made by Giyokusei at Returning

Spring House.

Kame yama

Zo no

Fuku-sJiun ken

GiyoTcu-sd sei

Oriental. 239

Ki-to Teen

Hoku-han sei

Made by Hokuhan at the Curious

Pottery House.

SQUARE.

Called House Marks.

Haict, name of a factory ... ... hp p red

)mountain middle, name ,, p blue

Yeh-san or

Itsi-yama j

Ka, felicity.

Goa, strong, name

one mountain, name ..


IIPM

All on blue decorated ware called Hezen ; marks such

as these are found in great variety, they often differ

in a set of cups and saucers that are evidently from the

same hand.

Eoku, wealth.

Aoi, blue.

This appears to be "happiness."

So-wo, name.

Fuku, happiness.

VASE.

This curious mark is impressed and coloured ;it re-

presents a sacred vessel used in sacrificing and is in-

scribed with the characters Fuku, happiness, and ju,

longevity.

^3259 4

o

BINDING SECT. JUN j 5

NK Hooper, William Harcourt

215 A manual of marks onH6 pottery and porcelain

PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE

CARDS OR SLIPS FROM THIS POCKET

UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY

a manual of marks on pottery and porcelain; a dictionary

Documents