A New National Identity• At the end of the War of 1812, America has a

tremendous sense of nationalism (pride and ownership in one’s country

• America has a new global respect

• Again think about a 2nd war for independence and Thomas Paine’s “Common Sense”

What should You Know?

1. What name is given to the period of peace and prosperity that followed the War of 1812?

2. Which agreement resolved fishing and naval rights on the Great Lakes?

3. Which agreement established the 49th parallel as the western border between Canada and the U.S.?

4. What was the treaty with Spain in which the US took control of Florida Territory?

5. What was Monroe’s warning to European powers?

Era of Good FeelingsAfter the War of 1812, America entered

a time of sustained peace, prosperity, and national pride. This time was known as the Era of Good Feelings.

James Monroe, Republican, was elected President in 1816 and again in 1820. By 1820, Federalists have lost all power and do not even run a candidate for President.

James Monroe

1816Electoral

Candidate Party VotesJames Monroe Rep 183Rufus King Fed 34

1820

Electoral Candidate PartyVotes

James Monroe Rep 231John Quincy Adams Rep 1

North America in 1818

Louisiana Territory

Land Disputes

Era of Good FeelingsInternational Relations -

James Monroe faced several border disputes during his administration.

Through diplomacy, peaceful (mostly) solutions were reached in each of these disagreements. John Quincy Adams (Sec. of State)Rush-Bagot Agreement 1817 – control of the Great

LakesConvention of 1818 – shared control of Oregon

CountryAdams-Onis Treaty 1819 – U.S. Gained Florida from

Spain, gave up claim to Texas land

Who controls the Great Lakes?

• Britain and U.S. wanted to control the lakes and have fishing rights.

• In 1817, the Rush-Bagot Agreement limited the number of navy ships on each lake.

• Dispute resolved.

Secretary of State Richard Rush

Rush-Bagot Agreement -1817

Disputes in the Northwest

• Britain and the U.S. both claimed parts of the Oregon Country.

• They also disagreed about where the border should be between Canada and the U.S. in the Louisiana Territory.

• The Convention of 1818 brought a peaceful solution to both issues:– The nations would share the claim to the Oregon

Country.– The border between Canada and the U.S. was

established at the 49th parallel.– U.S. gained fishing rights off of Newfoundland

Convention of 1818

Spanish Florida• American settlers wanted to move into Florida, which

was owned by Spain.– Seminole Indians from Florida raided settlements

then retreated into Florida– Runaway slaves were also protected by the

Seminoles, which angered settlers in the U.S.• Along comes Andrew Jackson…

Jackson’s Invasion

• President Monroe sent Jackson to secure the border between Florida and the U.S.

• Without approval from Monroe, Jackson decided to take his troops into Spanish Territory.– This is a clear invasion

of Spanish land

• Jackson fights Seminole Indians and Spanish troops that try to stop his invasion.– He takes over military

forts and overthrows the Spanish governor of Florida. He does this WITHOUT THE PERMISSION OF THE GOVERNMENT

• Britain and Spain are shocked and angry – but the American public loves it.

Keep an eye on Jackson. The people think he’s great. ANDREW JACKSON fails to see limits on his power and authority.

Adams-Onis Treaty - 1819

• Losing power in the world, Spain realized that it would have a hard time holding on to Florida.– agreed to give Florida to the

U.S. in exchange for the assumption of $5 million in claims against Spain.

• The U.S. agreed to give up its claims of land along the border of Spanish Texas.

• Compromise on western boundary for Louisiana (statehood in 1812)

Louis de Onis

Adams-Onis Treaty - 1819

The Monroe Doctrine• President Monroe worried that other European

powers might try to take control of the new Latin American countries.

• He sent a warning to all European countries.– Foreign powers should not create new colonies in the

Americas nor interfere with Latin American countries.– Any such action would be seen as a hostile act.

• This became known as the Monroe Doctrine.

The Monroe Doctrine