A Presentation for a proposal for B.E. Project 2014-2015

Identification of Need of Public

Transportation System in Mahesana

Group No. :- 8

Patel Sanket B. Patel Vikram V.

Patel Kishan M. Patel Akshay K.

Guided By :-

Prof. Vineet Jain

Co-Guided By :-

Prof. H.V. Patel

Introduction

◦ Problem Identification

◦ Public Transportation System (PTS) ?

◦Need of the Study

◦Objective and Scope of the Study

Literature Review Proposed Methodology

Reference

Most of the cities are overburdened by highly

population growth, high private vehicle growth,

inadequate transport and facilities.

Increasing number of private vehicles causes number

of transportation problems like:

◦ Congestion

◦ Pollution problems

◦ Parking problems

◦ Road Accidents

India is essential a rural-oriented country. Even then, the urban population has been

growing at a fast rate, as can be seen from table.

Year Total population

(million)

Urban population

(million)

% of urban

population

1901 233 26 11.00

1911 246 26 10.44

1921 244 28 11.34

1931 270 33 12.18

1941 309 44 14.10

1951 350 62 17.62

1961 425 78 18.26

1971 529 107 20.22

1981 685 159 23.30

1991 846 218 25.70

2001 1020 285 27.78

Source: http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-provresults/ paper2/data_files/india/Rural_Urban_2011.pdf

For a given road, the larger the traffic volume, the

greater the chances of one vehicle delaying the other

and greater is the congestion.

Various costs are affected due to congestion are:

◦ Delay to people

◦ Higher operation cost of vehicles

◦ Maintenance cost

On an average, while the population in India’s six major metropolises increased 1.89

times during 1981 to 2001, the number of registered vehicles went up 7.75 times during

the same period as shown in figure

Source: Motor Transport Growth of India, 1999, 2002-2003 Ministry of shipping road and highways, Government of India

Total number of Road Accidents, Person Killed & Person

Injured during 2002-2012

Source: - Road Accidents in India (IRC- 2013)

Land use and city planning control to be initiated.

Transportation studies to be carried out and plans for

new roads and reorganization of the existing network to

be formulated.

Promotion of public transport to be pursued.

Pedestrianization in congested city centres to be

through of.

Public transport means a system of vehicles such as buses and trains which operate at regular times on fixed routes, used by the public.

Public transportation is a shared passenger transport service which is available for use by the general public, as distinct from modes such as taxicab, car pooling.

Public transport modes include buses, trolleybuses, trams and trains, rapid transit. Public transport between cities is dominated by airlines, coaches, and intercity rail. High-speed rail networks are being developed in many parts of the world.

Most public transport runs to a scheduled timetable

with the most frequent services running to a

mainway.

Public transport services can be profit-driven by use

of pay-by-the-distance travel or funded by

government subsidies in which flat rate are charged

to each passenger.

Public transport has great significance in reducing

traffic congestion, offering alternative means of

travel, contributing highly quality of urban life.

In India, the percentage of trip performed by public

transport is already high as seen table.

City Average number of

passengers carried by

mass transport

(million)

Percentage of trip by

public transport to

total number of trips

by all modes

1. Bombay 4.42 78

2. Calcutta 3.02 80

3. Madras 1.28 68

4. Delhi 1.03 41

Ahmedabad BRTS

Public transportation allows for private vehicle to be

reduced from the road: reducing traffic congestion.

This lowers gas emissions: reducing pollution.

Offering alternative means of travel.

Contributing highly quality of urban life.

Lower fuel consumption

Private vehicle Parking problem get solved

especially in CBD Areas.

Creates employment

Need of study

A summary of the need of the study is presented in figure given below.

• To identify the existing transportation problems in the city.

• To reduce the problems arise in cities like: rapidly traffic growth, high

pollution, increasing road accident and inadequate parking.

• To provide easy, cheap and comfortable travel to user in city.

Identification of deficiencies in existing

transportation system.

Identification of need of public transportation

system: A case study of ‘Mehsana city’

Division of study area in to different zones.

Development of trip generation model.

Public Transportation planning for mehsana

city.

Identification of need of public transportation

system :A case study of ‘MEHSANA city’.

◦ Division of study area in to different zones

◦ Development of trip generation model.

◦ Identification of number of trips and the purpose of

the respective trip.

Developing Bus Rapid Transit System In India

Quantification of Level-of-Service Index for Bus Routes in Developing Countries: A Case Study in India

Deficiencies of Existing Road Network in Dhaka Metropolitan City

Estimation of Public Transport Demand in Million Plus Indian Cities based on Travel Behaviour

Urban Transport in India: Issues, Challenges, and the Way Forward

Comparison of Level of Public Transport Service of Different Ownership By Numerical Rating And Fuzzy Set Approaches

A rational Approach for evaluation of Quality of Public Transportation routs: Case study of Bhopal

Ar Anuj Jaiswal, Dr. Ashutosh Sharma, “Optimization of Public Transport Demand: A Case Study of Bhopal

Ar Anuj Jaiswal, Dr. Ashutosh Sharma “Optimization of Public Transport Demand: A Case Study of Bhopal”

Literature Review

MADHURI JAIN, “DEVELOPING BUS RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM IN INDIA” Urban transport is a nightmare in India though most urban residents take it as a fait accompli. Indian cities, of all sizes, face a crisis of urban transport. Despite investments in road infrastructure, and plans for land use and transport development, all cities face the ever increasing problems of congestion, traffic accidents, air, and noise pollution. Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) is growing in popularity throughout the world. The reasons is its passenger and developer attractiveness, its high performance and quality, and its ability to be built quickly, incrementally, and economically. BRT also provides sufficient transport capacity to meet demands even in the largest metropolitan regions. This paper summarizes key trends transport system and travel behavior of India, and the issues to be considered for the development of BRTS to mitigate Indian transportation crisis.

Literature Review

Shali ARKATKAR, Ajit Pratap SINGH , Ashoke Kumar SARKAR ni KANUGANTI , Umashankar SUBRAMANIAN , Shriniwas Shrikant “Quantification of Level-of-Service Index for Bus Routes in Developing Countries: A Case Study in India” Quality plays an important role in the market-oriented economy and the success of any transit system depends upon its quality of service. Since, the demand for transit is quite high in comparison with the supply in most of the Indian cities; quite often the level of service is not given a priority by the service providers. However, to improve the quality of service, it is necessary to identify the parameters to be considered important by the commuters for knowing their satisfaction levels for the present service. This paper is focused on the results based on the observations made through reveled preference (RP) survey to evaluate the quality of service. The model uses various Multi criteria decision making tools such as Numerical rating approach, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and AHP Fuzzy. The results from different approaches are compared and justified for their appropriate use.

Literature Review

S.M. Sohel Mahmud and Md. Shamsul Haque “Deficiencies of Existing Road Network in Dhaka Metropolitan City”

IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-ISSN: 2278-1684 Volume 5, Issue 5 (Mar. - Apr. 2013), PP 42-53 Dhaka is one of the fast growing metropolitan cities with a highly dense and increasing population in the world. Haphazard urban expansion with a minimum attention to the living environment has been the most common scenario here and existing transportation system has become hazardous for the entire city system due to its inherent transport as well as road network deficiencies. Although, the city mainly depends on road-based transportation system. Only 9 percent of roadways and 6 percent of pavement area is available, in which 62 km functional primary and 108 km secondary and 221 km connector road serve the city transport service. It is evaluated that bus service plays the dominant role in providing public transport facilities (58 % passenger by only 8% trip) but lack of proper land use and transport planning, uncontrolled development and due to post planning approach, about half of the area do not have the bus service facilities. In this study, the authors tried to quantify the existing road network with various dimensions viz. length, percent of road and pavement area, categories with different functions and width, density, accessibility, per capita road network etc. for the whole city and for different zones using statistical methods. This study also points out the inherent weaknesses of Dhaka’s road network in particular relation to road quantity, road orientation or layout, functionality and operational and management aspects.

Ar. Anuj Jaiswal, Ashutosh Sharma, Jigyasa Bisaria: (2010)

“Estimation of Public Transport Demand in Million Plus Indian Cities

based on Travel Behavior” The rapid growth in vehicles population

has put enormous strains in all urban roads in Indian cities with

population between 1 to 2 million. The major factors influencing

public transport ridership are poor service quality and more

traveling time. The paper presents a quantitative model and

identified the factors that affect the public transport ridership. A

weighed regression model using data of public preferences in

travel time, travel cost, and other quality related parameters is

build and probability of two wheeler users switching over to

public transport is estimated. With this model, the expected

increase in public transport ridership for Bhopal and similar

Indian cities can be approximated.

Sanjay Kumar Singh, “Urban Transport in India: Issues, Challenges, and the Way

Forward”Cities and towns play a vital role in promoting economic growth and

prosperity. Although less than one-third of India’s people live in cities and towns, these

areas generate over two-third of the country’s income and account for 90% of

government revenues. In the coming years, as India becomes more and more urbanized,

urban areas will play a critical role in sustaining high rates of economic growth. But,

economic growth momentum can be sustained if and only if cities function efficiently -

that their resources are used to maximize the cities’ contribution to national income.

City efficiency largely depends upon the effectiveness of its transport systems, that is,

efficacy with which people and goods are moved throughout the city. Poor transport

systems stifle economic growth and development, and the net effect may be a loss of

competitiveness in both domestic as well as international markets. Although Indian

cities have lower vehicle ownership rate, number of vehicles per capita, than their

counterparts in developed countries, they suffer from worse congestion, delay,

pollution, and accidents than cities in the industrialized world. This paper provides an

overview of urban transport issues and challenges in India. Rather than covering every

aspect of urban transportation, it primarily focuses on those areas that are important

from policy point of view. The paper first reviews the trends of vehicular growth and

availability of transport infrastructure in Indian cities.

DR. R. MURUGESAN* & PROF. N.V. RAMA MOORTHY**, “Comparison of Level of Public Transport Service of Different Ownership By Numerical Rating And Fuzzy Set Approaches” described the results of a questionnaire survey through psychometric analysis from the commuters on the quality of services and their relative weights, of the attributes that determine the service levels of public transport owned by state and private agencies. The model uses the theory of fuzzy sets to process the information obtained. A composite index, called level-of-public transport-service (LOPTS) is defined and used to measure the service qualities. Fuzzy set approach is presented with guidelines for rating most of the quality of services, weights among them, fuzzy-set representations of the linguistic grades and fuzzy mathematics, definition of LOPTS and its use in a public transport quality data base. This approach is compared with numerical rating approach with single number representation, which helps to identify the deficiencies in different aspects of quality for a particular category of public transport service among the different ownerships. These approaches have shown their potential application to public transport operators for assessing LOPTS.

Ar Anuj Jaiswal, Dr. Ashutosh Sharma, “Optimization of Public Transport Demand: A Case Study of Bhopal Rapid growth in vehicles population has put enormous strains in all urban roads in all million plus cities in India, due to high vehicle ownership and poor supporting public transport facilities specially in the cities where the population is between 1 to 2 million. The major factor is very low ridership in public transport due to poor service quality and more traveling time. This study is concerned of assessment of public transport demand for Bhopal and identifies the major factors for poor ridership with estimation of the probable shift of personal vehicle users to bus due to the increase in its level of service also identifies ways to account for qualitative factors in the public transport project evaluation by adjusting travel time values to reflect comfort and convenience. This can help to find innovative solutions to the current problems such as increasing traffic congestion, energy-consumption etc. and can increase the efficiencies as well as support for alternative modes of public transport, making them more acceptable by the people & achieving their equity objectives and increased economic efficiency both also a new approach is required to estimate the actual public transport demand so that most feasible and suitable system can be selected to optimize the public transport demand.

Ar Anuj Jaiswal, Dr. Ashutosh Sharma “Optimization of Public Transport Demand: A Case Study of Bhopal” Rapid growth in vehicles population has put enormous strains in all urban roads in all million plus cities in India, due to high vehicle ownership and poor supporting public transport facilities specially in the cities where the population is between 1 to 2 million. The major factor is very low ridership in public transport due to poor service quality and more traveling time. This study is concerned of assessment of public transport demand for Bhopal and identifies the major factors for poor ridership with estimation of the probable shift of personal vehicle users to bus due to the increase in its level of service also identifies ways to account for qualitative factors in the public transport project evaluation by adjusting travel time values to reflect comfort and convenience. This can help to find innovative solutions to the current problems such as increasing traffic congestion, energy-consumption etc. and can increase the efficiencies as well as support for alternative modes of public transport, making them more acceptable by the people & achieving their equity objectives and increased economic efficiency both also a new approach is required to estimate the actual public transport demand so that most feasible and suitable system can be selected to optimise the public transport demand.

Ralph Gur Montview, Chandra S. Putcha, Ramakrishna R. Tadi “Optimal Integrated planning of a Public Transit System”

This paper is a study of the public transit systems. It includes an analysis of various regional transportation modes and arrives at optimal number of commuters patterns. The main focus is on the study of public transit systems issues in a medium size metropolitan environment. The thrust of this paper however is the establishment of criteria for public transportation needs of today and for the foreseeable future. While the final routes arrived are optimal, instead of using traditional optimization tools, an innovative approach in planning and organizing commuter travel using surveys is explained first and then the concept of TRUNK-BRANCH in public transit usage is presented in detail using a hypothetical example. Multi-modal approach is presented as possible solution to public transit. This paper delineates an approach in planning a public transit system that can be introduced in a small to medium scale environment. Attempts are made to address issues in public transportation in urban areas of any magnitude, from an average town, county partial system, to the „one-line‟ origin-destination system.

Vikas Ravel, Vineet Jain,(2014), “ A rational Approach for evaluation of Quality of Public Transportation routs: Case study of Bhopal”, International journal of advance Engineering & Resrch Development In most of the Indian cities there is a dawdle between increasing public transport service demand and supply, results in an increase of travel cost, waiting time at bus stop, traffic congestion and pollution, thereby creating economic loss and environmental degradation. Thus, it is necessary to develop a methodology to evaluate the quality of service of public transport routes and services in a city to know how well it is providing transport service to public in the area and provides worthful information based on which important decisions can be taken for implementing new public transport service. This study presents a rational approach for evaluating the quality of service of public transport routes in a city. This study describes a hierarchical structure for identification of performance indicators, relative weight of identified performance indicators for which the passenger survey was conducted at different bus station in Bhopal city. It is expected that this study will be useful to evaluate the quality of public transport routes in Indian cities.

Data is collected by the various methods like: Origin and Destination survey(O & D survey)

- Home interview method

- Licence plate method

- Return post card method

- Road side interview method

- Tag on car method

Traffic surveys – Mid block counts

Screen line survey

Commercial vehicles method

Taxi surveys

Public transport surveys

Parking surveys

Pedestrian survey

In this method a random sampal of 0.5 to 10%of the

population is selected and the residences are visited by

person who collect the travel data from each member of

the houshold.

The information regarding the trips made by members

is obtained on the spot.

The data collected maybe useful either for planning the

road network and other roadway facilities or planning

the mass transportation requirement of the passengers.

Travel Pattern –include numeber of trips made

1. Origin

2. Destination

3. Mode

4. Time of departure from origin

5. Time of arrival of destination

Household characteristics

1. Type of dwelling unit

2. Number of residents

3. Vehicle ownership

4. No. of drivers

5. Family income

Based on this data it is possible to relate the amount of

travel to household and zonal characteristics and

develop equation for trip generation

The problem of stopping of vehicles and consequent

difficulties are avoided.

The present travel needs are clearly known and analysis

is also simple.

Additional data including economic and other details

may be collected so as to be uesful for forcasting traffic

and transportation growth.

Door to door service is not available.

Fuel consumption is high.

Speed is no as much as rail and airway.

Buses are not on schedule, i.e. arrival and departure

time are not as per schedule.

High capital cost like: Travel time cost, Drivers and

Conductors salary, Other staff salary, maintenance cost.

Route Assignment

Modal Split

Development of O/D Matrix

Development of Trip Generation Model

Division of Study Area in to Different Zones

Data collection

Study Area Mehsana is one of the most of the developing city of Gujarat. It is situated at

23.6°N 72.4°E. Mehsana has an average elevation of 265 feet (81 m) above sea

level. As of 2011 India census, Mehsana had a population of 184,133. The sex ratio

was 894 females/males. Mehsana has an average literacy rate of 84.26%, higher

than the national average. Male literacy is 91.88%, and female literacy is 76.12%. In Mehsana, 9.4% of the population is under 6 years of age. Mehsana city is chosen as a study area due to some of the circumstances as follows:

Rapidly developing city

Nearby the College Area

No Public transportation is designed

Data collection is done in two stages; first stage of data

collection includes willingness of public towards public

transportation system. Two transportation survey

questionnaire forms is prepared to collect the data.

SMT.S.R.PATEL ENGINEERING COLLEGE, DABHI

Department Of Civil Engineering

DATE:……………

INTERVIEWER NAME:……………

1- ROUTE INFORMATION

a. ORIGIN:-

b. DESTINATION:-

c. NO. OF BUS STOP:-

2- TRAVELLER INFORMATION

a. I. NAME:-

b. II. AGE:-

c. III. GENDER:-

d. IV. TRIP ORIGIN__________________ TRIP DESTINATION__________________

e. V. DISTANCE TRAVELLED

f. WETHER YOU USED DAILY:-

All Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

3- INFORNATION REGARDING EXISTING TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

a. WAITING TIME AT BUS STOP:-

b. FREQUENCY OF BUS SERVICE:-

c. COMFORTABALITY IN BUS SERVICE :-

d. PROBLEMS FACED IN EXISTING FACILITY:-

e. PREFERANCE TO PUBLIC VEHICAL OR PRIVATE VEHICAL:___________

4 - SUGGESTION BY TRAVELLER-

a. SUGGESTION FOR IMPROVEMENT IN PUBLIC TRANSPORT:-

b. ANY OTHER ROUTE FOR TRIP PURPOSE IS REQUIRED_________________

YES

NO

Smt. S. R. Patel Engineering College

Home Interview Survey

(House Hold Information)

Interviewer:- ___________ Survey Zone:-____________

Date:- __________ Sector:- ________________

Name- ____________________

Address- ________________________________________________________________________________________________

House Ownership- Own Rented Other House Hold Size (Number of Member in House)

_____________ Total Monthly House hold Income

_________________________

Vehicle Ownership Car- 0/1/2/>2 Two wheeler- 0/1/2/>2

Bicycles- 0/1/2/>2 Income Categorization < 7,500- Poor Category (PC)

7,500- 17,000- Lower Middle Class (LMC) 17,000- 50,000- Middle Class (MC)

50,000- 85,000- Upper Middle Class (UMC) >85,000- Higher Category (HC)

Zone N0. Category Nomenclature

Z-1 Residential Radhanpur road

Z-2 Residential Sivaji Temple

Z-3 Residential Biladi bag, Civil Hospital, Bus St.

Z-4 Commercial Mehsana GIDC

Z-5 Residential and

Commercial

B.K. Theater, T.B. Hospital,

Hanuman Temple

Z-6 Industrial RTO, Post office , KDM Bhavan, Jalaram Temple

Based on the parameters affecting trip generation, trip generation model is

developed by multiple linear regression equation. Multiple line reggration is chosen

for the Trip Generation Model.

Y = aX1+bX2+cX3+dX4+…………

Where

Y = Trip Generation ( Dependent Variable)

X1, X2, X3,………. = Parameters in the Trip Generation ( Indepenant Variable)

a, b, c,…… = Co-efficient of respective parameters

Sr. No. Parameter Nomenclature

1 Population PO

2 No. of Family NF

3 Average Family Size FS

4 Average Car Ownership CO

Zone Trips/Day

Population

(PO)

No. of Family

(NF)

Family Size

(FS)

Car Ownership

(CO)

1 136 1.22 25709 6 2

2 118 1.06 22307 5 1

3 108 0.97 20416 4 1

4 171 1.54 32326 5 1

5 27 0.24 5104 3 1

6 11 0.099 2079 3 1

Regression Statistics

Multiple R 0.967926

R Square 0.936882

Adjusted R Square 0.684408

Standard Error 49.04791

Observations 6

Coefficients

Intercept 129.1343

X Variable 1 -351.937

X Variable 2 0.038905

X Variable 3 -56.8541

X Variable 4 59.02948

Finally A multiple linear regression equation is developed

to estimate the future trips given below.

Y= 98.55 - 162.39*PO + 0.056*NF- 81.77*FS +

99.38*CO

For the forecasting of future trip the geometrical increase method is used. In this

method the percentage increase in population from decade to decade is assumed to

remain constant.

The population at the end of nth decade ‘Pn’ can be estimated as:

Pn = P (1+ IG/100) n

Where, IG = geometric mean (%)

P = Present population

N = no. of decades.

Year Population Increment Geometrical increase

Rate of growth

1991 88,201 -

2001 1,36,828 48627 (48627/88201) =0.55

2011 1,84,991 48163 (48163/1,36,828) =0.35

Data to estimate in 2031

Trip/Day Population No. of Family Family size Car Ownership

721 0.646 17045.9 4 1

422 0.9075 12482.25 4 1

418 0.51 12399 6 2

686 0.6908 18020.46 5 1

425 0.1218 10248 4 1

28 0.056 1500 3 1

O/D matrix fordetermining no. of trips generate end

end in each zone

O/D 1 2 3 4 5 6

present

trips

Future

trips

1 52 81 145 114 91 3 486 721

2 61 37 32 57 47 2 236 422

3 88 40 48 28 12 216 418

4 152 71 21 72 22 4 342 686

5 128 7 18 42 1 196 424

6 5 9 8 22 28

present

trips 486 236 216 342 196 22

future

trips 721 422 418 686 424 28

O/D Matrix

O/D 1 2 3 4 5 6

prese

nt

trips

Futur

e

trips Fi Li

1 52 81 145 114 91 3 486 721

1.4835

39

0.521

5

2 61 37 32 57 47 2 236 422

1.7881

36

0.541

3

3 88 40 00 48 28 12 216 418

1.9351

85

0.578

8

4 152 71 21 72 22 4 342 686

2.0058

48

0.581

1

5 128 7 18 42 00 1 196 424

2.1632

65

0.608

9

6 5 00 00 9 8 00 22 28

1.2727

27

0.515

4

prese

nt

trips 486 236 216 342 196 22

future

trips 721 422 418 686 424 28

Fj

1.48

35

1.78

81

1.93

51

2.0058

48

2.1632

65

1.2727

27

Lj

0.52

15

0.54

13

0.57

88 0.5811 0.6089 0.5154

Iteration 1

O/D Z1 Z2 Z3 Z4 Z5 Z6 P.t F.t Fi(1) Li

1 59.39 113.39 227.86 186 164.42 2.92

753.9

8 721

0.95625

9

1.02

8

2 85.39 63.45 61.56 113.87 103.92 2.27

430.4

6 422

0.98034

7 0.99

3 138.28 76.95 107.45 69.31 16.09

408.0

8 418

1.02430

9 1.01

4 248.04 141.84 47.01 167.35 56.54 5.57

666.3

5 686

1.02948

9 1.01

5 231.27 15.47 44.56 107.95 0.83

400.0

8 424

1.05978

8 1.03

6 4.87 12.53 12.44 29.84 28

0.93833

8 1

p.t 767.24 411.1 380.99 695.15 406.63 27.68

F.t 721 422 418 686 424 28

Fj(1)

0.93973

2

1.02651

4

1.09714

2

0.98683

7

1.04271

7

1.01156

1

Lj 0.982 1.004 1.04 1 1.02 0.99

Iteration 2

O/D 1 2 3 4 5 6 p.t f.t Fi(2) Li

1 53.86 113.47 248.12 175.59 166.34 2.82 760.2 721

0.9484

35 1

2 77.56 66.46 66.74 108.81 106.44 2.22 428.23 422

0.9854

52 1

3 132.57 81.41 00 107.94 74.62 16.41 412.95 418

1.0122

29 1

4 222.8 150.79 53.57 168.11 62.66 5.73 663.66 686

1.0336

62 1.04

5 231.6 17.094 52.78 112.74 00 0.79

415.00

4 424

1.0216

77 1.02

6 4.26 00 00 11.41 12.15 00 27.82 28

1.0064

7 1

p.t 722.65

429.22

4 421.21 684.6 422.21 27.97

f.t 721 422 418 686 424 28

Fj

0.9977

17

0.9831

7

0.9923

79

1.0020

45

1.0042

4

1.0010

73

Lj 0.98 1 1.03 1 1.02 0.99

Iteration 3

O/D 1 2 3 4 5 6 p.t f.t Fi(3)

1 50 104 234 167 158 3 716 721

1.0069

83

2 74 64 66 107 105 3 419 422

1.0071

6

3 132 80 109 76 17 414 418

1.0096

62

4 229 155 57 177 67 6 691 686

0.9927

64

5 234 17 55 116 0.5 422.5 424

1.0035

5

6 4 11 12 27 28

1.0370

37

p.t. 723 420 412 687 418 29.5

f.t. 721 422 418 686 424 28

Fj(3)

0.9972

34

1.0047

62

1.0145

63

0.9985

44

1.0143

54

0.9491

53

Willingness to Public Transportation=85%

Willingness to Private Transportation=15%

Final O/D Matrix

O/D 1 2 3 4 5 6 p.t

1 40 83 187 134 126 2.4 572

2 59 51 53 86 84 2.4 335

3 106 64 00 87 61 14 332

4 183 126 46 142 54 5 555

5 187 14 44 93 00 0.4 338.4

6 3 00 00 9 10 00 22

p.t. 578 338 330 551 335 24.2

The proposed study is used to select the route depend

on journey length, cost, comfort, safety and

convenience. Total four routes are decided and

presented in figure given below. Details of each of the

route are described in Table given below.

Sr. No. Route

No.

Origin Destination Covering Area Length of

Route

1 1 Radhanpur

circle

RTO Modhera circle, mehsana bus station,

V-Mart Mall, Muncipal art & science

collage, Nagalpur Bus Station, Wide

Angle

4.17 KM

2 2 Radhanpur

circle

Radhanpur

circle

Railway Station, Sarvarjanik

pharmacy collage, medical collage &

research centre, Biladi bag, masjid,

manav ashram circle

7.19 KM

3 3 Radhanpur

circle

By pass TP Road, shahaja main road, Tirupati

sahibag Township

3.05 KM

4 4 Railway

station

Dadiyasan bus

station

B.K.Theater, modhera circle,

dadiyasan bus station, industrial area

7.42 KM

A.T.M. Nurul Amin, “Reducing Emissions from Private Cars: Incentive measures for behavioural change” United Nations Environment Program, October 2009.

Ar. Anuj Jaiswal, Ashutosh Sharma, Jigyasa Bisaria, “Estimation of Public Transport Demand in Million Plus Indian Cities based on Travel Behavior” (2010)

“Madhuri Jain, “Developing Bus Rapid Transit System In India”

Shali ARKATKAR, Ajit Pratap SINGH , Ashoke Kumar SARKAR ni KANUGANTI , Umashankar SUBRAMANIAN , Shriniwas Shrikant “Quantification of Level-of-Service Index for Bus Routes in Developing Countries: A Case Study in India”

S.M. Sohel Mahmud and Md. Shamsul Haque “Deficiencies of Existing Road Network in Dhaka Metropolitan City”

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