a proposed low cost housing project.docx

8/18/2019 A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project.docx

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A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project1

A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project

Paul Henley A. Ayuma

College of Architecture and Fine ArtsManuel S. Energa !niersity Foundation

"ntroduction

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Housing is one of those basic social conditions that determine the

quality of life and welfare of people and places !here homes are located"

how well designed and built" and how well they are wea#ed into the

en#ironmental" social" cultural and economic fabric of communities are

factors that" in a #ery real way" in$uence the daily li#es of people" their

health" security and wellbeing" and which" gi#en the long life of dwellings as

physical structures" a%ect both the present and future generations Housing

is therefore central to sustainable de#elopment

&apid urbani'ation places remar(able strain on housing and ser#iced

land )y 2*+*" about + billion people" or about ,* per cent of the world-s

population" will need proper housing and access to basic infrastructure and

ser#ices such as water and sanitation systems .his translates into the need

to complete /0"1* housing units per day with ser#iced and documented

land from now till 2*+*

nfortunately" especially in the de#eloping world" supply is often

limited by inadequate go#ernance systems and human resource de3ciencies"

as well as by institutions and regulations which are either obsolete or lac(ing

in capacity" or are poorly informed 4o far" the failure of urban planning and

the construction sector in matching demand for homes has resulted in ahuge housing bac(log that has led to the de#elopment of slums in a #ariety

of conte5ts globally 6ue to constraints in formal housing and land deli#ery

systems" more and more people who would otherwise qualify for housing

programs are resorting to slum settlements

7n 1/* the urban population in Asia was 22/ million" roughly

comparable to all other regions !ithin the space of si5ty years" howe#er"

the population had grown se#en8fold to o#er 19 billion in 2*1* Asian cities

ha#e consistently been hubs of growth and e5pansion )etween 1/* and

2*** eight out of the world-s ten fastest growing cities were in Asia: .o(yo"

;umbai" 6ehli" 6ha(a" #er half of the

world-s urban population currently li#es in Asian cities

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A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project+

.hese urbani'ation trends are set to continue in the coming decades

)etween 2*1* and 2** the urban population in Asia is predicted to nearly

double to reach +, billion .he rate and scale of urban growth in Asia is

distinct to all other regions and such e5tensi#e change will continue to place

pressure on the a%ordability of land and housing in the region

.he continued growth and e5pansion of cities has placed enormous

strain on land and housing supply .he presence and e5pansion of urban

slums and informal settlements is a physical manifestation of poorly

functioning housing sectors" which do not pro#ide a range of a%ordable

housing alternati#es" especially for low8 and middle8income households

!hile Asia has e5perienced strong economic growth o#er the last three

decades" the bene3ts of this growth ha#e not been shared equally ?conomic

growth has increased the cost of (ey inputs to housing" particularly land and

construction materials" which has made formal" mar(et8produced housing

prohibiti#ely e5pensi#e for a #ast proportion of the population in Asia

As in other Asian countries" housing situation in the Philippines is

characteri'ed by the emergence of continuing demand for a%ordable housing

units in response of the increasing population and household si'e" both inurban and rural areas A%ordability poses a challenge due to such factors as

low income le#els" inadequate supply of desired units and limited

accessibility to housing 3nance pac(ages Housing need for the period of

2**982*10 is estimated at 9"2",*/ units" which is admittedly huge and far

greater than what the go#ernment can respond to by itself .his total consist

of +/ million units comprising of future housing needs resulting from

population growth@ plus some 1+ million in housing bac(log" consisting of

housing needs for the homeless eg li#ing in ca#es" under the bridge" in

agriculturalBindustrialB commercial buildings" push carts" and streets

dilapidated or condemned housing units

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A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project,

#ac$ground of Study

.he study focuses on rban 6e#elopment of Lucena City which focuses

on low costBa%ordable housing project Low costBa%ordable housing is

broadly de3ned as that which is adequate in quality and location and does

not cost so much that it prohibits its occupants meeting other basic li#ing

costs or threatens their enjoyment of basic human rights .he project will bedesigned according to the laws and policies of the Philippines in terms of

housing with the direct guidelines from HL&) Housing and Land se

&egulatory )oard

.he project will focus on housing de#elopment project for the low

income citi'ens of Lucena .he project will o%er the citi'ens of Lucena City

with a%ordable housing which will help the D"D/ household who only rents"

the 12"212 household who is rent8free with consent of owners" 1"/09

household who is rent8free without the consent of owners to own a house

through this project in which it will help sol#e the Housing needs of the

population of Lucena City

Statement of the Pro%lem

.he study aims resol#e the housing needs of Lucena City through Low

Cost Housing Project .he housing project will gi#e access to low cost housing

for the D"D/ household who only rents" the 12"212 household who is rent8

free with consent of owners" 1"/09 household who is rent8free without the

consent of owners through low monthly amorti'ation 3nanced by

go#ernment agencies li(e PAE87)7E Fund .he houses in this project will be

designed in accordance to the G)CP Gational )uilding Code of Philippines

and the site will be planned in accordance to the standards of )P 22*

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21 ?ach housing unit that will be designed will use cost e%ecti#e

construction technology and energy ecient materials in terms of

lighting" insulation" and other components of the unit22 ?ach housing unit-s design will be based on .ropical Architecture

design style for thermal comfort through the use of passi#e cooling

elements li(e sunshades" ca#ity walls" light shel#es" o#erhangs"

roof" and wall insulation2+ ;inimi'e energy dependency on the power grid system through

the use of solar power system for household electrical use

+ .he project de#elopment shall conform to P6 112 PH7L7PP7G?

?G7&>G;?G.AL C>6? for the protection of the en#ironment+1 .he housing project shall ha#e drainage system for $ood control

and sewage system for proper waste disposal+2 7mplement 4torm water har#esting and waste water recycling

system for water conser#ation++ Allocation of #egetation and landscape in e#ery saleable lot and

the subdi#ision itself for good air quality and #isual ambiance

Methodology .he comple5 process of planning and designing a low cost housing

project requires that it be a multidisciplinary endea#or .his being so" the

process must be organi'ed and systemati'ed so that all the stages such as:

roles" acti#ities" contribution and e5pected results" and their le#els"

standards and quality" are clear to e#eryone in#ol#ed in the process

"mportant Components for )esign and )eelopment

*. Location>ne of the 3rst most important components of a subdi#ision

de#elopment is choosing the right location" but builders do choose

di%erent location for di%erent reasons &egardless" it is essential to

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choose an area with a healthy population or that is growing relati#ely

quic(

+. Space Aaila%ility

!hen de#eloping a subdi#ision 7t is essential to ma(e sure that

there is enough space for the neighborhood to really grow Along with

ma(ing sure that there is ample space for the beginning plans and to

ma(e sure that each residence has enough space

,. -ypes of housing unit6etermining what types of homes will be built is one of the

essential components of subdi#ision de#elopment Failing to ha#e a

plan in mind can cause you to end up with a neighborhood that doesn-t

ha#e a cohesi#e loo( and feel" or the neighborhood could go in the

wrong direction 7n designing a unit each should ha#e something in

common e#en if they are di%erent in price and si'e Iou might e#en

want to opt for homes in a certain style" or you could choose that you

want all of the homes to be bric( to ha#e something else in common

aesthetically

. Amenities4ince there are a lot of di%erent subdi#isions out there" you ha#e

to add enough amenities to ma(e people want to call your

neighborhood home For e5ample" you might choose to o%er a

swimming pool and a small par( for the (ids to play in >r" you could

opt to plant beautiful gardens 7t isn-t needed to ha#e e#erything" but

you will want to ha#e a few things to o%er that will ma(e your

subdi#ision di%erent from the countless others that are out there

!hen planning these amenities" howe#er" ma(e sure that you put

them in your budget@ not only do you ha#e to worry about initial costs"

but you also ha#e to thin( about maintenance and up(eep as well

Principles of /eigh%orhood Planning

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A Proposed Low Cost Housing ProjectD

1 4i'e A residential unit de#elopment should pro#ide housing for that

population for which one elementary school is ordinarily required 7ts

actual area depending upon its population density

2 )oundaries .he unit should be bounded by arterial streets suciently

wide to facilitate trac by8passing the neighborhood instead of passing

through it+ >pen 4paces 4mall Par( and recreation space" planned to meet the

needs of the particular neighborhood should be pro#ided, 7nstitution 4ites 4ites for the school and other institutions ha#ing

ser#ice spheres coinciding with the limits of the unit should be suitably

grouped about a central point or common" and combined with the

neighborhood recreation area 7nternal 4treet 4ystem .he unit should be pro#ided with a special

street system" each highway being proportioned to its probable trac

load" and the street net as a whole being designed to facilitate

circulation within the unit with good access to maintain arteries" and to

discourage its use by through trac

Principles of neigh%orhood planning

Courtesy Urban Land Institute

Project )eelopment )esign Process

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A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project/

.o achie#e the best outcomes in terms of design e%ecti#eness and

process eciencies" the applicant and orBtheir ad#isers should consider the

process described in 6iagram 6iagram illustrates the best approach to

addressing design e%ecti#eness and process eciencies Applicants and

their ad#isers should consider this process when considering de#elopment

?ach of the process steps is described below as actions .hese are not

intended to be prescripti#e" but are common to best practice subdi#ision

design processes

67AE&A;

*. 0esearch

M )e familiar with your site of interest and collect as much information

as you can N aerial photos" cadastral plans" titles" any historical

information about buildings" pre#ious land uses" ha'ards such as

$ooding or slips" large trees" underground or o#erhead ser#ices etc

M &ead the 6esign Euide to understand what the Council is considering

are important in subdi#ision design .his includes all outcomes"

guidelines and landscape ad#isory notes

M Loo( at the 6istrict Plan to see what the resource consent

requirements are for both subdi#ision and land uses

M 7n the 6istrict Plan there is a 4tructure Plan map Loo( at this and

locate your property of interest and see what the conte5t is Also loo(

at any connections that need to be made" slope or open space areas"

or bu%ers for e5ample

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A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project1*

M Consider the professional assistance eg sur#eyor" engineer" and

planner you may need N each of these ha#e professional institutes and

ha#e lists of people in our area to contact

+. Communicate

M ;eet with an ad#isor to discuss your ideas 7t may be that se#eral

di%erent professionals eg to help with infrastructure enquiries" or

roading will need to assist 7t may also be bene3cial to ha#e an initial

meeting and then follow8up meetings as ideas e#ol#e

M Consider the neighbors- interests 6o you (now them and what their

plans areO .here may be mutual bene3ts to you and your neighbors if

there are road connections to be made for e5ample

,. Assess

M .here may be areas of the site that are constrained in some way eg

by slope" pro5imity to incompatible uses" $ooding ha'ard Assess the

site with a #iew to mapping and addressing these constraints

M Assess the site and map for opportunities in the same way .here

may be good #iews" $atter land" good connection points for streets orpaths and pro5imity to a natural feature li(e a ri#er for e5ample

M >#erlay these constraints and opportunities on a map to see where

the best locations for de#elopment areas are

M 7f you are using a professional li(e a sur#eyor or planner they should

do this withBfor you 7t is #ery useful to ha#e this as bac(ground to

support your subdi#ision application

. )esign &ptions

M .he position of streets and paths will be in$uential to the layout for

lots and these will also be the li(ely position for infrastructure An

engineer or sur#eyor will usually need to be in#ol#ed in this process

M 7t would be ad#isable to see the Council again with a few options and

get ocers ad#ice and comments .hey will ha#e some thoughts on

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how well the options satisfy the 6esign Euide intentions and 6istrict

Plan rules and 4tructure Plans

1. )ocument

M 7n the documentation parts the information and research are

gathered" including photographs

0eferences

#&&2S

• .7;? 4A? 4.AG6A&64 F>& )7L67GE .IP?4

)y: G ;AGAL F>& 4)67747>G

7G E&>!.H A&?A4

)y: Erowth Areas Authority" 2*11

• AFF>&6A)L? LAG6 AG6 H>47GE 7G A47A

)y: G8HA)7.A." 2*11

LA3S

• GA.7>GAL )7L67GE C>6? >F .H? PH7L7PP7G?4

• &?74?6 &L?4 AG6 &?ELA.7>G4 7;PL?;?G.7GE .H? 4)67747>G

AG6 C>G6>;7G7; )I?&-4 P&>.?C.7? 6?C&?? P6 /9 AG6

>.H?& &?LA.?6 LA!4• &)AG 6??L>P;?G. H>47GE AC. >F 1//2 &A 929/

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• &?74?6 &L?4 AG6 4.AG6A&64 F>& ?C>G>;7C AG64>C7AL7K?6

H>47GE P&>

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