a report published august 2006 demonstrated that peptide yy: a - is upregulated by eating protein b...

A report published August 2006 demonstrated that peptide YY:

A - is upregulated by eating proteinB - is a protein found in spermC - is a protein that regulates male

sexual behavior

CQ 11-1

Announcements• Midterm Study

– Focus on concepts in lecture (reading as supplement) – Online quiz– Downloads

• Practice midterm without answers• With answers• Quiz key and study guide

– URLs that might help you with studying • download section for Lec 13

• Discussion Philosophy

Lecture 11: Cellular Respiration

Monday 10/20/08

Reading Chapter 9 Pgs 162-180

Web Activities: 9.2, 9.4

Online Lecture 11 Quiz

11-1Fall 2008, Bio 93, O’Dowd and Warrior, UCI - Copyright: All rights reserved

Figure 6.10 The ATP cycle


• Mitochondria– Site of cellular respiration in all eukaryotic cells


Defects in mitochondrial function• Degenerative diseases, cancer, aging

• Inherited mitochondrial diseases (1:4000 births)

• Muscle weakness• Degenerative disease of the CNS• Metabolic disturbances marked by high

levels of lactic acid


• Seizures: onset 1 month

• Delayed gross and fine motor skill development

• Generalized muscle weakness

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.Inherited mitochondria disorder

3/25/98-6/9/03

Xe- + Y X + Ye-

Cellular Respiration• Relocation of electrons from food to oxygen

– Released energy used to synthesize ATP

• General redox reaction:– Two components

• Oxidation- Removal of electrons from one substance• Reduction- Addition of electrons to a substance


Reactants

X will be oxidizedY will be reduced

Products

• Redox equation for cellular respiration

• Glucose is oxidized (Hs and their electrons will be removed) to CO2

• Oxygen is reduced (Hs will be added) to H2O

• Energy is released

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2OWill be oxidized

will be reducedATP


Cellular respiration: controlled explosion


• NAD+ : Shuttles electrons from fuel to electron transport chain– Dehydrogenase enzymes strip 2 H atoms (2 electrons

and 2 protons) from fuel• One H atom + 1 extra electron passed to NAD+ to form NADH • One H ion (H+ : proton minus electron) released to solution

CC #11With this hydroxyl containing molecule as fuel,

complete the equation of the reaction described above.Circle the reactant molecule that will be oxidized?

H - C - OH + ____ ______ + ______ + ___


• NAD+ : Shuttles electrons from fuel to electron transport chain– Dehydrogenase enzymes strip 2 H atoms (2 electrons

and 2 protons) from fuel• One H atom + 1 extra electron passed to NAD+ to form NADH • One H ion (H+ : proton minus electron) released to solution

CC# 11With this hydroxyl containing molecule as fuel,

complete the equation of the reaction described above.Circle the reactant molecule that will be oxidized?

H - C - OH + _____ ______ + _____ + ____Dehydrogenase

NAD+ NADHC=O H+

Cellular respiration: NAD+ Tennis ball shuttle

• NADH: moves electrons to transport chain

Electron TransportChain


• Cellular Respiration– Relocation of

electrons from food to O2

– released energy used to synthesize ATP


Glucose

EXTRACELLULAR


• Step 1: Glycolysis in cytosol– Converts glucose to pyruvate– Generates 2 NADH, 2 H+

– Net gain of 2 ATP

– Requires initial energy investment

(used in citric acid cycle) (used in oxidative phosph.)

( substrate level phosphorylation)


• Substrate level phosphorylation


• Pyruvate moves into mitochondrial matrix– Aided by a transport protein

For each pyruvateCO2

NADHAcetyl CoA


• Step 2

• Citric Acid Cycle: mitochondrial matrix

– For each ACoA• 2 CO2

• 3 NADH

• 1 FADH2 (another electron carrier)

• 1 ATP11-15Fall 2007, Bio 93, O’Dowd and Warrior, UCI - Copyright: All rights reserved

• Step 3 Electron transport chain: inner mito. Memb.

NADH and FADH2 donate electronsPowers proton pumps, generates proton gradientProduces water


• Chemiosmosis: inner mitochondrial membrane

– The ATP synthase molecules allow passive transport of H+

– H+ flow through synthase results in joining of ADP+Pi to form ATP (chemiosomosis).

H+ H+

H+

H+

H+ H+

H+

H+

ADP+ Pi

ATP

Intermembrane space

Innermembrane

matrix


Cellular respiration generates 38 ATP/glucose


Pyruvate as a key juncture in catabolism


In: Glucose,ATPOut: pyruvate,NADH, H2O, 2 ATP

In: Acetyl CoAOut:NADH,FADH2ATP, CO2

In: NADH, FADH2, O2Out:H2O, ATP

Ox Phos

Lactic Acid Fermentation


A) It was converted to water which weighs much less than fat

B) It was converted to glucose, ATP produced, CO2

and H2O released

C) It was converted to pyruvate and Acetyl CoA, ATP produced, CO2

and H2O released

D) It was converted to amino acids and eliminated in the urine

CQ 11-2You have a friend who lost 15 pounds of

fat from dieting. Where did the fat go?

A) It was converted to water which weighs much less than fat

B) It was converted to glucose, ATP produced, CO2

and H2O releasedC) It was converted to pyruvate and Acetyl

CoA, ATP produced, CO2 and H2O released

D) It was converted to amino acids and eliminated in the urine

Lost 15 lbs of fat:

Reading and Study Guide for Lecture 12

• Required reading– Chapter 10 pgs. 185-203

• Recommended exercises– Web Activities: 10.1, 10.2


Oxidative Phosphorylation Demo

Challenge: llustrate pumping ions across membrane, and having them flow back through

synthase What I tried last year did not work and don’t

have a good idea for this year

a report published august 2006 demonstrated that peptide yy: a - is upregulated by eating protein b...

Documents

h ion h

h atoms

shuttles electrons

extra electron

fuelone h atom

h net gain

transport proteinfor

electron carrier1 atpstep