a republican decade 1919-1929. 1920 presidential election warren g. harding promises americans “a...
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A Republican Decade1919-1929
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1920 Presidential Election
Warren G. Harding promises Americans “A return to normalcy” and economic growth.
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The Bolshevik Revolution– Czar Nicholas
II is forced to abdicate because of WWI.
– Alexander Kerensky leads the new government, and supports WWI and is very unpopular
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– Vladimir I. Lenin promises “peace, land and bread”
– His movement becomes very strong, and overthrows the government, seizes all property (some belonging to Americans)
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– Civil war breaks out between the Bolsheviks (Reds) and the Republicans (Whites). The U.S. supports the Whites.
– Reds win, withdraw from WWI.
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o Lenin Advocates the worldwide spread of Communism.
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The Red Scare
– Americans were nervous about the Commies
– Led to a sudden, intense fear of Communism, Radical Ideas, and Foreigners. This fear was collectively known as “The Red Scare”…
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– Schneck vs. U.S.- “Clear and Present Danger”
– Gitlow vs. New York – Upheld the convictions of anarchists
– Palmer Raids – Govt. actively pursued perceived anarchists
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– Sacco and Vanzetti – Two Italian anarchists were charged, convicted, and executed for a crime they didn’t commit because they were radical foreigners.
• Most Americans felt they were framed.
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Strikes and the Red Scare
• 1920 – 350 strikes a month all over the U.S., and people blamed immigrants, communists, and radicals.
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• Boston Police Strike – goes on strike for higher wages. Future President Calvin Coolidge calls in the state police to break the strike.
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Coal and Steel Strike – government calls in the police to break the strike and “scabs” to replace the workers
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Both of these government stances are very anti-labor.
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Republican Leadership
• Very Pro-Business• Public felt the
Republicans’ would be better suited to handle the Commies and the Economy
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• Scaled back the military
• Returned the US to an Isolationist policy.
• High tariffs to protect American Manufacturers.
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Domestic Issues
Patriotism Religion
(Nativism) Urban Conditions Jobs Red Scare
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Immigration Quotas
Scales back immigration to pre-1890 levels (this is done to eliminate Southern, Eastern and Central Europeans)
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Republican Scandals
• Many Scandals rocked the Harding administration• Harding was most likely not involved• Biggest scandal was the “Teapot Dome Scandal” – Money
for Oil
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• May have contributed to his early death (or he may have been murdered…)
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Calvin Coolidge
• “The chief business of the American people is business”
• “Laissez Faire”- “let happen”, “let do”