a review of the prescribing capability of speech ... · a review of the prescribing capability of...

A review of the prescribing capability of speech pathologists, dietitians and

psychologists

This report has been prepared on behalf of the Allied Health Professions’ Office of Queensland by the School of Clinical Sciences,

Queensland University of Technology

Professor Lisa Nissen

Karen Bettenay

Page | 2 A review of the prescribing capability of speech pathologists, dietitians and psychologists

CContents Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................... 4

Terminology and Definitions ............................................................................................................ 10

List of tables and figures .................................................................................................................. 12

List of Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................ 14

1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 15

2. Non-Medical Prescribing in Australia ........................................................................................ 15

2.1 Drivers for non-medical prescribing .................................................................................. 15

2.1.1 Population growth........................................................................................................ 15

2.1.2 Ageing population ........................................................................................................ 15

2.1.3 Chronic disease and multiple morbidities ..................................................................... 16

3. The Health Professionals Prescribing Pathway .......................................................................... 16

4. National Prescribing Competencies .......................................................................................... 17

5. Allied Health Prescribing in Queensland ................................................................................... 18

6. Speech Pathology ..................................................................................................................... 19

6.1 Background Information .................................................................................................. 19

6.1.1 National Bodies/Registration ........................................................................................ 19

6.1.2 Education and Training ................................................................................................. 19

6.1.3 Current Prescribing Status ............................................................................................ 19

6.1.4 Prescribing potential .................................................................................................... 19

6.2 Prescribing Competence in Speech Pathology .................................................................. 20

6.2.1 Speech pathology training requirements and professional standards which define professional capability .............................................................................................................. 20

6.3 Speech Pathology Competency Mapping .......................................................................... 20

6.3.1 Methodology................................................................................................................ 20

6.3.2 Results ......................................................................................................................... 21

6.3.3 Discussion .................................................................................................................... 48

6.4 Recommendations ........................................................................................................... 50

7. Dietetics and Nutrition ............................................................................................................. 52

7.1 Background Information .................................................................................................. 52




7.1.4 Prescribing potential .................................................................................................... 53

7.2 Prescribing Competence in Dietetics ................................................................................ 53


7.2.1 Dietitian training requirements and professional standards which define professional capability .................................................................................................................................. 53

7.3 Dietetic Competency Mapping ......................................................................................... 54

7.3.1 Methodology................................................................................................................ 54

7.3.2 Results ......................................................................................................................... 54

7.3.3 Discussion .................................................................................................................... 81

7.4 Recommendations ........................................................................................................... 84

8 Psychology ............................................................................................................................... 85

8.1 Background information................................................................................................... 85



8.1.3 Areas of endorsement of registration ........................................................................... 88


8.1.5 Prescribing Potential .................................................................................................... 88

8.2 Prescribing Competence in Psychology ............................................................................. 89

8.2.1 Psychology training requirements and professional standards which define professional capability .................................................................................................................................. 89

8.3 Psychology Competency Mapping .................................................................................... 90

8.3.1 Methodology................................................................................................................ 90

8.3.2 Results ......................................................................................................................... 91

8.3.3 Discussion .................................................................................................................. 119

8.4 Recommendations ......................................................................................................... 121

9 References ............................................................................................................................. 123

Appendix A: Speech Pathology Mapping ........................................................................................ 126

Appendix B Dietitian Mapping ....................................................................................................... 178

Appendix C: Psychology Mapping .................................................................................................. 216


EExecutive Summary Introduction

Prescribing is a complex task which involves a combination of specific skills, knowledge and behaviours and includes both cognitive and decision making steps.

In order to safeguard patient safety, it is necessary to ensure that any health professional authorised to prescribe is competent to do so. This report aims to review current capabilities of speech pathologists, dietitians and psychologists, and determine competency areas that require additional training before a prescribing role can be considered.

Background

The role and authorisation to prescribe in Australia has traditionally been held by medical and dental practitioners. Over the last few years a number of other health professions have gained authority to prescribe under state legislation. Drivers for non-medical prescribing include a growing and ageing population, increase in the incidence of chronic disease states and increasing use of multiple drugs to treat such diseases.

In order to provide a nationally consistent approach to non-medical prescribing in Australia, Health Workforce Australia published the Health Professionals Prescribing Pathway (HPPP) in 2013(1). This pathway provided a prescribing framework for non-medical prescribers and defined three safe prescribing models:

Autonomous prescribing Prescribing under supervision Prescribing via a structured prescribing arrangement

In addition to establishing a prescribing pathway for non-medical prescribers, it is imperative to establish safe and effective prescribing practice and ensure that all practitioners are competent in their prescribing role. In 2012 the National Prescribing Service (NPS) published ‘Competencies Required to Prescribe Medicines -Putting quality use of medicines into practice’, this national Prescribing Competencies Framework is tailored specifically to the Australian healthcare system(2). The framework has seven competency areas, each of which is divided into elements which describe the specific processes, actions and tasks that health professionals carry out when prescribing. The elements are further broken down to performance criteria which describe observable behaviours or results that are expected of competent prescribers(2).

The Ministerial Taskforce on health practitioner expanded scope of practice: final report (3), found that allied health professionals within Queensland Health were not performing the full range of duties and tasks appropriate to their level of education and training, and that expanding the scope of practice of allied health professionals could improve patient access to services and outcomes for the community. The report detailed a number of areas that scope of practice could be extended, including prescribing, and gave a number of allied health prescribing examples.

In Queensland the authority to prescribe is legislated under the Health (Drugs and Poisons) Regulation 1996 (HDPR)(4). Any prescribing by allied health professionals in Queensland, not already authorised under the HDPR, must be undertaken within a formal research framework. Approval of the Chief Health Officer, under section 18 of the HDPR, must be obtained to enable individual health


professionals to prescribe. The Allied Health Professions’ Office of Queensland have developed a framework which describes the process by which such trials can be implemented(5).

In order to consider the prescribing potential of the speech pathologist, dietitian and psychologist and to identify options in Queensland relating to prescribing authority, it is necessary to review the current status of each discipline’s qualifications, and evaluate their capacity to provide the skills, knowledge and behaviours necessary to become a competent prescriber. If the current training requirements and professional standards for speech pathologists, dietitians and psychologists are mapped against the Prescribing Competencies Framework, it will be possible to evaluate the current prescribing capability and identify any gaps in capability that may need to be addressed.

Project Methodology

Program of study requirements for each discipline were reviewed, and relevant professional and practice standards were identified. These standards were mapped against individual performance criteria for every element within the Prescribing Competencies Framework. Each performance criteria was described as being covered sufficiently, partly or not covered by the discipline specific standards.

In addition, the performance criteria of the Prescribing Competencies Framework were mapped against the HPPP models of prescribing. This made it possible to identify the competency expectations dependent on the model of prescribing. By comparing this to the discipline specific mapping it was possible to identify current gaps in practice for each of the disciplines under each prescribing model.

To provide additional education and training information relevant to the review, the learning objectives from a representative program of study for each discipline were also mapped against the Prescribing Competencies Framework elements.

It should be noted that the education requirement for general registration as a psychologist is a 6 year sequence of study that can be achieved by a number of different routes. For the purpose of this report the Master’s degree route to general registration and the four year accredited sequence of study followed by a two year Board approved internship (4 + 2) were the only two training and education options reviewed.

Results

As would be expected, mapping for each discipline varied. There were, however, common areas that mapped well, and common areas where gaps in practice were potentially identified.

Areas that mapped well include:

Communication style and therapeutic partnership with patients and carers Respect for the person being treated Provision of information to, and collaboration with, other health professionals Clinical examination and interpretation of findings Synthesising information from assessment and developing possible diagnoses Recognising when non pharmacological treatment is appropriate Referral when treatment is outside scope of practice Developing a treatment plan in partnership with the person Development of a review plan


Working within scope of practice Knowledge and compliance with professional standards and codes of conduct Accountability for patient care

Ares that did not map well include:

Ascertaining that information has been understood correctly Confirming understanding of information provided by other health professionals Application of Quality Use of Medicine (QUM) principles Obtaining approval for medicine use Providing appropriate medicine orders Stopping or modifying current treatment Ensuring all parties have a common understanding of therapeutic goals and their management Ensuring the person understands the treatment plan and how to use medicines safely and

effectively Identifying if the person requires a comprehensive medicines review Interpretation and application of guidelines and protocols

Mapping of the HPPP models of prescribing to the Prescribing Competencies Framework indicates that the requisite competencies to prescribe safely and appropriately are dependent on the model of prescribing in use. The number of competencies required to prescribe under supervision or autonomously is greater than those required to prescribe via a structured prescribing arrangement.

The mapping of learning outcomes again varied between disciplines but the following could not be identified across any of the professions reviewed:

Element 4.1: Provides clear instructions to other health professionals who dispense, supply, or administer medicines prescribed for the person

Element 5.1: Obtains information to assess the person’s response to treatment Element 5.2: Works in partnership with the person and other health professionals to address

issues arising from the review Element H1.6: Addresses the potential for bias in prescribing decisions Element H2.1: Obtains consent to provide clinical services to the person

Element H1.4 (practices quality use of medicines principles) could not be identified in the learning outcomes of speech pathology, dietetics or the 4+2 study route for psychology, but could be identified in the Masters’ route to psychology registration.

Mapping of the learning objectives for the representative pre-entry program of study provided limited information to assess graduate capability with respect to prescribing. The learning objectives are quite broad in their statements and, without review of individual lectures and tutorials, it is impossible to say to what extent they map with the Prescribing Competencies Framework. Mapping at an element level rather than a performance criteria level is also less specific; not all performance criteria within the element may be covered by the learning objectives. This mapping does, however, give an indication of the current coverage of the Prescribing Competencies Framework by an accredited program of study.


Discussion

The prescribing capability assumptions made in the mapping process are based purely on information obtained from discipline specific professional and practice standards, and not on review of actual practice. It is likely that some of the prescribing activities that do not map well are undertaken in actual practice but, due to their lack of documentation in the professional standards, are perceived not to map to the Prescribing Competencies Framework. However, there were identified gaps in practice, specifically relating to medicines, which are likely to fall outside of the current scope of practice, and should be targeted for additional education and assessment.

The requisite competencies for safe and effective prescribing differ, dependent on the model of prescribing to be used. The number of competencies required to prescribe under supervision or autonomously is greater than those required to prescribe via a structured prescribing arrangement. The additional training required to achieve prescribing competence, dependent on the model of prescribing, was identified for each profession. Although there were slight variations between professions, common training requirements to prescribe via a structured training arrangement would include:

Medication history taking training, including adherence assessment Interpretation and application of guidelines and protocols appropriate to model of

prescribing QUM principles appropriate to model of prescribing Knowledge of potential adverse reactions and errors of medicines to be prescribed Identification of potential problems with existing medicines and cessation or adjustment as

appropriate Legislation, policies and procedures applicable to model of prescribing Writing of medicine orders appropriate to model of prescribing Recording keeping with respect to medicine use Review of medicine therapy Identification of person’s need for comprehensive medicines review Communication with the person regarding medicine choice, safe and effective use of the

medicine and experience with medicine use Consulting other health professionals with respect to medicine choice

Common additional training requirements to prescribe autonomously or under supervision include:

Knowledge of pharmacology, clinical medicine and therapeutics Access, interpretation, evaluation and application of medicine information to inform

evidence based decision making Identification of appropriate medicine options for both the condition and the person being

treated Tailoring of medicine to the person’s needs Consideration of cost of medicines to be prescribed Implication to the wider community with respect to prescribing Communication with the person with respect to opinions and preferences regarding

medicines and the treatment plan Communication with respect to medicines options and reaching agreement with the person


Ethical issues with respect to prescribing Provision of verbal orders appropriate for model of prescribing if required Obtaining approval for medicine use if required

The training required to prescribe via a structured prescribing arrangement could be incorporated into pre-entry programs of study with minimal adjustment. Authority to prescribe under supervision or autonomously requires additional training, which could be provided in the way of postgraduate training with appropriate assessment and credentialing to ensure competency. The majority of the competencies are not profession specific, so there is the possibility of the development of a generic allied health prescribing course, which could be provided in combination with workplace supervision and mentoring in order to train and subsequently assess allied health prescribers. Over time it may be possible to incorporate all aspects of prescribing into pre-entry programs of study.

In order to progress the introduction of speech pathology, dietitian and psychology prescribing, processes around the accreditation of prescribing training programs and recognition of prescriber status need to be developed. The Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA) has established a Prescribing Working Group whose aim is to ‘develop a governance framework and other resources to support the development and review of national board regulatory policy relating to prescribing of scheduled medicines’(6). This working group provides a useful mechanism to facilitate active collaboration between health professions and the Health Profession Accreditation Councils’ Forum, which is working with its members to develop accreditation processes.

Recommendations:

If prescribing is to occur in these disciplines, consideration needs to be given to the process by which individual health professionals are recognised as competent to prescribe.

As discussed previously, in Queensland the authority to prescribe is legislated under the Health (Drugs and Poisons) Regulation 1996 (HDPR) therefore, amendments to the regulation would be required to authorise specific allied health professions to prescribe. As a temporary measure, prescribing could occur within Queensland under the section 18 approval process, which has been used previously to authorise prescribing trials in pharmacy and physiotherapy.

In addition, if prescribing is to occur at a national level, professional standards should be revised to include prescribing competencies. Amendments to the relevant medicines regulation in each state and territory would also be required.

In order to progress prescribing for speech pathology and dietetics it is recommended that the respective professional bodies:

Develop or adopt an accreditation framework and use it to accredit prescribing training programs

Establish a process for credentialing health practitioners within their profession to prescribe, dependent on completion of an accredited prescribing program of study

To maintain continuing professional development standards and currency of practice, only Certified Practising Speech Pathologists and Accredited Practising Dietitians should be credentialed to prescribe.

In order to progress psychology prescribing it is recommended that:


The Australian Psychology Accreditation Council (APAC) develops or adopts an accreditation framework and uses it to accredit prescribing training programs suitable for psychology prescribing

The Psychology Board of Australia (PsyBA) seeks Australian Health Workforce Ministerial Council approval, under section 14 of the National Law, to enable the Board to endorse the registration of a psychologist for scheduled medicines

The Psychology Board of Australia (PsyBA) approves, under section 35(1)(d) of the National Law, an accredited program of study as providing qualifications for endorsement


TTerminology and Definitions Prescribing

There are many definitions of prescribing; some having a legislative basis and some a more practice oriented focus. For the purpose of this document we will use the definition of prescribing from the Health Professionals Prescribing Pathway (HPPP), which defines prescribing as ‘an iterative process involving the steps of information gathering, clinical decision-making, communication and evaluation, which results in the initiation, continuation or cessation of a medicine’(1).

Medicines

In the broadest sense, a medicine includes any chemical substance given with the intention of preventing, diagnosing curing, controlling or alleviating disease or otherwise enhancing the physical or mental welfare of people(7). This includes prescription, non-prescription and complementary health care products, irrespective of the administered route.

The scheduling of medicines is a national classification system that controls how medicines and poisons are available to the public. All medicines and chemical are classified in the Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Medicines and Poisons(8). In terms of therapeutics the main schedules are as follows:

Schedule 2: Pharmacy medicine-Substances, the safe use of which may require advice from a pharmacist and which should be available from a pharmacy or, where a pharmacy service is not available, from a licensed person.

Schedule 3: Pharmacist only medicine- Substances, the safe use of which requires professional advice but which should be available to the public from a pharmacist without a prescription.

Schedule 4: Prescription only medicine-Substances, the use or supply of which should be by or on the order of persons permitted by State or Territory legislation to prescribe and should be available from a pharmacist on prescription.

Schedule 8: Controlled drug-Substances which should be available for use but require restriction of manufacture, supply, distribution, possession and use to reduce abuse, misuse and physical or psychological dependence.

Medicines that have no restriction to their availability are called unscheduled medicines.

Authority to prescribe granted under the Health Drugs and Poisons Regulation1996 relates only to scheduled medicines.

From now on, this document will use the term ‘scheduled medicines’ to refer to those medicines regulated by the Health Drugs and Poisons Regulation 1996.

Prescription

A prescription is the direction or instruction from a prescriber to issue and administer a medicine. Although a prescription may initially be issued as a verbal order, in order to comply with legislative and regulatory requirements, this will typically be followed with a written instruction that bears the prescriber’s signature (this may be in handwritten or electronic format). The term prescription has a legal implication and it implies that a prescriber takes responsibility for the clinical care of that patient.


For this document, the term ‘prescription’ will refer to the written order for a scheduled medicine (whether handwritten or electronic) with the understanding that this may sometimes manifest as a verbal order in the first instance.

Scope of Practice

The area and extent of practice for an individual health professional, usually defined by a regulator, a profession or employer, after taking into consideration the health professional’s education, training, experiences, expertise and demonstrated competency(1).

Prescribing Competencies Framework

At a national level prescribing capability is described in the framework produced by the National Prescribing Service (NPS) ‘Competencies Required to Prescribe Medicines -Putting quality use of medicines into practice’(2). This framework describes competencies required to ‘prescribe medicines judiciously, appropriately, safely and effectively in the Australian healthcare system’ and, for the purposes of this paper, will be referred to as the ‘Prescribing Competencies Framework’.

Competencies

The knowledge skills and behaviours needed to adequately perform the function(2).


LList of tables and figures

Tables

Table 1 Speech pathology mapping summary: extent to which the Prescribing Competencies Framework is covered by the speech pathology standards

24

Table 2 Relationship between the Prescribing Competencies Framework, the HPPP prescribing models and the professional standards for speech pathologists

30

Table 3 Dietetic mapping summary: extent to which the Prescribing Competencies Framework is covered by the dietetic standards

55

Table 4 Relationship between the Prescribing Competencies Framework, the HPPP prescribing models and the professional standards for dietitians

63

Table 5 Psychology Standards/guidelines that can be used to map psychologist entry level competence against the Prescribing Competencies Framework

90

Table 6 Psychology mapping summary: extent to which the Prescribing Competencies Framework is covered by the psychology standards

92

Table 7 Relationship between the Prescribing Competencies Framework, the HPPP prescribing models and the professional standards and entry level competencies for psychologists

103

Table A1

Mapping of the Prescribing Competencies Framework against the Speech Pathology Australia (SPA) Competency-based Occupational Standards (CBOS) for Speech Pathologist Entry Level 2011 and Code of Ethics

126

Table A2

Mapping of the Prescribing Competencies Framework (Element Level) against Curriculum Learning Outcomes for Bachelor of Speech Pathology (Honours), University of Queensland

156

Table A3 Table A3: Analysis of additional training required to achieve prescribing competence in speech pathologists dependent on the HPPP model of prescribing

170

Table B1

Mapping of the Prescribing Competencies Framework against the Dietitians Association of Australia National (DAA) Competency standards for Dietitians in Australia (2015) and Statement of Ethical Practice

178

Table B2

Mapping of the Prescribing Competencies Framework (Element Level) against Curriculum Learning Outcomes for Bachelor of Nutrition and Dietetics, QUT

200

Table B3 Table B3: Analysis of additional training required to achieve prescribing competence in dietitians dependent on the HPPP model of prescribing

207

Table C1

Mapping of the Prescribing Competencies Framework against the National Practice Standards for the Mental Health Workforce and the Australian Psychological Society Code of Ethics

216


Table C2

Mapping of the Prescribing Competencies Framework Against The Psychology Board Of Australia (PsyBA) Guidelines For 4+2 Internship Programs for Provisional Psychologists and Supervisors, Australian Psychology Accreditation Council (APAC) Accreditation Standard for Programs of Study in Psychology (Second Consultation Draft) and PsyBA National Psychology Examination Curriculum

244

Table C3

Mapping of the Prescribing Competencies Framework (Element Level) against Curriculum Learning Outcomes for Bachelor of Behavioural Science (Psychology) + Bachelor of Behavioural Science (Honours Psychology) + Master of Clinical Psychology, QUT

295

Table C4 Analysis of additional training required to achieve prescribing competence in psychologists dependent on the HPPP model of prescribing

313

Figures

Figure 1 Education and Training options for general registration as a Psychologist in Australia

87


LList of Abbreviations

AdvAPD Advanced Accredited Practising Dietitian

AHPRA Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency

APAC Australian Psychology Accreditation Council

APD Accredited Practising Dietitian

APS Australian Psychological Society

CBOS Competency Based Occupational Standards

CPD Continuing Professional Development

CPSP Certified Practising Speech Pathologist

DAA Dietitians Association of Australia

DCC Dietetic Credentialing Council

DVA Department of Veterans Affairs

FDAA Fellow of Dietitians Association of Australia

HDPR Health (Drugs and Poisons) Regulation 1996

HPPP Health Professionals Prescribing Pathway

NPS National Prescribing Service

PA Physician’s Assistant

PSR Professional Self Regulation

PsyBA Psychology Board of Australia

QUM Quality Use of Medicines

QUT Queensland University of Technology

SPA Speech Pathology Australia

WHO World Health Organisation

4+2 Four year accredited psychology sequence of study followed by a two year Psychology Board of Australia approved internship


11. Introduction Prescribing is a complex task which involves a combination of specific skills, knowledge and behaviours and includes both cognitive and decision making steps.

Podiatrists and optometrists have held prescribing authority in Australia for a number of years, and there is growing evidence that extending the scope of practice of other allied health professionals, to include prescribing, will benefit the patient(1, 3, 9).

In order to safeguard patient safety, it is necessary to ensure that any health professional authorised to prescribe is competent to do so. The national Prescribing Competencies Framework (2) provides a valuable standard against which prescribing competence can be assessed.

This report aims to review current capabilities of speech pathologists, dietitians and psychologists, and determine competency areas that require additional training before a prescribing role can be considered.

2. Non-Medical Prescribing in Australia The role and authorisation to prescribe in Australia has traditionally been held by medical and dental practitioners. Over the last few years, a number of other health professions have gained authority to prescribe under state legislation.

2.1 Drivers for non-medical prescribing 2.1.1 Population growth

The estimated Australian population on 31 March 2015 was 23,714,300; a growth of 1.4% in a year(10).This population is projected to increase to between 36.8 and 48.3 million by 2061(11).

With a growing population comes increased healthcare needs and prescribing. In 2011–12 Australia spent around $140.2 billion on health, with $18.8 billion being spent on medications. Interestingly, health expenditure has grown faster than population growth with expenditure increased from $4,276 per person in 2001–02 to $6,230 in 2011–12(12).

2.1.2 Ageing population

Between 1994 and 2014 the proportion of the Australian population aged 65 years and over increased from 11.8% to 14.7%, and the population over 85 years almost doubled from 1% in 1994 to 1.9% in 2014(13). These numbers are projected to increase; with the proportion of the population aged over 65 being 22%, and over 85 being 5%, by 2061(11). This ageing population is projected to have implications in many areas, including health. Challenges to the healthcare system include changing health profiles, increased demand for health service use and rising health costs. Not only will there be growth in age related health problem such as dementia, arthritis and cancer, but an increase in diseases such as type 2 diabetes, as the ‘younger’ population, who have a higher incidence of lifestyle related disease, enter the 65 and over age bracket(12).


22.1.3 Chronic disease and multiple morbidities

In 2007-08, 35% of the population of Australia has at least one chronic disease, and 2% of the population reported four or more concurrent conditions. The likelihood of having a chronic disease increases with age, as does the likelihood of having multiple chronic conditions, with 8% of the population over 65 reporting four or more chronic conditions(14).

3. The Health Professionals Prescribing Pathway With increases in population, aged patients and multiple chronic disease states, there is a growing demand for healthcare. One way to meet this demand is by both optimising and extending the scope of practice of health professionals. One such possible area of extension is prescribing, and a number of health professionals, for example optometrists, podiatrists and nurse practitioners, have already been granted prescribing authority.

With the expansion of prescribing rights to non-medical prescribers, there is a need to ensure that health professionals authorised to prescribe are trained in such a way that they become safe, effective and appropriate prescribers. In order to provide a nationally consistent approach to non-medical prescribing in Australia, Health Workforce Australia published the Health Professionals Prescribing Pathway (HPPP)(1).

The HPPP outlines a prescribing framework that is applicable to health professionals registered under the National Registration and Accreditation Scheme, other than medical practitioners, and addresses five steps to safe and competent prescribing.

1. Complete education and training 2. Obtain recognition from the National Board of competence to prescribe 3. Ensure authorisation to prescribe 4. Maintain and enhance competence to prescribe 5. Prescribe medicines within scope of practice The pathway also defines three safe prescribing models by health professionals:

1. Autonomous prescribing

Prescribing occurs where a prescriber undertakes prescribing within their scope of practice without the approval or supervision of another health professional. The prescriber has been educated and authorised to autonomously prescribe in a specific area of clinical practice. Although the prescriber may prescribe autonomously, they recognise the role of all members of the health care team and ensure appropriate communication occurs between team members and the person taking medicine.

An example of autonomous prescribing is an optometrist with a scheduled medicines endorsement, who is authorised to independently write a PBS prescription for a medicine from the Optometry Board of Australia approved list of schedule 4 medicines. This can occur without supervision of a medical practitioner or use of a pre-agreed prescribing guideline, protocol or standing order.

2. Prescribing under supervision

Prescribing occurs where a prescriber undertakes prescribing within their scope of practice under the supervision of another authorised health professional. The supervised prescriber has been


educated to prescribe, and has a limited authorisation to prescribe medicines that is determined by legislation, requirements of the National Board and policies of the jurisdiction, employer or health service. The prescriber and supervisor recognise their role in their health care team and ensure appropriate communication occurs between team members and the person taking medicine.

An example of prescribing under supervision is a physician’s assistant (PA), working in a remote regional hospital, writing an inpatient prescription in accordance with an endorsed Practice Plan, which has been developed by the PA’s principal and secondary supervising medical practitioners.

3. Prescribing via a structured prescribing arrangement

Prescribing occurs where a prescriber with a limited authorisation to prescribe medicines by legislation, requirements of the National Board and policies of the jurisdiction or health service prescribes medicines under a guideline, protocol or standing order. A structured prescribing arrangement should be documented sufficiently to describe the responsibilities of the prescriber(s) involved and the communication that occurs between team members and the person taking medicine.

An example of prescribing under a structured prescribing arrangement is a paramedic administering a scheduled medicine, in response to an emergency situation, in accordance with a Queensland Ambulance Service Drug Therapy Protocol.

It is important to note that health professionals may work within more than one model of prescribing in their clinical practice.

44. National Prescribing Competencies In addition to establishing a prescribing pathway for non-medical prescribers, it is imperative to establish safe and effective prescribing practice and ensure that all practitioners are competent in their prescribing role.

Guidance to prescribing has previously been provided in the form of such publications as the World Health Organisation’s (WHO)‘Guide to Good Prescribing’(15). In 2012 the National Prescribing Service (NPS) published ‘Competencies Required to Prescribe Medicines -Putting quality use of medicines into practice’. Although it uses the WHO manual as a basis, this national Prescribing Competencies Framework is tailored specifically to the Australian healthcare system(2).

The Prescribing Competencies Framework aims to describe foundation competencies for autonomous prescribing; describing the knowledge, skills and behaviours that practitioners, who work to an acceptable standard, are expected to demonstrate. The framework has seven competency areas; five of which are related directly to prescribing and two horizontal competency areas which detail general professional competencies. The horizontal competency areas describe activities that the health practitioner should incorporate during the prescribing process.

Each competency area is divided into elements, which describe the specific processes, actions and tasks that health professionals carry out when prescribing. The elements are further broken down to performance criteria, which describe observable behaviours or results that are expected of competent prescribers(2). Individual performance criteria have evidence examples which can assist in the assessment of prescribing performance.


Whilst it is not the intention of the Prescribing Competencies Framework to act as a curriculum, it provides a useful standard, and could be used in the development of prescriber training programs or to assess prescribing performance.

55. Allied Health Prescribing in Queensland In Queensland the authority to prescribe is legislated under the Health (Drugs and Poisons) Regulation 1996 (HDPR)(4). Under this legislation podiatrists and optometrists already have limited prescribing authority. Optometrists who have a scheduled medicines endorsement to their general registration are authorised, under the Ocular Therapeutics Protocol(16), to prescribe those topical drugs specified by the Optometry Board of Australia. The qualifications and requirements for endorsement, as well as the list of drugs, are stated in the Optometry Board of Australia’s Endorsement for scheduled medicines registration standard(17).

Similarly in Queensland, podiatrists with a scheduled medicines endorsement to their general registration are authorised to prescribe from a list of medicines defined in appendix 2C of the HDPR ‘Restricted drugs and poisons for endorsed podiatrists and trainee endorsed podiatrists’(4). The qualifications and requirements for endorsement are detailed in the Podiatry Board of Australia’s Endorsement for scheduled medicines registration standard(18).

Physiotherapists in Queensland are authorised to administer a schedule 2 poison, but not to prescribe any medicine or poison. The Physiotherapy Board of Australia is, however, investigating the possibility of application to the Australian Health Workforce Ministerial Council for approval of physiotherapy endorsement to registration to prescribe scheduled medicines(19).

There is also evidence of pharmacists moving into the prescribing arena in Queensland. Hale et al have published two trials involving pharmacist prescribing in a preadmission clinic (20, 21).

The Ministerial Taskforce final report on health practitioner expanded scope of practice(3), found that allied health professionals within Queensland Health were not performing the full range of duties and tasks appropriate to their level of education and training. The report detailed a number of areas that scope of practice could be extended, including prescribing, and gave a number of allied health prescribing examples.

Queensland Health have further supported the development of allied health prescribing through the provision of scholarship funding for Queensland Health employees to undertake an Allied Health Prescribing Training Program(22). The program, run as a pilot by Queensland University of Technology (QUT)(23), was designed to educate allied health professionals to undertake prescribing in a range of trials that are currently underway in Queensland. The course consists of two modules; ‘Introduction to clinical therapeutics for prescribers’ and ‘Prescribing and Quality Use of Medicine’.

Any prescribing by allied health professionals in Queensland, not already authorised under the HDPR, must be undertaken within a formal research framework. Approval of the Chief Health Officer, under section 18 of the HDPR, must be obtained to enable individual health professionals to prescribe. The Allied Health Professions’ Office of Queensland have developed a framework, which describes the process by which such trials can be implemented(5).


6. Speech Pathology 6.1 Background Information

The number of speech pathologists in Australia is estimated to be over 7,000(24). Whilst workforce shortages were experienced for a number of years at the start of the millennium, the latest skill shortage occupational report from March 2014 lists speech pathology as ‘no shortage’. The same document also shows an increase in the number of commencements and completions for domestic students in speech pathology higher education(25).

6.1.1 National Bodies/Registration

There is no speech pathology board established under the National Law(26), and hence no legal requirement for speech pathologists to be registered in Australia.

National representation is provided by Speech Pathology Australia (SPA), which is the major body for speech pathologists in Australia, with over 6,500 members(27). SPA has a number of functions including advocacy, representation to government and key stakeholders, governance of ethical and clinical standards of members and provision of professional development activities.

SPA is a self-regulating body and is committed to ensuring a high standard of ethical and clinical practice by its members. A regulatory framework is provided in the form of professional standards, a Code of Ethics and a Professional Self-Regulation (PSR) program. The PSR program encourages members to take responsibility for their own continuing professional development (CPD), and enables members to accrue points for CPD activities undertaken. Practising SPA members who meet the requirements of the PSR program can earn status as a Certified Practising Speech Pathologist (CPSP).

6.1.2 Education and Training

SPA is the accrediting body for programs of study leading to the speech pathology qualification in Australia.

The profession of speech pathology can be entered via one of two routes; completion of a four year accredited undergraduate Bachelor degree, or a two year accredited postgraduate Master’s degree. Both routes produce entry level graduates, who are sufficiently competent to provide patient services, commensurate with an entry level practitioner, without any period of formal internship or supervision.

6.1.3 Current Prescribing Status

Speech pathologists currently have no prescribing authority in Queensland or Australia.

6.1.4 Prescribing potential

There are a number of medicines that speech pathologists could potentially prescribe within their scope of practice, these include the following:

Oral antifungal agents such as nystatin for the treatment of oral candidiasis in radiation oncology patients, and amphotericin B for the prevention and treatment of candida infections in laryngectomy patients

Topical anaesthetics such as lignocaine for changing voice prostheses or passing nasendoscopes


Topical corticosteroids such as Kenacomb®(triamcinolone, neomycin, nystatin and gramicidin) ointment to treat granulation tissue around tracheoesophageal puncture/voice prosthesis for laryngectomy patients

6.2 Prescribing Competence in Speech Pathology

In order to consider the prescribing potential of the speech pathologist, and to identify options in Queensland relating to prescribing authority, it is necessary to review the current status of speech pathology qualifications and evaluate their capacity to provide the skills, knowledge and behaviours necessary to become a competent prescriber. As discussed previously, such competence is described in the Prescribing Competencies Framework. If the current training requirements and professional standards for speech pathologists are mapped against the Prescribing Competencies Framework, it will be possible to evaluate the current prescribing capability of speech pathologists and identify any gaps in capability that may need to be addressed.

6.2.1 Speech pathology training requirements and professional standards which define professional capability

All entry level degree programs in Australia, accredited by SPA, are assessed against the 2011 Competency Based Occupational Standards for Speech Pathologists (CBOS 2011)(28). In order to be accredited, speech pathology programs of study have to demonstrate that their graduates attain these competencies. The standards detail the knowledge, skills and professional standards required for entry level practice. All practising speech pathologists should, therefore, have minimum standards of practice commensurate with CBOS 2011.

In addition to the CBOS 2011, SPA also produces the speech pathology Code of Ethics, this document contains the principles, values and standards that define acceptable professional behaviour(29). SPA member speech pathologists are expected to ‘read, understand and apply the Code of Ethics within all professional interactions’.

These two professional standards define the competencies and practice requirements of a speech pathologist. It is, therefore, reasonable to assume that if both CBOS 2011 and the Code of Ethics are mapped against the Prescribing Competencies Framework, a clearer picture of prescribing readiness will emerge.

6.3 Speech Pathology Competency Mapping

6.3.1 Methodology

Both the CBOS 2011 and the SPA Code of Ethics were mapped against individual performance criteria for every element within the Prescribing Competencies Framework. This mapping is shown in table A1, appendix A. The comments section of the table denotes whether statements identified in either one or both of the professional standards can be considered to map completely, partly, or not at all with the Prescribing Competencies Framework. The comments section is colour coded as follows:

Green denotes that a particular prescribing competency performance criterion maps well, and is covered sufficiently by either one or both of the standards

Orange denotes that the particular prescribing competency performance criterion is covered partly by either one or both of the standards


Red denotes that the particular prescribing competency performance criterion cannot be identified in either of the standards

To provide additional education and training information relevant to the review, the learning objectives from a SPA accredited speech pathology program of study were also mapped against the Prescribing Competencies Framework elements. Learning objectives from The University of Queensland Bachelor of Speech Pathology (Honours) were mapped as a representative program of study.

6.3.2 Results

PProfessional Standards Mapping

Table 1 provides a summary of the mapping results. The table shows competencies from the Prescribing Competencies Framework separated into different categories, and indicates which of the prescribing competencies within each category are covered completely, partly, or not at all by the speech pathology standards. It should be noted that the capability assumptions made in the mapping process are based purely on information obtained from the speech pathology standards, and not on review of actual practice.

Interaction and communication with patients

Prescribing competencies relating to communication style and therapeutic partnership with patients and carers map well, as do the prescribing competencies relating to respect for the patient and providing clear written and verbal information to enable informed decision making.

Competencies that are not covered by the speech pathology standards are exploring and responding to patient concerns, considering the power differential between the health professional and the patient and ascertaining that information has been understood correctly.

Interaction and communication with other health professionals

Prescribing competencies relating to provision of information to, and collaboration with, other health professionals map well. Competencies not covered are responding appropriately to communication and confirming understanding of information provided by other health professionals.

Assessment and diagnosis

Assessment and diagnosis competencies are generally covered well by speech pathology standards. Prescribing competencies only partly covered include reviewing and interpreting information from the person’s heath record and obtaining information from the patient. The speech pathology standards do not detail the specifics of the information to be obtained from the patient such as medicines, allergies, alcohol and substance abuse; information that is vital when prescribing a medicine.

The only prescribing competency not covered in this category was the assessment of a patient’s risk factors for poor adherence.


Therapeutic choice and initiation

Competencies that map completely include recognising when non pharmacological treatment is appropriate, supplementing verbal with written information, referral when treatment is outside scope of practice and developing a treatment plan in partnership with the patient.

Whilst the speech pathology standards detail planning and implementation of interventions, many of the prescribing competencies in his category are only partly covered, because they specifically relate to selection of medicine. These include identification of suitable medicine options, discussion of medicine options with the patient, reaching agreement with the patient about medicine choice and consulting other health professionals about potential medicines. In addition, the prescribing competency relating to recognising when it is clinically appropriate not to intervene is only partly covered by the speech pathology standards.

Not surprisingly, prescribing competencies specifically relating to medicine selection and ordering were not identified in the speech pathology standards. These include medicine information and knowledge, application of Quality Use of Medicines (QUM) principles, obtaining approval for medicine use and providing appropriate medication orders. Other competencies unable to be identified relate to interaction with the patient regarding initiation of medicine. These include negotiating therapeutic goals that facilitate self-management, allowing the patient time to make a decision, stopping or modifying existing medicines and ensuring patient understanding of therapeutic goals, management and how to use the medicine safely and effectively.

Review and adjustment of therapy

Prescribing competencies covered well in this category are development of a review plan, observation of patient response to therapy, discussing review findings with the patient, modification of the treatment plan if necessary and reporting issues arising from the review.

Partly covered prescribing competencies are; discussing response to treatment with the patient and other health professionals, and synthesising information obtained regarding the response to determine whether any changes to therapy were required.

Prescribing competencies unable to be identified in the speech pathology standards are obtaining additional information to assess response to therapy, identifying if the patient requires a comprehensive medicines review and organising the next review.

Legal and professional requirements

Prescribing competencies relating to scope of practice, professional standards, codes of conduct and accountability map completely with the speech pathology standards.

Competencies that map partly include maintenance of records, adherence to requirements for consent, demonstrating respect for scope of practice of other health professionals and implementing strategies to address potential prescribing bias. The prescribing competency relating to ongoing professional development with respect to prescribing practices maps partly. Although the speech pathology standards cover CPD requirements, prescribing is currently not within scope of practice, so is not covered by CPD statements. If prescribing becomes an activity within scope of practice, then this competency will map fully.


Legal and professional competencies that could not be identified in the speech pathology standards are those relating to knowledge and compliance with legislation, policies and procedures relating to prescribing. In addition competencies relating to interpretation and application of guidelines and protocols, and contribution to the improvement of policies and procedures relating to medicines use, did not map.

Page

| 2

4 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

Tabl

e 1:

Spe

ech

path

olog

y m

appi

ng su

mm

ary:

ext

ent t

o w

hich

the

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fra

mew

ork

is co

vere

d by

the

spee

ch p

atho

logy

stan

dard

s

Inte

ract

ion

and

com

mun

icatio

n w

ith p

atie

nts

Pres

crib

ing

com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

com

plet

ely

1.1.

1

Uses

app

ropr

iate

com

mun

icat

ion

stra

tegi

es to

est

ablis

h a

ther

apeu

tic p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

H2

.2.1

Invo

lves

the

pers

on’s

fam

ily o

r car

ers i

n th

e co

nsul

tatio

n w

here

app

ropr

iate

H2

.2.3

Est

ablis

hes a

ther

apeu

tic p

artn

ersh

ip th

at a

ccor

ds w

ith th

e pr

efer

ence

s exp

ress

ed b

y th

e pe

rson

H2

.3.1

Res

pect

s the

per

son’

s val

ues,

belie

fs, a

nd e

xper

ienc

es

H2.3

.2 R

espe

cts t

he p

erso

n’s p

rivac

y an

d co

nfid

entia

lity

H2.3

.3 R

espe

cts t

he p

erso

n’s h

ealth

care

dec

ision

s H2

.4.1

Ass

esse

s the

per

son’

s pre

ferr

ed la

ngua

ge, c

omm

unica

tion

styl

e, c

omm

unic

atio

n ca

pabi

litie

s, an

d he

alth

lite

racy

, and

adj

usts

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n co

mm

unic

atio

n st

yle

to in

tera

ct e

ffect

ivel

y w

ith th

em

H2.4

.3 P

rovi

des c

lear

and

app

ropr

iate

writ

ten

and

verb

al in

form

atio

n to

the

pers

on to

ena

ble

them

to m

ake

info

rmed

choi

ces a

nd a

chie

ve o

ptim

al h

ealth

out

com

es

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

par

tly

Nil

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s not

iden

tifie

d H2

.2.2

Exp

lore

s and

resp

onds

app

ropr

iate

ly to

the

pers

on’s

conc

erns

and

exp

ecta

tions

rega

rdin

g:

th

e co

nsul

tatio

n

thei

r hea

lth

th

eir o

wn

role

and

that

of h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls in

man

agin

g th

eir h

ealth

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

scop

e of

pra

ctic

e

the

use

of m

edici

nes a

nd o

ther

trea

tmen

ts to

mai

ntai

n th

eir h

ealth

H2

.4.2

Con

sider

s the

pot

entia

l iss

ue o

f per

ceiv

ed p

ower

diff

eren

ces b

etw

een

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal a

nd th

e pe

rson

H2

.4.4

Asc

erta

ins t

hat t

he in

form

atio

n pr

ovid

ed h

as b

een

rece

ived

and

und

erst

ood

corr

ectly

In

tera

ctio

n an

d co

mm

unica

tion

with

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls Pr

escr

ibin

g co

mpe

tenc

ies c

over

ed c

ompl

etel

y 4.

2.1

Pr

ovid

es in

form

atio

n fo

r col

labo

ratio

n to

mem

bers

of i

nter

-pro

fess

iona

l hea

lthca

re te

ams b

oth

with

in fa

ciliti

es a

nd th

e co

mm

unity

H2

.5.1

Eng

ages

in o

pen,

inte

ract

ive

disc

ussio

ns w

ith o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

invo

lved

in c

arin

g fo

r the

per

son

H2.5

.4 P

rovi

des c

lear

ver

bal a

nd w

ritte

n in

form

atio

n to

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls by

secu

re m

eans

whe

n im

plem

entin

g ne

w tr

eatm

ents

with

med

icine

s or m

odify

ing

exist

ing

trea

tmen

t pla

ns

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

par

tly

Nil

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s not

iden

tifie

d H2

.5.2

Con

firm

s tha

t the

ir ow

n un

ders

tand

ing

of in

form

atio

n pr

ovid

ed b

y ot

her h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls is

corr

ect

H2.5

.3 R

espo

nds a

ppro

pria

tely

to co

mm

unic

atio

n in

itiat

ed b

y ot

her h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls

Page

| 2

5 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

Asse

ssm

ent a

nd d

iagn

osis

Pres

crib

ing

com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

com

plet

ely

1.2.

1

Cond

ucts

an

asse

ssm

ent t

hat i

s app

ropr

iate

to b

oth

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

scop

e of

pra

ctic

e an

d th

e pe

rson

’s cli

nica

l con

text

1.

2.5

As

cert

ains

that

suffi

cien

t inf

orm

atio

n ha

s bee

n ob

tain

ed a

bout

the

pers

on’s

co-e

xist

ing

cond

ition

s and

curr

ent t

reat

men

ts to

iden

tify

poss

ible

risk

s and

co

ntra

indi

catio

ns fo

r tre

atm

ent

1.2.

6

Perf

orm

s clin

ical

exa

min

atio

ns th

at a

re w

ithin

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n sc

ope

of p

ract

ice a

nd re

leva

nt to

the

pers

on’s

prob

lem

and

inte

rpre

ts th

e fin

ding

s of t

hese

ex

amin

atio

ns

1.3.

1

Synt

hesis

es in

form

atio

n fr

om th

e co

mpr

ehen

sive

asse

ssm

ent a

nd d

evel

ops p

rovi

siona

l and

diff

eren

tial d

iagn

oses

1.

3.2

De

velo

ps a

dia

gnos

tic st

rate

gy a

nd p

erfo

rms r

elev

ant i

nves

tigat

ions

1.

3.3

Ex

plai

ns th

e cli

nica

l iss

ues a

nd th

eir i

mpl

icat

ions

to th

e pe

rson

Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies c

over

ed p

artly

1.

2.2

Re

view

s and

inte

rpre

ts in

form

atio

n in

the

pers

on’s

heal

th re

cord

s 1.

2.3

O

btai

ns re

leva

nt in

form

atio

n fro

m th

e pe

rson

abo

ut th

eir m

edici

nes,

and

thei

r med

ical

and

clin

ical

hist

ory,

incl

udin

g th

eir c

o-ex

istin

g co

nditi

ons,

trea

tmen

ts, a

lcoho

l an

d su

bsta

nce

use,

alle

rgie

s and

socia

l con

text

Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies n

ot id

entif

ied

1.2.

4

Asse

sses

the

pers

on’s

risk

fact

ors f

or p

oor a

dher

ence

; for

exa

mpl

e so

cial i

sola

tion,

phy

sical

impa

irmen

t, co

gniti

ve im

pairm

ent o

r dist

urba

nce,

low

Eng

lish

prof

icien

cy,

low

hea

lth li

tera

cy, f

inan

cial

disa

dvan

tage

Th

erap

eutic

cho

ice

and

initi

atio

n Pr

escr

ibin

g co

mpe

tenc

ies c

over

ed c

ompl

etel

y 2.

1.2

Re

cogn

ises w

hen

it is

clini

cally

app

ropr

iate

to im

plem

ent n

on-p

harm

acol

ogica

l tre

atm

ents

2.

2.7

Su

pple

men

ts v

erba

l inf

orm

atio

n w

ith w

ritte

n in

form

atio

n ab

out t

he co

nditi

on a

nd tr

eatm

ent o

ptio

ns (w

here

app

ropr

iate

) 2.

2.9

Re

fers

the

pers

on fo

r fur

ther

ass

essm

ent o

r tre

atm

ent w

hen

the

suita

ble

trea

tmen

t opt

ions

are

out

side

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n sc

ope

of p

ract

ice

3.2.

4

Deve

lops

the

trea

tmen

t pla

n in

par

tner

ship

with

the

pers

on

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

par

tly

2.1.

1

Reco

gnise

s whe

n it

is cli

nica

lly a

ppro

pria

te n

ot to

inte

rven

e; fo

r exa

mpl

e, in

cas

es w

here

the

signs

and

sym

ptom

s are

like

ly to

reso

lve

with

out t

reat

men

t 2.

2.1

In

tegr

ates

kno

wle

dge

of p

harm

acol

ogy,

oth

er b

iom

edic

al sc

ienc

es, c

linica

l med

icine

, and

ther

apeu

tics a

nd id

entif

ies m

edici

nes s

uita

ble

for t

reat

ing

the

cond

ition

2.

2.2

O

btai

ns, i

nter

pret

s, an

d ap

plie

s cur

rent

evi

denc

e an

d in

form

atio

n ab

out m

edici

nes t

o in

form

dec

ision

s abo

ut in

corp

orat

ing

med

icine

s int

o th

e pe

rson

’s tr

eatm

ent p

lan

2.2.

3

Iden

tifie

s med

icine

s opt

ions

that

are

like

ly to

pro

vide

ther

apeu

tical

ly e

ffect

ive

and

safe

trea

tmen

t and

tailo

rs th

e m fo

r the

per

son

2.2.

4

Cons

ider

s the

cost

and

affo

rdab

ility

of t

he m

edici

nes t

o th

e pe

rson

2.

2.5

Co

nsid

ers t

he im

plica

tions

to th

e w

ider

com

mun

ity o

f usin

g a

part

icul

ar m

edic

ine

to tr

eat t

he p

erso

n 2.

2.6

Di

scus

ses t

he tr

eatm

ent o

ptio

ns a

nd m

edici

nes w

ith th

e pe

rson

, con

sider

ing:

the

prio

ritie

s for

trea

ting

thei

r cur

rent

con

ditio

n an

d co

-exi

stin

g co

nditi

ons;

thei

r re

adin

ess t

o ad

dres

s the

curr

ent c

ondi

tion;

thei

r exp

ecta

tions

of t

reat

men

t 3.

2.1

Ex

plor

es th

e pe

rson

’s op

inio

ns a

nd p

refe

renc

es co

ncer

ning

med

icine

s and

the

trea

tmen

t pla

n 3.

2.2

Co

nsul

ts o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

abou

t pot

entia

l med

icin

es a

nd th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

3.2.

3

Reac

hes a

gree

men

t with

the

pers

on a

bout

med

icine

s to

be u

sed

to tr

eat t

heir

cond

ition

Page

| 2

6 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

Ther

apeu

tic c

hoic

e an

d in

itiat

ion

Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies n

ot id

entif

ied

2.2.

8

Allo

ws t

he p

erso

n tim

e to

mak

e an

info

rmed

dec

ision

abo

ut th

eir t

reat

men

t 3.

1.1

Ne

gotia

tes t

hera

peut

ic go

als t

hat e

nhan

ce th

e pe

rson

’s se

lf-m

anag

emen

t of t

heir

cond

ition

3.

1.2

As

cert

ains

that

all

part

ies h

ave

a co

mm

on u

nder

stan

ding

of t

he th

erap

eutic

goa

ls an

d ho

w th

ey w

ill b

e m

anag

ed

3.2.

5

Obt

ains

app

rova

l to

use

the

med

icine

s (w

here

rele

vant

) 3.

2.6

St

ops o

r mod

ifies

the

pers

on’s

exist

ing

med

icine

s and

oth

er m

anag

emen

t str

ateg

ies i

f req

uire

d 3.

2.7

En

sure

s the

per

son

unde

rsta

nds t

he tr

eatm

ent p

lan

and

how

to u

se th

e m

edici

ne sa

fely

and

effe

ctiv

ely

4.1.

1

Prep

ares

pre

scrip

tions

or m

edic

atio

n or

ders

that

com

ply

with

rele

vant

legi

slatio

n, g

uide

lines

or c

odes

of p

ract

ice, a

nd o

rgan

isatio

nal p

olici

es a

nd p

roce

dure

s 4.

1.2

Pr

ovid

es a

ccur

ate

and

clear

ver

bal m

edica

tion

orde

rs th

at co

mpl

y w

ith re

leva

nt le

gisla

tion,

gui

delin

es o

r cod

es o

f pra

ctice

and

org

anisa

tiona

l pol

icies

and

pro

cedu

res

(whe

re re

leva

nt)

H1.4

.1 A

pplie

s qua

lity

use

of m

edici

nes p

rinci

ples

whe

n pr

escr

ibin

g m

edici

nes

H1.4

.2 Id

entif

ies c

omm

on c

ause

s of m

edici

nes e

rror

s and

adv

erse

eve

nts,

and

impl

emen

ts st

rate

gies

to re

duce

the

risks

of t

hese

occ

urrin

g H1

.4.3

Dem

onst

rate

s kno

wle

dge

of th

e m

edic

ines

com

mon

ly p

resc

ribed

H1

.4.4

Crit

ically

eva

luat

es in

form

atio

n ab

out m

edici

nes a

nd m

akes

evi

denc

e-ba

sed

decis

ions

abo

ut m

edici

nes i

n th

e he

alth

pro

fess

iona

l’s o

wn

prac

tice

Revi

ew a

nd a

djus

tmen

t of t

hera

py

Pres

crib

ing

com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

com

plet

ely

3.3.

1

Iden

tifie

s the

nee

d fo

r, an

d de

velo

ps a

revi

ew p

lan

5.1.

1

Obs

erve

s the

per

son

to a

scer

tain

thei

r res

pons

e to

trea

tmen

t (w

here

rele

vant

) 5.

2.1

Di

scus

ses t

he fi

ndin

gs o

f the

revi

ew w

ith th

e pe

rson

5.

2.3

W

orks

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

and

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls to

mod

ify th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

to o

ptim

ise th

e sa

fety

and

effe

ctiv

enes

s of t

reat

men

t (w

here

re

leva

nt)

5.2.

4

Repo

rts i

ssue

s aris

ing

from

the

revi

ew

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

par

tly

5.1.

2

Disc

usse

s with

the

pers

on a

nd o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals,

thei

r:

expe

rienc

e w

ith im

plem

entin

g th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

ad

here

nce,

inclu

ding

any

issu

es a

risin

g an

d po

ssib

le w

ays t

o im

prov

e ad

here

nce

pe

rcep

tion

or o

bser

vatio

n of

the

med

icine

s’ be

nefit

s and

adv

erse

effe

cts

as

sess

men

t of w

heth

er th

e th

erap

eutic

goa

ls ha

ve b

een

achi

eved

5.1.

4

Synt

hesis

es in

form

atio

n pr

ovid

ed b

y th

e pe

rson

, oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls, a

nd fr

om cl

inica

l exa

min

atio

ns a

nd in

vest

igat

ions

to d

eter

min

e w

heth

er:

th

e th

erap

eutic

goa

ls ha

ve b

een

achi

eved

trea

tmen

t sho

uld

be st

oppe

d, m

odifi

ed o

r con

tinue

d

the

pers

on sh

ould

be

refe

rred

to a

noth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

l

Page

| 2

7 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

Revi

ew a

nd a

djus

tmen

t of t

hera

py

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s not

iden

tifie

d 5.

1.3

O

btai

ns a

dditi

onal

info

rmat

ion

to a

sses

s whe

ther

the

ther

apeu

tic g

oals

have

bee

n ac

hiev

ed b

y ex

amin

ing

the

pers

on, r

eque

stin

g in

vest

igat

ions

, and

inte

rpre

ting

the

findi

ngs (

whe

re re

leva

nt)

5.2.

2

Iden

tifie

s if t

he p

erso

n re

quire

s a co

mpr

ehen

sive

med

icin

es re

view

5.

2.5

Or

gani

ses t

he n

ext r

evie

w

Lega

l and

pro

fess

iona

l req

uire

men

ts

Pres

crib

ing

com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

com

plet

ely

H1.2

.1 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

and

com

plia

nce

with

:

prof

essio

nal s

tand

ards

code

s of c

ondu

ct

sc

ope

of p

ract

ice st

atem

ents

or g

uide

lines

H1.2

.2 P

ract

ices w

ithin

the

limits

of t

he h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

l’s o

wn

educ

atio

n, tr

aini

ng a

nd sc

ope

of p

ract

ice

H1.2

.4 A

ccep

ts re

spon

sibili

ty a

nd is

acc

ount

able

for t

he ca

re p

rovi

ded

to th

e pe

rson

Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies c

over

ed p

artly

H1

.1.2

Mai

ntai

ns a

ccur

ate

and

com

plet

e re

cord

s of:

th

e co

nsul

tatio

n

clin

ical

exa

min

atio

ns a

nd in

vest

igat

ion

resu

lts

ris

k fa

ctor

s for

med

icine

s misa

dven

ture

the

pers

on’s

decis

ion

to d

eclin

e tr

eatm

ent (

whe

re re

leva

nt)

ch

ange

s to

the

pers

on’s

med

icine

s man

agem

ent p

lan,

inclu

ding

the

ratio

nale

beh

ind

thes

e ch

ange

s

the

revi

ew p

lan,

reco

mm

enda

tions

, and

dat

e fo

r nex

t rev

iew

outc

omes

of t

reat

men

t

H1.2

.3 D

emon

stra

tes r

espe

ct fo

r the

scop

e of

pra

ctice

of o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

and

thei

r con

trib

utio

n w

ithin

a co

llabo

rativ

e ca

re m

odel

, par

ticul

arly

that

of t

he p

erso

n’s

mai

n he

alth

care

pro

vide

r H1

.5.1

Eng

ages

in o

ngoi

ng p

rofe

ssio

nal d

evel

opm

ent a

nd e

duca

tion

to im

prov

e pr

escr

ibin

g pr

actic

es

H1.6

.1 Im

plem

ents

stra

tegi

es to

add

ress

influ

ence

s tha

t may

bia

s pre

scrib

ing

deci

sions

, inc

ludi

ng:

m

arke

ting

influ

ence

s

Poss

ible

per

sona

l, pr

ofes

siona

l or f

inan

cial

gai

n

Conf

licts

of i

nter

est

Th

e he

alth

pro

fess

iona

l’s o

wn

belie

fs, v

alue

s, an

d ex

perie

nces

Page

| 2

8 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

H2

.1.1

Adh

eres

to le

gisla

tive

and

wor

kpla

ce re

quire

men

ts fo

r obt

aini

ng a

nd re

cord

ing

cons

ent f

or:

Ac

cess

ing

heal

th re

cord

s

obta

inin

g in

form

atio

n fr

om, a

nd p

rovi

ding

info

rmat

ion

to, o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

co

nduc

ting

a cli

nica

l exa

min

atio

n

prov

idin

g cli

nica

l ser

vice

s

the

pote

ntia

l ben

efits

and

har

ms

Lega

l and

pro

fess

iona

l req

uire

men

ts

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s not

iden

tifie

d H1

.1.1

Dem

onst

rate

s kno

wle

dge

of, a

nd co

mpl

ies w

ith, l

egisl

atio

n, re

gula

tions

, and

com

mon

law

app

licab

le to

pre

scrib

ing

(as f

urth

er d

efin

ed b

y th

e kn

owle

dge

subs

ectio

n of

th

is co

mpe

tenc

y ar

ea)

H1.3

.1 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

and

com

plie

s with

nat

iona

l, st

ate

and

terr

itory

, and

facil

ity p

olic

ies a

nd p

roce

dure

s in

rela

tion

to p

resc

ribin

g H1

.3.2

Dem

onst

rate

s app

ropr

iate

pro

fess

iona

l jud

gem

ent w

hen

inte

rpre

ting

and

appl

ying

gui

delin

es a

nd p

roto

cols

to th

e pe

rson

’s sit

uatio

n H1

.3.3

Con

trib

utes

to th

e im

prov

emen

t of p

olic

ies a

nd p

roce

dure

s for

the

judi

ciou

s, ap

prop

riate

, saf

e an

d ef

fect

ive

use

of m

edici

nes


LLearning Outcomes Mapping The learning outcomes were mapped at an element level to provide additional information regarding pre-entry education and training. The results of the mapping for the University of Queensland Bachelor of Speech Pathology (Honours) program of study are shown in table A2, appendix A.

The following Prescribing Competencies Framework elements were not identified in the learning objectives:


Element 5.1: Obtains information to assess the person’s response to treatment

Element 5.2: Works in partnership with the person and other health professionals to address issues arising from the review

Element H1.4: Practices quality use of medicines principles

Element H1.6: Addresses the potential for bias in prescribing decisions

Element H2.1: Obtains consent to provide clinical services to the person

Mapping speech pathology prescribing capability against Prescribing Models To provide additional information to identify the prescribing capabilities of speech pathologists, the performance criteria of the Prescribing Competencies Framework were mapped against the HPPP models of prescribing. The results from the speech pathology mapping were then included to create a summary table (table 2).This table builds a clearer picture of the competency expectations dependent on the prescribing model, and indicates current gaps in speech pathology prescribing competence.

Page

| 3

0 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

Tabl

e 2:

Rel

atio

nshi

p be

twee

n th

e Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies F

ram

ewor

k, th

e HP

PP p

resc

ribin

g m

odel

s and

the

prof

essio

nal s

tand

ards

for s

peec

h pa

thol

ogist

s

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Com

pete

ncy

Area

1 U

nder

stan

ds th

e pe

rson

and

thei

r clin

ical n

eeds

Elem

ent 1

.1 E

stab

lishe

s a th

erap

eutic

par

tner

ship

with

the

pers

on a

nd a

colla

bora

tive

rela

tions

hip

with

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls

1.1.

1 Us

es a

ppro

pria

te

com

mun

icat

ion

stra

tegi

es to

es

tabl

ish a

ther

apeu

tic p

artn

ersh

ip

with

the

pers

on

Elem

ent 1

.2 P

erfo

rms a

com

preh

ensiv

e m

edic

ines

ass

essm

ent t

o ob

tain

info

rmat

ion

to u

nder

stan

d th

e pe

rson

’s cl

inica

l nee

ds a

nd co

ntex

t

1.2.

1 Co

nduc

ts a

n as

sess

men

t tha

t is

appr

opria

te to

bot

h th

e he

alth

pr

ofes

siona

l’s sc

ope

of p

ract

ice a

nd

the

pers

on’s

clini

cal c

onte

xt

1.2.

2 Re

view

s and

inte

rpre

ts

info

rmat

ion

in th

e pe

rson

’s he

alth

re

cord

s

Not

es

In

dica

tes a

per

form

ance

crit

erio

n co

nsid

ered

ess

entia

l for

that

mod

el o

f pre

scrib

ing

In

dica

tes a

per

form

ance

crit

erio

n no

t con

sider

ed e

ssen

tial f

or th

at m

odel

of p

resc

ribin

g

# Ac

cord

ing

to re

leva

nt le

gisla

tion.

Not

e ac

cord

ing

to th

e Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies F

ram

ewor

k, a

pre

scrip

tion

may

pro

vide

an

orde

r to

adm

inist

er, r

athe

r th

an d

ispen

se.

Page

| 3

1 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

1.2.

3 O

btai

ns re

leva

nt in

form

atio

n fr

om th

e pe

rson

abo

ut th

eir

med

icin

es, a

nd th

eir m

edic

al a

nd

clin

ical

hist

ory,

inclu

ding

thei

r co-

exist

ing

cond

ition

s, tr

eatm

ents

, al

coho

l and

subs

tanc

e us

e, a

llerg

ies

and

soci

al co

ntex

t

1.2.

4 As

sess

es th

e pe

rson

’s ris

k fa

ctor

s for

poo

r adh

eren

ce; f

or

exam

ple

soci

al is

olat

ion,

phy

sical

im

pairm

ent,

cogn

itive

impa

irmen

t or

dist

urba

nce,

low

Eng

lish

prof

icien

cy,

low

hea

lth li

tera

cy, f

inan

cial

di

sadv

anta

ge

1.2.

5 As

cert

ains

that

suffi

cient

in

form

atio

n ha

s bee

n ob

tain

ed a

bout

th

e pe

rson

’s co

-exi

stin

g co

nditi

ons

and

curr

ent t

reat

men

ts to

iden

tify

poss

ible

risk

s and

cont

rain

dica

tions

fo

r tre

atm

ent

1.2.

6 Pe

rform

s clin

ical

exa

min

atio

ns

that

are

with

in th

e he

alth

pr

ofes

siona

l’s o

wn

scop

e of

pra

ctice

an

d re

leva

nt to

the

pers

on’s

prob

lem

an

d in

terp

rets

the

findi

ngs o

f the

se

exam

inat

ions

Page

| 3

2 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Elem

ent 1

.3 G

ener

ates

and

exp

lore

s pos

sible

dia

gnos

es

1.3.

1 Sy

nthe

sises

info

rmat

ion

from

th

e co

mpr

ehen

sive

asse

ssm

ent a

nd

deve

lops

pro

visio

nal a

nd d

iffer

entia

l di

agno

ses

1.3.

2 De

velo

ps a

dia

gnos

tic st

rate

gy

and

perf

orm

s rel

evan

t inv

estig

atio

ns

1.3.

3 Ex

plai

ns th

e cli

nica

l iss

ues a

nd

thei

r im

plica

tions

to th

e pe

rson

Com

pete

ncy

Area

2 T

reat

men

t opt

ions

: Un

ders

tand

s the

trea

tmen

t opt

ions

and

how

they

supp

ort t

he p

erso

n’s c

linica

l nee

d

Elem

ent 2

.1 C

onsid

ers n

on-p

harm

acol

ogica

l tre

atm

ent o

ptio

ns su

itabl

e fo

r tre

atin

g th

e pe

rson

and

thei

r con

ditio

n

2.1.

1 Re

cogn

ises w

hen

it is

clini

cally

ap

prop

riate

not

to in

terv

ene;

for

exam

ple,

in ca

ses w

here

the

signs

an

d sy

mpt

oms a

re li

kely

to re

solv

e w

ithou

t tre

atm

ent

Page

| 3

3 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

2.1.

2 Re

cogn

ises w

hen

it is

clini

cally

ap

prop

riate

to im

plem

ent n

on-

phar

mac

olog

ical t

reat

men

ts

Elem

ent 2

.2 Id

entif

ies a

ppro

pria

te m

edici

nes o

ptio

ns th

at ca

n be

inco

rpor

ated

into

the

pers

on’s

trea

tmen

t pla

n

2.2.

1 In

tegr

ates

kno

wle

dge

of

phar

mac

olog

y, o

ther

bio

med

ical

sc

ienc

es, c

linica

l med

icine

, and

th

erap

eutic

s and

iden

tifie

s med

icine

s su

itabl

e fo

r tre

atin

g th

e co

nditi

on

✗

2.2.

2 O

btai

ns, i

nter

pret

s, an

d ap

plie

s cu

rren

t evi

denc

e an

d in

form

atio

n ab

out m

edici

nes t

o in

form

dec

ision

s ab

out i

ncor

pora

ting

med

icine

s int

o th

e pe

rson

’s tr

eatm

ent p

lan

✗

2.2.

3 Id

entif

ies m

edic

ines

opt

ions

th

at a

re li

kely

to p

rovi

de

ther

apeu

tical

ly e

ffect

ive

and

safe

tr

eatm

ent a

nd ta

ilors

them

for t

he

pers

on

✗

2.2.

4 Co

nsid

ers t

he co

st a

nd

affo

rdab

ility

of t

he m

edici

nes t

o th

e pe

rson

✗

Page

| 3

4 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

2.2.

5 Co

nsid

ers t

he im

plic

atio

ns to

th

e w

ider

com

mun

ity o

f usin

g a

part

icula

r med

icine

to tr

eat t

he

pers

on

✗

2.2.

6 Di

scus

ses t

he tr

eatm

ent o

ptio

ns

and

med

icine

s with

the

pers

on,

cons

ider

ing:

the

prio

ritie

s for

tr

eatin

g th

eir c

urre

nt c

ondi

tion

and

co-e

xist

ing

cond

ition

s; th

eir r

eadi

ness

to

add

ress

the

curr

ent c

ondi

tion;

th

eir e

xpec

tatio

ns o

f tre

atm

ent

2.2.

7 Su

pple

men

ts v

erba

l inf

orm

atio

n w

ith w

ritte

n in

form

atio

n ab

out t

he

cond

ition

and

trea

tmen

t opt

ions

(w

here

app

ropr

iate

)

2.2.

8 Al

low

s the

per

son

time

to m

ake

an in

form

ed d

ecisi

on a

bout

thei

r tr

eatm

ent

2.2.

9 Re

fers

the

pers

on fo

r fur

ther

as

sess

men

t or t

reat

men

t whe

n th

e su

itabl

e tr

eatm

ent o

ptio

ns a

re

outs

ide

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n sc

ope

of p

ract

ice

Page

| 3

5 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Com

pete

ncy

Area

3 S

hare

d de

cisio

n m

akin

g: W

orks

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

to d

evel

op a

nd im

plem

ent a

trea

tmen

t pla

n

Elem

ent 3

.1 N

egot

iate

s the

rape

utic

goal

s with

the

pers

on

3.1.

1 Ne

gotia

tes t

hera

peut

ic go

als

that

enh

ance

the

pers

on’s

self-

man

agem

ent o

f the

ir co

nditi

on

✗

3.1.

2 As

cert

ains

that

all

part

ies h

ave

a co

mm

on u

nder

stan

ding

of t

he

ther

apeu

tic g

oals

and

how

they

will

be

man

aged

Elem

ent 3

.2 W

orks

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

and

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls to

sele

ct m

edic

ines

and

to ta

ilor a

nd im

plem

ent a

trea

tmen

t pla

n

3.2.

1 Ex

plor

es th

e pe

rson

’s op

inio

ns

and

pref

eren

ces c

once

rnin

g m

edic

ines

and

the

trea

tmen

t pla

n

✗

3.2.

2 Co

nsul

ts o

ther

hea

lth

prof

essio

nals

abou

t pot

entia

l m

edic

ines

and

the

trea

tmen

t pla

n

3.2.

3 Re

ache

s agr

eem

ent w

ith th

e pe

rson

abo

ut m

edici

nes t

o be

use

d to

tr

eat t

heir

cond

ition

✗

3.2.

4 De

velo

ps th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

in

part

ners

hip

with

the

pers

on

✗

Page

| 3

6 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

3.2.

5 O

btai

ns a

ppro

val t

o us

e th

e m

edic

ines

(whe

re re

leva

nt)

✗ ✗

3.2.

6 St

ops o

r mod

ifies

the

pers

on’s

exist

ing

med

icine

s and

oth

er

man

agem

ent s

trat

egie

s if r

equi

red

3.2.

7 En

sure

s the

per

son

unde

rsta

nds

the

trea

tmen

t pla

n an

d ho

w to

use

th

e m

edic

ine

safe

ly a

nd e

ffect

ivel

y

Elem

ent 3

.3 D

evel

ops a

revi

ew p

lan

tailo

red

to th

e pe

rson

’s ne

eds

3.3.

1 Id

entif

ies t

he n

eed

for,

and

deve

lops

a re

view

pla

n

Com

pete

ncy

Area

4 C

o-or

dina

tion:

Com

mun

icate

s the

trea

tmen

t pla

n cle

arly

to o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

Elem

ent 4

.1 P

rovi

des c

lear

inst

ruct

ions

to o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

who

disp

ense

, sup

ply,

or a

dmin

ister

med

icine

s pre

scrib

ed fo

r the

per

son

4.1.

1 Pr

epar

es p

resc

riptio

ns o

r m

edic

atio

n or

ders

that

com

ply

with

re

leva

nt le

gisla

tion,

gui

delin

es o

r co

des o

f pra

ctice

, and

org

anisa

tiona

l po

licie

s and

pro

cedu

res

Page

| 3

7 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

4.1.

2 Pr

ovid

es a

ccur

ate

and

clear

ve

rbal

med

icatio

n or

ders

that

com

ply

with

rele

vant

legi

slatio

n, g

uide

lines

or

code

s of p

ract

ice

and

orga

nisa

tiona

l pol

icies

and

pr

oced

ures

(whe

re re

leva

nt)

✗ #

#

Elem

ent 4

.2 P

rovi

des i

nfor

mat

ion

abou

t med

icin

es a

nd th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

with

the

pers

on’s

cons

ent t

o ot

her h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls w

ho p

rovi

de ca

re to

the

pers

on

4.2.

1 Pr

ovid

es in

form

atio

n fo

r co

llabo

ratio

n to

mem

bers

of i

nter

-pr

ofes

siona

l hea

lthca

re te

ams b

oth

with

in fa

ciliti

es a

nd th

e co

mm

unity

Com

pete

ncy

Area

5 M

onito

rs a

nd re

view

s: M

onito

rs a

nd re

view

s the

per

son’

s res

pons

e to

trea

tmen

t

Elem

ent 5

.1 O

btai

ns in

form

atio

n to

ass

ess t

he p

erso

n’s r

espo

nse

to tr

eatm

ent

5.1.

1 O

bser

ves t

he p

erso

n to

as

cert

ain

thei

r res

pons

e to

trea

tmen

t (w

here

rele

vant

)

5.1.

2 Di

scus

ses w

ith th

e pe

rson

and

ot

her h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls, th

eir:

ex

perie

nce

with

impl

emen

ting

the

trea

tmen

t pla

n

adhe

renc

e, in

cludi

ng a

ny is

sues

ar

ising

and

pos

sible

way

s to

impr

ove

adhe

renc

e

Page

| 3

8 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

pe

rcep

tion

or o

bser

vatio

n of

the

med

icin

es’ b

enef

its a

nd a

dver

se

effe

cts

as

sess

men

t of w

heth

er th

e th

erap

eutic

goa

ls ha

ve b

een

achi

eved

5.1.

3 O

btai

ns a

dditi

onal

info

rmat

ion

to a

sses

s whe

ther

the

ther

apeu

tic

goal

s hav

e be

en a

chie

ved

by

exam

inin

g th

e pe

rson

, req

uest

ing

inve

stig

atio

ns, a

nd in

terp

retin

g th

e fin

ding

s (w

here

rele

vant

)

5.1.

4 Sy

nthe

sises

info

rmat

ion

prov

ided

by

the

pers

on, o

ther

hea

lth

prof

essio

nals,

and

from

clin

ical

exam

inat

ions

and

inve

stig

atio

ns to

de

term

ine

whe

ther

:

th

e th

erap

eutic

goa

ls ha

ve b

een

achi

eved

trea

tmen

t sho

uld

be st

oppe

d,

mod

ified

or c

ontin

ued

th

e pe

rson

shou

ld b

e re

ferr

ed to

an

othe

r hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nal

Page

| 3

9 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Elem

ent 5

.2 W

orks

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

and

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls to

add

ress

issu

es a

risin

g fro

m th

e re

view

5.2.

1 Di

scus

ses t

he fi

ndin

gs o

f the

re

view

with

the

pers

on

5.2.

2 Id

entif

ies i

f the

per

son

requ

ires

a co

mpr

ehen

sive

med

icine

s rev

iew

5.2.

3 W

orks

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

and

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls to

mod

ify th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

to

optim

ise th

e sa

fety

and

effe

ctiv

enes

s of

trea

tmen

t (w

here

rele

vant

)

5.2.

4 Re

port

s iss

ues a

risin

g fr

om th

e re

view

5.2.

5 O

rgan

ises t

he n

ext r

evie

w

Com

pete

ncy

Area

H1

Prof

essio

nal:

Prac

tices

pro

fess

iona

lly

Elem

ent H

1.1

Prac

tices

with

in th

e ap

plic

able

legi

slativ

e an

d re

gula

tory

fram

ewor

ks

H1.1

.1 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

, an

d co

mpl

ies w

ith, l

egisl

atio

n,

regu

latio

ns, a

nd co

mm

on la

w

appl

icabl

e to

pre

scrib

ing

(as f

urth

er

defin

ed b

y th

e kn

owle

dge

subs

ectio

n of

this

com

pete

ncy

area

)

Page

| 4

0 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

H1.1

.2 M

aint

ains

acc

urat

e an

d co

mpl

ete

reco

rds o

f:

th

e co

nsul

tatio

n

clin

ical

exa

min

atio

ns a

nd

inve

stig

atio

n re

sults

risk

fact

ors f

or m

edici

nes

misa

dven

ture

the

pers

on’s

decis

ion

to d

eclin

e tr

eatm

ent (

whe

re re

leva

nt)

ch

ange

s to

the

pers

on’s

med

icine

s m

anag

emen

t pla

n, in

cludi

ng th

e ra

tiona

le b

ehin

d th

ese

chan

ges

th

e re

view

pla

n,

reco

mm

enda

tions

, and

dat

e fo

r ne

xt re

view

outc

omes

of t

reat

men

t

Elem

ent H

1.2

Prac

tices

acc

ordi

ng to

pro

fess

iona

l sta

ndar

ds, c

odes

of c

ondu

ct, a

nd w

ithin

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n sc

ope

of p

ract

ice

H1.2

.1 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

an

d co

mpl

ianc

e w

ith:

pr

ofes

siona

l sta

ndar

ds

co

des o

f con

duct

scop

e of

pra

ctice

stat

emen

ts o

r gu

idel

ines

Page

| 4

1 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

H1.2

.2 P

ract

ices w

ithin

the

limits

of

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n ed

ucat

ion,

trai

ning

and

scop

e of

pr

actic

e

H1.2

.3 D

emon

stra

tes r

espe

ct fo

r the

sc

ope

of p

ract

ice o

f oth

er h

ealth

pr

ofes

siona

ls an

d th

eir c

ontr

ibut

ion

with

in a

col

labo

rativ

e ca

re m

odel

, pa

rticu

larly

that

of t

he p

erso

n’s m

ain

heal

thca

re p

rovi

der

H1.2

.4 A

ccep

ts re

spon

sibili

ty a

nd is

ac

coun

tabl

e fo

r the

car

e pr

ovid

ed to

th

e pe

rson

Elem

ent H

1.3

Prac

tices

with

in th

e ap

plic

able

fram

ewor

ks o

f the

hea

lthca

re se

ttin

g an

d sy

stem

H1.3

.1 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

an

d co

mpl

ies w

ith n

atio

nal,

stat

e an

d te

rrito

ry, a

nd fa

cility

pol

icies

and

pr

oced

ures

in re

latio

n to

pre

scrib

ing

H1.3

.2 D

emon

stra

tes a

ppro

pria

te

prof

essio

nal j

udge

men

t whe

n in

terp

retin

g an

d ap

plyi

ng g

uide

lines

an

d pr

otoc

ols t

o th

e pe

rson

’s sit

uatio

n

Page

| 4

2 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

H1.3

.3 C

ontr

ibut

es to

the

impr

ovem

ent o

f pol

icies

and

pr

oced

ures

for t

he ju

dici

ous,

appr

opria

te, s

afe

and

effe

ctiv

e us

e of

m

edic

ines

✗

Elem

ent H

1.4

Prac

tices

qua

lity

use

of m

edici

nes p

rinci

ples

H1.4

.1 A

pplie

s qua

lity

use

of

med

icin

es p

rinci

ples

whe

n pr

escr

ibin

g m

edici

nes

H1.4

.2 Id

entif

ies c

omm

on c

ause

s of

med

icin

es e

rror

s and

adv

erse

eve

nts,

and

impl

emen

ts st

rate

gies

to re

duce

th

e ris

ks o

f the

se o

ccur

ring

H1.4

.3 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

th

e m

edic

ines

com

mon

ly p

resc

ribed

H1.4

.4 C

ritica

lly e

valu

ates

in

form

atio

n ab

out m

edici

nes a

nd

mak

es e

vide

nce-

base

d de

cisio

ns

abou

t med

icine

s in

the

heal

th

prof

essio

nal’s

ow

n pr

actic

e

✗

Page

| 4

3 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Elem

ent H

1.5

Dem

onst

rate

s a co

mm

itmen

t to

cont

inua

l qua

lity

impr

ovem

ent o

f the

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n pr

escr

ibin

g

H1.5

.1 E

ngag

es in

ong

oing

pr

ofes

siona

l dev

elop

men

t and

ed

ucat

ion

to im

prov

e pr

escr

ibin

g pr

actic

es

Elem

ent H

1.6

Addr

esse

s the

pot

entia

l for

bia

s in

pres

crib

ing

deci

sions

H1.6

.1 Im

plem

ents

stra

tegi

es to

ad

dres

s inf

luen

ces t

hat m

ay b

ias

pres

crib

ing

decis

ions

, inc

ludi

ng:

M

arke

ting

influ

ence

s

Poss

ible

per

sona

l, pr

ofes

siona

l or

finan

cial g

ain

Co

nflic

ts o

f int

eres

t

The

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n be

liefs

, val

ues,

and

expe

rienc

es

✗

Com

pete

ncy

Area

H2

Com

mun

icate

s: Co

mm

unica

tes a

nd co

llabo

rate

s effe

ctiv

ely

with

the

pers

on a

nd o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

Elem

ent H

2.1

Obta

ins c

onse

nt to

pro

vide

clin

ical s

ervi

ces t

o th

e pe

rson

H2.1

.1 A

dher

es to

legi

slativ

e an

d w

orkp

lace

requ

irem

ents

for o

btai

ning

an

d re

cord

ing

cons

ent f

or:

ac

cess

ing

heal

th re

cord

s

Page

| 4

4 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

ob

tain

ing

info

rmat

ion

from

, and

pr

ovid

ing

info

rmat

ion

to, o

ther

he

alth

pro

fess

iona

ls

cond

uctin

g a

clini

cal e

xam

inat

ion

pr

ovid

ing

clini

cal s

ervi

ces

th

e po

tent

ial b

enef

its a

nd h

arm

s of

trea

tmen

t

the

finan

cial a

spec

ts o

f the

tr

eatm

ent

Elem

ent H

2.2

Ackn

owle

dges

the

pers

on, t

heir

fam

ily, a

nd ca

rers

as i

nteg

ral t

o ca

re a

nd co

llabo

rate

s to

achi

eve

optim

al h

ealth

out

com

es

H2.2

.1 In

volv

es th

e pe

rson

’s fa

mily

or

care

rs in

the

cons

ulta

tion

whe

re

appr

opria

te

H2.2

.2 E

xplo

res a

nd re

spon

ds

appr

opria

tely

to th

e pe

rson

’s co

ncer

ns a

nd e

xpec

tatio

ns re

gard

ing:

the

cons

ulta

tion

th

eir h

ealth

thei

r ow

n ro

le a

nd th

at o

f hea

lth

prof

essio

nals

in m

anag

ing

thei

r he

alth

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

scop

e of

pr

actic

e

Page

| 4

5 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

th

e us

e of

med

icine

s and

oth

er

trea

tmen

ts to

mai

ntai

n th

eir

heal

th

H2.2

.3 E

stab

lishe

s a th

erap

eutic

pa

rtne

rshi

p th

at a

ccor

ds w

ith th

e pr

efer

ence

s exp

ress

ed b

y th

e pe

rson

Elem

ent H

2.3

Resp

ects

the

pers

on

H2.3

.1 R

espe

cts t

he p

erso

n’s v

alue

s, be

liefs

, and

exp

erie

nces

H2.3

.2 R

espe

cts t

he p

erso

n’s p

rivac

y an

d co

nfid

entia

lity

H2.3

.3 R

espe

cts t

he p

erso

n’s

heal

thca

re d

ecisi

ons

Elem

ent H

2.4

Com

mun

icate

s effe

ctiv

ely

with

the

pers

on u

sing

appr

opria

te co

mm

unic

atio

n sk

ills t

o en

able

the

safe

use

of m

edici

nes

H2.4

.1 A

sses

ses t

he p

erso

n’s

pref

erre

d la

ngua

ge, c

omm

unic

atio

n st

yle,

com

mun

icatio

n ca

pabi

litie

s, an

d he

alth

lite

racy

, and

adj

usts

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n co

mm

unic

atio

n st

yle

to in

tera

ct

effe

ctiv

ely

with

them

H2.4

.2 C

onsid

ers t

he p

oten

tial i

ssue

of

per

ceiv

ed p

ower

diff

eren

ces

Page

| 4

6 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

betw

een

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal a

nd

the

pers

on

H2.4

.3 P

rovi

des c

lear

and

app

ropr

iate

w

ritte

n an

d ve

rbal

info

rmat

ion

to th

e pe

rson

to e

nabl

e th

em to

mak

e in

form

ed ch

oice

s and

ach

ieve

opt

imal

he

alth

out

com

es

H2.4

.4 A

scer

tain

s tha

t the

in

form

atio

n pr

ovid

ed h

as b

een

rece

ived

and

und

erst

ood

corr

ectly

Elem

ent H

2.5

Colla

bora

tes w

ith o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

to a

chie

ve o

ptim

al h

ealth

out

com

es fo

r the

per

son

H2.5

.1 E

ngag

es in

ope

n, in

tera

ctiv

e di

scus

sions

with

oth

er h

ealth

pr

ofes

siona

ls in

volv

ed in

carin

g fo

r th

e pe

rson

H2.5

.2 C

onfir

ms t

hat t

heir

own

unde

rsta

ndin

g of

info

rmat

ion

prov

ided

by

othe

r hea

lth

prof

essio

nals

is co

rrec

t

H2.5

.3 R

espo

nds a

ppro

pria

tely

to

com

mun

icat

ion

initi

ated

by

othe

r he

alth

pro

fess

iona

ls

Page

| 4

7 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

spee

ch

path

olog

ist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

spee

ch p

atho

logi

st

H2.5

.4 P

rovi

des c

lear

ver

bal a

nd

writ

ten

info

rmat

ion

to o

ther

hea

lth

prof

essio

nals

by se

cure

mea

ns w

hen

impl

emen

ting

new

trea

tmen

ts w

ith

med

icin

es o

r mod

ifyin

g ex

istin

g tr

eatm

ent p

lans


6.3.3 Discussion

The Competency-based Occupational Standards for speech pathologists and the Code of Ethics provide a comprehensive description of the capabilities of an entry level speech pathologist. Minor adjustments to include reference regarding medicines could improve mapping in areas such as obtaining information from the patient as well as therapeutic selection and implementation.

It is likely that some of the prescribing activities that do not map well are undertaken in actual practice but, due to their lack of documentation in the professional standards, are perceived not to map to the Prescribing Competencies Framework. These include the following:

Allows the person time to make an informed decision about their treatment Negotiates therapeutic goals that enhance the person’s self-management of their condition Ascertains that all parties have a common understanding of the therapeutic goals and how they

will be managed Organises the next review Considers the potential issue of perceived power differences between the health professional

and the person Ascertains that the information provided has been received and understood correctly Confirms that their own understanding of information provided by other health professionals is

correct Responds appropriately to communication initiated by other health professionals

Areas that do not map well, and are likely to fall outside of the current scope of practice should be targeted for additional education and assessment, these include the following:

Medication and allergy history taking Adherence assessment Medication selection competencies

o Identification of safe, appropriate, effective medicine options o Stopping or modifying existing medicines if required o Medication knowledge o QUM principles

Medication orders Legislative requirements relating to medicines

Mapping of the learning objectives for the representative pre-entry program of study provided limited information to assess graduate capability with respect to prescribing. The learning objectives are quite broad in their statements and, without review of individual lectures and tutorials, it is impossible to say to what extent they map with the Prescribing Competencies Framework. Mapping at an element level rather than a performance criteria level is also less specific; not all performance criteria within the element may be covered by the learning objectives. This mapping does, however, give an indication of the coverage of the Prescribing Competencies Framework by a SPA accredited program of study.

Some of the elements which could not be identified in the learning objectives such as obtaining consent and obtaining information to assess the person’s response to treatment are likely to be covered in clinical placements. Other such as providing instruction to other health professionals who


dispense, supply, or administer medicines prescribed for the person or practicing quality use of medicines principles are clearly outside of current scope and would require an addition to the curriculum.

As indicated in table 2, the requisite competencies for safe and effective prescribing differ dependent on the model of prescribing to be used. The number of competencies required to prescribe under supervision or autonomously is greater than those required to prescribe via a structured prescribing arrangement. This information can be used to identify the additional training that would be required to achieve speech pathology prescribing competence dependent on the model of prescribing. Table A3, appendix A shows the competencies not met or only partly met by the speech pathology standards and indicates the additional training required dependent on the prescribing model. The additional training required for prescribing under a structured prescribing arrangement is as follows:


prescribing QUM principles appropriate to model of prescribing Knowledge of the medicines to be prescribed (including potential adverse reactions and

errors) Identification of potential problems with existing medicines and cessation or adjustment as

appropriate Obtaining and recording consent for medicine use Legislation, policies and procedures applicable to model of prescribing Writing of medicine orders appropriate to model of prescribing Recording keeping with respect to medicine use Review of medicine therapy Identification of person’s need for comprehensive medicines review Communication with the person regarding medicine choice, safe and effective use of the


To prescribe under supervision or autonomously the following additional training to that described above is required:



treated Tailoring of medicine to person’s needs Consideration of cost of medicines to be prescribed Implication to the wider community with respect to prescribing Communication with the person with respect to opinions and preferences regarding

medicines and the treatment plan Communication with respect to medicines options and reaching agreement with the person Ethical issues with respect to prescribing Provision of verbal orders if required appropriate for model of prescribing


Obtaining approval for medicine use if required

There are a number of routes by which competency to prescribe could be achieved. The competencies to prescribe via a structured prescribing arrangement could be incorporated into pre-entry programs of study with minimal adjustment. Authority to prescribe under supervision or autonomously requires additional training, which could be provided in the way of postgraduate training with appropriate assessment to ensure competency. The majority of the competencies are not profession specific, so there is the possibility of the development of a generic allied health prescribing course. This could be provided in combination with workplace supervision and mentoring, to train and subsequently assess speech pathology prescribers. Over time it may be possible to incorporate all aspects of prescribing into pre-entry programs of study.

In order to progress the introduction of speech pathologist prescribing of scheduled medicines within scope of practice, processes around the accreditation of prescribing training programs and recognition of prescriber status need to be developed.

In December 2013, following the development of the Prescribing Competencies Framework and the HPPP, the Health Profession Accreditation Councils’ Forum released a position statement ‘Development of Prescribing Standards and Accreditation Processes’(30). The position statement acknowledged the Prescribing Competencies Framework as the nationally recognised standard for prescribing, and stated that standards for prescribing education and training programs of study must align to the framework. The document also stated ‘The Forum is working with its Members to ensure efficient and effective accreditation processes are developed at the same time respecting the diversity of approaches of individual accreditation councils to these processes’.

In addition AHPRA has established a Prescribing Working Group whose aim is to ‘develop a governance framework and other resources to support the development and review of national board regulatory policy relating to prescribing of scheduled medicines’(6). This working group provides a useful mechanism to facilitate active collaboration between health professions and the Forum, with a view to consistency of accreditation. Whilst SPA is neither a member body of the Forum or AHPRA, it is possible that they could adopt any accreditation framework that is developed and use it to accredit prescribing training programs suitable for speech pathology prescribing. Alternatively SPA could independently develop their own accreditation standards. As an ongoing goal the Prescribing Competencies Framework should be embedded in any prescribing accreditation standards developed. This approach is evidenced in the 2015 Nurse Practitioner and Endorsement for Scheduled Medicines for Midwives Accreditation Standards, both of which require a map of subjects against the Prescribing Competencies Framework(31, 32).

6.4 Recommendations

If speech pathology prescribing is to occur, consideration needs to be given to the process by which speech pathologists are recognised as competent to prescribe. As discussed previously, in Queensland the authority to prescribe is legislated under the Health (Drugs and Poisons) Regulation 1996 (HDPR), therefore, amendments to the regulation would be required to authorise speech pathologists to prescribe. As a temporary measure, prescribing could occur within Queensland under the section 18 approval process, which has been used previously to authorise prescribing trials in pharmacy and physiotherapy.


If speech pathology prescribing is to occur at a national level, professional standards should be revised to include prescribing competencies. Amendments to the relevant medicines regulation in each state and territory would also be required.

In order to progress speech pathology prescribing it is recommended that SPA:

Develop or adopt an accreditation framework and use it to accredit prescribing training programs suitable for speech pathology prescribing

Establish a process to credential speech pathologists to prescribe, dependent on completion of an accredited prescribing program of study. In order to maintain continuing professional development standards and currency of practice, only Certified Practising Speech Pathologists should be credentialed to prescribe


7. Dietetics and Nutrition 7.1 Background Information

In Australia the title of dietitian is differentiated from other occupations in the nutrition industry such as nutritionist. A dietitian is defined as having ‘undertaken a course of study that included substantial theory and supervised and assessed professional practice in clinical nutrition, medical nutrition therapy and food service management’(33).Whilst all dietitians can, therefore, be considered as nutritionists, a nutritionist cannot use the title dietitian without an approved dietetic qualification. For the purpose of this report the profession of dietetics alone will be reviewed.

The total number of dietitians in Australia is unclear as the 2011 Australian Bureau of Statistics consensus did not allow for differentiation between the terms dietitian and nutritionist. Whilst 6,200 people reported having a bachelor or postgraduate degree as their highest level of qualification in nutrition and dietetics, only 2,832 reported dietitian as their occupation(34).


There is no dietetic board established under the National Law(26), and hence no legal requirement for dietitians to be registered in Australia.

National representation is provided by the Dietitians Association of Australia (DAA), which is the major body for dietitians in Australia, with over 5,700 members(35). DAA has a number of functions including advocacy, professional representation, accreditation, education and provision of professional development activities.

DAA is a self-regulating body and is committed to ensuring a high standard of ethical and clinical practice by its members. A regulatory framework is provided in the form of professional standards, a Code of Professional Conduct and Statement of Ethical Practice. In addition DAA has a credentialing program for dietitians; the Accredited Practising Dietitian (APD) program. This program, which is administered by the Dietetic Credentialing Council (DCC), provides the only national credential which is recognised by the Australian Government, state governments and private health insurers. In order to become an APD a dietitian must complete an initial provisional year, which involves completion of CPD and having an APD mentor for at least 52 weeks. In addition a minimum of 30 hours of CPD must be completed per year on an ongoing basis(36). It is not mandatory for dietitians holding the APD credential to be members of DAA.

DAA have previously submitted a response to the Health Workforce Australia HPPP project indicating that self-regulated professions should have access to the HPPP.


DAA is the accrediting body for programs of study leading to the dietetic qualification in Australia, with the Australian Dietetics Council providing governance to the accreditation process. Only graduates from accredited dietetic programs are allowed to become members of DAA and join the APD program.

A dietetic qualification can be achieved by completion of a four year accredited undergraduate Bachelor degree, or a two year accredited postgraduate Master’s degree. Both routes produce entry


level graduates who are sufficiently competent to provide patient services, commensurate with an entry level practitioner, without any period of formal internship or supervision.


Dietitians currently have no prescribing authority in Australia. In some organisations dietitians are already involved in the ordering of unscheduled medicines such as phosphate binders for chronic renal disease, and total parenteral nutrition.

7.1.4 Prescribing potential

Dietitians who have the management of diabetes within their scope of practice, may be given authority to prescribe scheduled medicines that are relevant to the management of diabetes. Such prescribing would be similar to that in New Zealand where Registered Nurses specialising in diabetes are authorised to prescribe a range of medicines from the following classes(37, 38):

Insulin Metformin Sulphonylureas Statins Angiotensin receptor blockers Diuretics Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors Calcium channel blockers Aspirin

Dietitians practising in the area of cystic fibrosis management may be able to prescribe pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (whilst the 10,000 units preparation is unscheduled, the higher 25,000 units and 40, 000 units preparations are both schedule 4). The 2014 DAA cystic fibrosis role statement states that whilst prescribing pancreatic enzymes is not an activity APDs working in this area usually undertake, there is the potential for extended scope of dietetic practice in the future(39).

7.2 Prescribing Competence in Dietetics

In order to consider the prescribing potential of the dietitian, and to identify options in Queensland relating to prescribing authority, it is necessary to review the current status of dietetic qualifications and evaluate their capacity to provide the skills, knowledge and behaviours necessary to become a competent prescriber. As discussed previously, such competence is described in the Prescribing Competencies Framework. If the current training requirements and professional standards for dietitians are mapped against the framework, it will be possible to evaluate the current prescribing capability of dietitians and identify any gaps in capability that may need to be addressed.

7.2.1 Dietitian training requirements and professional standards which define professional capability

All entry level degree programs in Australia, accredited by DAA, are assessed against the recently revised DAA National Competency Standards for Dietitians in Australia(40). All dietetic programs of study have to demonstrate their graduates attain these competencies in order to be accredited. The Standards detail the knowledge, skills and professional standards required for entry level practice.


All practising dietitians should, therefore, have minimum standards of practice commensurate with the National Competency Standards.

In addition to the National Competency Standards, DAA also produces the Code of Professional Conduct and Statement of Ethical Practice(41, 42). The Code of Professional Conduct sets minimum national standards for accountable conduct. The values and principles underpinning these standards are defined in the Statement of Ethical Practice. Note the DAA produces two versions of each document. The version for members with Australian recognised dietetic qualifications and non-members with APD status (i.e. relevant to dietitians) is the version that will be referred to within this report.

Together the National Competency Standards and the Statement of Ethical Practice define the competencies and practice requirements of a dietitian. It is, therefore, reasonable to assume that if both the standards are mapped against the Prescribing Competencies Framework, a clearer picture of prescribing readiness will emerge.

7.3 Dietetic Competency Mapping

7.3.1 Methodology

Both the National Competency Standards for Dietitians in Australia and the DAA Statement of Ethical Practice were mapped against individual performance criteria for every element within the Prescribing Competencies Framework. The mapping is shown in table B1, appendix B. The comments section of the table denotes whether statements identified in either one or both of the professional standards can be considered to map completely, partly, or not at all with the Prescribing Competencies Framework. The comments section is colour coded as follows:




To provide additional education and training information relevant to the review, the learning objectives from a DAA accredited dietetic program of study were also mapped against the Prescribing Competencies Framework elements. Learning objectives from Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Bachelor of Nutrition and Dietetics were mapped as a representative program of study.

7.3.2 Results

PProfessional Standards Mapping

Table 3 provides a summary of the mapping results. The table shows competencies from the Prescribing Competencies Framework separated into different categories, and indicates which of the prescribing competencies within each category are covered completely, partly, or not at all by the dietetic standards. It should be noted that the capability assumptions made in the mapping process are based purely on information obtained from the dietetic standards, and not on review of actual practice.

Page

| 5

5 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

Tabl

e 3:

Die

tetic

map

ping

sum

mar

y: e

xten

t to

whi

ch th

e Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies F

ram

ewor

k is

cove

red

by th

e di

etet

ic st

anda

rds

Inte

ract

ion

and

com

mun

icatio

n w

ith p

atie

nts

Pres

crib

ing

com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

com

plet

ely

1.1.

1

Uses

app

ropr

iate

com

mun

icat

ion

stra

tegi

es to

est

ablis

h a

ther

apeu

tic p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

H2

.2.3

Est

ablis

hes a

ther

apeu

tic p

artn

ersh

ip th

at a

ccor

ds w

ith th

e pr

efer

ence

s exp

ress

ed b

y th

e pe

rson

H2

.3.1

Res

pect

s the

per

son’

s val

ues,

belie

fs, a

nd e

xper

ienc

es

H2.3

.2 R

espe

cts t

he p

erso

n’s p

rivac

y an

d co

nfid

entia

lity

H2.3

.3 R

espe

cts t

he p

erso

n’s h

ealth

care

dec

ision

s H2

.4.1

Ass

esse

s the

per

son’

s pre

ferr

ed la

ngua

ge, c

omm

unica

tion

styl

e, c

omm

unic

atio

n ca

pabi

litie

s, an

d he

alth

lite

racy

, and

adj

usts

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n co

mm

unic

atio

n st

yle

to in

tera

ct e

ffect

ivel

y w

ith th

em

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

par

tly

H2.2

.1 In

volv

es th

e pe

rson

’s fa

mily

or c

arer

s in

the

cons

ulta

tion

whe

re a

ppro

pria

te

H2.2

.2 E

xplo

res a

nd re

spon

ds a

ppro

pria

tely

to th

e pe

rson

’s co

ncer

ns a

nd e

xpec

tatio

ns re

gard

ing:

the

cons

ulta

tion

th

eir h

ealth

thei

r ow

n ro

le a

nd th

at o

f hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

in m

anag

ing

thei

r hea

lth

th

e he

alth

pro

fess

iona

l’s sc

ope

of p

ract

ice

th

e us

e of

med

icine

s and

oth

er tr

eatm

ents

to m

aint

ain

thei

r hea

lth

H2.4

.3 P

rovi

des c

lear

and

app

ropr

iate

writ

ten

and

verb

al in

form

atio

n to

the

pers

on to

ena

ble

them

to m

ake

info

rmed

choi

ces a

nd a

chie

ve o

ptim

al h

ealth

out

com

es

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s not

iden

tifie

d H2

.4.2

Con

sider

s the

pot

entia

l iss

ue o

f per

ceiv

ed p

ower

diff

eren

ces b

etw

een

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal a

nd th

e pe

rson

H2

.4.4

Asc

erta

ins t

hat t

he in

form

atio

n pr

ovid

ed h

as b

een

rece

ived

and

und

erst

ood

corr

ectly

In

tera

ctio

n an

d co

mm

unica

tion

with

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls Pr

escr

ibin

g co

mpe

tenc

ies c

over

ed c

ompl

etel

y 4.

2.1

Pr

ovid

es in

form

atio

n fo

r col

labo

ratio

n to

mem

bers

of i

nter

-pro

fess

iona

l hea

lthca

re te

ams b

oth

with

in fa

ciliti

es a

nd th

e co

mm

unity

Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies c

over

ed p

artly

H2

.5.1

Eng

ages

in o

pen,

inte

ract

ive

disc

ussio

ns w

ith o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

invo

lved

in c

arin

g fo

r the

per

son

H2.5

.4 P

rovi

des c

lear

ver

bal a

nd w

ritte

n in

form

atio

n to

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls by

secu

re m

eans

whe

n im

plem

entin

g ne

w tr

eatm

ents

with

med

icine

s or m

odify

ing

exist

ing

trea

tmen

t pla

ns

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s not

iden

tifie

d H2

.5.2

Con

firm

s tha

t the

ir ow

n un

ders

tand

ing

of in

form

atio

n pr

ovid

ed b

y ot

her h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls is

corr

ect

H2.5

.3 R

espo

nds a

ppro

pria

tely

to co

mm

unic

atio

n in

itiat

ed b

y ot

her h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls

Page

| 5

6 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

Asse

ssm

ent a

nd d

iagn

osis

Pres

crib

ing

com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

com

plet

ely

1.2.

6

Perf

orm

s clin

ical

exa

min

atio

ns th

at a

re w

ithin

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n sc

ope

of p

ract

ice a

nd re

leva

nt to

the

pers

on’s

prob

lem

and

inte

rpre

ts th

e fin

ding

s of

thes

e ex

amin

atio

ns

1.3.

1

Synt

hesis

es in

form

atio

n fr

om th

e co

mpr

ehen

sive

asse

ssm

ent a

nd d

evel

ops p

rovi

siona

l and

diff

eren

tial d

iagn

oses

Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies c

over

ed p

artly

1.

2.1

Co

nduc

ts a

n as

sess

men

t tha

t is a

ppro

pria

te to

bot

h th

e he

alth

pro

fess

iona

l’s sc

ope

of p

ract

ice

and

the

pers

on’s

clini

cal c

onte

xt

1.2.

2

Revi

ews a

nd in

terp

rets

info

rmat

ion

in th

e pe

rson

’s he

alth

reco

rds

1.2.

3

Obt

ains

rele

vant

info

rmat

ion

from

the

pers

on a

bout

thei

r med

icine

s, an

d th

eir m

edic

al a

nd cl

inic

al h

istor

y, in

clud

ing

thei

r co-

exist

ing

cond

ition

s, tr

eatm

ents

, al

coho

l and

subs

tanc

e us

e, a

llerg

ies a

nd so

cial c

onte

xt

1.2.

4

Asse

sses

the

pers

on’s

risk

fact

ors f

or p

oor a

dher

ence

; for

exa

mpl

e so

cial i

sola

tion,

phy

sical

impa

irmen

t, co

gniti

ve im

pairm

ent o

r dist

urba

nce,

low

Eng

lish

prof

icien

cy, l

ow h

ealth

lite

racy

, fin

anci

al d

isadv

anta

ge

1.3.

3

Expl

ains

the

clini

cal i

ssue

s and

thei

r im

plic

atio

ns to

the

pers

on

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s not

iden

tifie

d 1.

2.5

As

cert

ains

that

suffi

cien

t inf

orm

atio

n ha

s bee

n ob

tain

ed a

bout

the

pers

on’s

co-e

xist

ing

cond

ition

s and

curr

ent t

reat

men

ts to

iden

tify

poss

ible

risk

s and

co

ntra

indi

catio

ns fo

r tre

atm

ent

1.3.

2

Deve

lops

a d

iagn

ostic

stra

tegy

and

per

form

s rel

evan

t inv

estig

atio

ns

Ther

apeu

tic c

hoic

e an

d in

itiat

ion

Pres

crib

ing

com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

com

plet

ely

2.1.

2

Reco

gnise

s whe

n it

is cli

nica

lly a

ppro

pria

te to

impl

emen

t non

-pha

rmac

olog

ical t

reat

men

ts

2.2.

9

Refe

rs th

e pe

rson

for f

urth

er a

sses

smen

t or t

reat

men

t whe

n th

e su

itabl

e tr

eatm

ent o

ptio

ns a

re o

utsid

e th

e he

alth

pro

fess

iona

l’s o

wn

scop

e of

pra

ctic

e 3.

1.1

Ne

gotia

tes t

hera

peut

ic go

als t

hat e

nhan

ce th

e pe

rson

’s se

lf-m

anag

emen

t of t

heir

cond

ition

3.

2.4

De

velo

ps th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies c

over

ed p

artly

2.

2.1

In

tegr

ates

kno

wle

dge

of p

harm

acol

ogy,

oth

er b

iom

edic

al sc

ienc

es, c

linica

l med

icine

, and

ther

apeu

tics a

nd id

entif

ies m

edici

nes s

uita

ble

for t

reat

ing

the

cond

ition

2.

2.2

O

btai

ns, i

nter

pret

s, an

d ap

plie

s cur

rent

evi

denc

e an

d in

form

atio

n ab

out m

edici

nes t

o in

form

dec

ision

s abo

ut in

corp

orat

ing

med

icine

s int

o th

e pe

rson

’s tr

eatm

ent p

lan

2.2.

4

Cons

ider

s the

cost

and

affo

rdab

ility

of t

he m

edici

nes t

o th

e pe

rson

2.

2.6

Di

scus

ses t

he tr

eatm

ent o

ptio

ns a

nd m

edici

nes w

ith th

e pe

rson

, con

sider

ing:

the

prio

ritie

s for

trea

ting

thei

r cur

rent

con

ditio

n an

d co

-exi

stin

g co

nditi

ons;

thei

r re

adin

ess t

o ad

dres

s the

curr

ent c

ondi

tion;

thei

r exp

ecta

tions

of t

reat

men

t 2.

2.7

Su

pple

men

ts v

erba

l inf

orm

atio

n w

ith w

ritte

n in

form

atio

n ab

out t

he co

nditi

on a

nd tr

eatm

ent o

ptio

ns (w

here

app

ropr

iate

) 3.

2.1

Ex

plor

es th

e pe

rson

’s op

inio

ns a

nd p

refe

renc

es co

ncer

ning

med

icine

s and

the

trea

tmen

t pla

n 3.

2.2

Co

nsul

ts o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

abou

t pot

entia

l med

icin

es a

nd th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

Page

| 5

7 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

Ther

apeu

tic c

hoic

e an

d in

itiat

ion

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s not

iden

tifie

d 2.

1.1

Re

cogn

ises w

hen

it is

clini

cally

app

ropr

iate

not

to in

terv

ene;

for e

xam

ple,

in c

ases

whe

re th

e sig

ns a

nd sy

mpt

oms a

re li

kely

to re

solv

e w

ithou

t tre

atm

ent

2.2.

3

Iden

tifie

s med

icine

s opt

ions

that

are

like

ly to

pro

vide

ther

apeu

tical

ly e

ffect

ive

and

safe

trea

tmen

t and

tailo

rs th

e m fo

r the

per

son

2.2.

5

Cons

ider

s the

impl

icatio

ns to

the

wid

er co

mm

unity

of u

sing

a pa

rtic

ular

med

icin

e to

trea

t the

per

son

2.2.

8

Allo

ws t

he p

erso

n tim

e to

mak

e an

info

rmed

dec

ision

abo

ut th

eir t

reat

men

t 3.

1.2

As

cert

ains

that

all

part

ies h

ave

a co

mm

on u

nder

stan

ding

of t

he th

erap

eutic

goa

ls an

d ho

w th

ey w

ill b

e m

anag

ed

3.2.

3

Reac

hes a

gree

men

t with

the

pers

on a

bout

med

icine

s to

be u

sed

to tr

eat t

heir

cond

ition

3.

2.5

O

btai

ns a

ppro

val t

o us

e th

e m

edici

nes (

whe

re re

leva

nt)

3.2.

6

Stop

s or m

odifi

es th

e pe

rson

’s ex

istin

g m

edici

nes a

nd o

ther

man

agem

ent s

trat

egie

s if r

equi

red

3.2.

7

Ensu

res t

he p

erso

n un

ders

tand

s the

trea

tmen

t pla

n an

d ho

w to

use

the

med

icine

safe

ly a

nd e

ffect

ivel

y 4.

1.1

Pr

epar

es p

resc

riptio

ns o

r med

icat

ion

orde

rs th

at c

ompl

y w

ith re

leva

nt le

gisla

tion,

gui

delin

es o

r cod

es o

f pra

ctice

, and

org

anisa

tiona

l pol

icies

and

pro

cedu

res

4.1.

2

Prov

ides

acc

urat

e an

d cle

ar v

erba

l med

icatio

n or

ders

that

com

ply

with

rele

vant

legi

slatio

n, g

uide

lines

or c

odes

of p

ract

ice a

nd o

rgan

isatio

nal p

olici

es a

nd

proc

edur

es (w

here

rele

vant

) H1

.4.1

App

lies q

ualit

y us

e of

med

icine

s prin

cipl

es w

hen

pres

crib

ing

med

icine

s H1

.4.2

Iden

tifie

s com

mon

cau

ses o

f med

icine

s err

ors a

nd a

dver

se e

vent

s, an

d im

plem

ents

stra

tegi

es to

redu

ce th

e ris

ks o

f the

se o

ccur

ring

H1.4

.3 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

the

med

icin

es c

omm

only

pre

scrib

ed

H1.4

.4 C

ritica

lly e

valu

ates

info

rmat

ion

abou

t med

icine

s and

mak

es e

vide

nce-

base

d de

cisio

ns a

bout

med

icine

s in

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n pr

actic

e Re

view

and

adj

ustm

ent o

f the

rapy

Pr

escr

ibin

g co

mpe

tenc

ies c

over

ed c

ompl

etel

y 3.

3.1

Id

entif

ies t

he n

eed

for,

and

deve

lops

a re

view

pla

n 5.

2.3

W

orks

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

and

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls to

mod

ify th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

to o

ptim

ise th

e sa

fety

and

effe

ctiv

enes

s of t

reat

men

t (w

here

rele

vant

) Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies c

over

ed p

artly

5.

1.1

O

bser

ves t

he p

erso

n to

asc

erta

in th

eir r

espo

nse

to tr

eatm

ent (

whe

re re

leva

nt)

5.1.

2

Disc

usse

s with

the

pers

on a

nd o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals,

thei

r:

expe

rienc

e w

ith im

plem

entin

g th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

ad

here

nce,

inclu

ding

any

issu

es a

risin

g an

d po

ssib

le w

ays t

o im

prov

e ad

here

nce

pe

rcep

tion

or o

bser

vatio

n of

the

med

icine

s’ be

nefit

s and

adv

erse

effe

cts

as

sess

men

t of w

heth

er th

e th

erap

eutic

goa

ls ha

ve b

een

achi

eved

5.

1.4

Sy

nthe

sises

info

rmat

ion

prov

ided

by

the

pers

on, o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals,

and

from

clin

ical e

xam

inat

ions

and

inve

stig

atio

ns to

det

erm

ine

whe

ther

:

the

ther

apeu

tic g

oals

have

bee

n ac

hiev

ed

tr

eatm

ent s

houl

d be

stop

ped,

mod

ified

or c

ontin

ued

th

e pe

rson

shou

ld b

e re

ferr

ed to

ano

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nal

5.2.

1

Disc

usse

s the

find

ings

of t

he re

view

with

the

pers

on

5.2.

5

Orga

nise

s the

nex

t rev

iew

Page

| 5

8 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

Revi

ew a

nd a

djus

tmen

t of t

hera

py

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s not

iden

tifie

d 5.

1.3

O

btai

ns a

dditi

onal

info

rmat

ion

to a

sses

s whe

ther

the

ther

apeu

tic g

oals

have

bee

n ac

hiev

ed b

y ex

amin

ing

the

pers

on, r

eque

stin

g in

vest

igat

ions

, and

in

terp

retin

g th

e fin

ding

s (w

here

rele

vant

) 5.

2.2

Id

entif

ies i

f the

per

son

requ

ires a

com

preh

ensiv

e m

edic

ines

revi

ew

5.2.

4

Repo

rts i

ssue

s aris

ing

from

the

revi

ew

Lega

l and

pro

fess

iona

l req

uire

men

ts

Pres

crib

ing

com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

com

plet

ely

H1.2

.1 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

and

com

plia

nce

with

:

prof

essio

nal s

tand

ards

code

s of c

ondu

ct

sc

ope

of p

ract

ice st

atem

ents

or g

uide

lines

H1

.2.2

Pra

ctice

s with

in th

e lim

its o

f the

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n ed

ucat

ion,

trai

ning

and

scop

e of

pra

ctice

H1

.2.3

Dem

onst

rate

s res

pect

for t

he sc

ope

of p

ract

ice o

f oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls an

d th

eir c

ontr

ibut

ion

with

in a

colla

bora

tive

care

mod

el, p

artic

ular

ly th

at o

f the

pe

rson

’s m

ain

heal

thca

re p

rovi

der

H1.2

.4 A

ccep

ts re

spon

sibili

ty a

nd is

acc

ount

able

for t

he ca

re p

rovi

ded

to th

e pe

rson

Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies c

over

ed p

artly

H1

.1.1

Dem

onst

rate

s kno

wle

dge

of, a

nd co

mpl

ies w

ith, l

egisl

atio

n, re

gula

tions

, and

com

mon

law

app

licab

le to

pre

scrib

ing

(as f

urth

er d

efin

ed b

y th

e kn

owle

dge

subs

ectio

n of

this

com

pete

ncy

area

) H1

.1.2

Mai

ntai

ns a

ccur

ate

and

com

plet

e re

cord

s of:

th

e co

nsul

tatio

n

clin

ical

exa

min

atio

ns a

nd in

vest

igat

ion

resu

lts

ris

k fa

ctor

s for

med

icine

s misa

dven

ture

the

pers

on’s

decis

ion

to d

eclin

e tr

eatm

ent (

whe

re re

leva

nt)

ch

ange

s to

the

pers

on’s

med

icine

s man

agem

ent p

lan,

incl

udin

g th

e ra

tiona

le b

ehin

d th

ese

chan

ges

th

e re

view

pla

n, re

com

men

datio

ns, a

nd d

ate

for n

ext r

evie

w

ou

tcom

es o

f tre

atm

ent

H1.5

.1 E

ngag

es in

ong

oing

pro

fess

iona

l dev

elop

men

t and

edu

catio

n to

impr

ove

pres

crib

ing

prac

tices

H1

.6.1

Impl

emen

ts st

rate

gies

to a

ddre

ss in

fluen

ces t

hat m

ay b

ias p

resc

ribin

g de

cisio

ns, i

nclu

ding

:

mar

ketin

g in

fluen

ces

po

ssib

le p

erso

nal,

prof

essio

nal o

r fin

ancia

l gai

n

conf

licts

of i

nter

est

th

e he

alth

pro

fess

iona

l’s o

wn

belie

fs, v

alue

s, an

d ex

perie

nces

Page

| 5

9 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

Lega

l and

pro

fess

iona

l req

uire

men

ts

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s not

iden

tifie

d H1

.3.1

Dem

onst

rate

s kno

wle

dge

of a

nd c

ompl

ies w

ith n

atio

nal,

stat

e an

d te

rrito

ry, a

nd fa

cility

pol

icie

s and

pro

cedu

res i

n re

latio

n to

pre

scrib

ing

H1.3

.2 D

emon

stra

tes a

ppro

pria

te p

rofe

ssio

nal j

udge

men

t whe

n in

terp

r etin

g an

d ap

plyi

ng g

uide

lines

and

pro

toco

ls to

the

pers

on’s

situa

tion

H1.3

.3 C

ontr

ibut

es to

the

impr

ovem

ent o

f pol

icie

s and

pro

cedu

res f

or th

e ju

dici

ous,

appr

opria

te, s

afe

and

effe

ctiv

e us

e of

med

icine

s H2

.1.1

Adh

eres

to le

gisla

tive

and

wor

kpla

ce re

quire

men

ts fo

r obt

aini

ng a

nd re

cord

ing

cons

ent f

or:

ac

cess

ing

heal

th re

cord

s

obta

inin

g in

form

atio

n fr

om, a

nd p

rovi

ding

info

rmat

ion

to, o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

co

nduc

ting

a cli

nica

l exa

min

atio

n

prov

idin

g cli

nica

l ser

vice

s

the

pote

ntia

l ben

efits

and

har

ms o

f tre

atm

ent

th

e fin

ancia

l asp

ects

of t

he tr

eatm

ent



Prescribing competencies relating to communication style and therapeutic partnership with patients map well, as do the prescribing competencies relating to respect for the patient.

Prescribing competencies that map partly are involving the patient’s family or carers in the consultation, exploring and responding to patient concerns and providing clear written and verbal information to enable informed decision making.

Competencies that are not covered by the dietetic standards are considering the power differential between the health professional and the patient, and ascertaining that information has been understood correctly.


The prescribing competency relating to provision of information for collaboration with other health professionals maps completely with the dietetic standards.

Prescribing competencies that map partly are engaging in open discussion with, and providing clear written and verbal information to, other health professionals.

Competencies that are not covered are responding appropriately to communication and confirming understanding of information provided by other health professionals.


Prescribing competencies relating to assessment and diagnosis that map completely are performing relevant clinical examinations within scope of practice, and synthesising assessment information to develop provisional and differential diagnoses.

The dietetic standards are quite broad in description, and the lack of detail means several competencies in this category only map partly. These include conducting an appropriate assessment, reviewing and interpreting information in the person’s health records and obtaining information from the patient. The dietetic standards do not detail the specifics of the information to be obtained from the patient such as medicines, allergies, alcohol and substance abuse; information that is vital when prescribing a medicine. Other competencies that map partly are assessing risk factors for non-adherence and explaining the clinical issues and implications to the patient.

Prescribing competencies not covered in this category are ascertaining sufficient information has been obtained, and developing a diagnostic strategy and performing relevant investigations.


Prescribing competencies that map completely include recognising when non pharmacological treatment is appropriate, referral when treatment is outside scope of practice, negotiating therapeutic goals that enhance self-management and developing a treatment plan in partnership with the patient.

Some of the prescribing competencies in this category are only partly covered because they specifically relate to selection of medicine. These include; integrating knowledge to identify medicine options, obtaining and interpreting medicines information, considering medicines cost and affordability, discussion of medicine options and treatment preference with the patient, consulting


other health professionals about potential medicines and supplementing verbal with written information about potential medicines.

Not surprisingly, prescribing competencies specifically relating to medicine selection and ordering, such as medicine information and knowledge, application of Quality Use of Medicines (QUM) principles, obtaining approval for medicine use and providing appropriate medication orders, were not identified in the dietetic standards.

Other competencies not identified related to interaction with the patient regarding initiation of medicine. These include allowing the patient time to make a decision, reaching agreement with the patient regarding medicine choice, stopping or modifying existing medicines and ensuring patient understanding of therapeutic goals, management and how to use the medicine safely and effectively. In addition the prescribing competency relating to recognising when it is clinically appropriate not to intervene was not identified in the dietetic standards.


The national competency standard ‘Implements, evaluates and adapts nutrition care plans/programs/services’ covers much of this category, but lack of specificity limits close mapping to the Prescribing Competencies Framework.

Prescribing competencies fully covered are identifying the need for, and developing a review plan, and working in partnership with the patient and other health professionals to modify the treatment plan.

Prescribing competencies partly covered include observing the patient, discussing treatment response and using information gained to determine treatment success/need for adjustment. Other prescribing competencies partly covered are discussing the findings with the patient and organising the next review.

Competencies not identified in the dietetic standards are obtaining additional information to assess response, reporting issues arising from the review and identifying the need for a comprehensive medicines review.


Prescribing competencies relating to scope of practice, professional standards, codes of conduct and accountability map completely with the dietetic standards, as does demonstrating respect for the scope of practice of other health professionals.

Competencies that map partly include knowledge and compliance with legislation applicable to prescribing, maintenance of records and implementing strategies to address potential prescribing bias. The prescribing competency relating to ongoing professional development with respect to prescribing practices maps partly. Although the dietetic standards cover CPD requirements, prescribing is currently not within scope of practice, so is not covered by CPD statements. If prescribing becomes an activity within scope of practice, then this competency will map fully.

Prescribing competencies not identified in the dietetic standards include knowledge and compliance with policies and procedures in relation to prescribing, and adherence to requirements for consent. In addition competencies relating to interpretation and application of guidelines and protocols, and contribution to the improvement of policies and procedures relating to medicines use, did not map.


LLearning Outcomes Mapping

The learning outcomes were mapped at an element level to provide additional information regarding undergraduate education and training. The results of the mapping for the QUT Bachelor of Nutrition and Dietetics program of study are shown in table B2, appendix B.

The following Prescribing Competencies Framework elements were not identified in the learning objectives:

Element 3.2: Works in partnership with the person and other health professionals to select medicines and to tailor and implement a treatment plan

Element 3.3: Develops a review plan tailored to the person’s needs


Element 4.2: Provides information about medicines and the treatment plan with the person’s consent to other health professionals who provide care to the person



Element H1.1: Practices within the applicable legislative and regulatory frameworks

Element H1.4: Practices quality use of medicines principles



Element H2.2” Acknowledges the person, their family, and carers as integral to care and collaborates to achieve optimal health outcomes

Mapping dietetic prescribing capability against Prescribing Models

To provide additional information to identify the prescribing capabilities of dietitians, the performance criteria of the Prescribing Competencies Framework were mapped against the HPPP models of prescribing. The results from the dietetic mapping were then included to create a summary table (table 4). This table builds a clearer picture of the competency expectations dependent on the prescribing model, and indicates current gaps in dietetic prescribing competence.

Page

| 6

3 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

Tabl

e 4:

Rel

atio

nshi

p be

twee

n th

e Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies F

ram

ewor

k, th

e HP

PP p

resc

ribin

g m

odel

s and

the

prof

essio

nal s

tand

ards

for d

ietit

ians

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

die

titia

n

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

die

titia

n

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Com

pete

ncy

Area

1 U

nder

stan

ds th

e pe

rson

and

thei

r clin

ical n

eeds

Elem

ent 1

.1 E

stab

lishe

s a th

erap

eutic

par

tner

ship

with

the

pers

on a

nd a

colla

bora

tive

rela

tions

hip

with

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls

1.1.

1 Us

es a

ppro

pria

te

com

mun

icat

ion

stra

tegi

es to

es

tabl

ish a

ther

apeu

tic p

artn

ersh

ip

with

the

pers

on

Elem

ent 1

.2 P

erfo

rms a

com

preh

ensiv

e m

edic

ines

ass

essm

ent t

o ob

tain

info

rmat

ion

to u

nder

stan

d th

e pe

rson

’s cl

inica

l nee

ds a

nd co

ntex

t

1.2.

1 Co

nduc

ts a

n as

sess

men

t tha

t is

appr

opria

te to

bot

h th

e he

alth

pr

ofes

siona

l’s sc

ope

of p

ract

ice a

nd

the

pers

on’s

clini

cal c

onte

xt

1.2.

2 Re

view

s and

inte

rpre

ts

info

rmat

ion

in th

e pe

rson

’s he

alth

re

cord

s

NNot

es

In

dica

tes a

per

form

ance

crit

erio

n cco

nsid

ered

ess

entia

l for

that

mod

el o

f pre

scrib

ing

In

dica

tes a

per

form

ance

crit

erio

n nno

t ccon

sider

ed e

ssen

tial f

or th

at m

odel

of p

resc

ribin

g

# Ac

cord

ing

to re

leva

nt le

gisla

tion.

Not

e ac

cord

ing

to th

e Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies

Fram

ewor

k, a

pre

scrip

tion

may

pro

vide

an

orde

r to

adm

inist

er, r

athe

r tha

n di

spe n

se.

Page

| 6

4 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

die

titia

n

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

die

titia

n

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

1.2.

3 O

btai

ns re

leva

nt in

form

atio

n fr

om th

e pe

rson

abo

ut th

eir

med

icin

es, a

nd th

eir m

edic

al a

nd

clin

ical

hist

ory,

inclu

ding

thei

r co-

exist

ing

cond

ition

s, tr

eatm

ents

, al

coho

l and

subs

tanc

e us

e, a

llerg

ies

and

soci

al co

ntex

t

1.2.

4 As

sess

es th

e pe

rson

’s ris

k fa

ctor

s for

poo

r adh

eren

ce; f

or

exam

ple

soci

al is

olat

ion,

phy

sical

im

pairm

ent,

cogn

itive

impa

irmen

t or

dist

urba

nce,

low

Eng

lish

prof

icien

cy,

low

hea

lth li

tera

cy, f

inan

cial

di

sadv

anta

ge.

1.2.

5 As

cert

ains

that

suffi

cient

in

form

atio

n ha

s bee

n ob

tain

ed a

bout

th

e pe

rson

’s co

-exi

stin

g co

nditi

ons

and

curr

ent t

reat

men

ts to

iden

tify

poss

ible

risk

s and

cont

rain

dica

tions

fo

r tre

atm

ent

1.2.

6 Pe

rform

s clin

ical

exa

min

atio

ns

that

are

with

in th

e he

alth

pr

ofes

siona

l’s o

wn

scop

e of

pra

ctice

an

d re

leva

nt to

the

pers

on’s

prob

lem

an

d in

terp

rets

the

findi

ngs o

f the

se

exam

inat

ions

Page

| 6

5 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

die

titia

n

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

die

titia

n

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Elem

ent 1

.3 G

ener

ates

and

exp

lore

s pos

sible

dia

gnos

es

1.3.

1 Sy

nthe

sises

info

rmat

ion

from

th

e co

mpr

ehen

sive

asse

ssm

ent a

nd

deve

lops

pro

visio

nal a

nd d

iffer

entia

l di

agno

ses

1.3.

2 De

velo

ps a

dia

gnos

tic st

rate

gy

and

perf

orm

s rel

evan

t inv

estig

atio

ns

1.3.

3 Ex

plai

ns th

e cli

nica

l iss

ues a

nd

thei

r im

plica

tions

to th

e pe

rson

Com

pete

ncy

Area

2 T

reat

men

t opt

ions

: Un

ders

tand

s the

trea

tmen

t opt

ions

and

how

they

supp

ort t

he p

erso

n’s c

linic

al n

eed

Elem

ent 2

.1 C

onsid

ers n

on-p

harm

acol

ogica

l tre

atm

ent o

ptio

ns su

itabl

e fo

r tre

atin

g th

e pe

rson

and

thei

r con

ditio

n

2.1.

1 Re

cogn

ises w

hen

it is

clini

cally

ap

prop

riate

not

to in

terv

ene;

for

exam

ple,

in ca

ses w

here

the

signs

an

d sy

mpt

oms a

re li

kely

to re

solv

e w

ithou

t tre

atm

ent

2.1.

2 Re

cogn

ises w

hen

it is

clini

cally

ap

prop

riate

to im

plem

ent n

on-

phar

mac

olog

ical t

reat

men

ts

Page

| 6

6 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

die

titia

n

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

die

titia

n

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Elem

ent 2

.2 Id

entif

ies a

ppro

pria

te m

edici

nes o

ptio

ns th

at ca

n be

inco

rpor

ated

into

the

pers

on’s

trea

tmen

t pla

n

2.2.

1 In

tegr

ates

kno

wle

dge

of

phar

mac

olog

y, o

ther

bio

med

ical

sc

ienc

es, c

linica

l med

icine

, and

th

erap

eutic

s and

iden

tifie

s med

icine

s su

itabl

e fo

r tre

atin

g th

e co

nditi

on

✗

2.2.

2 O

btai

ns, i

nter

pret

s, an

d ap

plie

s cu

rren

t evi

denc

e an

d in

form

atio

n ab

out m

edici

nes t

o in

form

dec

ision

s ab

out i

ncor

pora

ting

med

icine

s int

o th

e pe

rson

’s tr

eatm

ent p

lan

✗

2.2.

3 Id

entif

ies m

edic

ines

opt

ions

th

at a

re li

kely

to p

rovi

de

ther

apeu

tical

ly e

ffect

ive

and

safe

tr

eatm

ent a

nd ta

ilors

them

for t

he

pers

on

✗

2.2.

4 Co

nsid

ers t

he co

st a

nd

affo

rdab

ility

of t

he m

edici

nes t

o th

e pe

rson

✗

2.2.

5 Co

nsid

ers t

he im

plic

atio

ns to

th

e w

ider

com

mun

ity o

f usin

g a

part

icula

r med

icine

to tr

eat t

he

pers

on

✗

Page

| 6

7 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

die

titia

n

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

die

titia

n

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

2.2.

6 Di

scus

ses t

he tr

eatm

ent o

ptio

ns

and

med

icine

s with

the

pers

on,

cons

ider

ing:

the

prio

ritie

s for

tr

eatin

g th

eir c

urre

nt c

ondi

tion

and

co-e

xist

ing

cond

ition

s; th

eir r

eadi

ness

to

add

ress

the

curr

ent c

ondi

tion;

th

eir e

xpec

tatio

ns o

f tre

atm

ent

2.2.

7 Su

pple

men

ts v

erba

l inf

orm

atio

n w

ith w

ritte

n in

form

atio

n ab

out t

he

cond

ition

and

trea

tmen

t opt

ions

(w

here

app

ropr

iate

)

2.2.

8 Al

low

s the

per

son

time

to m

ake

an in

form

ed d

ecisi

on a

bout

thei

r tr

eatm

ent

2.2.

9 Re

fers

the

pers

on fo

r fur

ther

as

sess

men

t or t

reat

men

t whe

n th

e su

itabl

e tr

eatm

ent o

ptio

ns a

re

outs

ide

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n sc

ope

of p

ract

ice

Page

| 6

8 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

die

titia

n

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

die

titia

n

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Com

pete

ncy

Area

3 S

hare

d de

cisio

n m

akin

g: W

orks

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

to d

evel

op a

nd im

plem

ent a

trea

tmen

t pla

n

Elem

ent 3

.1 N

egot

iate

s the

rape

utic

goal

s with

the

pers

on

3.1.

1 Ne

gotia

tes t

hera

peut

ic go

als

that

enh

ance

the

pers

on’s

self-

man

agem

ent o

f the

ir co

nditi

on

✗

3.1.

2 As

cert

ains

that

all

part

ies h

ave

a co

mm

on u

nder

stan

ding

of t

he

ther

apeu

tic g

oals

and

how

they

will

be

man

aged

Elem

ent 3

.2 W

orks

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

and

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls to

sele

ct m

edic

ines

and

to ta

ilor a

nd im

plem

ent a

trea

tmen

t pla

n

3.2.

1 Ex

plor

es th

e pe

rson

’s op

inio

ns

and

pref

eren

ces c

once

rnin

g m

edic

ines

and

the

trea

tmen

t pla

n

✗

3.2.

2 Co

nsul

ts o

ther

hea

lth

prof

essio

nals

abou

t pot

entia

l m

edic

ines

and

the

trea

tmen

t pla

n

3.2.

3 Re

ache

s agr

eem

ent w

ith th

e pe

rson

abo

ut m

edici

nes t

o be

use

d to

tr

eat t

heir

cond

ition

✗

3.2.

4 De

velo

ps th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

in

part

ners

hip

with

the

pers

on

✗

Page

| 6

9 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

die

titia

n

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

die

titia

n

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

3.2.

5 O

btai

ns a

ppro

val t

o us

e th

e m

edic

ines

(whe

re re

leva

nt)

✗ ✗

3.2.

6 St

ops o

r mod

ifies

the

pers

on’s

exist

ing

med

icine

s and

oth

er

man

agem

ent s

trat

egie

s if r

equi

red

3.2.

7 En

sure

s the

per

son

unde

rsta

nds

the

trea

tmen

t pla

n an

d ho

w to

use

th

e m

edic

ine

safe

ly a

nd e

ffect

ivel

y

Elem

ent 3

.3 D

evel

ops a

revi

ew p

lan

tailo

red

to th

e pe

rson

’s ne

eds

3.3.

1 Id

entif

ies t

he n

eed

for,

and

deve

lops

a re

view

pla

n

Com

pete

ncy

Area

4 C

o-or

dina

tion:

Com

mun

icate

s the

trea

tmen

t pla

n cle

arly

to o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

Elem

ent 4

.1 P

rovi

des c

lear

inst

ruct

ions

to o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

who

disp

ense

, sup

ply,

or a

dmin

ister

med

icine

s pre

scrib

ed fo

r the

per

son

4.1.

1 Pr

epar

es p

resc

riptio

ns o

r m

edic

atio

n or

ders

that

com

ply

with

re

leva

nt le

gisla

tion,

gui

delin

es o

r co

des o

f pra

ctice

, and

org

anisa

tiona

l po

licie

s and

pro

cedu

res

Page

| 7

0 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

die

titia

n

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

die

titia

n

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

4.1.

2 Pr

ovid

es a

ccur

ate

and

clear

ve

rbal

med

icatio

n or

ders

that

com

ply

with

rele

vant

legi

slatio

n, g

uide

lines

or

code

s of p

ract

ice

and

orga

nisa

tiona

l pol

icies

and

pr

oced

ures

(whe

re re

leva

nt)

✗ #

#

Elem

ent 4

.2 P

rovi

des i

nfor

mat

ion

abou

t med

icin

es a

nd th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

with

the

pers

on’s

cons

ent t

o ot

her h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls w

ho p

rovi

de ca

re to

the

pers

on

4.2.

1 Pr

ovid

es in

form

atio

n fo

r co

llabo

ratio

n to

mem

bers

of i

nter

-pr

ofes

siona

l hea

lthca

re te

ams b

oth

with

in fa

ciliti

es a

nd th

e co

mm

unity

Com

pete

ncy

Area

5 M

onito

rs a

nd re

view

s: M

onito

rs a

nd re

view

s the

per

son’

s res

pons

e to

trea

tmen

t

Elem

ent 5

.1 O

btai

ns in

form

atio

n to

ass

ess t

he p

erso

n’s r

espo

nse

to tr

eatm

ent

5.1.

1 O

bser

ves t

he p

erso

n to

as

cert

ain

thei

r res

pons

e to

trea

tmen

t (w

here

rele

vant

)

5.1.

2 Di

scus

ses w

ith th

e pe

rson

and

ot

her h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls, th

eir:

ex

perie

nce

with

impl

emen

ting

the

trea

tmen

t pla

n

adhe

renc

e, in

cludi

ng a

ny is

sues

ar

ising

and

pos

sible

way

s to

impr

ove

adhe

renc

e

Page

| 7

1 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

die

titia

n

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

die

titia

n

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

pe

rcep

tion

or o

bser

vatio

n of

the

med

icin

es’ b

enef

its a

nd a

dver

se

effe

cts

as

sess

men

t of w

heth

er th

e th

erap

eutic

goa

ls ha

ve b

een

achi

eved

5.1.

3 O

btai

ns a

dditi

onal

info

rmat

ion

to a

sses

s whe

ther

the

ther

apeu

tic

goal

s hav

e be

en a

chie

ved

by

exam

inin

g th

e pe

rson

, req

uest

ing

inve

stig

atio

ns, a

nd in

terp

retin

g th

e fin

ding

s (w

here

rele

vant

)

5.1.

4 Sy

nthe

sises

info

rmat

ion

prov

ided

by

the

pers

on, o

ther

hea

lth

prof

essio

nals,

and

from

clin

ical

exam

inat

ions

and

inve

stig

atio

ns to

de

term

ine

whe

ther

:

th

e th

erap

eutic

goa

ls ha

ve b

een

achi

eved

trea

tmen

t sho

uld

be st

oppe

d,

mod

ified

or c

ontin

ued

th

e pe

rson

shou

ld b

e re

ferr

ed to

an

othe

r hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nal

Page

| 7

2 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

die

titia

n

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

die

titia

n

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Elem

ent 5

.2 W

orks

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

and

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls to

add

ress

issu

es a

risin

g fro

m th

e re

view

5.2.

1 Di

scus

ses t

he fi

ndin

gs o

f the

re

view

with

the

pers

on

5.2.

2 Id

entif

ies i

f the

per

son

requ

ires

a co

mpr

ehen

sive

med

icine

s rev

iew

5.2.

3 W

orks

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

and

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls to

mod

ify th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

to

optim

ise th

e sa

fety

and

effe

ctiv

enes

s of

trea

tmen

t (w

here

rele

vant

)

5.2.

4 Re

port

s iss

ues a

risin

g fr

om th

e re

view

5.2.

5 O

rgan

ises t

he n

ext r

evie

w

Com

pete

ncy

Area

H1

Prof

essio

nal:

Prac

tices

pro

fess

iona

lly

Elem

ent H

1.1

Prac

tices

with

in th

e ap

plic

able

legi

slativ

e an

d re

gula

tory

fram

ewor

ks

H1.1

.1 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

, an

d co

mpl

ies w

ith, l

egisl

atio

n,

regu

latio

ns, a

nd co

mm

on la

w

appl

icabl

e to

pre

scrib

ing

(as f

urth

er

Page

| 7

3 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

die

titia

n

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

die

titia

n

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

defin

ed b

y th

e kn

owle

dge

subs

ectio

n of

this

com

pete

ncy

area

) H1

.1.2

Mai

ntai

ns a

ccur

ate

and

com

plet

e re

cord

s of:

th

e co

nsul

tatio

n

clin

ical

exa

min

atio

ns a

nd

inve

stig

atio

n re

sults

risk

fact

ors f

or m

edici

nes

misa

dven

ture

the

pers

on’s

decis

ion

to d

eclin

e tr

eatm

ent (

whe

re re

leva

nt)

ch

ange

s to

the

pers

on’s

med

icine

s m

anag

emen

t pla

n, in

cludi

ng th

e ra

tiona

le b

ehin

d th

ese

chan

ges

th

e re

view

pla

n,

reco

mm

enda

tions

, and

dat

e fo

r ne

xt re

view

outc

omes

of t

reat

men

t

Elem

ent H

1.2

Prac

tices

acc

ordi

ng to

pro

fess

iona

l sta

ndar

ds, c

odes

of c

ondu

ct, a

nd w

ithin

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n sc

ope

of p

ract

ice

H1.2

.1 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

an

d co

mpl

ianc

e w

ith:

pr

ofes

siona

l sta

ndar

ds

co

des o

f con

duct

Page

| 7

4 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

die

titia

n

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

die

titia

n

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

sc

ope

of p

ract

ice st

atem

ents

or

guid

elin

es

H1.2

.2 P

ract

ices w

ithin

the

limits

of

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n ed

ucat

ion,

trai

ning

and

scop

e of

pr

actic

e

H1.2

.3 D

emon

stra

tes r

espe

ct fo

r the

sc

ope

of p

ract

ice o

f oth

er h

ealth

pr

ofes

siona

ls an

d th

eir c

ontr

ibut

ion

with

in a

col

labo

rativ

e ca

re m

odel

, pa

rticu

larly

that

of t

he p

erso

n’s m

ain

heal

thca

re p

rovi

der

H1.2

.4 A

ccep

ts re

spon

sibili

ty a

nd is

ac

coun

tabl

e fo

r the

car

e pr

ovid

ed to

th

e pe

rson

Elem

ent H

1.3

Prac

tices

with

in th

e ap

plic

able

fram

ewor

ks o

f the

hea

lthca

re se

ttin

g an

d sy

stem

H1.3

.1 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

an

d co

mpl

ies w

ith n

atio

nal,

stat

e an

d te

rrito

ry, a

nd fa

cility

pol

icies

and

pr

oced

ures

in re

latio

n to

pre

scrib

ing

H1.3

.2 D

emon

stra

tes a

ppro

pria

te

prof

essio

nal j

udge

men

t whe

n in

terp

retin

g an

d ap

plyi

ng g

uide

lines

Page

| 7

5 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

die

titia

n

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

die

titia

n

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

and

prot

ocol

s to

the

pers

on’s

situa

tion

H1.3

.3 C

ontr

ibut

es to

the

impr

ovem

ent o

f pol

icies

and

pr

oced

ures

for t

he ju

dici

ous,

appr

opria

te, s

afe

and

effe

ctiv

e us

e of

m

edic

ines

✗

Elem

ent H

1.4

Prac

tices

qua

lity

use

of m

edici

nes p

rinci

ples

H1.4

.1 A

pplie

s qua

lity

use

of

med

icin

es p

rinci

ples

whe

n pr

escr

ibin

g m

edici

nes

H1.4

.2 Id

entif

ies c

omm

on c

ause

s of

med

icin

es e

rror

s and

adv

erse

eve

nts,

and

impl

emen

ts st

rate

gies

to re

duce

th

e ris

ks o

f the

se o

ccur

ring

H1.4

.3 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

th

e m

edic

ines

com

mon

ly p

resc

ribed

H1.4

.4 C

ritica

lly e

valu

ates

in

form

atio

n ab

out m

edici

nes a

nd

mak

es e

vide

nce-

base

d de

cisio

ns

✗

Page

| 7

6 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

die

titia

n

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

die

titia

n

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

abou

t med

icine

s in

the

heal

th

prof

essio

nal’s

ow

n pr

actic

e

Elem

ent H

1.5

Dem

onst

rate

s a co

mm

itmen

t to

cont

inua

l qua

lity

impr

ovem

ent o

f the

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n pr

escr

ibin

g

H1.5

.1 E

ngag

es in

ong

oing

pr

ofes

siona

l dev

elop

men

t and

ed

ucat

ion

to im

prov

e pr

escr

ibin

g pr

actic

es

Elem

ent H

1.6

Addr

esse

s the

pot

entia

l for

bia

s in

pres

crib

ing

deci

sions

H1.6

.1 Im

plem

ents

stra

tegi

es to

ad

dres

s inf

luen

ces t

hat m

ay b

ias

pres

crib

ing

decis

ions

, inc

ludi

ng:

m

arke

ting

influ

ence

s

poss

ible

per

sona

l, pr

ofes

siona

l or

finan

cial g

ain

co

nflic

ts o

f int

eres

t

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n be

liefs

, val

ues,

and

expe

rienc

es

✗

Com

pete

ncy

Area

H2

Com

mun

icate

s: Co

mm

unic

ates

and

col

labo

rate

s effe

ctiv

ely

with

the

pers

on a

nd o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

Elem

ent H

2.1

Obta

ins c

onse

nt to

pro

vide

clin

ical s

ervi

ces t

o th

e pe

rson

Page

| 7

7 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for a

die

titia

n

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r

supe

rvisi

on

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

die

titia

n

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

diet

itian

H2.1

.1 A

dher

es to

legi

slativ

e an

d w

orkp

lace

requ

irem

ents

for o

btai

ning

an

d re

cord

ing

cons

ent f

or:

ac

cess

ing

heal

th re

cord

s

obta

inin

g in

form

atio

n fr

om, a

nd

prov

idin

g in

form

atio

n to

, oth

er

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nals

co

nduc

ting

a cli

nica

l exa

min

atio

n

prov

idin

g cli

nica

l ser

vice

s

the

pote

ntia

l ben

efits

and

har

ms

of tr

eatm

ent

th

e fin

ancia

l asp

ects

of t

he

trea

tmen

t

Elem

ent H

2.2

Ackn

owle

dges

the

pers

on, t

heir

fam

ily, a

nd ca

rers

as i

nteg

ral t

o ca

re a

nd co

llabo

rate

s to

achi

eve

optim

al h

ealth

out

com

es

H2.2

.1 In

volv

es th

e pe

rson

’s fa

mily

or

care

rs in

the

cons

ulta

tion

whe

re

appr

opria

te

H2.2

.2 E

xplo

res a

nd re

spon

ds

appr

opria

tely

to th

e pe

rson

’s co

ncer

ns a

nd e

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the

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on

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espe

cts t

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n’s v

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liefs

, and

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erie

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espe

cts t

he p

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n’s p

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y an

d co

nfid

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n’s

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ons

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Page

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9 A

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pre

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onsid

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tial i

ssue

of

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ed p

ower

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eren

ces

betw

een

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heal

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ssio

nal a

nd

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pers

on

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.3 P

rovi

des c

lear

and

app

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iate

w

ritte

n an

d ve

rbal

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ion

to th

e pe

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to e

nabl

e th

em to

mak

e in

form

ed ch

oice

s and

ach

ieve

opt

imal

he

alth

out

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scer

tain

s tha

t the

in

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atio

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as b

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ting

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tmen

ts w

ith

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icin

es o

r mod

ifyin

g ex

istin

g tr

eatm

ent p

lans


7.3.3 Discussion

The National Competency Standards for Dietitians in Australia and the Statement of Ethical Practice are not as comprehensive as other allied health standards, particularly in relation to assessment, diagnosis and monitoring of therapy. It is likely that many of the prescribing activities that do not map well are undertaken in actual practice, but due to their lack of documentation in the professional standards, are perceived not to map to the Prescribing Competencies Framework. These include the following:

Reviews and interprets information in the person’s health records Performs relevant clinical examinations within scope of practice Develops a diagnostic strategy and performs relevant investigations Explains the clinical issues and implications to the person Allows the person time to make an informed decision about their treatment Ascertains that all parties have a common understanding of the therapeutic goals and how they

will be managed Ascertains that the information provided has been received and understood correctly Organises the next review Considers the potential issue of perceived power differences between the health professional

and the person Confirms that their own understanding of information provided by other health professionals is



Medication and allergy history taking Adherence assessment Medication selection competencies

o Identification of safe, appropriate, effective medicine options o Stopping or modifying existing medicines if required o Medication knowledge o QUM principles

Medication orders Ensuring the person understands the treatment plan and how to use the medicine safely and

effectively Legislative requirements relating to medicines

Mapping of the learning objectives for the representative undergraduate program of study provided limited information to assess graduate capability with respect to prescribing. The learning objectives are quite broad in their statements and, without review of individual lectures and tutorials, it if impossible to say to what extent they map with the Prescribing Competencies Framework. Mapping at an element level rather than a performance criteria level is also less specific; not all performance criteria within the element may be covered by the learning objectives. This mapping does, however, give an indication of the coverage of Prescribing Competencies Framework by a DAA accredited program of study. It also appears that areas not well covered in the professionals standards, for


example medication orders, assessing response to treatment, quality use of medicines and medicine legislation are also not covered in the learning objectives.

Some of the elements which could not be identified in the learning objectives such as obtaining consent and obtaining information to assess the person’s response to treatment are likely to be covered in clinical placements. Other such as providing instruction to other health professionals who dispense, supply, or administer medicines prescribed for the person or practicing quality use of medicines principles are clearly outside of current scope and would require an addition to the curriculum.

As indicated in table 4, the requisite competencies for safe and effective prescribing differ dependent on the model of prescribing to be used. The number of competencies required to prescribe under supervision or autonomously is greater than those required to prescribe via a structured prescribing arrangement. This information can be used to identify the additional training that would be required to achieve dietetic prescribing competence dependent on the model of prescribing. Table B3, appendix B shows the competencies not met or only partly met by the dietetic standards and indicates the additional training required dependent on the prescribing model. The additional training required for prescribing under a structured prescribing arrangement is as follows:

Medication history taking training, including adherence assessment and ascertaining that sufficient information has been obtained

Interpretation and application of guidelines and protocols appropriate to model of prescribing

QUM principles appropriate to model of prescribing Knowledge of the medicines to be prescribed (including potential adverse reactions and

errors) Identification of potential problems with existing medicines and cessation or adjustment as

appropriate Obtaining and recording consent for medicine use Legislation, policies and procedures applicable to model of prescribing Writing of medicine orders appropriate to model of prescribing Recording keeping with respect to medicine use Review of medicine therapy and reporting of issues arising from the review Identification of person’s need for comprehensive medicines review Communication with the person regarding medicine choice, safe and effective use of the

medicine and experience with medicine use Provision of verbal and written medicines information to facilitate informed choice Consulting other health professionals with respect to medicine choice Provision of written and verbal medicines information to other health professionals




treated


Tailoring of medicine to the person’s needs Consideration of cost of medicines to be prescribed Implication to the wider community with respect to prescribing Communication with the person with respect to opinions and preferences regarding

medicines and the treatment plan Communication with respect to medicines options and reaching agreement with the person Ethical issues with respect to prescribing Provision of verbal orders if required appropriate for model of prescribing Obtaining approval for medicine use if required

There are a number of routes by which competency to prescribe could be achieved. The competencies to prescribe via a structured prescribing arrangement could be incorporated into pre-entry programs of study with minimal adjustment. Authority to prescribe under supervision or autonomously requires additional training, which could be provided in the way of postgraduate training with appropriate assessment and credentialing to ensure competency. The majority of the competencies are not profession specific, so there is the possibility of the development of a generic allied health prescribing course. This could be provided in combination with workplace supervision and mentoring, to train and subsequently assess dietetic prescribers. Over time it may be possible to incorporate all aspects of prescribing into pre-entry programs of study.

In order to progress the introduction of dietitian prescribing of medicines within scope of practice, processes around the accreditation of prescribing training programs and recognition of prescriber status need to be developed.


In addition AHPRA has established a Prescribing Working Group whose aim is to ‘develop a governance framework and other resources to support the development and review of national board regulatory policy relating to prescribing of scheduled medicines’(6). This working group provides a useful mechanism to facilitate active collaboration between health professions and the Forum, with a view to consistency of accreditation. Whilst DAA is neither a member body of the Forum or AHPRA, it is possible that they could adopt any accreditation framework that is developed and use it to accredit prescribing training programs suitable for dietetic prescribing. Alternatively DAA could independently develop their own accreditation standards. As an ongoing goal the Prescribing Competencies Framework should be embedded in any prescribing accreditation standards developed. This approach is evidenced in the 2015 Nurse Practitioner and Endorsement for Scheduled Medicines for Midwives Accreditation Standards, both of which require a map of subjects against the Prescribing Competencies Framework(31, 32).


7.4 Recommendations

If dietetic prescribing is to occur, consideration needs to be given to the process by which dietitians are recognised as competent to prescribe.

As discussed previously, in Queensland the authority to prescribe is legislated under the Health (Drugs and Poisons) Regulation 1996 (HDPR), therefore, amendments to the regulation would be required to authorise dietitians to prescribe. As a temporary measure, prescribing could occur within Queensland under the section 18 approval process, which has been used previously to authorise prescribing trials in pharmacy and physiotherapy.

If dietetic prescribing is to occur at a national level, professional standards should be revised to include prescribing competencies. Amendments to the relevant medicines regulation in each state and territory would also be required.

In order to progress dietetic prescribing it is recommended that DAA:

Develop or adopt an accreditation framework and use it to accredit prescribing training programs suitable for dietetic prescribing

Establish a process to credential dietitians to prescribe, dependent on completion of an accredited prescribing program of study. In order to maintain continuing professional development standards and currency of practice, only Accredited Practising Dietitians should be credentialed to prescribe


8 Psychology 8.1 Background information

As of March 2015 there were 26,528 practising psychologists with general registration in Australia(43). The latest skill shortage occupational report for psychologists in Australia lists the February 2014 labour market rating as ‘no shortage’. The same document also shows a strong increase in the number of students commencing and completing higher education psychology qualifications(44).


General Registration

In Australia the psychology profession is regulated by the National Law(26). All psychologists are required to be registered with the Psychology Board of Australia (PsyBA), supported by the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA).

The education and training requirement for general registration is a six year sequence. This comprises of a four year accredited sequence of study such as an honours degree, followed by an accredited postgraduate degree such as a Masters, or a period of supervised practice as a provisional psychologist. The PsyBA approved qualifications that lead to general registration are, therefore, as follows:

a) An accredited Master’s degree; or b) A five year accredited sequence of study followed by a one year Board approved internship

(5+1); or c) A four year accredited sequence of study followed by a two year Board approved internship

(4+2); or d) A qualification that in the Board’s opinion is substantially equivalent to either (a), (b) or (c).

In addition to the completion of an approved qualification, an applicant also has to sit the national psychology examination, (unless specific exemptions apply), before applying for general registration.

The Australian Psychology Society

The Australian Psychological society (APS) is the largest professional body for psychologists in Australia, with over 21,000 members(45). It has a number of functions including advocacy, representation of its members to the public and other professions, provision of information and professional development activities(46).

There are various levels of memberships available:

Associate Membership-open to all psychologists who have completed an accredited 4-year sequence of study

Membership-open to psychologists who have completed an accredited 6-year sequence of study in psychology (4 years undergraduate plus 2 years or more postgraduate)

Fellowship-existing APS members must be nominated by an APS Fellow and have a minimum of 10 years’ experience in psychological work or study subsequent to being elected to the grade of Member. The candidate must also have made a substantial contribution to the activities of the Society for a minimum of 5 years and have and advanced knowledge of


psychology and have made significant contribution to advancement of knowledge, professional practice and education of others

In addition there are student and affiliate membership categories

The APS were asked to participate in the HPPP project, and submitted a response to Health Workforce Australia’s consultation paper in May 2012(47).


The Australian Psychology Accreditation Council (APAC) is the accreditation authority responsible for accrediting education providers and programs of study for the psychology professions.

As discussed above, the education requirement for general registration as a psychologist is a 6 year sequence of study that can be achieved by a number of different routes. The education and training options are illustrated in Figure 1 (note: not all available psychology course titles in Australia are included):


Figure 1 Education and Training options for general registration as a Psychologist in Australia


88.1.3 Areas of endorsement of registration

The PsyBA allows for subsequent endorsement of registration in the following areas of practice(48):

Clinical neuropsychology Clinical psychology Community psychology Counselling psychology Educational and developmental psychology Forensic psychology Health psychology Organisational psychology Sport and exercise psychology

Endorsement of registration facilitates recognition of practitioners who have an additional qualification and advanced supervised practice in a specific field of psychology.

There are two pathways for obtaining endorsement:

The standard pathway

a) Completion of an APAC accredited Masters in one of the approved areas of practice, and a registrar program consisting of a minimum of two years of approved, supervised full-time equivalent practice with a PsyBA approved supervisor or

b) Completion of an APAC accredited Doctorate in one of the approved areas of practice, and a registrar program consisting of a minimum one year of approved, supervised, full-time equivalent practice with a PsyBA approved supervisor or

c) Another qualification that, in the Board’s opinion, is substantially equivalent to (a) or (b).

The non-standard pathway

For applicants who have not completed a PsyBA registrar program including overseas trained applicants and applicants applying under transition provisions.


Psychologists currently have no prescribing authority in Australia. At an international level a number of countries have attempted to promote prescribing rights for psychologists, but have often met with resistance from psychiatrists. Only a small number of states in the United States have gained prescriptive authority(47, 49).

8.1.5 Prescribing Potential

Psychologist prescribing in Australia would improve access to psychoactive scheduled medicines in areas where doctor shortages are common, for example rural and remote areas. Improved access would also benefit the patient who is assessed as requiring a scheduled medicine as an adjunct to psychology treatment. For example a psychologist may prescribe an antidepressant to a patient they are treating with cognitive behavioural therapy. Prescribing by the psychologist would ensure the patient receives the medicine in a timely fashion, without multiple visits to health care practitioners, and facilitates regular medication monitoring, titration and review.


88.2 Prescribing Competence in Psychology

In order to consider the prescribing potential of the psychologist, and to identify options in Queensland relating to prescribing authority, it is necessary to review the current status of psychology qualifications and evaluate their capacity to provide the skills, knowledge and behaviours necessary to become a competent prescriber. As discussed previously, such competence is described in the Prescribing Competencies Framework. If the current training requirements and professional standards for psychologists are mapped against the framework, it will be possible to evaluate the current prescribing capability of psychologists, and identify any gaps in capability that may need to be addressed. For the purpose of this report the Master’s degree route to general registration and the four year accredited sequence of study followed by a two year Board approved internship (4 + 2) are the only two training and education options to be reviewed.

8.2.1 Psychology training requirements and professional standards which define professional capability

A discussed previously, APAC accredit programs of study leading to psychology qualifications. The APAC accreditation standard for the psychology profession is currently under review. Submissions to the Second Consultation Draft have closed, but the draft document provides a useful insight into changes in the accreditation requirements for psychology programs of study(49). The draft APAC standard details program of study requirements as follows:

Master’s degree (Australian Qualification Framework Level 9)

The Program of Study includes coverage of all content required to support achievement of each of the Core Competencies for the Entry Level Practitioner set out in Appendix C of the standard

The Program of Study incorporates all of the guiding principles and standards of the current version of the National Practice Standards for the Mental Health Workforce(50)

The Program of Study includes advanced training in ethics and ethical psychological practice, including the code of ethics currently adopted by the PsyBA, and the current version of the Australian Code for the Responsible Conduct of Research

Fourth year program of study (Australian Qualification Framework Level 8)

The Program of Study includes advanced training in research methods, including coverage of each of the content areas listed in A2.1, A2.2 and A2.3 of Appendix A (Graduate Attributes for the Australian Undergraduate Psychology Program)

The Program of Study incorporates coverage of the guiding principles of the current version of the National Practice Standards for the Mental Health Workforce

The Program of Study includes advanced training in ethics and ethical psychological practice including the code of ethics currently adopted by the PsyBA and the current version of the Australian Code for the Responsible Conduct of Research

In addition to the APAC requirements for the fourth year of the undergraduate degree, it is also important to consider the training requirements of the two year Board approved internship, which is a pre-requisite to registration via this training route. The PsyBA has produced ‘Guidelines for 4 + 2 internship programs for provisional psychologists and supervisors’(51),which detail the core capabilities for the internship program. Within this document the term capability refers to ‘the range of knowledge, skills and expertise expected of and demonstrated by a six-year trained psychologist’.


National Psychology Examination

Once the approved psychology education and training requirements have been satisfied, candidates are required to pass the National Psychology Examination in order to gain general registration. The examination curriculum(52)is designed to test the eight entry level core competencies that are described in the PsyBA internship program guidelines.

Summary of professional and training standards which define entry level capability with respect to prescribing competence

Review of the Australian Code for the Responsible Conduct of Research showed the document provides no information relevant to the psychologist’s competence to prescribe. It was, therefore, decided not to include it in any prescribing competency mapping.

Taking the preceding information into consideration, table 5 details the key documents that can be used to map psychologist entry level competence against the Prescribing Competencies Framework.

Table 5: Psychology Standards/guidelines that can be used to map psychologist entry level competence against the Prescribing Competencies Framework

Psychology General Registration Entry Route

Standards/Guidelines Master’s 4 + 2

National Practice Standards for the Mental Health Workforce

APS Code of Ethics

APAC Core Competencies of the entry level practitioner (appendix C of the draft APAC standard)

PsyBA Guidelines for 4 + 2 internship programs for provisional psychologists and supervisors

National psychology examination curriculum

88.3 Psychology Competency Mapping

8.3.1 Methodology

The mapping for psychology was divided into two separate processes. Professional Standards mapping was achieved by mapping the National Practice Standards for the Mental Health Workforce and the APS Code of Ethics against individual performance criteria for every element within the Prescribing Competencies Framework. These professional standards are relevant to both the Master’s and the 4 + 2 route to general registration. The results are shown in table C1, appendix C. The comments section of the table denotes whether statements identified in either one or both of the professional standards can be considered to map completely, partly or not at all with the Prescribing Competencies Framework. The comments section is colour coded as follows:





In addition entry level practitioner competency was assessed by mapping the APAC Core Competencies of the entry level practitioner (appendix C of the draft APAC standard), the PsyBA Guidelines for 4 + 2 internship programs for provisional psychologists and supervisors and the National psychology examination curriculum. The results of this mapping are shown in table C2, appendix C.

To provide additional education and training information relevant to the review, the learning objectives from APAC accredited psychology programs of study, leading to general registration, were also mapped against the Prescribing Competencies Framework elements. Learning objectives from the following representative programs of study were mapped:

Bachelor of Behavioural Science (Psychology), Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Bachelor of Behavioural Science (Honours Psychology), QUT Graduate Diploma in behavioural Science, QUT Master of Clinical Psychology, QUT

88.3.2 Results

Professional Standards and Entry Level Competency Mapping

Table 6 provides a combined summary of the professional standards and entry level competency mapping results. The table shows competencies from the Prescribing Competencies Framework separated into different categories, and indicates which of the prescribing competencies within each category are covered completely, partly, or not at all by the psychology standards. It should be noted that the capability assumptions made in the mapping process are based purely on information obtained from the psychology standards, and not on review of actual practice.

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2 A

revi

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f the

pre

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capa

bilit

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spee

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atho

logi

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e 6:

Psy

chol

ogy

map

ping

sum

mar

y: e

xten

t to

whi

ch th

e Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies F

ram

ewor

k is

cove

red

by th

e ps

ycho

logy

stan

dard

s

Mas

ter’s

4

+ 2

Inte

ract

ion

and

com

mun

icatio

n w

ith p

atie

nts

Pres

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com

pete

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s cov

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com

plet

ely

1.1.

1

Uses

app

ropr

iate

com

mun

icat

ion

stra

tegi

es to

est

ablis

h a

ther

apeu

tic

part

ners

hip

with

the

pers

on

H2.2

.1 In

volv

es th

e pe

rson

’s fa

mily

or c

arer

s in

the

cons

ulta

tion

whe

re a

ppro

pria

te

H2.2

.3 E

stab

lishe

s a th

erap

eutic

par

tner

ship

that

acc

ords

with

the

pref

eren

ces

expr

esse

d by

the

pers

on

H2.3

.1 R

espe

cts t

he p

erso

n’s v

alue

s, be

liefs

, and

exp

erie

nces

H2

.3.2

Res

pect

s the

per

son’

s priv

acy

and

conf

iden

tialit

y H2

.3.3

Res

pect

s the

per

son’

s hea

lthca

re d

ecisi

ons

H2.4

.1 A

sses

ses t

he p

erso

n’s p

refe

rred

lang

uage

, com

mun

icatio

n st

yle,

co

mm

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n ca

pabi

litie

s, an

d he

alth

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, and

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usts

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n co

mm

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tion

styl

e to

inte

ract

effe

ctiv

ely

with

them

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.4.2

Con

sider

s the

pot

entia

l iss

ue o

f per

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ower

diff

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ces b

etw

een

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heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal a

nd th

e pe

rson

H2

.4.3

Pro

vide

s cle

ar a

nd a

ppro

pria

te w

ritte

n an

d ve

rbal

info

rmat

ion

to th

e pe

rson

to e

nabl

e th

em to

mak

e in

form

ed c

hoice

s and

ach

ieve

opt

imal

he

alth

out

com

es

1.1.

1

Uses

app

ropr

iate

com

mun

icat

ion

stra

tegi

es to

est

ablis

h a

ther

apeu

tic

part

ners

hip

with

the

pers

on

H2.2

.1 In

volv

es th

e pe

rson

’s fa

mily

or c

arer

s in

the

cons

ulta

tion

whe

re a

ppro

pria

te

H2.2

.3 E

stab

lishe

s a th

erap

eutic

par

tner

ship

that

acc

ords

with

the

pref

eren

ces

expr

esse

d by

the

pers

on

H2.3

.1 R

espe

cts t

he p

erso

n’s v

alue

s, be

liefs

, and

exp

erie

nces

H2

.3.2

Res

pect

s the

per

son’

s priv

acy

and

conf

iden

tialit

y H2

.3.3

Res

pect

s the

per

son’

s hea

lthca

re d

ecisi

ons

H2.4

.1 A

sses

ses t

he p

erso

n’s p

refe

rred

lang

uage

, com

mun

icatio

n st

yle,

co

mm

unic

atio

n ca

pabi

litie

s, an

d he

alth

lite

racy

, and

adj

usts

the

heal

th

prof

essio

nal’s

ow

n co

mm

unica

tion

styl

e to

inte

ract

effe

ctiv

ely

with

them

H2

.4.2

Con

sider

s the

pot

entia

l iss

ue o

f per

ceiv

ed p

ower

diff

eren

ces b

etw

een

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal a

nd th

e pe

rson

H2

.4.3

Pro

vide

s cle

ar a

nd a

ppro

pria

te w

ritte

n an

d ve

rbal

info

rmat

ion

to th

e pe

rson

to e

nabl

e th

em to

mak

e in

form

ed c

hoice

s and

ach

ieve

opt

imal

he

alth

out

com

es

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

par

tly

H2.2

.2 E

xplo

res a

nd re

spon

ds a

ppro

pria

tely

to th

e pe

rson

’s co

ncer

ns a

nd

expe

ctat

ions

rega

rdin

g:

th

e co

nsul

tatio

n

thei

r hea

lth

th

eir o

wn

role

and

that

of h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls in

man

agin

g th

eir h

ealth

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

scop

e of

pra

ctic

e

the

use

of m

edici

nes a

nd o

ther

trea

tmen

ts to

mai

ntai

n th

eir h

ealth

H2.2

.2 E

xplo

res a

nd re

spon

ds a

ppro

pria

tely

to th

e pe

rson

’s co

ncer

ns a

nd

expe

ctat

ions

rega

rdin

g:

th

e co

nsul

tatio

n

thei

r hea

lth

th

eir o

wn

role

and

that

of h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls in

man

agin

g th

eir h

ealth

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

scop

e of

pra

ctic

e

the

use

of m

edici

nes a

nd o

ther

trea

tmen

ts to

mai

ntai

n th

eir h

ealth

Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies n

ot id

entif

ied

H2.4

.4 A

scer

tain

s tha

t the

info

rmat

ion

prov

ided

has

bee

n re

ceiv

ed a

nd u

nder

stoo

d co

rrec

tly

H2.4

.4 A

scer

tain

s tha

t the

info

rmat

ion

prov

ided

has

bee

n re

ceiv

ed a

nd u

nder

stoo

d co

rrec

tly

Page

| 9

3 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

Mas

ter’s

4

+ 2

Inte

ract

ion

and

com

mun

icatio

n w

ith o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

Pres

crib

ing

com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

com

plet

ely

4.2.

1

Prov

ides

info

rmat

ion

for c

olla

bora

tion

to m

embe

rs o

f int

er-p

rofe

ssio

nal

heal

thca

re te

ams b

oth

with

in fa

ciliti

es a

nd th

e co

mm

unity

H2

.5.1

Eng

ages

in o

pen,

inte

ract

ive

disc

ussio

ns w

ith o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

invo

lved

in ca

ring

for t

he p

erso

n H2

.5.3

Res

pond

s app

ropr

iate

ly to

com

mun

icat

ion

initi

ated

by

othe

r hea

lth

prof

essio

nals

H2.

5.4

Prov

ides

clea

r ver

bal a

nd w

ritte

n in

form

atio

n to

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls by

secu

re m

eans

whe

n im

plem

entin

g ne

w tr

eatm

ents

with

med

icin

es o

r m

odify

ing

exist

ing

trea

tmen

t pla

ns

4.2.

1

Prov

ides

info

rmat

ion

for c

olla

bora

tion

to m

embe

rs o

f int

er-p

rofe

ssio

nal

heal

thca

re te

ams b

oth

with

in fa

ciliti

es a

nd th

e co

mm

unity

H2

.5.1

Eng

ages

in o

pen,

inte

ract

ive

disc

ussio

ns w

ith o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

invo

lved

in ca

ring

for t

he p

erso

n H2

.5.4

Pro

vide

s cle

ar v

erba

l and

writ

ten

info

rmat

ion

to o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

by se

cure

mea

ns w

hen

impl

emen

ting

new

trea

tmen

ts w

ith m

edic

ines

or

mod

ifyin

g ex

istin

g tr

eatm

ent p

lans

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

par

tly

Nil

Nil

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s not

iden

tifie

d H2

.5.2

Con

firm

s tha

t the

ir ow

n un

ders

tand

ing

of in

form

atio

n pr

ovid

ed b

y ot

her

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nals

is co

rrec

t

H2.5

.2 C

onfir

ms t

hat t

heir

own

unde

rsta

ndin

g of

info

rmat

ion

prov

ided

by

othe

r he

alth

pro

fess

iona

ls is

corr

ect

H2.5

.3 R

espo

nds a

ppro

pria

tely

to co

mm

unic

atio

n in

itiat

ed b

y ot

her h

ealth

pr

ofes

siona

ls As

sess

men

t and

dia

gnos

is Pr

escr

ibin

g co

mpe

tenc

ies c

over

ed c

ompl

etel

y

1.2.

1

Cond

ucts

an

asse

ssm

ent t

hat i

s app

ropr

iate

to b

oth

the

heal

th

prof

essio

nal’s

scop

e of

pra

ctice

and

the

pers

on’s

clini

cal c

onte

xt

1.2.

2

Revi

ews a

nd in

terp

rets

info

rmat

ion

in th

e pe

rson

’s he

alth

reco

rds

1.2.

5

Asce

rtai

ns th

at su

ffici

ent i

nfor

mat

ion

has b

een

obta

ined

abo

ut th

e pe

rson

’s co

-exi

stin

g co

nditi

ons a

nd cu

rren

t tre

atm

ents

to id

entif

y po

ssib

le ri

sks a

nd

cont

rain

dica

tions

for t

reat

men

t 1.

2.6

Pe

rfor

ms c

linic

al e

xam

inat

ions

that

are

with

in th

e he

alth

pro

fess

iona

l’s

own

scop

e of

pra

ctice

and

rele

vant

to th

e pe

rson

’s pr

oble

m a

nd in

terp

rets

th

e fin

ding

s of t

hese

exa

min

atio

ns

1.3.

1

Synt

hesis

es in

form

atio

n fr

om th

e co

mpr

ehen

sive

asse

ssm

ent a

nd d

evel

ops

prov

ision

al a

nd d

iffer

entia

l dia

gnos

es

1.3.

2

Deve

lops

a d

iagn

ostic

stra

tegy

and

per

form

s rel

evan

t inv

estig

atio

ns

1.3.

3

Expl

ains

the

clini

cal i

ssue

s and

thei

r im

plic

atio

ns to

the

pers

on

1.2.

1

Cond

ucts

an

asse

ssm

ent t

hat i

s app

ropr

iate

to b

oth

the

heal

th

prof

essio

nal’s

scop

e of

pra

ctice

and

the

pers

on’s

clini

cal c

onte

xt

1.2.

5

Asce

rtai

ns th

at su

ffici

ent i

nfor

mat

ion

has b

een

obta

ined

abo

ut th

e pe

rson

’s co

-exi

stin

g co

nditi

ons a

nd cu

rren

t tre

atm

ents

to id

entif

y po

ssib

le ri

sks a

nd

cont

rain

dica

tions

for t

reat

men

t 1.

2.6

Pe

rfor

ms c

linic

al e

xam

inat

ions

that

are

with

in th

e he

alth

pro

fess

iona

l’s

own

scop

e of

pra

ctice

and

rele

vant

to th

e pe

rson

’s pr

oble

m a

nd in

terp

rets

th

e fin

ding

s of t

hese

exa

min

atio

ns

1.3.

1

Synt

hesis

es in

form

atio

n fr

om th

e co

mpr

ehen

sive

asse

ssm

ent a

nd d

evel

ops

prov

ision

al a

nd d

iffer

entia

l dia

gnos

es

1.3.

2

Deve

lops

a d

iagn

ostic

stra

tegy

and

per

form

s rel

evan

t inv

estig

atio

ns

1.3.

3

Expl

ains

the

clini

cal i

ssue

s and

thei

r im

plic

atio

ns to

the

pers

on

Page

| 9

4 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

Mas

ter’s

4

+ 2

Asse

ssm

ent a

nd d

iagn

osis

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

par

tly

1.2.

3

Obt

ains

rele

vant

info

rmat

ion

from

the

pers

on a

bout

thei

r med

icine

s, an

d th

eir m

edica

l and

clin

ical

hist

ory,

incl

udin

g th

eir c

o-ex

istin

g co

nditi

ons,

trea

tmen

ts, a

lcoho

l and

subs

tanc

e us

e, a

llerg

ies a

nd so

cial c

onte

xt

1.2.

4

Asse

sses

the

pers

on’s

risk

fact

ors f

or p

oor a

dher

ence

; for

exa

mpl

e so

cial

isola

tion,

phy

sical

impa

irmen

t, co

gniti

ve im

pairm

ent o

r dist

urba

nce,

low

En

glish

pro

ficie

ncy,

low

hea

lth li

tera

cy, f

inan

cial d

isadv

anta

ge

1.2.

3

Obt

ains

rele

vant

info

rmat

ion

from

the

pers

on a

bout

thei

r med

icine

s, an

d th

eir m

edica

l and

clin

ical

hist

ory,

inclu

ding

thei

r co-

exist

ing

cond

ition

s, tr

eatm

ents

, alco

hol a

nd su

bsta

nce

use,

alle

rgie

s and

socia

l con

text

1.

2.4

As

sess

es th

e pe

rson

’s ris

k fa

ctor

s for

poo

r adh

eren

ce; f

or e

xam

ple

socia

l iso

latio

n, p

hysic

al im

pairm

ent,

cogn

itive

impa

irmen

t or d

istur

banc

e, lo

w

Engl

ish p

rofic

ienc

y, lo

w h

ealth

lite

racy

, fin

ancia

l disa

dvan

tage

Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies n

ot id

entif

ied

1.

2.2

Re

view

s and

inte

rpre

ts in

form

atio

n in

the

pers

on’s

heal

th re

cord

s

Ther

apeu

tic ch

oice

and

initi

atio

n Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies c

over

ed c

ompl

etel

y

2.1.

2

Reco

gnise

s whe

n it

is cli

nica

lly a

ppro

pria

te to

impl

emen

t non

-ph

arm

acol

ogica

l tre

atm

ents

2.

2.7

Su

pple

men

ts v

erba

l inf

orm

atio

n w

ith w

ritte

n in

form

atio

n ab

out t

he

cond

ition

and

trea

tmen

t opt

ions

(whe

re a

ppro

pria

te)

2.2.

9

Refe

rs th

e pe

rson

for f

urth

er a

sses

smen

t or t

reat

men

t whe

n th

e su

itabl

e tr

eatm

ent o

ptio

ns a

re o

utsid

e th

e he

alth

pro

fess

iona

l’s o

wn

scop

e of

pr

actic

e 3.

1.1

Ne

gotia

tes t

hera

peut

ic go

als t

hat e

nhan

ce th

e pe

rson

’s se

lf-m

anag

emen

t of

thei

r con

ditio

n 3.

2.4

De

velo

ps th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

H1

.4.3

Dem

onst

rate

s kno

wle

dge

of th

e m

edic

ines

com

mon

ly p

resc

ribed

2.1.

2

Reco

gnise

s whe

n it

is cli

nica

lly a

ppro

pria

te to

impl

emen

t non

-ph

arm

acol

ogica

l tre

atm

ents

2.

2.7

Su

pple

men

ts v

erba

l inf

orm

atio

n w

ith w

ritte

n in

form

atio

n ab

out t

he

cond

ition

and

trea

tmen

t opt

ions

(whe

re a

ppro

pria

te)

2.2.

9

Refe

rs th

e pe

rson

for f

urth

er a

sses

smen

t or t

reat

men

t whe

n th

e su

itabl

e tr

eatm

ent o

ptio

ns a

re o

utsid

e th

e he

alth

pro

fess

iona

l’s o

wn

scop

e of

pr

actic

e 3.

1.1

Ne

gotia

tes t

hera

peut

ic go

als t

hat e

nhan

ce th

e pe

rson

’s se

lf-m

anag

emen

t of

thei

r con

ditio

n 3.

2.4

De

velo

ps th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

H1

.4.3

Dem

onst

rate

s kno

wle

dge

of th

e m

edic

ines

com

mon

ly p

resc

ribed

Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies c

over

ed p

artly

2.

2.1

In

tegr

ates

kno

wle

dge

of p

harm

acol

ogy,

oth

er b

iom

edic

al sc

ienc

es, c

linica

l m

edic

ine,

and

ther

apeu

tics a

nd id

entif

ies m

edici

nes s

uita

ble

for t

reat

ing

the

cond

ition

2.

2.2

O

btai

ns, i

nter

pret

s, an

d ap

plie

s cur

rent

evi

denc

e an

d in

form

atio

n ab

out

med

icin

es to

info

rm d

ecisi

ons a

bout

inco

rpor

atin

g m

edici

nes i

nto

the

pers

on’s

trea

tmen

t pla

n 2.

2.3

Id

entif

ies m

edici

nes o

ptio

ns th

at a

re li

kely

to p

rovi

de th

erap

eutic

ally

ef

fect

ive

and

safe

trea

tmen

t and

tailo

rs th

em fo

r the

per

son

2.2.

4

Cons

ider

s the

cost

and

affo

rdab

ility

of t

he m

edici

nes t

o th

e pe

rson

2.2.

1

Inte

grat

es k

now

ledg

e of

pha

rmac

olog

y, o

ther

bio

med

ical

scie

nces

, clin

ical

med

icin

e, a

nd th

erap

eutic

s and

iden

tifie

s med

icine

s sui

tabl

e fo

r tre

atin

g th

e co

nditi

on

2.2.

2

Obt

ains

, int

erpr

ets,

and

appl

ies c

urre

nt e

vide

nce

and

info

rmat

ion

abou

t m

edic

ines

to in

form

dec

ision

s abo

ut in

corp

orat

ing

med

icine

s int

o th

e pe

rson

’s tr

eatm

ent p

lan

2.2.

3

Iden

tifie

s med

icine

s opt

ions

that

are

like

ly to

pro

vide

ther

apeu

tical

ly

effe

ctiv

e an

d sa

fe tr

eatm

ent a

nd ta

ilors

them

for t

he p

erso

n

Page

| 9

5 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

Mas

ter’s

4

+ 2

2.2.

6

Disc

usse

s the

trea

tmen

t opt

ions

and

med

icine

s with

the

pers

on,

cons

ider

ing:

the

prio

ritie

s for

trea

ting

thei

r cur

rent

con

ditio

n an

d co

-ex

istin

g co

nditi

ons;

thei

r rea

dine

ss to

add

ress

the

curr

ent c

ondi

tion;

thei

r ex

pect

atio

ns o

f tre

atm

ent

3.1.

2

Asce

rtai

ns th

at a

ll pa

rtie

s hav

e a

com

mon

und

erst

andi

ng o

f the

ther

apeu

tic

goal

s and

how

they

will

be

man

aged

3.

2.1

Ex

plor

es th

e pe

rson

’s op

inio

ns a

nd p

refe

renc

es co

ncer

ning

med

icine

s and

th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

3.2.

2

Cons

ults

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls ab

out p

oten

tial m

edic

ines

and

the

trea

tmen

t pla

n 3.

2.3

Re

ache

s agr

eem

ent w

ith th

e pe

rson

abo

ut m

edici

nes t

o be

use

d to

trea

t th

eir c

ondi

tion

2.2.

6

Disc

usse

s the

trea

tmen

t opt

ions

and

med

icine

s with

the

pers

on,

cons

ider

ing:

the

prio

ritie

s for

trea

ting

thei

r cur

rent

con

ditio

n an

d co

-ex

istin

g co

nditi

ons;

thei

r rea

dine

ss to

add

ress

the

curr

ent c

ondi

tion;

thei

r ex

pect

atio

ns o

f tre

atm

ent

3.1.

2

Asce

rtai

ns th

at a

ll pa

rtie

s hav

e a

com

mon

und

erst

andi

ng o

f the

ther

apeu

tic

goal

s and

how

they

will

be

man

aged

3.

2.1

Ex

plor

es th

e pe

rson

’s op

inio

ns a

nd p

refe

renc

es co

ncer

ning

med

icine

s and

th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

3.2.

3

Reac

hes a

gree

men

t with

the

pers

on a

bout

med

icine

s to

be u

sed

to tr

eat

thei

r con

ditio

n

Ther

apeu

tic ch

oice

and

initi

atio

n Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies n

ot id

entif

ied

2.1.

1

Reco

gnise

s whe

n it

is cli

nica

lly a

ppro

pria

te n

ot to

inte

rven

e; fo

r exa

mpl

e, in

ca

ses w

here

the

signs

and

sym

ptom

s are

like

ly to

reso

lve

with

out

trea

tmen

t 2.

2.5

Co

nsid

ers t

he im

plica

tions

to th

e w

ider

com

mun

ity o

f usin

g a

part

icul

ar

med

icin

e to

trea

t the

per

son

2.2.

8

Allo

ws t

he p

erso

n tim

e to

mak

e an

info

rmed

dec

ision

abo

ut th

eir

trea

tmen

t 3.

2.5

O

btai

ns a

ppro

val t

o us

e th

e m

edici

nes (

whe

re re

leva

nt)

3.2.

6

Stop

s or m

odifi

es th

e pe

rson

’s ex

istin

g m

edici

nes a

nd o

ther

man

agem

ent

stra

tegi

es if

requ

ired

3.2.

7

Ensu

res t

he p

erso

n un

ders

tand

s the

trea

tmen

t pla

n an

d ho

w to

use

the

med

icin

e sa

fely

and

effe

ctiv

ely

4.1.

1

Prep

ares

pre

scrip

tions

or m

edic

atio

n or

ders

that

com

ply

with

rele

vant

le

gisla

tion,

gui

delin

es o

r cod

es o

f pra

ctice

, and

org

anisa

tiona

l pol

icies

and

pr

oced

ures

4.

1.2

Pr

ovid

es a

ccur

ate

and

clear

ver

bal m

edica

tion

orde

rs th

at co

mpl

y w

ith

rele

vant

legi

slatio

n, g

uide

lines

or c

odes

of p

ract

ice a

nd o

rgan

isatio

nal

polic

ies a

nd p

roce

dure

s (w

here

rele

vant

) H1

.4.1

App

lies q

ualit

y us

e of

med

icine

s prin

cipl

es w

hen

pres

crib

ing

med

icine

s

2.1.

1

Reco

gnise

s whe

n it

is cli

nica

lly a

ppro

pria

te n

ot to

inte

rven

e; fo

r exa

mpl

e, in

ca

ses w

here

the

signs

and

sym

ptom

s are

like

ly to

reso

lve

with

out

trea

tmen

t 2.

2.4

Co

nsid

ers t

he co

st a

nd a

fford

abili

ty o

f the

med

icine

s to

the

pers

on

2.2.

5

Cons

ider

s the

impl

icatio

ns to

the

wid

er co

mm

unity

of u

sing

a pa

rtic

ular

m

edic

ine

to tr

eat t

he p

erso

n 2.

2.8

Al

low

s the

per

son

time

to m

ake

an in

form

ed d

ecisi

on a

bout

thei

r tr

eatm

ent

3.2.

2

Cons

ults

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls ab

out p

oten

tial m

edic

ines

and

the

trea

tmen

t pla

n 3.

2.5

O

btai

ns a

ppro

val t

o us

e th

e m

edici

nes (

whe

re re

leva

nt)

3.2.

6

Stop

s or m

odifi

es th

e pe

rson

’s ex

istin

g m

edici

nes a

nd o

ther

man

agem

ent

stra

tegi

es if

requ

ired

3.2.

7

Ensu

res t

he p

erso

n un

ders

tand

s the

trea

tmen

t pla

n an

d ho

w to

use

the

med

icin

e sa

fely

and

effe

ctiv

ely

4.1.

1

Prep

ares

pre

scrip

tions

or m

edic

atio

n or

ders

that

com

ply

with

rele

vant

le

gisla

tion,

gui

delin

es o

r cod

es o

f pra

ctice

, and

org

anisa

tiona

l pol

icies

and

pr

oced

ures

Page

| 9

6 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

Mas

ter’s

4

+ 2

H1.4

.2 Id

entif

ies c

omm

on c

ause

s of m

edici

nes e

rror

s and

adv

erse

eve

nts,

and

impl

emen

ts st

rate

gies

to re

duce

the

risks

of t

hese

occ

urrin

g H1

.4.4

Crit

ically

eva

luat

es in

form

atio

n ab

out m

edici

nes a

nd m

akes

evi

denc

e-ba

sed

deci

sions

abo

ut m

edici

nes i

n th

e he

alth

pro

fess

iona

l’s o

wn

prac

tice

4.1.

2

Prov

ides

acc

urat

e an

d cle

ar v

erba

l med

icatio

n or

ders

that

com

ply

with

re

leva

nt le

gisla

tion,

gui

delin

es o

r cod

es o

f pra

ctice

and

org

anisa

tiona

l po

licie

s and

pro

cedu

res (

whe

re re

leva

nt)

H1.4

.1 A

pplie

s qua

lity

use

of m

edici

nes p

rinci

ples

whe

n pr

escr

ibin

g m

edici

nes

H1.4

.2 Id

entif

ies c

omm

on c

ause

s of m

edici

nes e

rror

s and

adv

erse

eve

nts,

and

impl

emen

ts st

rate

gies

to re

duce

the

risks

of t

hese

occ

urrin

g H1

.4.4

Crit

ically

eva

luat

es in

form

atio

n ab

out m

edici

nes a

nd m

akes

evi

denc

e-ba

sed

deci

sions

abo

ut m

edici

nes i

n th

e he

alth

pro

fess

iona

l’s o

wn

prac

tice

Revi

ew a

nd a

djus

tmen

t of t

hera

py

Pres

crib

ing

com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

com

plet

ely

3.3.

1

Iden

tifie

s the

nee

d fo

r, an

d de

velo

ps a

revi

ew p

lan

5.1.

1

Obs

erve

s the

per

son

to a

scer

tain

thei

r res

pons

e to

trea

tmen

t (w

here

re

leva

nt)

5.1.

3

Obt

ains

add

ition

al in

form

atio

n to

ass

ess w

heth

er th

e th

erap

eutic

goa

ls ha

ve b

een

achi

eved

by

exam

inin

g th

e pe

rson

, req

uest

ing

inve

stig

atio

ns,

and

inte

rpre

ting

the

findi

ngs (

whe

re re

leva

nt)

5.2.

1

Disc

usse

s the

find

ings

of t

he re

view

with

the

pers

on

5.2.

4

Repo

rts i

ssue

s aris

ing

from

the

revi

ew

3.3.

1

Iden

tifie

s the

nee

d fo

r, an

d de

velo

ps a

revi

ew p

lan

5.1.

1

Obs

erve

s the

per

son

to a

scer

tain

thei

r res

pons

e to

trea

tmen

t (w

here

re

leva

nt)

5.1.

3

Obt

ains

add

ition

al in

form

atio

n to

ass

ess w

heth

er th

e th

erap

eutic

goa

ls ha

ve b

een

achi

eved

by

exam

inin

g th

e pe

rson

, req

uest

ing

inve

stig

atio

ns,

and

inte

rpre

ting

the

findi

ngs (

whe

re re

leva

nt)

5.2.

1

Disc

usse

s the

find

ings

of t

he re

view

with

the

pers

on

5.2.

4

Repo

rts i

ssue

s aris

ing

from

the

revi

ew

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s cov

ered

par

tly

5.1.

2

Disc

usse

s with

the

pers

on a

nd o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals,

thei

r:

expe

rienc

e w

ith im

plem

entin

g th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

ad

here

nce,

inclu

ding

any

issu

es a

risin

g an

d po

ssib

le w

ays t

o im

prov

e ad

here

nce

pe

rcep

tion

or o

bser

vatio

n of

the

med

icine

s’ be

nefit

s and

adv

erse

ef

fect

s

asse

ssm

ent o

f whe

ther

the

ther

apeu

tic g

oals

have

bee

n ac

hiev

ed

5.1.

4

Synt

hesis

es in

form

atio

n pr

ovid

ed b

y th

e pe

rson

, oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls,

and

from

clin

ical

exa

min

atio

ns a

nd in

vest

igat

ions

to d

eter

min

e w

heth

er:

th

e th

erap

eutic

goa

ls ha

ve b

een

achi

eved

trea

tmen

t sho

uld

be st

oppe

d, m

odifi

ed o

r con

tinue

d

the

pers

on sh

ould

be

refe

rred

to a

noth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

l

5.1.

2

Disc

usse

s with

the

pers

on a

nd o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals,

thei

r:

expe

rienc

e w

ith im

plem

entin

g th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

ad

here

nce,

inclu

ding

any

issu

es a

risin

g an

d po

ssib

le w

ays t

o im

prov

e ad

here

nce

pe

rcep

tion

or o

bser

vatio

n of

the

med

icine

s’ be

nefit

s and

adv

erse

ef

fect

s

asse

ssm

ent o

f whe

ther

the

ther

apeu

tic g

oals

have

bee

n ac

hiev

ed

5.1.

4

Synt

hesis

es in

form

atio

n pr

ovid

ed b

y th

e pe

rson

, oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls,

and

from

clin

ical

exa

min

atio

ns a

nd in

vest

igat

ions

to d

eter

min

e w

heth

er:

th

e th

erap

eutic

goa

ls ha

ve b

een

achi

eved

trea

tmen

t sho

uld

be st

oppe

d, m

odifi

ed o

r con

tinue

d

the

pers

on sh

ould

be

refe

rred

to a

noth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

l

Page

| 9

7 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

Mas

ter’s

4

+ 2

Revi

ew a

nd a

djus

tmen

t of t

hera

py

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s not

iden

tifie

d 5.

2.2

Id

entif

ies i

f the

per

son

requ

ires a

com

preh

ensiv

e m

edic

ines

revi

ew

5.2.

3

Wor

ks in

par

tner

ship

with

the

pers

on a

nd o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

to

mod

ify th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

to o

ptim

ise th

e sa

fety

and

effe

ctiv

enes

s of

trea

tmen

t (w

here

rele

vant

) 5.

2.5

Or

gani

ses t

he n

ext r

evie

w

5.2.

2

Iden

tifie

s if t

he p

erso

n re

quire

s a co

mpr

ehen

sive

med

icin

es re

view

5.

2.3

W

orks

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

and

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls to

m

odify

the

trea

tmen

t pla

n to

opt

imise

the

safe

ty a

nd e

ffect

iven

ess o

f tr

eatm

ent (

whe

re re

leva

nt)

5.2.

5

Orga

nise

s the

nex

t rev

iew

Le

gal a

nd p

rofe

ssio

nal r

equi

rem

ents

Pr

escr

ibin

g co

mpe

tenc

ies c

over

ed c

ompl

etel

y H1

.2.1

Dem

onst

rate

s kno

wle

dge

of a

nd c

ompl

ianc

e w

ith:

pr

ofes

siona

l sta

ndar

ds

co

des o

f con

duct

scop

e of

pra

ctice

stat

emen

ts o

r gui

delin

es

H1.2

.2 P

ract

ices w

ithin

the

limits

of t

he h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

l’s o

wn

educ

atio

n,

trai

ning

and

scop

e of

pra

ctice

H1

.2.3

Dem

onst

rate

s res

pect

for t

he sc

ope

of p

ract

ice o

f oth

er h

ealth

pr

ofes

siona

ls an

d th

eir c

ontr

ibut

ion

with

in a

colla

bora

tive

care

mod

el,

part

icula

rly th

at o

f the

per

son’

s mai

n he

alth

care

pro

vide

r H1

.2.4

Acc

epts

resp

onsib

ility

and

is a

ccou

ntab

le fo

r the

care

pro

vide

d to

the

pers

on

H2.1

.1 A

dher

es to

legi

slativ

e an

d w

orkp

lace

requ

irem

ents

for o

btai

ning

and

re

cord

ing

cons

ent f

or:

Ac

cess

ing

heal

th re

cord

s

obta

inin

g in

form

atio

n fr

om, a

nd p

rovi

ding

info

rmat

ion

to, o

ther

hea

lth

prof

essio

nals

co

nduc

ting

a cli

nica

l exa

min

atio

n

prov

idin

g cli

nica

l ser

vice

s

the

pote

ntia

l ben

efits

and

har

ms

H1.2

.1 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

and

com

plia

nce

with

:

prof

essio

nal s

tand

ards

code

s of c

ondu

ct

sc

ope

of p

ract

ice st

atem

ents

or g

uide

lines

H1

.2.2

Pra

ctice

s with

in th

e lim

its o

f the

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n ed

ucat

ion,

tr

aini

ng a

nd sc

ope

of p

ract

ice

H1.2

.3 D

emon

stra

tes r

espe

ct fo

r the

scop

e of

pra

ctice

of o

ther

hea

lth

prof

essio

nals

and

thei

r con

trib

utio

n w

ithin

a co

llabo

rativ

e ca

re m

odel

, pa

rticu

larly

that

of t

he p

erso

n’s m

ain

heal

thca

re p

rovi

der

H1.2

.4 A

ccep

ts re

spon

sibili

ty a

nd is

acc

ount

able

for t

he ca

re p

rovi

ded

to th

e pe

rson

H2

.1.1

Adh

eres

to le

gisla

tive

and

wor

kpla

ce re

quire

men

ts fo

r obt

aini

ng a

nd

reco

rdin

g co

nsen

t for

:

Acce

ssin

g he

alth

reco

rds

ob

tain

ing

info

rmat

ion

from

, and

pro

vidi

ng in

form

atio

n to

, oth

er h

ealth

pr

ofes

siona

ls

cond

uctin

g a

clini

cal e

xam

inat

ion

pr

ovid

ing

clini

cal s

ervi

ces

th

e po

tent

ial b

enef

its a

nd h

arm

s Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies c

over

ed p

artly

H1

.1.1

Dem

onst

rate

s kno

wle

dge

of, a

nd co

mpl

ies w

ith, l

egisl

atio

n, re

gula

tions

, an

d co

mm

on la

w a

pplic

able

to p

resc

ribin

g (a

s fur

ther

def

ined

by

the

know

ledg

e su

bsec

tion

of th

is co

mpe

tenc

y ar

ea)

H1.1

.1 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

, and

com

plie

s with

, leg

islat

ion,

regu

latio

ns,

and

com

mon

law

app

licab

le to

pre

scrib

ing

(as f

urth

er d

efin

ed b

y th

e kn

owle

dge

subs

ectio

n of

this

com

pete

ncy

area

)

Page

| 9

8 A

revi

ew o

f the

pre

scrib

ing

capa

bilit

y of

spee

ch p

atho

logi

sts,

die

titia

ns a

nd p

sych

olog

ists

Mas

ter’s

4

+ 2

H1.1

.2 M

aint

ains

acc

urat

e an

d co

mpl

ete

reco

rds o

f:

the

cons

ulta

tion

cl

inic

al e

xam

inat

ions

and

inve

stig

atio

n re

sults

risk

fact

ors f

or m

edici

nes m

isadv

entu

re

th

e pe

rson

’s de

cisio

n to

dec

line

trea

tmen

t (w

here

rele

vant

)

chan

ges t

o th

e pe

rson

’s m

edici

nes m

anag

emen

t pla

n, in

cludi

ng th

e ra

tiona

le b

ehin

d th

ese

chan

ges

th

e re

view

pla

n, re

com

men

datio

ns, a

nd d

ate

for n

ext r

evie

w

ou

tcom

es o

f tre

atm

ent

H1.3

.1 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

and

com

plie

s with

nat

iona

l, st

ate

and

terr

itory

, an

d fa

cilit

y po

licie

s and

pro

cedu

res i

n re

latio

n to

pre

scrib

ing

H1.3

.3 C

ontr

ibut

es to

the

impr

ovem

ent o

f pol

icie

s and

pro

cedu

res f

or th

e ju

dicio

us, a

ppro

pria

te, s

afe

and

effe

ctiv

e us

e of

med

icine

s H1

.5.1

Eng

ages

in o

ngoi

ng p

rofe

ssio

nal d

evel

opm

ent a

nd e

duca

tion

to im

prov

e pr

escr

ibin

g pr

actic

es

H1.1

.2 M

aint

ains

acc

urat

e an

d co

mpl

ete

reco

rds o

f:

the

cons

ulta

tion

cl

inic

al e

xam

inat

ions

and

inve

stig

atio

n re

sults

risk

fact

ors f

or m

edici

nes m

isadv

entu

re

th

e pe

rson

’s de

cisio

n to

dec

line

trea

tmen

t (w

here

rele

vant

)

chan

ges t

o th

e pe

rson

’s m

edici

nes m

anag

emen

t pla

n, in

cludi

ng th

e ra

tiona

le b

ehin

d th

ese

chan

ges

th

e re

view

pla

n, re

com

men

datio

ns, a

nd d

ate

for n

ext r

evie

w

ou

tcom

es o

f tre

atm

ent

H1.3

.1 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

and

com

plie

s with

nat

iona

l, st

ate

and

terr

itory

, an

d fa

cilit

y po

licie

s and

pro

cedu

res i

n re

latio

n to

pre

scrib

ing

H1.3

.3 C

ontr

ibut

es to

the

impr

ovem

ent o

f pol

icie

s and

pro

cedu

res f

or th

e ju

dicio

us, a

ppro

pria

te, s

afe

and

effe

ctiv

e us

e of

med

icine

s H1

.5.1

Eng

ages

in o

ngoi

ng p

rofe

ssio

nal d

evel

opm

ent a

nd e

duca

tion

to im

prov

e pr

escr

ibin

g pr

actic

es

Le

gal a

nd p

rofe

ssio

nal r

equi

rem

ents

Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies n

ot id

entif

ied

H1.3

.2 D

emon

stra

tes a

ppro

pria

te p

rofe

ssio

nal j

udge

men

t whe

n in

terp

retin

g an

d ap

plyi

ng g

uide

lines

and

pro

toco

ls to

the

pers

on’s

situa

tion

H1.6

.1 Im

plem

ents

stra

tegi

es to

add

ress

influ

ence

s tha

t may

bia

s pre

scrib

ing

deci

sions

, inc

ludi

ng:

m

arke

ting

influ

ence

s

Poss

ible

per

sona

l, pr

ofes

siona

l or f

inan

cial

gai

n

Conf

licts

of i

nter

est

Th

e he

alth

pro

fess

iona

l’s o

wn

belie

fs, v

alue

s, an

d ex

perie

nces

H1.3

.2 D

emon

stra

tes a

ppro

pria

te p

rofe

ssio

nal j

udge

men

t whe

n in

terp

retin

g an

d ap

plyi

ng g

uide

lines

and

pro

toco

ls to

the

pers

on’s

situa

tion

H1.6

.1 Im

plem

ents

stra

tegi

es to

add

ress

influ

ence

s tha

t may

bia

s pre

scrib

ing

deci

sions

, inc

ludi

ng:

m

arke

ting

influ

ence

s

Poss

ible

per

sona

l, pr

ofes

siona

l or f

inan

cial

gai

n

Conf

licts

of i

nter

est

Th

e he

alth

pro

fess

iona

l’s o

wn

belie

fs, v

alue

s, an

d ex

perie

nces



Prescribing competencies relating to communication style and therapeutic partnership with patients and carers map well. Competencies relating to respect for the patient, consideration of power differential and providing clear written and verbal information to enable informed decision making are also completely covered by the psychology standards.

The prescribing competency regarding exploring and responding to patient concerns is partly covered by the psychology standards. The competency relating to ascertaining that information has been received and understood correctly is not covered.


Prescribing competencies relating to provision of information to, and collaboration with, other health professionals map well.

The prescribing competency relating to responding appropriately to communication initiated by other health professionals is covered completely by the APAC core competencies, but not by any of the other standards. The prescribing competency relating to confirming understanding of information provided by other health professionals was not identified in any of the psychology standards.


Assessment and diagnosis competencies are generally covered well by psychology standards. Review and interpretation of information in the person’s health records is covered completely by the APAC core competencies, but not by any of the other standards.

The prescribing competency regarding obtaining information from the patient maps partly. Psychology standards do not detail the specifics of information required such as medicines, allergies, alcohol and substance abuse; information that is vital when prescribing a medicine. Assessment of a patient’s risk factors for poor adherence also maps partly to the psychology standards.


Prescribing competencies that map completely include recognising when non pharmacological treatment is appropriate, supplementing verbal with written information, referral when treatment is outside scope of practice, negotiating therapeutic goals that enhance the person’s self-management, developing a treatment plan in partnership with the patient and knowledge of medicines commonly prescribed.

Whilst the psychology standards detail planning and implementation of interventions, many of the prescribing competencies in his category are only partly covered, because they specifically relate to selection of medicine. These include identification of suitable medicine options, discussion of medicine options with the patient and reaching agreement with the patient about medicine choice. The prescribing competencies regarding consideration of cost and affordability of medicines and consulting other health professionals about potential medicines map partly to the APAC core competencies, but cannot be identified in any other psychology standards.

Not surprisingly, prescribing competencies specifically relating to medicine selection and ordering were not identified in the psychology standards. These included critically evaluating medicines information, implications to the wider community of using a particular medicine, application of


Quality Use of Medicines (QUM) principles, identification of medicine errors and adverse events, obtaining approval for medicine use and providing appropriate medication orders. Other competencies not identified relate to interaction with the patient regarding initiation of medicine. These include allowing the patient time to make a decision, stopping or modifying existing medicines and ensuring patient understanding of therapeutic goals, management and how to use the medicine safely and effectively. In addition the prescribing competency relating to recognising when it is clinically appropriate not to intervene was not identified by any of the psychology standards.


Prescribing competencies covered well in this category are development of a review plan, observation of patient response to therapy, obtaining additional information to assess response to therapy, discussing review findings with the patient and reporting issues arising from the review.

The prescribing competency relating to discussing response to therapy with the person and other health professionals is partly covered in the psychology standards, as is that relating to synthesising the information obtained to determine whether changes to therapy are required.

Prescribing competencies not covered by the psychology standards are identifying if the patient requires a comprehensive medicines review, working with the person and other health professionals to modify the treatment plan and organising the next review.


Prescribing competencies that map completely with the psychology standards include those relating to scope of practice, professional standards, code of conduct, demonstrating respect for scope of practice of other health professionals, accountability and obtaining and recording patient consent.

Competencies that map partly include knowledge and compliance with legislation, policies and procedures relating to prescribing, contribution to the improvement of policies and procedures relating to medicines use and maintenance of records. The prescribing competency relating to ongoing professional development with respect to prescribing practices maps partly. Although the psychology standards cover CPD requirements, prescribing is currently not within scope of practice, so is not covered by CPD statements. If prescribing becomes an activity within scope of practice, then this competency will map fully.

Legal and professional competencies not identified in the psychology standards are those relating to interpretation and application of guidelines and protocols, and implementation of strategies to reduce prescribing bias.

Mapping Differences between the Masters and 4+2 entry route competency standards

Regardless of the education and training pathway to general registration, there is an assumption that the competency of entry level psychologists should be the same, and the respective standards should reflect this. Whilst the standards for the Masters and 4 + 2 entry route to general registration were very similar in their mapping, there were minor differences. This was due to the different ways activities were described in the APAC core competencies and the PsyBA 4 + 2 Internship program training objectives. The following competencies were covered completely by the Master’s route competencies, but not identified in the 4 + 2 competencies:

1.2.2 Reviews and interprets information in the person’s health records


2.2.4 Considers the cost and affordability of the medicines to the person

3.2.2 Consults other health professionals about potential medicines and the treatment plan

H2.5.3 Responds appropriately to communication initiated by other health professionals

LLearning Outcomes Mapping

The representative learning outcomes were mapped at an element level to provide additional information regarding undergraduate education and training. The results of the mapping for the QUT psychology programs of study are shown in table C3, appendix C.

The following Prescribing Competencies Framework elements were not identified in any of the combined learning objectives for programs of study leading to general registration via the Master’s or the 4 + 2 route:

Bachelor of Science (Psychology) + Honours/Diploma (4years)

Element 2.1: Considers non-pharmacological treatment options suitable for treating the person and their condition (identified in elective subject only)

Element 3.1: Negotiates therapeutic goals with the person






Element H1.3: Practices within the applicable frameworks of the healthcare setting and system (identified in elective subject only)

Element H1.4: Practices quality use of medicines principles (identified in elective subject only)

Element H1.5: Demonstrates a commitment to continual quality improvement of the health professional’s own prescribing (identified in elective subject only)



Element H2.2: Acknowledges the person, their family, and carers as integral to care and collaborates to achieve optimal health outcomes

Bachelor of Science (Psychology) + Honours/Diploma +Masters of Clinical Psychology course (6 years)

Element 3.1: Negotiates therapeutic goals with the person







Element H1.3: Practices within the applicable frameworks of the healthcare setting and system (identified in elective subject only)

Element H1.5: Demonstrates a commitment to continual quality improvement of the health professional’s own prescribing (identified in elective subject only)



Element H2.2: Acknowledges the person, their family, and carers as integral to care and collaborates to achieve optimal health outcomes

MMapping psychology prescribing capability against Prescribing Models

To provide additional information to identify the prescribing capabilities of psychologists, the performance criteria of the Prescribing Competencies Framework were mapped against the HPPP models of prescribing. The results from the psychology mapping were then included to create a summary table (table 7). This table builds a clearer picture of the competency expectations dependent on the prescribing model, and indicates current gaps in psychology prescribing competence.

Page

| 1

03

A re

view

of t

he p

resc

ribin

g ca

pabi

lity

of sp

eech

pat

holo

gist

s, d

ietit

ians

and

psy

chol

ogist

s

Tabl

e 7:

Rel

atio

nshi

p be

twee

n th

e Pr

escr

ibin

g Co

mpe

tenc

ies F

ram

ewor

k, th

e HP

PP p

resc

ribin

g m

odel

s and

pro

fess

iona

l sta

ndar

ds a

nd e

ntry

leve

l co

mpe

tenc

ies f

or p

sych

olog

ists

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for e

ach

qual

ifica

tion

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r su

perv

ision

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

psy

chol

ogist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Co

mpe

tenc

y Ar

ea 1

Und

erst

ands

the

pers

on a

nd th

eir c

linica

l nee

ds

Elem

ent 1

.1 E

stab

lishe

s a th

erap

eutic

par

tner

ship

with

the

pers

on a

nd a

colla

bora

tive

rela

tions

hip

with

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls

1.1.

1 Us

es a

ppro

pria

te

com

mun

icat

ion

stra

tegi

es to

es

tabl

ish a

ther

apeu

tic p

artn

ersh

ip

with

the

pers

on

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Elem

ent 1

.2 P

erfo

rms a

com

preh

ensiv

e m

edic

ines

ass

essm

ent t

o ob

tain

info

rmat

ion

to u

nder

stan

d th

e pe

rson

’s cl

inica

l nee

ds a

nd co

ntex

t

1.2.

1 Co

nduc

ts a

n as

sess

men

t tha

t is

appr

opria

te to

bot

h th

e he

alth

pr

ofes

siona

l’s sc

ope

of p

ract

ice a

nd

the

pers

on’s

clini

cal c

onte

xt

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

1.2.

2 Re

view

s and

inte

rpre

ts

info

rmat

ion

in th

e pe

rson

’s he

alth

re

cord

s

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Not

es

In

dica

tes a

per

form

ance

crit

erio

n co

nsid

ered

ess

entia

l for

that

mod

el o

f pre

scrib

ing

In

dica

tes a

per

form

ance

crit

erio

n no

t con

sider

ed e

ssen

tial f

or th

at m

odel

of p

resc

ribin

g

# Ac

cord

ing

to re

leva

nt le

gisla

tion.

Not

e ac

cord

ing

to th

e Pr

ecrib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fra

mew

ork,

a p

resc

riptio

n m

ay p

rovi

de a

n or

der t

o ad

min

ister

, rat

her

than

disp

ense

. M

aste

rs

Psyc

holo

gist

s ach

ievi

ng g

ener

al re

gist

ratio

n fo

llow

ing

com

plet

ion

of a

n ac

redi

ted

Mas

ters

deg

ree

4 +

2 Ps

ycho

logi

sts

achi

evin

g ge

nera

l reg

istra

tion

follo

win

g co

mpl

etio

n of

an

accr

edite

d 4

year

sequ

ence

of s

tudy

+ 2

yea

r Psy

BA a

ppro

ved

inte

rnsh

ip

Page

| 1

04

A re

view

of t

he p

resc

ribin

g ca

pabi

lity

of sp

eech

pat

holo

gist

s, d

ietit

ians

and

psy

chol

ogist

s

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for e

ach

qual

ifica

tion

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r su

perv

ision

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

psy

chol

ogist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

1.

2.3

Obt

ains

rele

vant

info

rmat

ion

from

the

pers

on a

bout

thei

r m

edic

ines

, and

thei

r med

ical

and

cl

inic

al h

istor

y, in

cludi

ng th

eir c

o-ex

istin

g co

nditi

ons,

trea

tmen

ts,

alco

hol a

nd su

bsta

nce

use,

alle

rgie

s an

d so

cial

cont

ext

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

1.2.

4 As

sess

es th

e pe

rson

’s ris

k fa

ctor

s for

poo

r adh

eren

ce; f

or

exam

ple

soci

al is

olat

ion,

phy

sical

im

pairm

ent,

cogn

itive

impa

irmen

t or

dist

urba

nce,

low

Eng

lish

prof

icien

cy,

low

hea

lth li

tera

cy, f

inan

cial

di

sadv

anta

ge.

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

1.2.

5 As

cert

ains

that

suffi

cient

in

form

atio

n ha

s bee

n ob

tain

ed a

bout

th

e pe

rson

’s co

-exi

stin

g co

nditi

ons

and

curr

ent t

reat

men

ts to

iden

tify

poss

ible

risk

s and

cont

rain

dica

tions

fo

r tre

atm

ent

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

1.2.

6 Pe

rform

s clin

ical

exa

min

atio

ns

that

are

with

in th

e he

alth

pr

ofes

siona

l’s o

wn

scop

e of

pra

ctice

an

d re

leva

nt to

the

pers

on’s

prob

lem

an

d in

terp

rets

the

findi

ngs o

f the

se

exam

inat

ions

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Page

| 1

05

A re

view

of t

he p

resc

ribin

g ca

pabi

lity

of sp

eech

pat

holo

gist

s, d

ietit

ians

and

psy

chol

ogist

s

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for e

ach

qual

ifica

tion

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r su

perv

ision

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

psy

chol

ogist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

El

emen

t 1.3

Gen

erat

es a

nd e

xplo

res p

ossib

le d

iagn

oses

1.3.

1 Sy

nthe

sises

info

rmat

ion

from

th

e co

mpr

ehen

sive

asse

ssm

ent a

nd

deve

lops

pro

visio

nal a

nd d

iffer

entia

l di

agno

ses

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

1.3.

2 De

velo

ps a

dia

gnos

tic st

rate

gy

and

perf

orm

s rel

evan

t inv

estig

atio

ns

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

1.3.

3 Ex

plai

ns th

e cli

nica

l iss

ues a

nd

thei

r im

plica

tions

to th

e pe

rson

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Com

pete

ncy

Area

2 T

reat

men

t opt

ions

: Un

ders

tand

s the

trea

tmen

t opt

ions

and

how

they

supp

ort t

he p

erso

n’s c

linic

al n

eed

Elem

ent 2

.1 C

onsid

ers n

on-p

harm

acol

ogica

l tre

atm

ent o

ptio

ns su

itabl

e fo

r tre

atin

g th

e pe

rson

and

thei

r con

ditio

n

2.1.

1 Re

cogn

ises w

hen

it is

clini

cally

ap

prop

riate

not

to in

terv

ene;

for

exam

ple,

in ca

ses w

here

the

signs

an

d sy

mpt

oms a

re li

kely

to re

solv

e w

ithou

t tre

atm

ent

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

2.1.

2 Re

cogn

ises w

hen

it is

clini

cally

ap

prop

riate

to im

plem

ent n

on-

phar

mac

olog

ical t

reat

men

ts

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Page

| 1

06

A re

view

of t

he p

resc

ribin

g ca

pabi

lity

of sp

eech

pat

holo

gist

s, d

ietit

ians

and

psy

chol

ogist

s

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for e

ach

qual

ifica

tion

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r su

perv

ision

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

psy

chol

ogist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

El

emen

t 2.2

Iden

tifie

s app

ropr

iate

med

icine

s opt

ions

that

can

be in

corp

orat

ed in

to th

e pe

rson

’s tr

eatm

ent p

lan

2.2.

1 In

tegr

ates

kno

wle

dge

of

phar

mac

olog

y, o

ther

bio

med

ical

sc

ienc

es, c

linica

l med

icine

, and

th

erap

eutic

s and

iden

tifie

s med

icine

s su

itabl

e fo

r tre

atin

g th

e co

nditi

on

✗

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

2.2.

2 O

btai

ns, i

nter

pret

s, an

d ap

plie

s cu

rren

t evi

denc

e an

d in

form

atio

n ab

out m

edici

nes t

o in

form

dec

ision

s ab

out i

ncor

pora

ting

med

icine

s int

o th

e pe

rson

’s tr

eatm

ent p

lan

✗

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

2.2.

3 Id

entif

ies m

edic

ines

opt

ions

th

at a

re li

kely

to p

rovi

de

ther

apeu

tical

ly e

ffect

ive

and

safe

tr

eatm

ent a

nd ta

ilors

them

for t

he

pers

on

✗

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

2.2.

4 Co

nsid

ers t

he co

st a

nd

affo

rdab

ility

of t

he m

edici

nes t

o th

e pe

rson

✗

Mas

ters

4 +

2

2.2.

5 Co

nsid

ers t

he im

plic

atio

ns to

th

e w

ider

com

mun

ity o

f usin

g a

part

icula

r med

icine

to tr

eat t

he

pers

on

✗

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Page

| 1

07

A re

view

of t

he p

resc

ribin

g ca

pabi

lity

of sp

eech

pat

holo

gist

s, d

ietit

ians

and

psy

chol

ogist

s

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for e

ach

qual

ifica

tion

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r su

perv

ision

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

psy

chol

ogist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

2.

2.6

Disc

usse

s the

trea

tmen

t opt

ions

an

d m

edici

nes w

ith th

e pe

rson

, co

nsid

erin

g: t

he p

riorit

ies f

or

trea

ting

thei

r cur

rent

con

ditio

n an

d co

-exi

stin

g co

nditi

ons;

thei

r rea

dine

ss

to a

ddre

ss th

e cu

rren

t con

ditio

n;

thei

r exp

ecta

tions

of t

reat

men

t

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

2.2.

7 Su

pple

men

ts v

erba

l inf

orm

atio

n w

ith w

ritte

n in

form

atio

n ab

out t

he

cond

ition

and

trea

tmen

t opt

ions

(w

here

app

ropr

iate

)

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

2.2.

8 Al

low

s the

per

son

time

to m

ake

an in

form

ed d

ecisi

on a

bout

thei

r tr

eatm

ent

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

2.2.

9 Re

fers

the

pers

on fo

r fur

ther

as

sess

men

t or t

reat

men

t whe

n th

e su

itabl

e tr

eatm

ent o

ptio

ns a

re

outs

ide

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n sc

ope

of p

ract

ice

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Com

pete

ncy

Area

3 S

hare

d de

cisio

n m

akin

g: W

orks

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

to d

evel

op a

nd im

plem

ent a

trea

tmen

t pla

n

Elem

ent 3

.1 N

egot

iate

s the

rape

utic

goal

s with

the

pers

on

3.1.

1 Ne

gotia

tes t

hera

peut

ic go

als

that

enh

ance

the

pers

on’s

self-

man

agem

ent o

f the

ir co

nditi

on

✗

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Page

| 1

08

A re

view

of t

he p

resc

ribin

g ca

pabi

lity

of sp

eech

pat

holo

gist

s, d

ietit

ians

and

psy

chol

ogist

s

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for e

ach

qual

ifica

tion

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r su

perv

ision

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

psy

chol

ogist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

3.

1.2

Asce

rtai

ns th

at a

ll pa

rtie

s hav

e a

com

mon

und

erst

andi

ng o

f the

th

erap

eutic

goa

ls an

d ho

w th

ey w

ill

be m

anag

ed

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

Elem

ent 3

.2 W

orks

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

and

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls to

sele

ct m

edic

ines

and

to ta

ilor a

nd im

plem

ent a

trea

tmen

t pla

n 3.

2.1

Expl

ores

the

pers

on’s

opin

ions

an

d pr

efer

ence

s con

cern

ing

med

icin

es a

nd th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

✗

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

3.2.

2 Co

nsul

ts o

ther

hea

lth

prof

essio

nals

abou

t pot

entia

l m

edic

ines

and

the

trea

tmen

t pla

n

Mas

ters

4 +

2

3.2.

3 Re

ache

s agr

eem

ent w

ith th

e pe

rson

abo

ut m

edici

nes t

o be

use

d to

tr

eat t

heir

cond

ition

✗

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

3.2.

4 De

velo

ps th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

in

part

ners

hip

with

the

pers

on

✗

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

3.2.

5 O

btai

ns a

ppro

val t

o us

e th

e m

edic

ines

(whe

re re

leva

nt)

✗ ✗

M

aste

rs

4 +

2 3.

2.6

Stop

s or m

odifi

es th

e pe

rson

’s ex

istin

g m

edici

nes a

nd o

ther

m

anag

emen

t str

ateg

ies i

f req

uire

d

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

3.2.

7 En

sure

s the

per

son

unde

rsta

nds

the

trea

tmen

t pla

n an

d ho

w to

use

th

e m

edic

ine

safe

ly a

nd e

ffect

ivel

y

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Page

| 1

09

A re

view

of t

he p

resc

ribin

g ca

pabi

lity

of sp

eech

pat

holo

gist

s, d

ietit

ians

and

psy

chol

ogist

s

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for e

ach

qual

ifica

tion

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r su

perv

ision

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

psy

chol

ogist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

El

emen

t 3.3

Dev

elop

s a re

view

pla

n ta

ilore

d to

the

pers

on’s

need

s

3.3.

1 Id

entif

ies t

he n

eed

for,

and

deve

lops

a re

view

pla

n

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Com

pete

ncy

Area

4 C

o-or

dina

tion:

Com

mun

icate

s the

trea

tmen

t pla

n cle

arly

to o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

Elem

ent 4

.1 P

rovi

des c

lear

inst

ruct

ions

to o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

who

disp

ense

, sup

ply,

or a

dmin

ister

med

icine

s pre

scrib

ed fo

r the

per

son

4.1.

1 Pr

epar

es p

resc

riptio

ns o

r m

edic

atio

n or

ders

that

com

ply

with

re

leva

nt le

gisla

tion,

gui

delin

es o

r co

des o

f pra

ctice

, and

org

anisa

tiona

l po

licie

s and

pro

cedu

res

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

4.1.

2 Pr

ovid

es a

ccur

ate

and

clear

ve

rbal

med

icatio

n or

ders

that

com

ply

with

rele

vant

legi

slatio

n, g

uide

lines

or

code

s of p

ract

ice

and

orga

nisa

tiona

l pol

icies

and

pr

oced

ures

(whe

re re

leva

nt)

✗ #

#

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Elem

ent 4

.2 P

rovi

des i

nfor

mat

ion

abou

t med

icin

es a

nd th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

with

the

pers

on’s

cons

ent t

o ot

her h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls w

ho p

rovi

de ca

re to

the

pers

on

4.2.

1 Pr

ovid

es in

form

atio

n fo

r co

llabo

ratio

n to

mem

bers

of i

nter

-pr

ofes

siona

l hea

lthca

re te

ams b

oth

with

in fa

ciliti

es a

nd th

e co

mm

unity

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Page

| 1

10

A re

view

of t

he p

resc

ribin

g ca

pabi

lity

of sp

eech

pat

holo

gist

s, d

ietit

ians

and

psy

chol

ogist

s

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for e

ach

qual

ifica

tion

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r su

perv

ision

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

psy

chol

ogist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Co

mpe

tenc

y Ar

ea 5

Mon

itors

and

revi

ews:

Mon

itors

and

revi

ews t

he p

erso

n’s r

espo

nse

to tr

eatm

ent

Elem

ent 5

.1 O

btai

ns in

form

atio

n to

ass

ess t

he p

erso

n’s r

espo

nse

to tr

eatm

ent

5.1.

1 O

bser

ves t

he p

erso

n to

as

cert

ain

thei

r res

pons

e to

trea

tmen

t (w

here

rele

vant

)

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

5.1.

2 Di

scus

ses w

ith th

e pe

rson

and

ot

her h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls, th

eir:

ex

perie

nce

with

impl

emen

ting

the

trea

tmen

t pla

n

adhe

renc

e, in

cludi

ng a

ny is

sues

ar

ising

and

pos

sible

way

s to

impr

ove

adhe

renc

e

perc

eptio

n or

obs

erva

tion

of th

e m

edic

ines

’ ben

efits

and

adv

erse

ef

fect

s

asse

ssm

ent o

f whe

ther

the

ther

apeu

tic g

oals

have

bee

n ac

hiev

ed

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

5.1.

3 O

btai

ns a

dditi

onal

info

rmat

ion

to a

sses

s whe

ther

the

ther

apeu

tic

goal

s hav

e be

en a

chie

ved

by

exam

inin

g th

e pe

rson

, req

uest

ing

inve

stig

atio

ns, a

nd in

terp

retin

g th

e fin

ding

s (w

here

rele

vant

)

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Page

| 1

11

A re

view

of t

he p

resc

ribin

g ca

pabi

lity

of sp

eech

pat

holo

gist

s, d

ietit

ians

and

psy

chol

ogist

s

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for e

ach

qual

ifica

tion

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r su

perv

ision

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

psy

chol

ogist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

5.

1.4

Synt

hesis

es in

form

atio

n pr

ovid

ed b

y th

e pe

rson

, oth

er h

ealth

pr

ofes

siona

ls, a

nd fr

om cl

inica

l ex

amin

atio

ns a

nd in

vest

igat

ions

to

dete

rmin

e w

heth

er:

th

e th

erap

eutic

goa

ls ha

ve b

een

achi

eved

trea

tmen

t sho

uld

be st

oppe

d,

mod

ified

or c

ontin

ued

th

e pe

rson

shou

ld b

e re

ferr

ed to

an

othe

r hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nal

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

Elem

ent 5

.2 W

orks

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

and

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls to

add

ress

issu

es a

risin

g fro

m th

e re

view

5.2.

1 Di

scus

ses t

he fi

ndin

gs o

f the

re

view

with

the

pers

on

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

5.2.

2 Id

entif

ies i

f the

per

son

requ

ires

a co

mpr

ehen

sive

med

icine

s rev

iew

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

5.2.

3 W

orks

in p

artn

ersh

ip w

ith th

e pe

rson

and

oth

er h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

ls to

mod

ify th

e tr

eatm

ent p

lan

to

optim

ise th

e sa

fety

and

effe

ctiv

enes

s of

trea

tmen

t (w

here

rele

vant

)

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

5.2.

4 Re

port

s iss

ues a

risin

g fr

om th

e re

view

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

5.2.

5 O

rgan

ises t

he n

ext r

evie

w

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Page

| 1

12

A re

view

of t

he p

resc

ribin

g ca

pabi

lity

of sp

eech

pat

holo

gist

s, d

ietit

ians

and

psy

chol

ogist

s

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for e

ach

qual

ifica

tion

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r su

perv

ision

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

psy

chol

ogist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Co

mpe

tenc

y Ar

ea H

1 Pr

ofes

siona

l: Pr

actic

es p

rofe

ssio

nally

Elem

ent H

1.1

Prac

tices

with

in th

e ap

plic

able

legi

slativ

e an

d re

gula

tory

fram

ewor

ks

H1.1

.1 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

, an

d co

mpl

ies w

ith, l

egisl

atio

n,

regu

latio

ns, a

nd co

mm

on la

w

appl

icabl

e to

pre

scrib

ing

(as f

urth

er

defin

ed b

y th

e kn

owle

dge

subs

ectio

n of

this

com

pete

ncy

area

)

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

H1.1

.2 M

aint

ains

acc

urat

e an

d co

mpl

ete

reco

rds o

f:

the

cons

ulta

tion

cl

inic

al e

xam

inat

ions

and

in

vest

igat

ion

resu

lts

ris

k fa

ctor

s for

med

icine

s m

isadv

entu

re

th

e pe

rson

’s de

cisio

n to

dec

line

trea

tmen

t (w

here

rele

vant

)

chan

ges t

o th

e pe

rson

’s m

edici

nes

man

agem

ent p

lan,

inclu

ding

the

ratio

nale

beh

ind

thes

e ch

ange

s

the

revi

ew p

lan,

re

com

men

datio

ns, a

nd d

ate

for

next

revi

ew

ou

tcom

es o

f tre

atm

ent

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

Page

| 1

13

A re

view

of t

he p

resc

ribin

g ca

pabi

lity

of sp

eech

pat

holo

gist

s, d

ietit

ians

and

psy

chol

ogist

s

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for e

ach

qual

ifica

tion

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r su

perv

ision

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

psy

chol

ogist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

El

emen

t H1.

2 Pr

actic

es a

ccor

ding

to p

rofe

ssio

nal s

tand

ards

, cod

es o

f con

duct

, and

with

in th

e he

alth

pro

fess

iona

l’s o

wn

scop

e of

pra

ctice

H1.2

.1 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

an

d co

mpl

ianc

e w

ith:

pr

ofes

siona

l sta

ndar

ds

co

des o

f con

duct

scop

e of

pra

ctice

stat

emen

ts o

r gu

idel

ines

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

H1.2

.2 P

ract

ices w

ithin

the

limits

of

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n ed

ucat

ion,

trai

ning

and

scop

e of

pr

actic

e

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

H1.2

.3 D

emon

stra

tes r

espe

ct fo

r the

sc

ope

of p

ract

ice o

f oth

er h

ealth

pr

ofes

siona

ls an

d th

eir c

ontr

ibut

ion

with

in a

col

labo

rativ

e ca

re m

odel

, pa

rticu

larly

that

of t

he p

erso

n’s m

ain

heal

thca

re p

rovi

der

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

H1.2

.4 A

ccep

ts re

spon

sibili

ty a

nd is

ac

coun

tabl

e fo

r the

car

e pr

ovid

ed to

th

e pe

rson

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Elem

ent H

1.3

Prac

tices

with

in th

e ap

plic

able

fram

ewor

ks o

f the

hea

lthca

re se

ttin

g an

d sy

stem

H1.3

.1 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

an

d co

mpl

ies w

ith n

atio

nal,

stat

e an

d te

rrito

ry, a

nd fa

cility

pol

icies

and

pr

oced

ures

in re

latio

n to

pre

scrib

ing

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

Page

| 1

14

A re

view

of t

he p

resc

ribin

g ca

pabi

lity

of sp

eech

pat

holo

gist

s, d

ietit

ians

and

psy

chol

ogist

s

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for e

ach

qual

ifica

tion

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r su

perv

ision

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

psy

chol

ogist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

H1

.3.2

Dem

onst

rate

s app

ropr

iate

pr

ofes

siona

l jud

gem

ent w

hen

inte

rpre

ting

and

appl

ying

gui

delin

es

and

prot

ocol

s to

the

pers

on’s

situa

tion

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

H1.3

.3 C

ontr

ibut

es to

the

impr

ovem

ent o

f pol

icies

and

pr

oced

ures

for t

he ju

dici

ous,

appr

opria

te, s

afe

and

effe

ctiv

e us

e of

m

edic

ines

✗

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

Elem

ent H

1.4

Prac

tices

qua

lity

use

of m

edici

nes p

rinci

ples

H1.4

.1 A

pplie

s qua

lity

use

of

med

icin

es p

rinci

ples

whe

n pr

escr

ibin

g m

edici

nes

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

H1.4

.2 Id

entif

ies c

omm

on c

ause

s of

med

icin

es e

rror

s and

adv

erse

eve

nts,

and

impl

emen

ts st

rate

gies

to re

duce

th

e ris

ks o

f the

se o

ccur

ring

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

H1.4

.3 D

emon

stra

tes k

now

ledg

e of

th

e m

edic

ines

com

mon

ly p

resc

ribed

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

H1.4

.4 C

ritica

lly e

valu

ates

in

form

atio

n ab

out m

edici

nes a

nd

mak

es e

vide

nce-

base

d de

cisio

ns

abou

t med

icine

s in

the

heal

th

prof

essio

nal’s

ow

n pr

actic

e

✗

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Page

| 1

15

A re

view

of t

he p

resc

ribin

g ca

pabi

lity

of sp

eech

pat

holo

gist

s, d

ietit

ians

and

psy

chol

ogist

s

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for e

ach

qual

ifica

tion

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r su

perv

ision

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

psy

chol

ogist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

El

emen

t H1.

5 De

mon

stra

tes a

com

mitm

ent t

o co

ntin

ual q

ualit

y im

prov

emen

t of t

he h

ealth

pro

fess

iona

l’s o

wn

pres

crib

ing

H1.5

.1 E

ngag

es in

ong

oing

pr

ofes

siona

l dev

elop

men

t and

ed

ucat

ion

to im

prov

e pr

escr

ibin

g pr

actic

es

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

Elem

ent H

1.6

Addr

esse

s the

pot

entia

l for

bia

s in

pres

crib

ing

deci

sions

H1.6

.1 Im

plem

ents

stra

tegi

es to

ad

dres

s inf

luen

ces t

hat m

ay b

ias

pres

crib

ing

decis

ions

, inc

ludi

ng:

m

arke

ting

influ

ence

s

poss

ible

per

sona

l, pr

ofes

siona

l or

finan

cial g

ain

co

nflic

ts o

f int

eres

t

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n be

liefs

, val

ues,

and

expe

rienc

es

✗

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Com

pete

ncy

Area

H2

Com

mun

icate

s: Co

mm

unic

ates

and

col

labo

rate

s effe

ctiv

ely

with

the

pers

on a

nd o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

Elem

ent H

2.1

Obta

ins c

onse

nt to

pro

vide

clin

ical s

ervi

ces t

o th

e pe

rson

H2.1

.1 A

dher

es to

legi

slativ

e an

d w

orkp

lace

requ

irem

ents

for o

btai

ning

an

d re

cord

ing

cons

ent f

or:

ac

cess

ing

heal

th re

cord

s

obta

inin

g in

form

atio

n fr

om, a

nd

prov

idin

g in

form

atio

n to

, oth

er

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nals

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Page

| 1

16

A re

view

of t

he p

resc

ribin

g ca

pabi

lity

of sp

eech

pat

holo

gist

s, d

ietit

ians

and

psy

chol

ogist

s

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for e

ach

qual

ifica

tion

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r su

perv

ision

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

psy

chol

ogist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

cond

uctin

g a

clini

cal e

xam

inat

ion

pr

ovid

ing

clini

cal s

ervi

ces

th

e po

tent

ial b

enef

its a

nd h

arm

s of

trea

tmen

t

the

finan

cial a

spec

ts o

f the

tr

eatm

ent

El

emen

t H2.

2 Ac

know

ledg

es th

e pe

rson

, the

ir fa

mily

, and

care

rs a

s int

egra

l to

care

and

colla

bora

tes t

o ac

hiev

e op

timal

hea

lth o

utco

mes

H2.2

.1 In

volv

es th

e pe

rson

’s fa

mily

or

care

rs in

the

cons

ulta

tion

whe

re

appr

opria

te

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

H2.2

.2 E

xplo

res a

nd re

spon

ds

appr

opria

tely

to th

e pe

rson

’s co

ncer

ns a

nd e

xpec

tatio

ns re

gard

ing:

the

cons

ulta

tion

th

eir h

ealth

thei

r ow

n ro

le a

nd th

at o

f hea

lth

prof

essio

nals

in m

anag

ing

thei

r he

alth

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

scop

e of

pr

actic

e

the

use

of m

edici

nes a

nd o

ther

tr

eatm

ents

to m

aint

ain

thei

r he

alth

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

Page

| 1

17

A re

view

of t

he p

resc

ribin

g ca

pabi

lity

of sp

eech

pat

holo

gist

s, d

ietit

ians

and

psy

chol

ogist

s

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for e

ach

qual

ifica

tion

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r su

perv

ision

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

psy

chol

ogist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

H2

.2.3

Est

ablis

hes a

ther

apeu

tic

part

ners

hip

that

acc

ords

with

the

pref

eren

ces e

xpre

ssed

by

the

pers

on

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Elem

ent H

2.3

Resp

ects

the

pers

on

H2.3

.1 R

espe

cts t

he p

erso

n’s v

alue

s, be

liefs

, and

exp

erie

nces

Mas

ters

4

+ 2

H2.3

.2 R

espe

cts t

he p

erso

n’s p

rivac

y an

d co

nfid

entia

lity

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

H2.3

.3 R

espe

cts t

he p

erso

n’s

heal

thca

re d

ecisi

ons

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Elem

ent H

2.4

Com

mun

icate

s effe

ctiv

ely

with

the

pers

on u

sing

appr

opria

te co

mm

unic

atio

n sk

ills t

o en

able

the

safe

use

of m

edici

nes

H2.4

.1 A

sses

ses t

he p

erso

n’s

pref

erre

d la

ngua

ge, c

omm

unic

atio

n st

yle,

com

mun

icatio

n ca

pabi

litie

s, an

d he

alth

lite

racy

, and

adj

usts

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal’s

ow

n co

mm

unic

atio

n st

yle

to in

tera

ct

effe

ctiv

ely

with

them

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

H2.4

.2 C

onsid

ers t

he p

oten

tial i

ssue

of

per

ceiv

ed p

ower

diff

eren

ces

betw

een

the

heal

th p

rofe

ssio

nal a

nd

the

pers

on

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

H2.4

.3 P

rovi

des c

lear

and

app

ropr

iate

w

ritte

n an

d ve

rbal

info

rmat

ion

to th

e pe

rson

to e

nabl

e th

em to

mak

e

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Page

| 1

18

A re

view

of t

he p

resc

ribin

g ca

pabi

lity

of sp

eech

pat

holo

gist

s, d

ietit

ians

and

psy

chol

ogist

s

HP

PP P

resc

ribin

g M

odel

s Ex

tent

to w

hich

crite

rion

is ad

dres

sed

for e

ach

qual

ifica

tion

Pres

crib

ing

Com

pete

ncie

s Fr

amew

ork

Perf

orm

ance

Crit

eria

Pres

crib

ing

via

a st

ruct

ured

pr

escr

ibin

g ar

rang

emen

t

Pres

crib

ing

unde

r su

perv

ision

Auto

nom

ous

pres

crib

ing

Com

plet

ely

cove

red

by st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

Part

ly co

vere

d in

the

stan

dard

s app

licab

le

to a

psy

chol

ogist

Not

add

ress

ed b

y th

e st

anda

rds

appl

icab

le to

a

psyc

holo

gist

in

form

ed ch

oice

s and

ach

ieve

opt

imal

he

alth

out

com

es

H2.4

.4 A

scer

tain

s tha

t the

in

form

atio

n pr

ovid

ed h

as b

een

rece

ived

and

und

erst

ood

corr

ectly

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

Elem

ent H

2.5

Colla

bora

tes w

ith o

ther

hea

lth p

rofe

ssio

nals

to a

chie

ve o

ptim

al h

ealth

out

com

es fo

r the

per

son

H2.5

.1 E

ngag

es in

ope

n, in

tera

ctiv

e di

scus

sions

with

oth

er h

ealth

pr

ofes

siona

ls in

volv

ed in

carin

g fo

r th

e pe

rson

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

H2.5

.2 C

onfir

ms t

hat t

heir

own

unde

rsta

ndin

g of

info

rmat

ion

prov

ided

by

othe

r hea

lth

prof

essio

nals

is co

rrec

t

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

H2.5

.3 R

espo

nds a

ppro

pria

tely

to

com

mun

icat

ion

initi

ated

by

othe

r he

alth

pro

fess

iona

ls

M

aste

rs

4 +

2

H2.5

.4 P

rovi

des c

lear

ver

bal a

nd

writ

ten

info

rmat

ion

to o

ther

hea

lth

prof

essio

nals

by se

cure

mea

ns w

hen

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88.3.3 Discussion

The psychology professional and entry level competency standards provide a comprehensive description of the capabilities of an entry level psychologist. Minor adjustments to include reference regarding medicines could improve mapping in areas such as obtaining information from the patient, as well as therapeutic selection and implementation.

It is likely that some of the prescribing activities that do not map well are undertaken in actual practice, but due to their lack of documentation in the standards, are perceived not to map to the Prescribing Competencies Framework. These include the following:

Allows the person time to make an informed decision about their treatment Works in partnership with the person and other health professionals to modify the treatment

plan Organises the next review Ascertains that the information provided has been received and understood correctly Confirms that their own understanding of information provided by other health professionals is



Medication and allergy history taking Medication selection competencies

o Identification of safe, appropriate, effective medicine options o Stopping or modifying existing medicines if required o QUM principles o Identification of medicines errors and adverse events

Medication orders Legislative requirements relating to medicines

Mapping of the learning objectives for the representative undergraduate programs of study provided limited information to assess graduate capability with respect to prescribing. The learning objectives are quite broad in their statements and, without review of individual lectures and tutorials, it if impossible to say to what extent they map with the Prescribing Competencies Framework. Mapping at an element level rather than a performance criteria level is also less specific; not all performance criteria within the element may be covered by the learning objectives. This mapping does, however, give an indication of the coverage of the Prescribing Competencies Framework by APAC accredited programs of study.

Some of the elements which could not be identified in the learning objectives are likely to be covered in clinical placements. These include negotiating of therapeutic goals, developing a review plan, assessing response to treatment, addressing issues arising from the review, obtaining consent and acknowledging and collaborating with the person and their family. Others such as providing instruction to other health professionals who dispense, supply, or administer medicines prescribed for the person or practicing quality use of medicines principles are clearly outside of current scope and would require an addition to the curriculum.


As indicated in table 7, the requisite competencies for safe and effective prescribing differ dependent on the model of prescribing to be used. The number of competencies required to prescribe under supervision or autonomously is greater than those required to prescribe via a structured prescribing arrangement. This information can be used to identify the additional training that would be required to achieve psychology prescribing competence, dependent on the model of prescribing. Table C4, appendix C shows the competencies not met or only partly met by the psychology standards and indicates the additional training required, dependent on the prescribing model. The additional training required for prescribing under a structured prescribing arrangement is as follows:


prescribing QUM principles appropriate to model of prescribing Identification of common errors and potential adverse reactions associated with medicines

to be prescribed Identification of potential problems with existing medicines and cessation or adjustment as

appropriate Legislation, policies and procedures applicable to model of prescribing Writing of medicine orders appropriate to model of prescribing Recording keeping with respect to medicine use Review of medicine therapy Identification of person’s need for comprehensive medicines review Communication with the person regarding medicine choice, safe and effective use of the





treated Tailoring of medicine to the person’s needs Consideration of cost of medicines to be prescribed Implication to the wider community with respect to prescribing Communication with the person with respect to opinions and preferences regarding

medicines and the treatment plan Communication with respect to medicines options and reaching agreement with the person Ethical issues with respect to prescribing Provision of verbal orders if required appropriate for model of prescribing Obtaining approval for medicine use if required

There are a number of routes by which competency to prescribe could be achieved. The competencies to prescribe via a structured prescribing arrangement could be incorporated into pre-entry programs of study with minimal adjustment. Authority to prescribe under supervision or


autonomously requires additional training which could be provided in the way of postgraduate training, with appropriate assessment and credentialing to ensure competency. The APS stated in response to the HWA consultation paper on the HPPP, that they had already developed the course content of a post graduate psychotherapy course, indicating their intention to implement a psychology prescribing program of study(47). However, the majority of the competencies are not profession specific, so there is the possibility of the development of a generic allied health prescribing course. This could be provided in combination with workplace supervision and mentoring, to train and subsequently assess psychology prescribers. Over time it may be possible to incorporate all aspects of prescribing into pre-entry programs of study.

In order to progress the introduction of psychologist prescribing of medicines within scope of practice, processes around the accreditation of prescribing training programs and recognition of prescriber status need to be developed.


In addition AHPRA has established a Prescribing Working Group whose aim is to ‘develop a governance framework and other resources to support the development and review of national board regulatory policy relating to prescribing of scheduled medicines’(6). This working group provides a useful mechanism to facilitate active collaboration between health professions and the Forum, with a view to consistency of accreditation. The APS have previously stated that whilst a consistent approach to accreditation of prescribing education would be beneficial within professions, it would not be beneficial across professions given the varying complexity of prescription medicines(47). However, APAC is a member body of the Forum leaving it well placed to inform the development of, and subsequently adopt, any accreditation framework that is developed.

Alternatively APAC could independently develop their own accreditation standards. As an ongoing goal the Prescribing Competencies Framework should be embedded in any prescribing accreditation standards developed. This approach is evidenced in the 2015 Nurse Practitioner and Endorsement for Scheduled Medicines for Midwives Accreditation Standards, both of which require a map of subjects against the Prescribing Competencies Framework(31, 32).

8.4 Recommendations

If psychologist prescribing is to occur, consideration needs to be given to the process by which psychologists are recognised as competent to prescribe.

As discussed previously, in Queensland the authority to prescribe is legislated under the Health (Drugs and Poisons) Regulation 1996 (HDPR) therefore, amendments to the regulation would be required to authorise psychologists to prescribe. As a temporary measure, prescribing could occur


within Queensland under the section 18 approval process, which has been used previously to authorise prescribing trials in pharmacy and physiotherapy.

In addition, if psychology prescribing is to occur at a national level, professional standards should be revised to include prescribing competencies. Amendments to the relevant medicines regulation in each state and territory would also be required.

In order to progress psychology prescribing it is recommended that:

APAC develops or adopts an accreditation framework and uses it to accredit prescribing training programs suitable for psychology prescribing

The PsyBA seeks Australian Health Workforce Ministerial Council approval, under section 14 of the National Law, to enable the Board to endorse the registration of a psychologist for scheduled medicines

The PsyBA approves, under section 35(1)(d) of the National Law, an accredited program of study as providing qualifications for endorsement


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