“a revolution in industry”
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Chapter 12 Section 1. “A REVOLUTION IN INDUSTRY”. 1789 – Slater arrives from Britain and builds the first spinning jenny This began America’s Industrial Revolution. Industrial Revolution - the shift of production from hand tools to machines from homes to factories. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
“A REVOLUTION IN INDUSTRY”Chapter 12 Section 1
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN THE U.S. 1789 – Slater arrives from Britain and
builds the first spinning jenny This began America’s Industrial Revolution.
Industrial Revolution- the shift of production from hand tools to machines from homes to factories.
SPINNING JENNY
ELI WHITNEY’S COTTON GIN Eli Whitney’s invention of the cotton
gin in 1793 Led to increased production of cotton that
mills needed Made it a cash crop cleaned 50 times as much cotton in a day
than a worker could by hand.
THE COTTON GIN
COTTON KINGDOM Before the cotton gin, slaves picked out
seeds out of raw cotton It was slow work, planters said that they
could not make a profit growing cotton
COTTON KINGDOM Now they could
Southern farmers moved westward, looking for new lands to plant in cotton.
Slavery became an important part of the new “cotton kingdom”.
SPURRING INDUSTRIAL GROWTH In the late 1790’s Eli Whitney
pioneered mass production. Mass production- using machines to make
goods faster and cheaper than could be made by hand.
Used interchangeable parts
THE GROWTH OF BUSINESS The federal government helped
American business grow. Congress created a new national bank
which gave out loans to businesses and passed a protective
Protective tariff- a tax placed on imported goods
Why do you issue a protective tariff?
“NEW FORMS OF TRANSPORTATION”
Chapter 12 section 2
TRANSPORTATION IN THE NORTH 1806 National Road – ran across the
Appalachian Mountains First federally funded roads
Monroe vetoes bill in 1816 for more roads
SHIPS AND CANALS Steamboat by Fulton 1817 – Erie Canal
363 miles Hudson River to Lake Erie First all water link between Central
farms and East Coast cities
ROBERT FULTON
THE CLERMONT
DEWITT CLINTON
RAILS IN THE NORTH Steam-powered locomotives Laying tracks in the 1840s is the
biggest business in the North By 1860, more than 20,000 miles of rail
existed
TRANSPORTING IN THE SOUTH Shipped mostly
by rivers Steam powered
river boats Cotton is loaded
directly there Causes cities to
pop up along waterways
Rails in 1860: 10,000 in the South