a snapshot of select mobile payment providers’ disclosures...results for “mobile payments”...

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A Snapshot of Select Mobile Payment Providers’ Disclosures FTC Staff’s Preliminary Observations* Manas Mohapatra Andrew Schlossberg Mobile Technology Unit Division of Financial Practices Federal Trade Commission Research Assistants: Erin FeehanNelson Joseph Weber, Jr. * These slides were developed only for discussion purposes at the FTC Workshop “Paper, Plastic . . . Or Mobile,” held on April 26, 2012 in Washington, DC

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Page 1: A Snapshot of Select Mobile Payment Providers’ Disclosures...results for “mobile payments” with Google, Bing and Yahoo, and additionally through references in various media and

A Snapshot of Select Mobile Payment Providers’ Disclosures ‐

FTC Staff’s Preliminary Observations*

Manas MohapatraAndrew Schlossberg

Mobile Technology UnitDivision of Financial Practices

Federal Trade CommissionResearch Assistants: Erin Feehan‐NelsonJoseph Weber, Jr.

* These slides were developed only for discussion purposes at the FTC Workshop  “Paper, Plastic . . . Or Mobile,” held on April 26, 2012 in Washington, DC 

Page 2: A Snapshot of Select Mobile Payment Providers’ Disclosures...results for “mobile payments” with Google, Bing and Yahoo, and additionally through references in various media and

• What?• A look at select mobile payment companies that currently allow consumers to 

make purchases or transfer money to other consumers through a mobile device 

• Staff did not examine companies that provide tools that solely allow merchants to process payments through mobile technologies

• Why?• Purpose is to observe what disclosures are made to consumers regarding these 

companies’ dispute resolution policies and privacy policies

• These observations are not intended to serve as the basis for general conclusions about the mobile payments industry

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Page 3: A Snapshot of Select Mobile Payment Providers’ Disclosures...results for “mobile payments” with Google, Bing and Yahoo, and additionally through references in various media and

• Who?• 19 mobile payment providers currently offering products and services in the 

United States

• Companies reviewed were chosen by analyzing a selection of the top search results for “mobile payments” with Google, Bing and Yahoo, and additionally through references in various media and research reports

• What the Companies Reviewed Allow Consumers to Buy:• 11 allow consumers to purchase physical goods in person• 6 allow consumers to purchase physical goods over the internet• 9 allow consumers to purchase virtual goods• 7 allow consumers to transfer funds to other consumers• 7 allow consumers the ability to do more than one of the activities above

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Page 4: A Snapshot of Select Mobile Payment Providers’ Disclosures...results for “mobile payments” with Google, Bing and Yahoo, and additionally through references in various media and

• How They Operate• 17 provide consumers with a mobile app to download that allows them to make a 

mobile payment • 15 apps available on Google Play and Apple’s App Store; 6 available in Blackberry’s 

App World; 4 in the Windows Phone Marketplace  

• 7 provide a mobile payments solution that involved SMS messaging 

• 9 have web sites formatted for mobile devices that consumers can use to make payments

• Popularity of Solutions Provided by Companies Reviewed:• For those companies reviewed that have a mobile app:

• the number of downloads of the 15 apps that are available through Google Play range from as low as 500 to more than 1 million

• the number of ratings for the 15 apps available in Apple’s App Store ranged from a low of 7 to a high of 60,000

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Page 5: A Snapshot of Select Mobile Payment Providers’ Disclosures...results for “mobile payments” with Google, Bing and Yahoo, and additionally through references in various media and

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79% (15 of 19)

37% (7 of 19 total)

21% (4 of 19 total)

37% (7 of 19 total)

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Credit Card/Debit Card Bank Account Billed to Mobile Carrier Multiple Funding SourcesPermitted

Num

ber o

f Com

panies

Funding Sources Available to Consumersfor Mobile Payment Providers Reviewed

Page 6: A Snapshot of Select Mobile Payment Providers’ Disclosures...results for “mobile payments” with Google, Bing and Yahoo, and additionally through references in various media and

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37% (7 of 19 total)

95% (18 of 19 total)

32% (6 of 19 total)

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4

6

8

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Mobile Payment Provider (Stored Value) External Funding Source (Pass‐through) Either (Consumer Has Choice)

Num

ber o

f Com

panies

Who Is Charged When a Consumer Makes a Transaction?

Page 7: A Snapshot of Select Mobile Payment Providers’ Disclosures...results for “mobile payments” with Google, Bing and Yahoo, and additionally through references in various media and

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Stated Dispute Policies on Consumers’ Total Liability for Fraudulent or Unauthorized Purchases

Does Not Say10 Companies*, 

53%

No Limit1 Company, 5%

$50 4 Companies,  21%

$50 if reported within two days, then $5004 Companies, 21% 

All Mobile Payment Providers Reviewed (19 Total)* Of these 10 companies, 8 allowed consumers to fund their accounts throughcredit or debit cards

Page 8: A Snapshot of Select Mobile Payment Providers’ Disclosures...results for “mobile payments” with Google, Bing and Yahoo, and additionally through references in various media and

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Stated Dispute Policies on Consumers’ Total Liability for Fraudulent or Unauthorized Purchases

Does Not Say 3 Companies

$50 2 Companies

$50 if reported within two days, then $500, 

2 Companies

Companies Reviewed that Allow Multiple Funding Mechanisms (7 Total)

Page 9: A Snapshot of Select Mobile Payment Providers’ Disclosures...results for “mobile payments” with Google, Bing and Yahoo, and additionally through references in various media and

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Stated Dispute Policies on Consumers’ Total Liability for Fraudulent or Unauthorized Purchases

$50$50 if reportedwithin two days,

then $500No Limit Does Not Say

Companies Surveyed that Allow StoredValue (7 Total) 3 0 1 3

Companies Surveyed that Allow MultipleFunding Mechanisms (7 Total) 2 2 0 3

Companies Surveyed that Allow FundingThrough Bank Account (7 Total) 1 4 0 2

Companies Surveyed that Allow FundingThrough Bill‐to‐Carrier (4 Total) 1 0 0 3

Companies Surveyed that Allow FundingThrough Credit Card/Debit Card (15 Total) 4 2 1 8

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1

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7

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9

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panies

Page 10: A Snapshot of Select Mobile Payment Providers’ Disclosures...results for “mobile payments” with Google, Bing and Yahoo, and additionally through references in various media and

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Stated Time Within Which Consumers Must Notify Company of a Disputed Charge

Does Not Say6 Companies, 

32%

30 Days2 Companies, 10%

60 Days 7 Companies, 37%

90 Days3 Companies, 16%

1 Year 1 Company, 5%

All Mobile Payment Providers Reviewed (19 Total)

Page 11: A Snapshot of Select Mobile Payment Providers’ Disclosures...results for “mobile payments” with Google, Bing and Yahoo, and additionally through references in various media and

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Does Not Say30 Days60 Days90 Days1 YearCompanies Surveyed that Allow Stored

Value (7 Total) 21220

Companies Surveyed that Allow MultipleFunding Mechanisms (7 Total) 11410

Companies Surveyed that Allow FundingThrough Bank Account (7 Total) 10510

Companies Surveyed that Allow FundingThrough Bill‐to‐Carrier (4 Total) 11110

Companies Surveyed that Allow FundingThrough Credit Card/Debit Card (15 Total) 52521

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1

2

3

4

5

6

Num

ber o

f Com

panies

Stated Time Within Which Consumers Must Notify Company of a Disputed Charge

Page 12: A Snapshot of Select Mobile Payment Providers’ Disclosures...results for “mobile payments” with Google, Bing and Yahoo, and additionally through references in various media and

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Privacy Policies and Disclosed Practices:Does the Company Have a Privacy Policy?

Companies with a Privacy Policy

19 Companies, 100%

Page 13: A Snapshot of Select Mobile Payment Providers’ Disclosures...results for “mobile payments” with Google, Bing and Yahoo, and additionally through references in various media and

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Privacy Policies and Disclosed Practices:Information Collected by Companies Reviewed

32% (6 of 19 companies)

37% (7 of 19 companies)

37% (7 of 19 companies)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

Location Information Social Security Number Information From ConsumerReporting Agencies

Page 14: A Snapshot of Select Mobile Payment Providers’ Disclosures...results for “mobile payments” with Google, Bing and Yahoo, and additionally through references in various media and

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Privacy Policies and Disclosed Practices:Information Shared With Third‐Parties

• 8 of the 19 companies reviewed state that they send aggregate information to third‐party advertisers

• Many companies had statements about who they would share consumers’ personal information with.  Examples of statements about when a company may disclose or provide personal information:

• “to perform business support functions on our behalf”• “for the purposes of . . . improving the user experience”• "to companies that provide services to help us with our business activities such 

as shipping your order or offering customer service.“• “to strategic partners . . . that help . . . market to customers.“• “with . . . trusted third parties, to ensure that you have a safe, high‐

performance experience”

Page 15: A Snapshot of Select Mobile Payment Providers’ Disclosures...results for “mobile payments” with Google, Bing and Yahoo, and additionally through references in various media and

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