a snapshot report on telecommunication technology in india

8/3/2019 A Snapshot Report on Telecommunication Technology in India

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Preface............................................................................................................ 2

1. Introduction................................................................................................ 42. Services Provided in India.......................................................................... 4

2.1 International Long Distance Service ..................................................................................42.2 National Long Distance Service.........................................................................................4

2.3 Basic Telephone Service ....................................................................................................4

2.4 Cellular Mobile Service ......................................................................................................5

2.5 Internet Service .................................................................................................................52.6 Global Mobile Personal Communication Service...............................................................5

3. Education in Telecommunication ............................................................. 5

4. Research and Development in India.......................................................... 65. Investment Scenario in the Country.................Error! Bookmark not defined.

7. Forums in India Driving

Telecommunication......................................................................................14

8. Forums Operating Outside India..............................................................16

9. Foreign Collaborations..............................................................................189.1 Business Collaborations and Deals ..................................................................................18

9.2 Research Collaborations ..................................................................................................1910. Achievements...........................................................................................19

10.1 Research and Development Achievements ....................................................................19

10.2 Business Achievements..................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

11. Indias Focus............................................................................................2811.1 Government Set-up .......................................................................................................28

11.2 Government Initiatives ..................................................................................................28

12. Telecom Services MarketSome Performance Indicators.....................3012.1 Fixed Line Services ........................................................................................................3012.2 Mobile Services..............................................................................................................30

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E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.cygnusindia.com

A Snapshot Report on

Telecommunication Technology

in India

August 2011

Disclaimer: All information contained in this report has been obtained from sources believed to be accurate by Cygnus Business Consulting &Research Pvt.Ltd. (Cygnus). While reasonable care has been taken in its preparation, Cygnus makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, asto the accuracy, timeliness or completeness of any such information. The information contained herein may be changed without notice. All informationshould be considered solely as statements of opinion and Cygnus will not be liable for any loss incurred by users from any use of the publication orcontents

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A Snapshot Report on Telecommunication Technology in India

Cygnus Business Consulting & Research Pvt. Ltd. 2011 2

CONTENTS

Preface............................................................................................................ 3

1. Introduction................................................................................................ 42. Services Provided in India.......................................................................... 4

2.1 International Long Distance Service ................................................................................. 4

2.2 National Long Distance Service........................................................................................ 42.3 Basic Telephone Service ................................................................................................... 4

2.4 Cellular Mobile Service ..................................................................................................... 52.5 Internet Service ................................................................................................................ 5

2.6 Global Mobile Personal Communication Service.............................................................. 5

3. Education in Telecommunication ............................................................. 5

4. Research and Development in India.......................................................... 6

5. Investment Scenario in the Country........................................................... 95.1 Various Corporate Investments ........................................................................................ 9

5.2 Foreign Investment PolicyTelecommunication........................................................... 10

6. Intellectual Property Rights ...................................................................... 11

7. Forums in India Driving Telecommunication..........................................14

8. Forums Operating Outside India..............................................................16

9. Foreign Collaborations..............................................................................189.1 Business Collaborations and Deals ................................................................................. 18

9.2 Research Collaborations ................................................................................................. 19

10. Achievements...........................................................................................19 10.1 Research and Development Achievements ................................................................... 1910.2 Business Achievements................................................................................................. 24

11. Indias Focus............................................................................................2811.1 Government Set-up ...................................................................................................... 28

11.2 Government Initiatives ................................................................................................. 28

12. Telecom Services MarketSome Performance Indicators.....................3012.1 Fixed Line Services ....................................................................................................... 30

12.2 Mobile Services............................................................................................................. 30

12.3 Internet Services ........................................................................................................... 3013. Conclusion ...............................................................................................30

Annexure 1 : Profiles of Technology companies in India.............................31

Annexure 2: List of abbreviations used.........................................................50

Annexure 3: Bibliography .............................................................................51

Annexure 4: List of companies (less than 5 years old)..................................52




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Preface

This report provides an understanding of the telecommunications technology in India. It covers thecurrent scenario of telecommunications in terms of education, research, government focus, industry

activities, achievements, and the patents filed in India in this area. For the convenience of thereader, a list of abbreviations used in the report is provided at the end.




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1. IntroductionTelecommunication is one of the fastest growing segments in the country with the tele-density (numberfor every hundred people). The overall Teledensity in India reached 70.89 as on 31st March 2011. This

was primarily because of the liberalisation of the sector by Government of India, which made telecomservices readily accessible and affordable. This phenomenal growth in Indian telecom drew the attentionof the world.

2. Services Provided in India The telecommunications industry is a system of switches and lines, which eventually interconnect toprovide communication between multiple parties. Following are some of the basic applications oftelecommunication in India:

2.1 International Long Distance Service

In the field of international telephony, India agreed under the GATS to review its opening up in 2004. The applicant company pays one-time non-refundable entry fee of Rs.25m plus a bank guarantee of

Rs.250 million, which would be released on fulfilment of the roll out obligations. There is no bar insetting up of Point of Presence (PoP) or Gateway switches in remaining location of Level I Taxes.Preferably, these PoPs should conform to Open Network Architecture (ONA) i.e. should be based oninternationally accepted standards to ensure seamless working with other Carriers Network.Some of the characteristics of international long distance service in India are as follows:

Free competition allowed in this service Applicant company should have minimum net worth of Rs250m Entry fee of Rs250m along with a bank guarantee of Rs250m, which is returned on fulfilment of

network roll-out obligations

License fee of 15% in the form of revenue share, including Universal Service Obligation for a periodof 20 years. It is extendable by five years.

2.2 National Long Distance ServiceSome of the salient features of national long distance service in India are as follows:

Unlimited entry for carrying both inter-circle and intra-circle calls Total foreign equity (including equity of NRIs and international funding agencies) must not exceed

74%. Promoters must encompass a combined net worth of Rs.25 million.

Private operators should enter into an arrangement with fixed-service providers within a circle fortraffic between long-distance and short-distance charging centres.

Seven years time frame set for rollout of network, spread over four phases. Any shortfall in networkcoverage would result in encashment and forfeiture of bank guarantee of that phase.

Private operators to pay one-time entry fee of Rs.25m plus a Financial Bank Guarantee (FBG) ofRs.200m. The revenue sharing agreement would be to the extent of 6%.

Private operators allowed setting up landing facilities that access submarine cables and use excessbandwidth available.

Licence period would be for 20 years and extendable by 10 years2.3 Basic Telephone Service

The important features and the regulations of basic telephone service in the country are as follows:

There are 21 territorial service areas in the country and the Government allows unrestrictedcompetition in the service sector

Minimum paid-up capital, promoters combined net worth and one-time entry fee for each servicearea is decided according to the prescribed norms

Licenses are issued from a period of 20 years, later on extendable by ten years and the license feevaries from 8-10%, depending on the service area

Operators are allowed to carry their own long distance traffic within their service area




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Bharti School at IIT Delhi

Bharti Enterprises and IIT Delhi,jointly set up Bharti School of

Telecommunications Technology andManagement in March 2006. The goalis to provide a centre of excellence fortelecom technology.

Advanced Level Telecom Training Centre

Established by the Govt of India in 1975 with theassistance of UNDP and ITU at Ghaziabad.

Trains in high-tech telecommunications and modernmanagement practices for the government telecomengineers.

Functions as resource centre in providing developedcourse materials, audio-visual instructional aids,computer-based training, software support andtraining for trainers.

2.4 Cellular Mobile Service

Cellular mobile service in the country is currently on a high with the second highest growth rate. Thesalient features of the service are as follows:

There are 20 circle service areas and four metro cities Licenses are issued from a period of 20 years, later on extendable by ten years and the license fee

varies from 8-10%, depending on the service area

Additional revenue share of 2% for spectrum up to 4.4MHz + 4.4MHz or 3% for spectrum up to6.2MHz + 6.2MHz or 4% for spectrum up to 10MHz + 10MHz

Operators are allowed to carry their own long distance traffic within their service area2.5 Internet Service

Opened for free competition Service providers are permitted to establish their own International gateways (Satellite or Submarine

cable) for carrying Internet traffic

Requires a token license fee of Rs1 per annum

Internet telephony service is allowed for only ISP licensees Service providers are permitted to give bandwidth from gateway to other Internet service providers2.6 Global Mobile Personal Communication Service

Opened for free competition Licenses issued on non-exclusive basis after security clearance Gateways to be located in India and the operation and maintenance of the gateways to be done by an

organisation designated by the Government

Entry fee of Rs10m License feeof 10% of revenue share3. Education in Telecommunication

There are a number of educationalinstitutes in the country offering coursesand degree programmes intelecommunication. Generally, most ofeducational courses are offered as degreesin Electronics and Telecommunication.

Apart from government colleges andinstitutes like the Institutes of Technology(IIT), there are a number of prestigiousprivate colleges. Some of the salientfeatures of the education related totelecommunication in the country are:

There are about 20,000 seats intelecommunications engineering offered by private and government colleges all over the country

All the IITs, regional engineering colleges and theNational Institutes of Technologies offer courses intelecommunication

Military College of Telecommunication Engineeringimparts education and training to the people in defence,located at Mhow

Indian Railways Institute of Signal Engineering andTelecommunications in Secunderabad, Andhra Pradeshdeals with training and education facilities for the Indian

Railways




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Telecommunications & ComputerNetworks (TeNeT)

TeNeT at IIT Madras is an importantR&D group. It consists of TeNeTfaculty and project staff at IIT Madras

and several R&D companies formed byalumni of IIT Madras. It aims to makepossible 100m telephone connectionsand 25m Internet connections in Indiain less than ten years.

R&D Focus of C-DOT

Strategic partnership to reduce time todevelop, market and earn revenue

Innovate cost effective, socio-economicsolutions for semi-urban, rural andremote networks.

Cost effective and appropriatetechnologies and solutions for Indianand Global markets.

Develop solutions for strategic sectorslike defence and security.

Develop futuristic technologies like 4G wireless, fixed mobile convergence andoptical switches.

Telcordia Techs R&D Lab in Chennai

Telcordia Technologies has established aresearch and development lab inChennaifirst such facility outside theUS. The lab would work on telecomsolutions relevant to India and to thecompany's globaloperations.

Bharati School of Telecommunication Technology and Management offers M. Tech, MBA, MS, PhD courses in telecommunication

The Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers, New DelhiA vast network of 44 Telecommunication Training Centres is spread all over the country, with AdvancedLevel Telecom Training Centre at Ghaziabad at the apex. There are some management courses too in thefield of telecommunication offered by the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad and Aegis Schoolof Telecommunication Management, Mumbai.

4. Research and Development in IndiaOver the years, Government of India is continuouslystrengthening the Research and Development (R&D)efforts to provide impetus to manufacturing and to enableIndian telecom standards to become truly global. Some ofthe leading institutions in India are engaged in R&D ofstate-of-the-art technologies in switching, transmission,access terminal equipment, network management and IT.Indian telecom experts encompass the ability in a widerange of services in telecommunications and also providetechnical expertise. Some of the recent initiatives in theR&D of telecommunications in the country are:

Project on variable input (EI, EII, EIII digitalinterfaces) Intermediate Data Rate equipment inKu Band, conducted by C-DOT

Various modules of the Operation SupportSystems (OSS) being developed by C-DOT

Developing wireless Intelligent Network forCDMA subscribers Intelligent Peripheral (IP)Support for deployed IN solutions by C-DOT

Research on Porting of IN services on lowcapacity platforms conducted by C-DOT

Telecom Division (TCD) of ElectronicsCorporation of India Ltd at Hyderabad is engagedin the design, development, manufacturing andsupply of Integrated Communication and SecurityProducts/Projects for various telecom andsecurity applications

Mobile handset giant Nokia is actively carrying out R&D works in their CDMA R&D in NewMumbai, Enterprise Solutions in Hyderabad, andDevice Software Centre in Bangalore

Motorola India is carrying out applied research anddevelopment on Seamless Mobility/Convergencetechnologies in R&D centres at Bangalore andHyderabad.

Siemens Corporate Technology India Centre inBangalore is developing software for location-basedservices and multimedia applications for GSM and3G/UMTS networks throughout the world




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ECI Telecom R&D centre

Telcordia ECI Telecom Ltd of Israel hasdecided to open a new R&D centre inIndia. ECI's existing R&D facilitiescurrently are located in the US, Israel andChina.

Nortel Technology Excellence Centre in Bangaloreis focusing on new product design, development andtesting, spread on a 35,000 square foot facility.

Alcatel's Indian development centres are located inGurgaon and Chennai. The Software Centre atGurgaon is completely focused on development ofapplication software.

Seoul-based Intellect Inc is working on US$600mchip-fabrication unit near Hyderabad.

Swedish telecom giant Ericsson is focussing on developing value-added applications for the pre-paidand multimedia segments of mobile phones in its R&D facility in Chennai.

Qualcomm Incorporated operates an R&D centre in Hyderabad, India, which supports thecompanys CDMA chipset development activities and ongoing efforts to advance CDMA wirelesstechnology in India and across the region.

Huawei Technologies India Pvt Ltd, in its largest overseas R&D centre located in Bangalore, iscarrying out research works in areas of Next Generation Networks, Intelligent Networks, Data-communication, Network Management, Telecom Middleware and Mobile Handset Software for

worldwide market.

In India, Nokia is carrying out extensive R&D work, a list of which is provided in Table 1.

Given below is the list of the different research projects in progress in various government researchinstitutes and scientific laboratories across the country:

Table 1: R&D activities of Nokia in India

Division Technology Domains/Products Internal/External Customers

CDMA R&D, MumbaiMedia, music computation, imagingand visual technology, 3G and also

4G with HSDPA and HSUPA

For Nokias global operations

Enterprise Solutions,Hyderabad

Software development, maintenanceand testing of e-mail manager andSSL based-VPN product with thesupport of in-house operatingsystem. IPVPN client for fulfillingthe security concerns of theconvergence of IP with mobileacross the various domains

Pfizer employed Nokia Mobile VPNclient and Nokia 9500Communicators for secure mobileaccess to medical information

Device Software Centre,

Bangalore

Software for network, networkelements, provisioning and

applications. Build IP networks formobile operators

Not Available




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Table 2:R&D activities of various research institutes in India

Institution Project

Dr BR Ambedkar National Institute of

Technology, Jalandhar

Design and Simulation of High Data Rate Optical

Fibre Transmission Systems The National Institute of Technology,

TiruchirappalliRF Mems reconfigurable antenna

Department of Electronics and

Communication Engineering, Indian Institute

of Technology, Delhi

R&D on Specialty Optical Fibres and Fibre-based

Components for Optical Communications

Development of Mobile AC Service Training Manual

Analysis and Design of Wireless, Mobile and

Multiservice Communication Networks

Working on development of a router based on VS

algorithm

Department of Computer Science and

Engineering Indian Institute of Technology,

Bombay Active in research on MPLS, QoS, Interdomain

routing

The Centre for Development of Advanced

Computing (C-DAC), BangaloreTETRA Radio Network for Kerala Police

C-DAC, Noida Interoperable Open standard Set-Top Box

Institute of Technology, Roorkee RF shield for the mobile handset

Institute of Management, CalcuttaSecure Decentralised Disaster management

information network

Central Scientific Instruments Organisation RF Bug Detector

International Institute of InformationTechnology

Broadband wireless access technologies anddeployment of Wi-Fi protocol based campus network

National Institute of Amateur Radio,

Hyderabad

Digital Connectivity through Amateur Radio Centres

for Disaster Management

Central Mining Research Institute, Dhanbad Wireless Communication for Underground Mines

University of PuneSecure Hybrid Network (wireline and wireless) and

Managed Security System

Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi Virtual Space routing in Converged Networks

Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi Assessment of WiMax Technology for Performance,

Interoperability on Campus Area Test Bed

TeNeT

TeNeT Group is working with Nexge to develop a

Softswitch catering to a wide variety of deployment

scenarios.

Communication Research Centre Space Time wireless communication

Peer to peer wireless mesh networks for rural

community

Media Lab Asia GramPatra- 802.11b based technology to provide

broadband, asynchronous, store and forward

connectivity in rural areas




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Indiathe hub of major investments!

8 M&A deals worth more than US$2 billionwere completed in first quarter of 2006.

CAOI estimates the total private investmentin the cellular mobile sector until April 2006at US$13 billion.

Telecom manufacturing sector is expected toattract about US$1.5-2 billion and telecomservices sector US$2-3 billion of investmentsby 2008.

5. Investment Scenario in the Country

5.1 Various Corporate Investments

India is attracting a huge amount of investment in the telecommunication sector, which is primarily dueto the spectacular growth of the industry in the recent 3 to 4 years. According to the Department ofIndustrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP), the telecommunications sector, which includes radio paging,mobile services and basic telephone services attracted foreign direct investment (FDI) worth US$1.66billion during April-March 2010-11. The cumulative flow of FDI in the sector during April 2000 and

April 2011 is US$10.61 billion. Companies like Motorola and Nokia decided to invest heavily andestablish local manufacturing plants to supply to the ever-growing market for mobile phones. Elcoteqplans to establish production units in the country, while Korean leaders like Samsung and LG areplanning to expand with huge investments. Some of the important investment decisions taken in therecent years by the multinational companies are as follows:

The 12th Plan period (April 2012-March2017) entails an investment of about US$110

billion for telecom infrastructure

development.

The two telecom PSUs -- BSNL and MTNLare expected to invest around US$22.38

billion during the five years to revamp their

telecom infrastructure.

Private players, on the other hand, areexpected to invest US$89.53 billion during the

same period (2012-2017) in expanding their infrastructure.

Digital Gangetic Plain- Application of 802.11technology to provide rural connectivity byprovisioning wireless Internet along the Kanpur-Lucknow corridor

Rural Net- The aim of the project is to develop robust,cost-effective, high performance and spectrallyefficient solutions for long range: point to multipointsolutions and mesh networks based on 802.11xbroadband wireless technologies for last mile ruralconnectivity.

OFDM technology for communication

Coding Theory

Signal Processing for Communication (Syncronization,

Channel Estimation, Equalization)

Signal and Image Processing

Routing Protocols in Adhoc wireless networks and

sensor Networks

International Institute of Information

Technology

MAC protocols




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Chinese telecom equipment maker Huawei Technologies would invest US$120- 150m to set up itsown R&D campus in Whitefield, Bangalore. The company would be the first company-owned

research facility outside China.

GSM mobile network operator Aircel launched iPhone 4 from the Apples stable in Hyderabad. Vodafone to invest approximately US$1.5 billion to acquire around 10% in Bharti Tele-Ventures Ltd. Hutchison decided for an investment of US$400m for Hutchison-Essar network expansion. Hexacom is investing US$10 billion in the expansion work of GSM network in Rajasthan. Hutchison Telecommunication (India) acquired the entire 5.11% stake of Hinduja TMT in the

unlisted Indian cellular joint venture with the Essar group for an all-cash deal of USD450m.

Maxis Communications, a leading Malaysian telecom company, valued Aircel, an Indian GSMoperator with around two million subscribers, at US$800m. After that, Maxis made cash investment

of US$280m in Aircel. It took a 65% direct stake in Aircel and then formed a joint-venture company

with a partner in India, which would own the other 35%, giving Maxis an overall holding of 74%. Telekom Malaysia paid US$178.8m for a 49% stake in Spice Telecom, a cellular company ranked as

seventh largest in India with about 1.8m subscribers.

Chinese mobile handset maker Haier decided to establish a mobile phone manufacturing plant inIndian. The plant is expected to be ready for production by the end of 2008.

Mauritius-based Goldman Sachs acquired a 5.39% stake in Himachal Futuristic CommunicationsLtd. and purchased 18.8m shares of Himachal Futuristic through open market purchases.

Some of the other important investment decisions taken up by the leading Indian companies or theGovernment are:

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) - fixed and mobile network expansion plans of US$3.5billions.

Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) - fixed and mobile network expansion plans ofUS$90m.

Reliance planned to invest US$4 billions in CDMA and optic fibre network. Bharti group decided to invest US$250m in Bharti Tele-Ventures Idea would invest US$1.1 billions in Idea GSM roll-out. Tata also invested 3.2 billion in expansion of CDMA fixed and mobile services in the country. In

2006, the company spent over US$214m on infrastructure, network expansion and transmission.

Indian telecom software company, Subex Systems acquired UK-based Azure Solutions by investingover US$140m in April 2006.

Revival plan initiated for the Government of India unit, Indian Telephone Industries withinvestment of US$228m.

VSNL announced its decision to acquire Direct Internet Ltd and its wholly-owned subsidiary PrimusTelecommunications India Ltd. The deal is worth around US$17m.

5.2 Foreign Investment PolicyTelecommunication

The Government of India announced a comprehensive policy for attracting private, including foreigninvestment in value added and basic services with an aim to modernise the telecommunication sector:

Foreign Direct Investment up to 74% permitted, subject to licensing and security requirements forthe following: Internet Service (with gateways) Infrastructure Providers (Category II) Radio Paging Service

FDI up to 100% permitted in respect to the following telecom services:




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ISPs not providing gateways (Both for satellite and submarine cables) Infrastructure Providers providing dark fibre (IP Category I) Electronic Mail Voice Mail

The above is subject to the following conditions: FDI up to 100% is allowed subject to the condition that such companies would divest 26% of

their equity in favour of Indian public within 5 years, if these companies are listed in other partsof the world.

The above services would be subject to licensing and security requirements, wherever required. Proposals for FDI beyond 49% shall be considered by Foreign Investment Promotion Board

(FIPB) on a case-to-case basis

In the manufacturing sector 100% FDI is permitted under the automatic route. In Basic, Cellular Mobile, paging and Value Added service, and Global Mobile Personal

Communications by Satellite, FDI is permitted up to 49% (under automatic route) subject to grant oflicense from Department of Telecommunications.

Foreign direct investment up to 74% permitted, subject to licensing and Security requirements forthe Internet Service (with gateways), Infrastructure Providers (category-II), and Radio Paging Service.

The value added services, where private, including foreign investment is encouraged:

Electronic mail Voice mail Data services Audio text services Video text services Video Conferencing6. Intellectual Property Rights

Table 3: Some of the patents filed between 2004 and 2005 Title Applicant

Heatsink Adapter Removal Tool for Ball Grid Arrays B. Srinivasan from C-DOT

Near Zero Seek Time for HDD Access Ganapathi Rao from C-DOTA Simplified Method of Making Preforms and Reballingof BGA and CSP

B. Srinivasan from C-DOT

A Method of Stencil Free Solder Paste Printing on BallGrid Arrays

Narayan Bhat; Mr B Srinivasan from C-DOT

A Novel Architecture for a Message BusBhavani Shanker; B.R. Suresh; Mr. B.N. Manjunathand team from C-DOT.

System and method for assisting in the setting up of a

telecommunication link in a telecommunication network

France Telecom; Bailleul Nicolas; Rebillon Jacques-

Olivier; Feuillet ThibautEstablishing a telecommunication link between twoterminals while tracing the telecommunication networkof the called subscriber

Teles Ag; Paetsch Frank

Telecommunication module comprising a system-dataprocessing means for executing at least onetelecommunication activity

Siemens Ag

Method of allocating radio resources intelecommunication system, and telecommunicationsystem

Nokia Corp




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Method, telecommunications system andtelecommunications handset for wireless communicationand telecommunication in a "smart home" environment

Siemens Ag; Aretz Kurt; Biedermann Rolf; Kruk Anton; Moesker Volker; Nieder Stefan; SchliwaPeter; Wedi Christoph; Van De Logt Marco

Method for the transmission of heterogeneous data in a

telecommunication switching system and atelecommunication switching system

Siemens Ag

Method and telecommunication system involvingwireless telecommunication between a mobile part and abase station for registering a mobile part

Siemens Ag; Aubauer Roland; Kamperschroer Erich;Klinke Stefano Ambrosius; Kunstmann Niels; PflaumKarl-Heinz

Street furniture for housing telecommunicationequipment, has housing to receive telecommunicationequipments and having doors on its front face, wherehousing permits to connect equipments totelecommunication and electric networks

France Telecom

Transporting data in telecommunication systemNokia Corp; Veijalainen Kari;Dhakal Basant; Jaakkola

Jukka K; Major Tamas

Interconnections in telecommunication networks Marconi UK Intellectual PropMethod of determining at least one signal,telecommunication system provided with at least onetransmitter, and telecommunication device

Mitsubishi Electric Inf Tech

Method and arrangement in a telecommunication systemEricsson Telefon Ab L M; Gerstenberger Dirk; EricssonIngela; Bergstroem Joakim; Edlund Peter

Digital telecommunication system Nokia Corp

A wireless network telecommunication system Theglobe Com; Fowler Brian

Real-time telecommunication method based on networktelecommunication terminal

Chen Hui

Monitoring telecommunication network elements Marconi Intellectual Property

An arrangement in a telecommunication system Ericsson Telefon Ab L M

Telecommunication module comprising a system-dataprocessing means for executing at least onetelecommunication activity

Schwalbach Peter

Establishing a telecommunication connection Nokia Corp

Method of operating and configuring atelecommunication system; dispatcher software foridentifying a client therein and telecommunicationapparatus containing same

Tenovis Gmbh & Co Kg

Interface device for testing telecommunication circuits Krone Inc

Method and apparatus for interconnectingtelecommunication networks

Gabai Eliyahu; Hamami Etan; Rosenfeld AharonMordechai

Arranging control signallings in telecommunicationsystemNokia Corp

Voice-over-internet telecommunication networks Ericsson Telefon Ab L M; Vikberg Jari; Nylander Tomas

Method for power ramping in a telecommunicationsystem

Ericsson Telefon Ab L M; Torsner Johan; ParkvallStefan

Enhanced telecommunication system Warner Home Video Inc

Telecommunication method in a wireless cellulartelecommunication system

Cit Alcatel

Method for establishing a telecommunication link and atelecommunication network

IP2H Ag

Method of controlling osi (iso) layer-two loops fortelecommunication networks

Diseno De Sist S En Silico Sa




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Method of requesting confidential connection fortelecommunication systems

Siemens Ag; Karimi-Cherkandi Bizhan; KouchriFarrokh-Mohammadzadeh; Promies Hendrik

Switching unit and method for a telecommunicationnetwork

Marconi Comm Gmbh

Filtre systems for broadband telecommunication facilities Tyco Electronics Raychem S AMethod and system for monitoring the health of wirelesstelecommunication networks

Res In Motion Ltd

Hierarchical caching in telecommunication networks Ericsson Telefon Ab L M

Electronic payment system through a telecommunicationnetwork

France Telecom

Method for serving a subscriber in a cellulartelecommunication network using the internet

Bouygues Telecom; Korber Nicolas

Telecommunication method and apparatus withprovisions to exceed usage limit

At & T Corp

Method for establishing a wireless telecommunicationconnection

Nokia Corp

Method for manifesting alarms in a telecommunicationnetwork

ECI Telecom Ltd

Method for telecommunication, and mobiletelecommunication device

Swisscom Mobile Ag

Telecommunication system and telecommunicationdevice for application therein

Chiptec Internat N V

Reliable telecommunication network including telephoneexchanges and databases

Telia Ab

Signal strength measurements in cellulartelecommunication systems

Ericsson Telefon Ab L M

Telecommunication network and upgrading methodtherefore

Marconi Comm Gmbh

Universal monitoring method for telecommunicationports

Nordx Cdt Inc

Method of allocating radio resources intelecommunication system

Nokia Corp

Transporting data in telecommunication system;transport de donnees dans un systeme detelecommunication

Nokia Corp

Digital telecommunication system Nokia Corp

Telecommunication network synchronisation Ericsson Telefon Ab L M

Method, device and telecommunication system forproviding a consistent set of services to a roaming user

Ericsson Telefon Ab L M




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7. Forums in India Driving Telecommunication

Name of the Forum Association of Unified Telecom Service Providers of India

Description It is the representative industry body of Unified Access Service Licensees,providing telecom services in the country with CDMA technology. Associationof Unified Telecom Service Providers of India is a registered society and worksas a non-profit organisation to deliver the promise of improved access, coverageand teledensity in India. The Association is mainly aimed at collection anddissemination of knowledge and information for promotion and healthy growthof telecom services, enunciating a telecom vision for India, fuellingunprecedented domestic investment, and improving teledensity and bringing

value for customers. Website http://www.auspi.in

Name of the Forum Cellular Operators Association of India

Description The Cellular Operators Association of India was constituted in 1995 as aregistered, non-profit, non-governmental society engaged in the advancement ofcommunication, particularly modern communication through Cellular Mobile

Telephone Services. It aims to establish and sustain a world-class cellularinfrastructure and facilitate affordable mobile communication services in India,and to protect the common and collective interests of its members.

Website www.coai.in

Name of the Forum Internet Service Providers Association of IndiaDescription ISPAI was set up in 1998 with a mission to promote internet and broadband in

every corner of the country. ISPAI works closely with DoT, DIT, TRAI andIndustry Associations such as FICCI, CII and Assocham to take up and resolve

various issues that affect implementation of the ISP's projects. ISPAI played avital role in privatisation of International gateways within the laid down securityconstraints. ISPAI is represented on the National Telecom Committees ofFICCI, CII and Assocham.

Website www.ispai.in

Name of the Forum Manufacturers Association of Information TechnologyDescription Manufacturers Association of Information Technology (MAIT), established in

1982 for purposes of scientific, educational and IT industry promotion,emerged as an effective, influential and dynamic organisation. Representingactively Hardware, Training, Design/R&D and the associated services sectors

of the Indian IT Industry, MAITs charter is to develop a globally competitiveIndian IT Industry, promote the usage of IT in India, and strengthen the role ofIT in national economic development and promote business throughinternational alliances. The organisation's special focus is on domestic marketdevelopment and attracting foreign investment in the Indian IT Industry.

MAIT is represented on all concerned Government of India forums and worksin close association with the Department of IT, Ministry of Communications &IT, Ministry of Commerce & Industry, DGFT, Ministry of Finance, BIS, ESC,NIC, STQC, CII, TEMA, ELCINA and CETMA for the advancement of theIT Industry in India.

Website www.mait.com




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Name of the Forum Mobile Trunk Radio Operators AssociationDescription Apex body of the mobile trunk radio operators in India.

Website -

Name of the Forum Telecom Equipment Manufacturers Association of IndiaDescription Telecom Equipment Manufacturers Association of India (TEMA), which was

established in 1990, spans more than 90% of telecom equipment manufacturersas well as components and cables manufacturers. In addition, many cellular andpaging service operators and a large number of public and private sector unitsas well as multinational companies are also members of TEMA. TEMA playsan active role in dissemination and exchange of information from theGovernment, foreign agencies, embassies, trade missions, Indian missionsabroad and leading international trade associations. TEMA also closely interactsand exchanges information of mutual interest with international organisations

like ITU, PTC, AEU, TIA (USA), TIA (Korea), and ATIA (Australia) andGAIA (Spain). International co-operation projects on the exchange ofinformation about Telecom Industry Development are on the anvil. TEMA isin an advanced stage of forging co-operation with similar Telecom Associationsin China and Korea.

Website www.tfci.com

Name of the Forum Telecom Industry Service AssociationDescription The Telecom Users Group of India (TUGI) is a membership-based

organisation of communications users. It is a non-profit, non-governmentorganisation, established with an aim to take up concerns and complaints of the

users and also to influence the policy makers. TUGI also provides a forum fordiscussion on use of various communications facilities and services, which areavailable, in the country.

Website http://www.ptc.org/FORA/tugi.html

Name of the Forum VSAT Service Providers Association of India (VSPA)Description VSPA, formed in 1998, acts as a central coordinating body representing VSAT

Service organisations in India and its associate members from among thesatellite communications industry in India and abroad. VSPA is also a foundermember of the Global VSAT Forum (GVF), an association with over 80members from satellite industry and organisations across the world.

Website http://www.gvf.org/gvf/india/




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8. Forums Operating Outside India

Name of the Forum Telecommunications Industry AssociationDescription It is a US-headquartered trade association, providing services to the

communications and IT industry by developing markets, hosting trade shows,lobbying at the domestic and international levels, and creating standards andenabling e-business. Through its global activities, the association facilitatesbusiness development opportunities and a competitive market environment.

The membership of the TIA includes companies from Taiwan, Switzerland,Canada, China and Australia among many others.

Website http://www.tiaonline.org/index.cfm

Name of the Forum International Telecommunication UnionDescription Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, International Telecommunication

Union (ITU) is an international organisation within the United Nations System

where governments and the private sector coordinate global telecom networksand services. The ITU is also a publisher of telecommunication technology,regulatory and standards information. Many publications could be purchasedthrough their Electronic Bookshop or the ITU Publications Onlinesubscription service.

Website http://www.itu.int

Name of the Forum Alliance for Telecommunications Industry SolutionsDescription Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS) is a US-based

international organisation committed to rapidly develop and promote technicaland operations standards for the communications and related IT industry

worldwide. ATIS operates over 1,100 industry professionals from more than350 communications companies. ATIS develops standards and solutionsaddressing a wide range of industry issues in a manner that allocates andcoordinates industry resources and produces the greatest return forcommunications companies.

Website http://www.atis.org

Name of the Forum Avema Global AllianceDescription The Avema Global Alliance is a seamless network of specialised telecom

consulting and service forum, providing support to multinational corporations.It helps companies to reduce and manage data, wireless, and voice costs. Largecompanies could turn to a single local supplier and benefit from the strongregional and niche expertise of all the alliance members

Website http://www.avemaglobal.com

Name of the Forum Global Billing AssociationDescription The GBA, based in Scotland, helps operators develop and maintain the billing

process (from Order Entry, through Mediation, Rating, Billing, Payments andCollections). The maintenance of the process is the focus of the Revenue

Assurance and Fraud, and the Benchmarking Initiatives. The development ofthe process, specifically the impact of new, primarily IP based services, is thedriver for other Initiatives such as Fixed Mobile Convergence, Multi-Play, and

VoIP.

Website http://www.globalbilling.org/




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Name of the Forum QuEST ForumDescription QuEST Forum, established in 1998, pursued the goal of global

telecommunications quality and industry-wide performance excellence. QuESTForum, through the implementation of a common set of quality requirements,the collaborative activities of its global workgroups, an emphasis on industrysbest practices, and the delivery of a leading-edge measurement system, advances

the quality, reliability, and performance of telecom products and servicesaround the world.

Website www.questforum.org

Name of the Forum International Inbound Services ForumDescription The Forum is established to promote and aid the development of international

inbound services, such as the International Toll-Free Service, the International

Shared-Cost Service, the International Premium Rate Service and the HomeCountry Direct Service (as defined by the ITU-T), and to develop and expandthe market and use of these services.

Website http://www.iis-forum.com/

Name of the Forum Commonwealth Telecommunications OrganisationDescription The Commonwealth Telecommunications Organisation (CTO) is an

international development partnership between Commonwealth and non-Commonwealth governments, business and civil society organisations. CTOprovides the international community with effective means to help bridge thedigital divide and achieve social and economic development, by delivering todeveloping countries unique knowledge-sharing programmes in the use ofinformation and communication technologies in the specific areas oftelecommunications, IT, broadcasting and the Internet.

Website www.cto.int




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9. Foreign Collaborations9.1 Business Collaborations and Deals

The following is an overview of the major collaboration and alliances in the field of Indian

telecommunication finalised during the year 2006: Tadiran Telecom in joint venture with BPL Telecom: In March 2005, Israel-based Tadiran

Telecom tied up with BPL Telecom for marketing and distribution of IP-based products. Tadiran hasplans of entering into a joint venture with BPL Telecom to set up manufacturing and R&D facility inthe country in the future.

Bharti enters into contract with Ericsson: In August 2006, Indian mobile service provider BhartiAirtel gave an order worth US$1 billion to Ericsson for expanding and upgrading Bhartis network inthe Indian market. The contract would last for around three years and during this period, Ericsson

would design, develop and deploy Bhartis network.

Airtel-Microsoft collaboration: Airtel is collaborating with Microsoft to offer Airtel customers inthe country, the ability to access host of Microsoft Office applications and other multimediaproducts on their mobile phones. Users with mobile device powered by Microsoft Windows Mobile

5.0 would now be able to access MS Office applications like Outlook, Word, Excel, PowerPoint andInternet Explorer.

Star TV collaborates with Dish TV: Star Group collaborated with Zee-owned Dish TV, the firstprivate direct-to-home service provider in India. Dish TV started broadcasting channels from theStar Group, which include STAR Movies, STAR Plus, National Geographic and History Channel.

Bharti and IBM in US$100m deal: Bharti Airtel decided in August 2006 to invest US$100m to deliverIndias first Service Delivery Platform in collaboration with US-based tech IBM. The new project

would enable Bharti to deliver a suite of new services to its over 25m customers.

Reliance Communications and Deutsche Telekom AG into bandwidth contract: RelianceCommunications bagged an important contract from Deutsche Telekom AG for bandwidth,overcoming the competing bids from Global Crossing (owned by SingTel), Apollo (Cable and

Wireless) and Indian firm VSNL. The value of the contract is not disclosed yet. But it is believed tobe in millions of dollars. Reliance won the bid through their wholly-owned subsidiary, Flag Telecom.

Reliance-Intel Collaboration: Reliance Communications and Intel are collaborating to provideinstant and uninterrupted internet connectivity in the smaller cities in India with a lot of businesspotential. The two companies would benefit from each others network already available in theregion. For the start, Reliance would be purchasing systems from genuine Intel dealers (GIDS) in 11cities/towns of Karnataka and offer them with Reliance wireless products to enable people to accessinternet.

Aircel-Roamware Collaboration: Aircel Cellular is collaborating with California-based Roamwareto use Roamwares short codes and smart call assistance and provide advanced roaming services totheir customers.

Airtel-Disney Collaboration: Airtel collaborated with entertainment giants Disney to providemobile content for their consumers in the Indian market. Airtel customers would be able to getDisney images, animations, videos, ringtones, and games.

ICICI and Airtel collaborate for M-cheque cashless transaction facility: The two companies areproviding a facility called M-Cheque, which would facilitate cashless transactions. Consumers wouldjust be required to have an Airtel connection with a SIM card with 32K capacity.

RCoVL- F-Secure Corporation collaboration: Finland-based F-Secure Corporation entered into acollaborative deal with Indian telecom provider Reliance Communication Ventures Ltd (RCoVL). Asper the deal, F-Secure would provide the company a range of security applications for their internetservices.

Nokia into collaboration with Hutch-Essar: Nokia reached a five-year managed servicesagreement to run Hutchison Essars network operations in nine circles in Gujarat, Karnataka,

Andhra Pradesh, Chennai, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana and West Bengal.




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R&D partnership models in telecom

Short-term and long term partnerships Direct turnkey solutions Joint ventures Co-branding Collaborative R&D Transfer of Technology Application Service Provisioning Joint bids against tenders Sponsored development for specific requirements Consultancy for future proof network, solutions

and network services.

BSNL Oxigen India collaboration for prepaid services: BSNL collaborated with Oxigen IndiaPrepaid Services to offer the prepaid BSNL mobile connection users added options for easyrecharge.

9.2 Research CollaborationsIn India, C-DOT is the government research body responsible for technological innovations intelecommunications. The various ongoing collaborative research projects in C-DOT are:

Vanu Inc, USA and C-DOT for jointdevelopment of Software Radio BaseStations, initially with GSM and later

with CDMA functionality.

Communications Research Centre,Canada and C-DOT for jointdevelopment of fixed wirelessBroadband Access System.

Wavesat Inc, Canada and C-DOT tojointly work on Rural Wireless andBroadband Access for licensing ofOFDM-based broadband componenttechnology for building fixed wirelessBroadband Access Systems.

Alcatel, France and C-DOT to set up ajoint global research centre for development of Mobile Broadband Wireless Access.

Along with BSNL and MTNL, C-DOT is to work on a project on Network Management Systems(Local, TAX and GSM) for Commercial deployment of C-DOT NMS solution including Local, TAXand GSM functions in the BSNL and MTNL networks.

Ministry of Information Technology and Massachusetts Institute of Technology established MediaLab Asia for conducting research in state-of-the-art technologies in the area of information andcommunication technologies.

10. Achievements

10.1 Research and Development Achievements

Following is the list of the major research achievements in India:

Table 4: Various research organisations and their success till date

Organisation

Technology

developed Highlight

Telecommunications andComputerNetwork(TeNeT)

corDECTWLL

The first access product developed, which consists of a subscriber unitcalled Wallset with Internet port (WS-IP), is located at subscriberspremises. The system is outfitted with a standard (RJ-11) interface for atelephone and a serial port to connect a PC (without use of a telephonemodem). The system provides Internet at 35/70kbps and simultaneoustelephone conversation. The WS-IP is connected to a Base Station(CBS) on wireless and the base station is connected to an Access Unit

which consists of a DECT.




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OrganisationTechnology

developedHighlight

DIAS

Direct Internet Access System (DIAS) consists of a Basic Rate DigitalSubscriber Unit (BDSU) or Highbit rate Digital Subscriber Unit

(HDSU) at subscribers premises. The BDSU connects a telephone andprovides an Ethernet interface for one or more computers. It isconnected to an Access Unit referred to as Internet Access Unit (IAN)using twisted pair copper wires. Typical distance is 800m, though 5km itis possible to use it a distance using 0.4mm twisted copper pair. Theservice provided is 144 kbps always-on Internet Access, the rate of

which is dropped down to 80kbps when the telephone is used.

Access CentreAccess product designed by the TeNeT group, is a simple POTS lineconnected to an Access Unit called Versatile Remote Unit (VRU)located on a street corner.

Fibre in theLoop

A fibre drop-and-insert backhaul system that connects multiple AccessCentres (discussed in the previous section and located on street

corners), together using a PDH or a SDH ring network. The Voice andInternet traffic from each AC are taken to a central location in the cityand handed over to the telecom switches and Internet Routersrespectively. Alternatively, if the AC is located in remote locations,

where fibre may not be available, a point-to-point microwave radio(2GHz/ 7GHz / 11GHz / 13GHz or 17GHz) could be used to bringboth the voice and Internet traffic to a town.

NetworkManagement

System

TeNeT group introduced an integrated network management system(CygNeT) to manage all these products as well as other telecom andnetwork products. Integrating SNMP and TMN, the CygNeT managestraffic, configuration and health and enables a multi-tier operation.

Telecommunications and

ComputerNetwork(TeNeT)

CITIUS

Citius is an innovative and standards based triple-play solution, which

uses DOCSIS for providing downlink internet on CATV cable and BB-corDECT for providing uplink Internet on wireless. The uplink anddownlink are seamlessly integrated by the Indoor Unit (Head-endequipment) of CITIUS. It uses standard Ethernet (IP) interface forconnectivity to the Internet Service Providers (ISPs) & for IP-based

video-services and E1 (R2/V5/SS7) interface to the Telecom operatorsHigh Speed

Optical Fibrebased

NetworkSystems

High speed, Broadband Network employing Synchronous Digitalhierarchy equipments, Primary Digital Multiplexing, Servers, Nodes,Routers, Switches, Network Management System on Optical fibre isrealised based on specific Customer requirements. Telecom Divisionboasts the required expertise, to design, execute and maintain largenetworking projects with data transfer capability up to 620 mbps /2.5

GBPS.

ElectronicsCorporationof India Ltd

IntegratedSecuritySystems

Integrated Security System is developed to meet the requirement ofstrategic installations and organisations. The system employs diversehardware such as Servers, Nodes, Access control devices, Smart cards,RF ID, Bio Metric Cards and Palm readers and standard OperatingSystems. Application software is developed based on the specificrequirement of the customer. The system could be operated in real timeand fault tolerant mode with no margin for error. Very few countries inthe world encompass the required expertise to develop systems of thecomplexity.




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developedHighlight

EncryptionModule-

ABHAY fortwo RFRadios

Encryption Module ABHAY is a plug in Module fitted insideVHF/UHF wireless Radio set and meets the interface specifications of

PROIS (Professional Radio Option board Interface Specification). Byusing the add-on module, the radio transmits an encrypted analog signalthat is indecipherable to even sophisticated eaves droppers. The Moduleuses digital speech coding to low bit rate and features fully digitalencryption of this coded speech. A modem is used to convert the digitaldata to an analog signal to be given to a Radio base band. In the reversedirection, the radio section of the Unit receives an encrypted base bandsignal after demodulation. Through application of high level digitalencryption to analog Radios, the security features achieved are almoston par with high end Digital Radios.

BulkEncryption

Unit

ECILs bulk encryption provides secure data transmission over point topoint data links. The system is designed to implement stream cipher

encryption algorithm with a crack resistivity of one year. The mainfeatures of the product are point to point full duplex synchronousoperation, can be used for protecting E1 streams (2.048 mbps).

MessageSwitchingSystems

The systems were based on Innovative Redundancy Concepts requiredfor Strategic Applications providing high availability and reliability ofsystem for 24X7 operations with features such as Fault Tolerance, and

Automatic Rerouting of Messages. Notable among the MessagingNetwork Solutions delivered by ECIL are the Countrywide TelegraphNetwork for the Department of Telecommunications and the StrategicMessage Switching Network for the Indian Army and the Indian Airforce and also Civil departments.

TelephoneSwitchingSystem SparesServices

System spares and services for the entire range of telephone switchesnamely, RAX, MAX and MAX-XL based on CDOT technologies.

TCD enjoys the expertise to provide Maintenance support for all typesof Switching equipments

Passive GSMinterceptionSystem(EC PGSM 16)

Passive GSM interception and monitoring system is used to intercept,analyse and record traffic in air interface of public land Mobile Networksystems. The 16 channel PGSM interception system EC PGSM 16,consists of one laptop, one small receiver unit, two omni directorialantennae and a directional antenna. The system could identify the caller/ called subscriber in terms of IMSI, TMSI, IMEI, class Mark andMSISDN. Facility is available for adding a s/w module for handling of

A5/2 Encryption

ElectronicsCorporation

of India Ltd

InternetMonitoringSystems EAGLE LEA

EAGLE Internet Monitoring System is an advanced Internetmonitoring system based on proprietary traffic decoding and patternmatching technology. A packaged product comprising software andhardware, the system would capture Internet traffic flowing to or froma given ISP location. The target traffic could be intercepted based onkey words, email Ids, chat Ids, ISP user ID, IP address, and telephonenumbers and websites. The sensor part of the system is located at ISPand Monitoring part is located at law enforcing agency premises.




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developedHighlight

ElectronicsCorporation

of India Ltd

SecuritySystems

SURAKSHA

Suraksha is an all-in-one wireless security system that combines highsecurity, ease of use and has unique consumer features. The security

system could protect isolated / unmanned installations or businessestablishments where it is difficult to run wires for hardwire security. Ina burglary emergency, the system would automatically seize the phoneline and dial the predetermined numbers

Centre forDevelopmentof AdvancedComputing(C-DAC),Bangalore

Digital mobileradiotechnologybased on

TETRAstandard

The solution covers technology for the TETRA terminal equipmentand infrastructure. TETRA offers fast call set-up time, excellent groupcommunication support, direct mode operation between radios, packetdata and circuit data transfer services, frequency economy, and excellentsecurity features.

D-View -Indigenous

Digital SetTop Box

D-View is a Digital Set Top Box in compliance with MPEG 2/DVBstandards enabling the viewers to access wide range of services such as

Digital Transmission, Web-browsing using any of the front endNetwork interface modules of Satellite, and Terrestrial or Cable. Thebroadcasters, through the multi system operators (MSO) transmit the

TV signals and are increasingly demanding their viewers to pay for theservices and hence transmit scrambled signals.

C-DAC,Noida

TeleTVcamera andelectronicmodule

Indigenously developed by C-DAC under a project by Ministry ofInformation Technology, Government of India.

In addition to this, C-DOT, which is responsible for developing state-of-the-art telecommunicationtechnology to meet the needs of the Indian telecommunication network, made significant contribution in

this regard. Some of the technologies developed by C-DOT are as follows:

Table5: Achievements of C-DOT till date Technology Application

Medium capacity Main Automatic ExchangesNarrowband switching system

Large capacity Main Automatic Exchanges

Small capacity switch (with V5.2)

Digital Loop Carrier System

Subscriber Loops on Optical Carrier

Wired Access Network Products

Fibre-To-The Building / Curb (on Passive Optical Network)

Service Control PointIntelligent Network System

Service Management Point

ATM Multiplexer

Line Termination Unit

Broadband Switching (BISDN)Products

Network Management System




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Motorola India is into serious R&D activities in its labs in Bangalore and Hyderabad. The R&D unit of

Motorola in India is called Global Software Group-India. Some of the recent R&D achievements of theIndian R&D team are as follows:

Integrated MSC, VLR, AuC, EIR

Home Location Register

Messaging System: SMSC, VMS, ESME

Operations Support System (OSS)

Billing Centre

GSM Cellular Mobile CommunicationProducts

Customer Care

SDH Add-Drop Multiplexer

2/34 Optical Multiplexer

Optical Communication Products

34 Mbps Optical Line Terminal

Intermediate Data Rate VSAT in C Band

INSAT MSS in CxS Band

Satellite Communication Products

Distance Management System

Trunk Exchange Management SystemNetwork Management System

Subscriber Management System

Small capacity Access NetworkRural Telecom Products

TDMA Point-to-Multi-Point Radio SystemVOIP Switch Media Gateway, Controller, Signalling Gateway and

Gatekeeper

HDSL ModemCustomer Premises Equipment

Top of Form ISDN CPEs




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Trends in Telephone Subscribers

and tele denisity in India on

Quarterly basis

500

600

700

800

900

Mar-10 Jun-10 Sep-10 Dec-10 Mar-11

inm

50

60

70

80

density

Subscriber Base (LHS)

Teledensity (RHS)

Trends in Internet/Broadband

subscription

10.99

11.89

7.7 7.79

10.31

9.47

8.77

7.597.257.41

7

10

13

Mar-10 10-Jun 10-Sep 10-Dec 11-Mar

SubscriberBase(mn) Broadband(>=256 Kbps)

Narrowband(


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Table 6: Achievements of Global Software Group-India (R&D unit of Motorola India)

Technology Achievement

Software and features for over 25 new phones (GSM, CDMA and 3G) in 2005,

Contributions to Iconic products like RazR, PEBL, Q phone (Smartphone),SLVR series by

GSG India:

Contributions to Motorolas 3G cell phones for Europe

Application Framework and System Software Architecture

Mobile Phone

Software

Design, Implementation, Build, Integration and Test

Among the first to develop Rich Voice Call (Video Share or See What I See)

Proprietary algorithms to reduce complexity, enhance video quality in wirelessenvironment

MultimediaCommunications

Complete software designs for handheld audio and video player systems

Nearly every Motorola GSM handset shipped has a GSM/GPRS signaling stack

developed by MotorolaIndia

The R&D Test Center in Hyderabad contributed to over 200 Conformance testsin collaboration with the

Signaling Stacks

global standards body - ETSI.

Browsers andMessaging

Motorola Internet Browser and Multimedia messaging system on 3G and GSMphones was conceived,

GSG contributions to Bluetooth protocol and profile design key to severalsuccessful Motorola products,

including the BLNC 1000 Car Kit.

Connectivity andBluetooth

Device Management & Over the Air (FOTA) features developed and integrated

across products.Digital video solutions lab for testing advanced video applications for home.

Design & development of most radio access sub systems: mobility management,access

nodes, trans-coding & bearer processing & test tools.

Development of next generation converged architecture.

Development of high speed access point (HSAP) system.

Modeling & network analysis tools for complex networks, evaluation of emergingtechnologies

and network processor based architectures

Development and test of software features for high availability platforms in the

WirelessBroadband and WiMAX space

Design and development of the middleware for a service delivery platform

Successfully developed & deployed an Over The Air provisioning product forCDMA phones

for CDMA operators in India

InfrastructureSoftware

Ownership of software for BSR6400 and BSR2000 broadband cable routers

Complete development of VoIP client solution including SIP (Session InitiationProtocol) stack

Contributing to standards development of the UMA protocols

Seamless MobilityResearch

Testing UMA based WiFi solution with operators




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Service Provider markert share as

on Apr 2011

Vodafone,

16.56%

BSNL,

11.13%

Reliance,

16.77%

Bharti,

19.91%

Idea,

11.12%

Other,

23.64%

Tata,

10.93%

Aircel,

6.77%

Uninor,

2.93%

Videocon,

0.88%

sistema,

1.29%

MTNL,

0.66%

HFCL,

0.18%

Source: Press release, TRAI

Market Share in Wireline Segment

as on Apr 2011

Tata,

3.74%

Reliance,

3.58%

MTNL,

10.01%

Bharti,

9.57%

BSNL,

72.43%


Mobile Number Portability requests increased from 64.23 lakh subscribers at the end of March 2011 to85.41 lakh subscribers at the end of April 2011. An active wireless subscriber in VLR in April- 2011 is583.22m. Broadband subscription reachesto 12.01m in April-2011 from 11.87m inMarch-2011.

Wireless Segment (GSM, CDMA &FWP)Private operators hold 88.21% of the

wireless market share where as BSNL andMTNL, two PSU operators hold only

11.79% market share.

Total Wireless subscriber base increasedfrom 811.59m in March 2011 to 826.93mat the end of April 2011, registering agrowth of 1.89%. The share of UrbanSubscriber marginally decreased to 66.20%from 66.30% where as share of RuralSubscribers marginally increased from33.70% to 33.80%. The overall wireless

Tele-density in India reaches 69.19.

Wireless subscription in Urban Areasincreased from 538.05 million in March2011 to 547.42 million at the end of April2011. Rural subscription increased from273.54 million to 279.51 million. Thisshows higher growth in Rural Subscription(2.18%) than Urban Subscription (1.74%).

The Urban wireless teledensity increasedfrom 150.06 to 152.41 and Ruralteledensity increased from 32.75 to 33.44.

Highlights of Telecom Subscription Data as on 30th April 2011Particulars Wireless Wireline Total

Total Sunscribers 826.93 34.55 861.48 Total Net Addition 15.34 -0.18 15.17% of Monthly Growth 1.89% -0.51% 1.79%

Urban Subscribers 547.42 25.94 573.36Urban Subscribers Net Addition 9.38 -0.09 9.28% of Monthly Growth 1.74% -0.36% 1.65%Rural Subscribers 279.51 8.61 288.12Rural Subscribers Net Addition 5.97 -0.08 5.88% of Monthly Growth 2.18% -0.94% 2.09%

Teledensity 69.19 2.89 72.08Urban Teledensity 152.41 7.22 159.63Rural Teledensity 33.44 1.03 34.47Share of Urban Subscriber 66.20% 75.08% 66.56%Share of Rural Subscriber 33.80% 24.92% 33.44%





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Com position of Telephone

subscribes

Urban

Wireless,

63.57%

Rural

wireless,

32.32%

Urban

wireline,

3.08%

RuralWireline,

1.03%


Composition of Gross Revenue

Access

Services,74.87%

NLD,

16.12%

ILD,

5.47%

Others,

3.54%


Wireline Segment

Wireline subscriber base declined from 34.73m in March 2011 to 34.55m at the end of April 2011. Theshare of Urban Subscriber went up from 74.97% to 75.08% where as share of Rural Subscribers came

down to 24.92% from 25.03%. The overall wireline Tele-density in India declines to2.89% with urban and rural teledensity being7.22% and 1.03% respectively. BSNL andMTNL, two PSU operators hold 82.44% ofthe Wireline market share.

Composition of Telephone Subscribers

About 61.96% of the total net additions are inurban areas as compared to 63.17% in theprevious quarter. Rural subscription recordeda decline in rate of growth during the quarter.It declined from 9.98 % in Dec-10 to 8.65%in QE Mar-11. Rate of growth for urbansubscription also declined from 8.30% in QEDec-10 to 6.93% in QE Mar-11.

Composition of Gross Revenue

Access services contributed 74.87% of thetotal revenue of telecom services. In Accessservices GR, AGR, License Fee & Spectrum

charges increased by 2.91%, 1.08%, 0.45% &5.52% respectively in the quarter ending Mar-11 vis--vis previous quarter.Average Revenueper User (ARPU) for Access Services based on

AGR declined from `107 in QE Dec-10 to`100 in QE Mar-11.




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Telecom Sector and the 11th Five YearPlan (2007-12)

The Planning Commission constituted a Working Group on the Telecom Sector inits way towards the 11th Five Year Plan(2007-12) with the following subgroups:

Network Expansion Broadband Telecom Equipment Manufacturing Technology and R&D Taxes/Levies in Telecom Sector

11. Indias Focus

11.1 Government Set-up

Government of India operates a very active network of authorities entrusted with the responsibility offurther developing the telecommunication sector. Following is the schematic representation of thegovernment machinery in India:

11.2 Government InitiativesThe Government of India launched an ambitious plan to strengthen and make the telecommunicationssector on par with the leading countries in the world. According to the New Telecom Policy drawn bythe Government in 1999, the major targets are:

Encourage development of telecommunicationfacilities in remote, hilly and tribal areas of thecountry

Create a modern and efficient telecommunicationsinfrastructure taking into account the convergenceof IT, media, telecom and consumer electronicsand thereby propel India into becoming an IT

superpower Convert PCO's, wherever justified, into Public

Teleinfo centres with multimedia capability suchas ISDN services, remote database access,government and community information systems

Transform in a time bound manner, thetelecommunications sector to a more competitive environment in both urban and rural areas,providing equal opportunities and level-playing field for all players

Strengthen R&D efforts in the country and provide an impetus to build world-class manufacturingcapabilities

Achieve efficiency and transparency in spectrum management

Ministry of Communication andInformation Technology

Department of

Telecommunication

Telecom Regulatory Authority of India

Research Product Services Others

Fi ure 3: Telecommunication setu in India




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Indias Broadband Policy, 2004 at a glace

1.Technology Options for Broadband ServicesOptical Fibre TechnologiesDigital Subscriber Lines on copper loopCable TV NetworkSatellite MediaTerrestrial WirelessOther Future Technologies

2.Quality of Service (QoS)QoS parameters are considered to be extremely important and boast an impact on investment androll-out decisions of operators. TRAI would prescribe QoS parameters for provisioning of broadbandservice using various access technologies.

3.Simplification of SACFA/WPC clearanceThe VSAT operators could start the installation process for VSAT terminals after a period of onemonth of submitting all relevant documents and subsequent clearance by SACFA / WPC clearance

wherever the total height of such installation is less than 5 metres above the rooftop of an authorisedbuilding. No SACFA / WPC clearance required for Receive Only VSAT terminals and DTH withReceive Only Internet.

In line with the objectives, the country set the following targets in different service areas:

Government aiming at 'One India Call' rate: Under the proposed rate, costs to be made independentof distance. Calling up somebody who is 600km away would cost the same as connecting to a person1,800km away.

Addition of about 100m phones by December 2007 (total 250m phones by December 2007). Project for release of 45MHz spectrum from Defence for growth of mobile services are launched.

The additional spectrum is likely to be made available in the beginning of the year 2007.

Project for sharing of infrastructure by mobile operators is launched in Delhi and Mumbai. Providing of Village Public Telephone (VPTs) in 66,822 unconnected villages as a component of the

Bharat Nirman programme.

46,253 Rural Community Phones to be provided in villages with population exceeding 2,000 andwithout a public phone facility other than a VPT.

Agreements signed for providing Rural household Lines (RDELs) in 1,685 commercially unviableShort Distance Charging Areas

Modalities for sharing of infrastructure for increasing rural mobile penetration are in advance stage offinalisation.

To facilitate speedy rural penetration, entry handsets with a price-tag of Rs1,700 are launched. Planning to provide mobile coverage in villages with population more than 5,000 by September 2006,

a snapshot report on telecommunication technology in india

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