A

Project Report

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of

POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN MANAGEMENT- ABM

SUBMITTED BY

D.VENKATA RAMANA

F14030

UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF

External supervisor Mr.K.Sudhakar Reddy

BMD Lead – AP at Sumitomo Chemicals India Pvt. Ltd. & Zonal Manager (Marketing & Development)-South India

at New chemi industries ltd.

Internal supervisor Prof.G .Anil Kumar

Food and Agri Business School

Hyderabad - 501503.

2014-16

A study on Identification of potential Citrus

growers in Nalgonda district (Telangana)

DECLARATION

This is to declare that I Mr.DHARMARAJULA VENKATA

RAMANA student of Post Graduate Diploma in management

( ABM) 2014-2016 batch, Food and Agri Business School, Hyderabad

have given original and authentic data, information and maintained full

confidentiality to the best of my knowledge in the project report

titled “A study on Identification of potential Citrus growers in

Nalgonda district (Telangana ) ” and that, no part of this information

has been used for any other assignment but for the partial fulfillment of

the requirements towards the completion of the said course.

NAME OF THE STUDENT SIGNATURE OF THE STUDENT

Food and Agri Business School

Hyderabad - 501503.

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project report of the industry internship

in promotion of market entitled A study on Identification of potential

Citrus growers in Nalgonda district (Telangana) done at Sumitomo

Chemicals India Pvt.Ltd. being submitted by Mr. DHARMARAJULA

VENKATARAMANA bearing Roll No F14030 in partial fulfilment for

the award of the degree in Post Graduate Diploma in Management-

ABM, from Faculty of Management, Food and Agri Business School,

Chevella, R.R (Dist) Telangana state .

FACULTY GUIDE Director

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. DHARMARAJULA VENKATA

RAMANA a bonafied student of Post Graduate Diploma in

Management (Agri Business Management ) 2014-2016 batch, Food

and Agri Business School, Chevella worked as a trainee in our

organization Sumitomo Chemicals India Pvt. Ltd. from the period

(May5th – June20th, 2015). He has successfully completed his Final

project titled A study on Identification of potential Citrus growers in

Nalgonda district (Telangana) towards the partial fulfillment of his

requirements for the course.

I wish him all success in future.

Sanjeev Seth

HR Lead -CPD Sumitomo Chemicals India Pvt. Ltd

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

With deep sense of gratitude, I wish to express my sincere thanks to the

management of Sumitomo Chemicals India Pvt.Ltd Specially Mr .Sanjeev

Seth( H.R), Mr.K.Sudhakar Reddy (BMD Lead AP), and Mr. P. Ravi Kumar

BDM, Who gave me an opportunity to work with this esteemed company as

a summer trainee, which has been a pleasant and learning experience for me.

It is by the divine blessings of my parents that I could complete my project

work successfully. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my

parents , for their support , encouragement , understanding ,love and

Scarifies they made so that I could finish my studies .

I am happy about the way this project went on and feel a sense of

achievement now that it has been completed successfully. The project not

only helped me to understand much about the current status of rural markets

and the purchase and consumption behavior of the farmers. It widened my

vision in general management too, by virtue of being associated with an

excellent and professional organization.

This summer project would not have started and much less completed

without the encouragement and support of many people, most notably the

officials of Sumitomo Chemicals India Pvt. Ltd and all those good and kind

hearted persons I met during this period.

Thanks also go to Prof. G. Anil Kumar for his guidance, and Dr.C.Naga

Sivanand (Director of FABS ) ,Dr .Geeta (Mentor), Mr.Murali Prasad

(Placement officer) and Prof.Rama krishna which has been there with me

and thanks to all the Food and Agri Business School faculty and staff.

Regards

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NAME OF THE TOPIC

Page Number

Certificates

Declaration

Acknowledgement

Executive Summary

I Introduction 01

Industry Profile 05

Company Profile 10

II Objectives of the study 14

Need of the study 15

Scope of the study 16

Limitations of the study 17

III Research Methodology 18

IV Data analysis and Interpretation 21

V Findings 38

Suggestions 40

Conclusion 41

VI Bibliography 42

Webliography 42

Annexure 43

Introduction

Agriculture is the cultivation of animals, plants, fungi, and other life

forms for food, fiber, bio fuel, medicinal and other products used to sustain and enhance human

life. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby

farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that nurtured the development

of civilization. The study of agriculture is known as agricultural science. The history of

agriculture dates back thousands of years, and its development has been driven and defined by

greatly different climates, cultures, and technologies. However, all farming generally relies on

techniques to expand and maintain the lands that are suitable for raising domesticated species.

For plants, this usually requires some form of irrigation, although there are methods of dry land

farming. Livestock are raised in a combination of grassland-based and landless systems, in an

industry that covers almost one-third of the world's ice- and water-free area. In the developed

world, industrial agriculture based on large-scale monoculture has become the dominant system

of modern farming, although there is growing support for sustainable agriculture,

including permaculture and organic agriculture.

Until the Industrial Revolution, the vast majority of the human population labored in

agriculture. Pre-industrial agriculture was typically subsistence agriculture/self-sufficiency in

which farmers raised most of their crops for their own consumption instead of cash crops for

trade. A remarkable shift in agricultural practices has occurred over the past century in response

to new technologies and the development of world markets. This also has led to technological

improvements in agricultural techniques such as the Haber-Boschmethod for

synthesizing ammonium nitrate which made the traditional practice of

recycling nutrients with crop rotation and animal manure less important.

Modern agronomy, plant breeding, agrochemicals such as pesticides and fertilizers, and

technological improvements have sharply increased yields from cultivation, but at the same time

have caused widespread ecological damage and negative human health effects. Selective

breeding and modern practices in animal husbandry have similarly increased the output of meat,

but have raised concerns about animal welfare and the health effects of the antibiotics, growth

hormones, and other chemicals commonly used in industrial meat production. Genetically

modified organisms are an increasing component of agriculture, although they are banned in

several countries. Agricultural food production and water management are increasingly

becoming global issues that are fostering debate on a number of fronts. Significant degradation

of land and water resources, including the depletion of aquifers, has been observed in recent

decades, and the effects of global warming on agriculture and of agriculture on global warming

are still not fully understood.

The major agricultural products can be broadly grouped into foods, fibers, fuels, and raw

materials. Specific foods include cereals(grains), vegetables, fruits, oils, meats and spices. Fibers

include cotton, wool, hemp, silk and flax. Raw materials include lumber and bamboo. Other

useful materials are produced by plants, such as resins, dyes, drugs, perfumes, bio fuels and

ornamental products such as cut flowers and nursery plants. Over one third of the world's

workers are employed in agriculture, second only to the services' sector, although the

percentages of agricultural workers in developed countries has decreased significantly over the

past several centuries.

Introduction to citrus crop

Citrus industry of India is witnessing manifold challenges due to vagaries

of climate, depleting land and water resources, unavailability of quality planting material, lack of

post-harvest and marketing infrastructure. This distinctive growth of citrus industry will have to

be inclusive of participation of all the stakeholders. Citrus production in the country is 8.7

million tons at present with world ranking at sixth position after China, Brazil, USA, Spain and

Mexico. It is expected that demand for citrus fruits would be to the tune of 12.6 million tons by

2030 with per capita citrus fruit availability of 8.5 kg per annum for anticipated population of

1500 million by that time. The above projected increase of 4 million tonnes in production during

next two decades could be achieved by facilitating accelerated dissemination of newer

technologies, better public-private-partnership in supply chain management and infrastructural

support to processing.

Globally, India ranks fourth in terms of production but in terms of productivity, figures

abysmally low. The current average productivity of 10.9 tones/ha compares no way with the

average productivity of citrus orchards of even some of the southeast Asian countries like Japan

where high density planting on dwarfing rootstock alone has contributed immensely in

revolutionizing the art of commercial Citriculture. The most ominous complex problem, citrus

decline has plagued our citrus plantations invariably in space and time warranting for massive

rejuvenation programme immediately. Citrus growers in the country are still not aware of the

available technology options for raising the productivity from present level on sustained basis. A

strong need is felt to provide the technological support in post-harvest handling aimed at

enhancement of shelf life so that both availability of fruits in various agro climatic regions and

impart price stability in the market is ensured. Development and dissemination of viable

technologies for sustainable citrus production will collectively add a new lease of life to our

citrus industry.

The first decade of N.R.C. for Citrus, Nagpur since its establishment in 1985 was

devoted to development of infrastructure and initiating the research projects priority wise. As we

are in third decade of NRCC and have already entered in 21st century, the challenges have been

well identified with the clear objectives and goals set in our mind while formulating the future

strategies. A.D. and beyond.

Vision2030

Under TRIPS (Article 22, 23 & 24), India shall seek to get protection of indigenous

germplasm by negotiating among the member countries of WTO. India will have to utilize its

right under (SPS) sanitary and phytosanitary non-tariff barriers to restrict dumping of

horticultural produce especially citrus in our country due to liberal trade policies under WTO

regime.

World citrus production is more than 106 million tonnes (FAO, 2005) with India’s

share around 6.81 million tonnes. Of the total citrus produced in the world, almost one-third is

being processed into various products. In the pretext of new WTO regime, with TRIPs, IPRs and

PVPs enforced by various countries, India also need to gear-up and re-orient its priorities in

citrus research and development as envisaged in this document “Vision 2025”. Citrus being

widely grown across the country, its cultivation faces variety of problems relating to planting

material, soil and water

requirement, nutrition, threats of insect-pests and diseases and lack of post-harvest handling and

utilization infrastructure. Consequently, yields are far below the full orchard potential with

inferior fruit quality.

In India, there are 26 states involved in citrus production but 9 states cover more than 70 % of

area and 89% of total production. In depth analysis, however, shows that there exists very high

degree of disparity in area and production vis-à-vis productivity. For example, the Maharashtra

state ranks first in area total and production but productivity wise it ranks 4th

with 10.3 t/ha after

Karnataka (21.5 t/ha), Madhya Pradesh (16.0 t/ha) and Punjab (13.3 t/ha). In spite of poor yield

in Maharashtra there was almost four fold increased in area under citrus during 1968-69 to 1991-

92. The high market price and steady increase in demand in the domestic market keeps citrus

cultivation a highly remunerative venture. Doubling of yield of citrus in Maharashtra from 5.7

t/ha in 1991-92 to 10.3 t/ha in 2001-02 has become possible with the available production

technologies generated by National Research system.

Projected area and production of citrus fruits

Citrus

fruits

Area (lakh ha) Production (lakh tonnes)

1992-93 2020-25

1992-93

2020-25

Mandarin

1.66

3.29

13.40

52.63

Sweet

orange

1.10

2.18

8.93

35.07

Acid lime

and Lemon

0.93

1.84

7.46

29.36

Total

3.69

7.31

29.79

116.96

Pesticide industry

Meaning of pesticide

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has defined pesticide as:

any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, or controlling any pest,

including vectors of human or animal disease, unwanted species of plants or animals, causing harm

during or otherwise interfering with the production, processing, storage, transport, or marketing of

food, agricultural commodities, wood and wood products or animal feedstuffs, or substances that may

be administered to animals for the control of insects, arachnids, or other pests in or on their bodies.

Background

Since before 2000 BC, humans have utilized pesticides to protect their crops. The first

known pesticide was elemental sulfur dusting used in ancient Sumer about 4,500 years ago in ancient

Mesopotamia. The Rig Veda, which is about 4,000 years old, mentions the use of poisonous plants

for pest control. By the 15th century, toxic chemicals such as arsenic, mercury, and lead were being

applied to crops to kill pests. In the 17th

century, nicotine sulfate was extracted from tobacco leaves

for use as an insecticide. The 19th century saw the introduction of two more natural

pesticides, pyrethrum, which is derived from chrysanthemums, and rotenone, which is derived from

the roots of tropical vegetables. Until the 1950s, arsenic-based pesticides were dominant. Paul

Muller discovered that DDT was a very effective insecticide. Organo chlorines such as DDT were

dominant, but they were replaced in the U.S. by organophosphates and carbamates by 1975. Since

then, pyrethrum compounds have become the dominant insecticide. Herbicides became common in

the 1960s, led by "triazine and other nitrogen-based compounds, carboxylic acids such as 2,4-

dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and glyphosate".

The first legislation providing federal authority for regulating pesticides was enacted in

1910;however, decades later during the 1940s manufacturers began to produce large amounts of

synthetic pesticides and their use became widespread . In the 1960s, it was discovered that DDT was

preventing many fish-eating birds from reproducing, which was a serious threat to biodiversity.

Global pesticide Scenario

An estimated 4.5 million metric tons of pesticides are consumed in the

world annually to protect crops and meet the demands of public health. Globally, nearly 45 per cent

of the total pesticides used consist of herbicides (weedicides) while 30 per cent consists of

insecticides. Fungicides and other pesticides account for 20 per cent and 5 per cent respectively.

Out of the total pesticides consumed in the world, as much as 72 per cent is used in the USA,

Europe and other developed countries, while all the developing countries together consume only 28

per cent. Asia, Africa and Latin America consume 12, 4 and 8 per cent respectively. This uneven

consumption pattern shows that perils caused by pesticides are also of different proportions in

different parts of world. Globally, vegetables and cereals are protected by using as much as 26 and

37 per cent respectively of the total pesticide consumption. Among the cereals, maize and rice

consume 12 per cent and 10 per cent, while cotton and soybean use 9 per cent and 10 per cent of

the total pesticide consumption

Global Market of MNCs :

Sales of top ten agrochemical firms in 2012

Ranking of

2012 Company

Sales of 2012

（$ million）

Sales of 2011

（$ million） change%

1 Syngenta 10,318 9,677 +6.6

2 Bayer Crop Science 9,535 8,963 +6.4

3 BASF 6,012 5,801 +3.6

4 Dow Agro Sciences 5,041 4,600 +9.6

5 Monsanto 3,715 3,240 +14.7

6 DuPont 3,173 2,900 +9.4

7 Makhteshim Agan 2,649 2,503 +5.8

8 Nufarm 2,260 2,154 +4.9

9 Sumitomo Chemical 1,958 1,511 +29.6

10 FMC 1,764 1,465 +20.4

India agrochemical Scenario

Increasing demand of food grains & declining farmlands in India have

increased pressure on farm yield improvement and reduction in crop losses due to pest attacks.

Indian crop protection market was estimated at $ 3.8 billion in FY12 with exports constituting

about 50% of the market. The crop protection market has experienced strong growth in the past

and is expected to grow further at approximate 12% p.a. to reach $ 6.8 billion by FY17. The

growth would be largely driven by export demand which is expected to grow at 15-16% p.a,

while domestic demand is expected to grow at 8-9% p.a. Bio pesticides, which currently

represent only 4.2% of the overall pesticide market in India, are expected to exhibit an annual

growth rate of about 10% in the coming years.

Indian crop protection industry is largely dominated by insecticides which form about

65% of share of the industry. Other segments like herbicides, fungicides and other (rodenticides/

nematocides) form 16%, 15% and 4%, respectively. The Indian market is different from the

global industry in terms of consumption patterns. Globally, herbicides constitute about 44% of

the crop protection market followed by fungicides at 27%, insecticides at 22% and others at 7%.

Favorable climatic conditions in North America and Europe drive herbicide consumption in

those areas. Insecticides usage has also gone down in developed markets with increased usage of

genetically modified (GM) crops.

Tropical climatic conditions and high production of paddy, cotton, sugarcane and other

cereals in India drive the consumption of insecticides. Availability of cheap labor for manual

weed picking also contributed to low consumption of herbicides in India. However, the trend is

expected to change in future as herbicides, now, are the fastest growing segment due to

increasing farm labour wages in India.

Key growth drivers

Indian agrochemicals market is supported by strong growth drivers. Current low

consumption of crop protection products in India, 0.6 kg/ha compared to world average of 3

kg/ha, offers immense opportunities for future growth. Availability of cheap labor and low

processing costs offers opportunity for MNCs to setup their manufacturing hubs in India for their

export markets.

The sector is also driven by huge opportunity for contract manufacturing and research for Indian

players due to large availability of technically skilled labor.

Industry challenges

Despite the strong growth drivers, Indian agrochemicals industry faces challenges in

terms of low awareness among farmers (only 25-30% of the farmers are aware of

agrochemical products and their usage).

With large number of end users spread across the geography, managing inventory &

distribution costs is a challenge for the industry players.

Apart from this, as per feedback from leading industry players, rising sale of

spurious pesticides and spiked bio-pesticides pose a major threat to industry growth.

Effectiveness of current supply chain management (SCM) practices in agrochemicals is

another area of concern for the industry.

Companies face issues due to seasonal nature of demand, unpredictability of pest attacks

and high dependence on monsoons.

Month end skews and high inventory across the channel is a perennial problem for the

industry.

Growth impart

Going forward, the industry needs simplified registration norms for pesticides exports

and increased scope of regulations to include all types of pesticides (including bio pesticides).

For effective regulatory policy, government and industry players need to work together to keep

up the growth momentum. Regulators need to increase their inspection staff to ensure regular

checks to contain the growth of spurious products.

There is also a need to encourage R&D and ease registration process for development of new

molecules. Large MNCs can look at strategic alliances with Indian counterparts to increase their

marketing and distribution reach or expand into newer product categories. Smaller Indian

companies can look at tie-ups with MNCs to explore opportunities in contract research and

manufacturing.

Companies also need to relook at strengthening their SCM strategies to improve their

distribution reach. Certain progressive companies in the industry have adopted new innovative

practices and are setting new benchmarks in supply chain performance which can be followed by

other players as well.

Company Profile

Sumitomo is a Japanese word SUMI+TOMO which means Environment Friendly. The

Sumitomo group traces its roots to a bookshop in Kyoto founded circa 1615 by a former

Buddhist priest, Masatomo Sumitomo. Sumitomo was established on September 22, 1913 and

having headquarter in Tokyo; Japan Sumitomo chemical started business in 1913 as a producer

of fertilizers from sulfur dioxide gas emitted by copper smelters. This business which solved the

environmental problem of air pollution while meeting the social demand for more agricultural

production, embroiled the business philosophy of the Sumitomo family handed down from 17th

century. In 1934 Sumitomo Fertilizer Manufacturing changes its name to Sumitomo Chemical

Co., Ltd. Sumitomo chemicals group, including over 167 subsidiaries and affiliates

It operates business in five different sectors:

Basic chemicals

Petrochemicals

IT related chemicals

Health & Crop science and

Pharmaceuticals

It is one of the largest players in the global agrochemical industry with a wide range of products

for crop protection including insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, agricultural microbial

insecticides, plant growth regulators as well as microbial larvicides for the agro service.

Crop science sector

There are certain range of molecules produced by the R&D sector which are patent and eco

friendly in nature. It deals with production and marketing of pesticides which improves crop

yield and environmental safety. Products produced by the company are IPM and future products

.

Sumitomo chemicals Sales by sector

Sumitomo chemicals sales by year

Sumitomo product range in India for control of diseases and pests

Sr.

no

Brand Name Technical Name Type

1

Danitol

Fenpropathrin 10%EC Insecticide

2

Dantotsu

Clothianidin 50%WDG Insecticide

3

Leader

Sulfosulfuran75%WG Herbicide

4

Borneo

Etoxazole 10% EC

Insecticide

5

Meothrin

Fenpropathrin30% Insecticide

6

Sumitaj

Hydrochloride 4% Fungicide

7

Validacin

Validamycin 3% L Antibiotic

8

Sumipleo

Pyridalyl 10% EC Insecticide

9

Progibb

Gibbrelic Acid Growth promoter

Product images

Danitol Progibb

Dantotsu Borneo

Objectives of the study

To know the acreage and farming experience of farmers.

To know the different pest, disease and plant protection products used by the citrus

growers.

To find out the farmer knowledge of Sumitomo and other companies

Need of the Study

For the identification of major crops grown by farmer

Being a huge Citrus belt, there is a need for the study to be done in Nalgonda district

For the identification of major pest and diseases attacks on the citrus crop

To identify major players in pesticide market

To identify farmers perception about the Sumitomo products.

Scope of the study

It provides a clear understanding to the company regarding the ongoing market and

performance of product with in the Nalgonda district.

It provides easy access to the company to contact farmers.

Help identify main pest and diseases which are prevalent within the citrus going areas in

survey area.

Limitations

The information filled in the questionnaire by the respondents may be biased.

Another problem that I have faced is the poor response from some of the farmers.

Time constraint is also problem in this project.

Poor transport facility in remote areas.

Allotted only limited area

Research methodology

Research Design:-

After the objectives of the survey were well defined, descriptive type

of research design is selected .The research was of survey type and so immense importance

was given on the technicalities of sampling the method of constructing questionnaires,

interviewing the respondents, editing, coding, and tabulation of data and the statistical

techniques to analyze data.

Sampling procedure

Sampling p rocedure fol lowed were s imple Random sampling

Sample size

No. of villages to covered – 45

No. of farmers to covered - 551

Data collection from the Vallala and chandrupalta village farmers at Nalgonda district

Area of Survey:-

Nalgonda district (Telangana state)

Sources and method of Data Collection:-

Data required for the accomplishment of objectives perception of farmers and promotional

schemes is collected through primary and secondary data sources.

A) Sources of Primary Data

Primary data collected from farmers directly with the help of company Questionnarie

(10-20 Farmers from each village)

B) Sources of Secondary Data

Literature available with company websites, Magazines and previous records

Literature available with company

Internet

Data Analysis

The collected data was tabulated by using MS-Excel and Graphical analysis is illustrated

appropriately to make meaningful inferences. The data was subjected to appropriate statistical

treatments like average, percentage and the same has been presented in the form of tables.

Study Period

The duration of the project is limited to 45 days only, starting from May 5th

to June 20th

2015.

Location of the Study

Note: - Mark of identification Red zone is the survey area

India

Data analysis and Interpretation

1. Which are the major crops are grown by farmer and its acreage?

Acreage wise crop grown by farmer

Crop Area in acre Sample size

Sweet orange 2510.5 71%

Lime 510 14%

Paddy 540 15%

Data Interpretation

71% of the sample area holding for Sweet orange and 15% area for paddy crop.

71%

14% 15%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

Sweet orange Lime Paddycro

p A

rea

% in

acr

e

Area wise crop grown by farmer

Sample size : 551 farmers

Crop grown based on farmer size

Particular No. of farmers Sample Size

sweet orange 432 65%

Lime 119 18%

Paddy 116 17%

Data Interpretation:-

65% of the sample farmers prefer to cultivate sweet orange crop

18% of the sample farmers prefer to cultivate Lime crop

78%

22% 21%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

sweet orange Lime Paddy

No

.of

farm

ers

crop name

Crops grown by farmer Sample size : 551 farmers

Sweet orange cultivating acreage

Particular No. of farmers Sample Size

1 to 5 acre 317 73%

6 to 10 acre 98 23%

11 to 15 acre 10 2%

16 to 20 acre 7 2%

Data Interpretation:-

73% of the sample farmers holding 1-5 acres for cultivating of sweet orange and 23% of the

sample farmers holding 6-10 acres .

73%

23%

2% 2% 0%

10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%

1 to 5 acre 6 to 10 acre 11 to 15 acre 16 to 20 acre

Farm

er

size

Acre Range

Sweet orange cultivating acreage Sample size : 432 farmers

Lime Cultivating acreage

Particular No.of farmers Sample Size

1 to 5 acre 118 99%

6 to 10 acre 1 1%

Data Interpretation:-

99% of the sample farmers holding 1-5 acres for cultivating lime

99%

1% 0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

1 to 5 acre 6 to 10 acre

No

.of

farm

ers

Lime Cultivating acreage

Sample size: 119 farmers

Photo with Mr. P.Ravi Kumar BDM, Sumitomo Chemicals at Nalgonda ( Citrus field )

Paddy cultivating acreage

Particular No. of farmers Sample Size

1 to 5 acre 95 82%

6 to 10 acre 16 14%

11 to 15 acre 1 1%

16 to 20 acre 4 3%

Data Interpretation :-

82% of the sample farmers holding 1-5 acres for cultivating Paddy crop and 14% of the sample

farmers holding 6-10 acres .

82%

14% 1% 3%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

1 to 5 acre 6 to 10 acre 11 to 15 acre 16 to 20 acre

No

.of

farm

ers

Paddy cultivating acreages

Sample size : 116 farmers

2. How long you are cultivating this Crop?

Sweet orange cultivating years

Duration No.of farmers Sample Size

1 to 5 years 16 4%

6 to 10 years 395 91%

11 to 15 years 17 4%

16 to 20 years 4 1%

21 to 25 years 0 0%

Data Interpretation:-

91% of the sample farmers cultivating sweet orange crop from 6-10 years and 4% of the sample

farmers from 1-5 and 11-15 years.

4%

91%

4% 1% 0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

1 to 5 years 6 to 10 years 11 to 15 years 16 to 20 years

No

.of

Farm

ers

Sweet orange cultivating years

Sample size : 432 farmers

Lime cultivating years

Duration No. of farmers Sample Size

1 to 5 years 1 1%

6 to 10 years 111 93%

11 to 15 years 4 3%

16 to 20 years 2 2%

21 to 25 years 1 1%

Data Interpretation:-

93% of the sample farmers cultivating Lime crop from 6-10 years and 3% of the sample farmers

cultivating from 11-15 years

1%

93%

3% 2% 1% 0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

1 to 5 years 6 to 10 years 11 to 15 years 16 to 20 years 21 to 25 years

Sample size :119 farmers

Lime crop cultivating years

Paddy cultivating years

Duration

No. of

Farmers Sample Size

1 to 5 years 8 7%

6 to 10 years 101 87%

11 to 15 years 4 3%

16 to 20 years 3 3%

Data Interpretation:-

87% of the sample farmers cultivating paddy crop from 6-10 years and 7% of the sample farmers

cultivating from 1-5 years

7%

87%

3% 3% 0%

10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

1 to 5 years 6 to 10 years 11 to 15 years 16 to 20 years

Sample size : 116 farmers Paddy cultivating years

3. What are the major pest and Diseases?

Particular No. of Farmers Sample Size

Mites 439 79.7%

Root rot 92 16.7%

Leaf minor 20 3.6%

Data Interpretation:-

79.7% of the sample farmer crops affected by Mites and 16.7% were affected by Root rot

Leaf minor infected fruits Mites infected fruits

79.7%

16.7%

3.6%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

Mites Root rot Leaf minor

Major Pest and Disease

Sample Size : 551 farmers

4. What are the Major plant protection products using?

A. Sweet orange

Product No.of farmers Sample Size

Blitox ( coc ) 213 25%

Omite ( propargite ) 195 23%

Carina ( profenofos ) 195 23%

Fosmite( Ethion ) 61 7.3%

Curacron( profenofos ) 61 7.3%

SAAF ( Carbendazim ) 38 4.52%

Oberon (Oberan ) 35 4.16%

Borneo ( Elexazoie ) 21 2.5%

Simbaa ( propargite ) 17 2.02%

Confidor (Imidacloprid ) 4 0.47%

Data interpretation: -

In the sweet orange crop Blitox occupied highest (25 % ) and followed by omite and carina

with 23% .

B. Lime crop

Product No.of farmers Sample Size

Omite 47 16%

Carina 47 16%

Blitox 40 14%

Fosmite 26 9%

Curacron 26 8.8%

Confidor 24 8.1%

Endurer 24 8.1%

Magister 24 8.1%

SAAF 14 4.7%

Borneo 14 4.7%

Oberon 8 2.8%

Data interpretation: -

In Lime crop both Omite and Carina occupied highest (16% ) followed by Blitox (14%) .

Plant protection materials are using by farmers

5. Where you purchased plant protection materials?

Place No.of shops No.of farmers

Sample

Size

Damarlacharla 1 21 4%

Kannekal 2 38 7%

Madugulapally 2 51 9%

Miryalaguda 4 96 17%

Nadigudem 1 17 3%

Nakarikal 4 92 17%

Nidamanuru 2 50 9%

Tipparthi 2 83 15%

Tripuraram 2 63 11%

Vallala 1 10 2%

Vemulapally 1 30 5%

Data interpretation:

Out of 551 sample farmers Miryalaguda and Nakarikal occupied highest position followed by

Tipparthi

6. Where you get these Recommendations?

Particular No.of Farmers Percentage

Dealer 497 90%

Company Representative 46 8%

Fellow Farmers 8 1%

Data Interpretation:-

90% of the sample farmers receiving information through Dealers and 8% of the sample farmers

through Company Representatives

90%

8% 1%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Dealer Company Representative Fellow Farmers

Source of information to the farmers

Sample Size : 551 farmers

. Which is the major company in your area?

Company No of Farmers Sample size

Aries 253 46%

Bayer 93 17%

Coromandal 9 2%

Dhanuka 44 8%

Dupont 8 1%

IMT 27 5%

Pesticides India 17 3%

Syngenta 98 18%

Data Interpretation:-

Out of 551 Farmers, 253 (46%) farmers are mostly aware about Aries, followed by 98 (18%)

farmers Syngenta .

46%

17%

2% 8%

1% 5%

3%

18%

0%5%

10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%50%

Aries Bayer Coromandal Dhanuka Dupont IMT PesticidesIndia

Syngenta

No

.of

Farm

ers

Company Name

Farmer perception on major Companies Sample Size : 551 farmers

8. Do you know sumitomo Chemicals India PVT Ltd?

Particular No. of Farmers Percentage

Yes 21 4%

No 530 96%

Data Interpretation:-

96% of the sample farmers are not aware and 4% of the sample farmers are aware about

Sumitomo Company

4%

96%

Awareness on sumitomo company

Yes

No

9. Any Suggestions from Farmers?

Particular No. of farmers Sample size

Give free sample and field

demonstrations 461 84%

Not given any suggestions 90 16%

Data Interpretation:-

84% of the sample farmers asking free samples and field demonstrations and 16% of the sample

farmers are not given any suggestions or response.

Give field demonstrations

and free samples

84%

Not given any suggestions

16%

Farmer suggestions

Findings

96% of the sample farmers are not aware and 4% of the sample farmers are aware about

Sumitomo Company

Majority of sweet orange and lime farmers are using Blitox (39%), Omit (9%) and Carina

(9%) for the control of Root rot, mites and Leaf minor.

71% of the sample area holding for Sweet orange and 15% area for paddy crop.

Based on the farmer size out of 551 farmers 78% of the sample farmers cultivating sweet

orange and 22% are Lime crop and

Based on the area out of 551 farmers 71% of the sample area holding for Sweet orange

and 15% area for paddy crop.

Out of 432 Sweet orange farmers 73% of the sample farmers holding 1-5 acres and 23%

of the sample farmers holding 6-10 acres. And Out of 199 lime farmers 99% of the

sample farmers holding 1-5 acres for cultivating lime.

Out of 116 paddy farmers 82% of the sample farmers holding 1-5 acres for cultivating

Paddy crop and 14% are 6-10 acres.

In lime crop 93% of the sample farmers cultivating Lime crop from 6-10 years and 3% of

the sample farmers cultivating from 11-15 years.

In Sweet orange crop 91% of the sample farmers cultivating crop from 6-10 years and

4% from 1-5 and 11-15 years.

79.7% of the sample farmer crops affected by mites and 16.7% affected by Root rot

In Lime crop both Omite and Carina occupied highest (16%) followed by Blitox (14%).

In the sweet orange crop Blitox occupied highest (25 %) and followed by omite and

carina with 23%.

Out of 551 sample farmers Miryalaguda and Nakarikal occupied highest position for

purchasing of plant protection materials followed by Tipparthi.

Out of 551 sample farmers 253 farmers (46%) are mostly aware about Aries, followed

by 98 farmers (18%) Syngenta .

84% of the sample farmers asking free samples and field demonstrations and 16% of the

sample farmers are not given any suggestions or response

All the Citrus growers are following irrigation method through Drip.

15% farmers are ready to remove citrus crop plants due to lack of water facility & high

pest and disease incidence .

90% of the sample farmers receiving information through Dealers and 8% of the sample

farmers through Company Representatives

Suggestions

To increase the marketing activities at frequently basis e.g. Road show, trade show, free

distribution of leaflets, advertisement in local newspaper, TV, field demonstrations,

farmer meetings etc.

The point of purchase (POP) displays and demonstrations are the part of consumer sale

promotion and take place at the point of purchase or sale.

Company should also provide the promotional offer to the farmers in different season like

free coupon, free sampling, gifts, installment schemes, and Discounts etc.

The use of video vans has been of prime significance in conducting promotional activates

in rural areas.

Company should recruit the field experts who visit the dealers shop as well as farmer’s

field at regular interval.

Haats and mandis plays a vital role in the lives of villagers as it provides a first contact

point with the market

Folk media consists theatrical forms, puppetry, street theatre and magic shows, which are

an intrinsic part f the culture and heritage of the land.

Conduct the events which are important for the best ways to capture the attention of the

audience .

Melas or fairs are an important feature of Indian rural life ,held periodically to

commemorate important events or to honour deity .

Conclusion

Based on the results of the survey and graphical analysis, it seems

quite logical to conclude that Sumitomo Chemicals having less share in Nalgonda district

compare to other companies but the products of the this company giving high effective results

than other company products , so this having more opportunity to increase share of market

through following the various methods like Road show, trade show, free distribution of leaflets,

advertisement in local newspaper, TV, field demonstrations, farmer meetings , point of purchase

Company should also provide the promotional offer to the farmers in different season like free

coupon, free sampling, gifts, installment schemes, and Discounts etc.

The promoting the company brand using with Haats and mandis plays a vital role

in the lives of villagers as it provides a first contact point with the market and Conduct the events

which are important for the best ways to capture the attention of the audience. Apart from this I

would like to share few points, farmer always have to face many problems in Indian agriculture,

at that crucial, time if company provides support to farmers by giving quality and best plant

protection materials like sumitomo products it saves farmers from indebt ness and helps him

maintain self sufficiency. I heart fully thank Sumitomo chemicals India Pvt Ltd for giving this

opportunity especially Mr .Sanjeev Seth (HR) and Mr. .Sudhakar Reddy BMD lead AP. for

giving his valuable suggestions to me .

Bibliography

Rural Marketing by Pradeep Kashyap

Principles of Marketing by Philip Kotler

Webliography

www.nabard.org/english/shortterm.aspx

https://www.organicconsumers.org/news/worlds-top-10-pesticide

http://www.ficci.com/events/20563/Add_docs/SectorBrief.pdf

https://www.agra-net.net/agra/agrow/markets-regulatory/global

www.sumitomo-chem.co.jp/english

http://www.business-standard.com

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesticide

http://www.agf.gov.bc.ca/pesticides/a_3.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture

http://www.icar.org.in/en/search/node/about+indian+agriculture

http://nrccitrus.nic.in/index.php?c=pages&m=index&id=17

Questionnaire

Name of The farmer: Village Name:

Fathers Name: Mobile No:

1. Which are the major crops are grown by farmer and its acreage?

2. What type of crops? Sweet Orange / Acid Lemon?

3. How long you are cultivating this crop?

4. What are the major pests?

5. What are the major plant protection products using?

6. Where you purchased? ( Mentioned Shop name)

7. Where you get these recommendations?

8. Which is the major company in your area?

9. Do you know about Sumitomo Chemical India Pvt.ltd?

10. Any suggestions?

Signature of farmer

Date: