A Survey of Available Features for Mobile Traffic Offload

Younes Khadraoui (Telecom Bretagne/IRISA)Xavier Lagrange (Telecom Bretagne/IRISA)Annie Gravey (Telecom Bretagne/IRISA)

2Outline Introduction and Motivations

Offloading through femtocells

Offloading through Wi-Fi Loose coupling Tight coupling Very tight coupling

Conclusion

3Introduction and Motivations(1) New cellular access technologies: (High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), Long Term Evolution (LTE));

High bit rates New services (streaming video, Voice over IP,etc);

Encourage the use of smartphones to access the internet;

Significant Increase of mobile data traffic !!!

4Introduction and Motivations (2)

[1] Ericsson, Mobility report, tech. rep., 2013.a

5Introduction and Motivations(3)

Deploy new base stations (BS) increase inter-cell interference high CAPEX and OPEX

Alternative solution:Transfer a part of the traffic to other cheaper networks: OffloadingTwo main offloading solutions: Femtocells (Home eNodeB) Wi-Fi networks

50% of global mobile data traffic will be offloaded to femtocells or Wi-Fi networks by 2018 (17 exabytes/month); [2]

CAPEX=capital expenditureOPEX=operational expenditure

[2]: [2] C. V. N. Index, Global mobile data traffic forecast update, 2013-2018, US/solutions/collateral/ns341/ns525/ns537/ns705/ns827/white paper c11- 520862. html (Son erisim: 5 Febs 2014), 2013.

6Offloading through femtocells Femtocells:

Benefits: OPEX reduced from $60,000/year/macrocell to $200/year/femtocell [6]; Handover provided seamlessly ;Disadvantages: Interferences with macro BS;

Few meters coverageSame frequency band as macro-BSSeen as a regular BS

[6]:V. Chandrasekhar, J. Andrews, and A. Gatherer, Femtocell networks: a survey, Communications Magazine, IEEE, vol. 46, no. 9,pp. 5967, 2008.

7Offloading through Wi-Fi Different types of architecture for integration of Wi-Fi and cellular network:

Loose coupling;

Tight coupling;

Very tight coupling;

8Loose coupling(1)

2 IP addresses

2 protocol stacks

TCP connectionsloss in case of vertical handover

TCP=Transport Control Protocol

9Loose coupling(2)Solutions for sessions continuity Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) based solution (Ip Flow Mobility (IFOM))

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Loose coupling(3)Solutions for sessions continuity SHIM6 based solution [16]

[16] A. Dhraief, Mobility and multihoming convergence. PhD thesis, (Institut Mines-Tlcom-Tlcom Bretagne-UEB), 2009.

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Loose coupling(4)Solutions for sessions continuity Stream Transport Control Protocol (SCTP) based solution[17]

[17] R. Stewart, Q. Xie, et al., Rfc 4960, stream control transmissionprotocol, ietf, Network Working Group (October 2000), 2007.

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Loose coupling(5)Solutions for sessions continuity Multipath TCP (MPTCP) based solution [22]

[22] A. Ford, C. Raiciu, M. Handley, and O. Bonaventure, Tcp extensions for multipath operation with multiple addresses,IETF MPTCP proposal-http://tools. ietf. org/id/draft-ford-mptcpmultiaddressed- 03. txt, 2011.

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Tight coupling Tight coupling:

1 IP address

Seamlessverticalhandover

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Very tight couplingVery Tight coupling[9]:

[9] X. Lagrange, Very tight coupling between lte and wifi for advanced offloading procedures, in WCNC Workshop, Interference and design issues for futur heterogeneous networks, IEEE, 2014.

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Conclusion Increase of mobile data traffic on cellular networks need for solutions;

Alleviate traffic load on cellular network by offloading to other cheaper network;

Main offloading solutions: Femtocells and Wi-Fi;

Different degrees of coupling Wi-Fi and cellular: Loose coupling Tight coupling Very tight coupling

Session continuity issues

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Thank you for your attention ! Questions ?

Younes.khadraoui@telecom-bretagne.eu

Xavier.lagrange@telecom-bretagne.eu

Annie.gravey@telecom-bretagne.eu

Thank you!

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