a very brief history of china: from empire to communist nation. mao zedong (tse-tung)
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By 1945, there were two Chinese governments The Communist government of Mao Zedong in Northern China Soviet Union supported. The Nationalist government of Chiang Kai-shek based in southern and central China United States supported.TRANSCRIPT
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A Very Brief History of China:From Empire to Communist Nation.
Mao Zedong (Tse-tung)
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• For thousands of years, China was ruled by emperors• 1911: Qing Dynasty (the last empire) collapsed
– (Side note: In 1917 their neighbor to the north had a communist Revolution)
• Chinese nationalists wanted a unified China• Communists also wanted imperial powers out• Shanghai Massacre: Nationalists massacre thousands of
Communists…no more alliance against warlords • Nationalists also fought Chinese warlords who wanted to
control individual parts of China (no unification)
• Nationalists asked western nations for aid• Their requests were unanswered • Soviet Union offered aid, in hopes of possibly spreading
communist ideas to China.
A Very Brief History of China:
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By 1945, there were two Chinese governments
The Communist government of Mao Zedong in Northern
China
Soviet Union supported.
The Nationalist government of Chiang Kai-shek based in southern
and central China
United States supported.
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• 1946: Civil War – Nationalists vs Communists– Peasants attracted to Communists by the promises of land
(held by • 1949: People’s Liberation Army defeats Nationalists
– commanded by Chairman Mao – Chiang Kai-shek and two million followers fled to the island
of Taiwan.
A Very Brief History of China:
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Great Leap Forward1957• Great Leap Forward
– Industrial and agricultural nationalization (i.e. state or government owned industry and farming)
– Villages turned into Chinese “communes”
– Communes fail to produce resulting in famine
– Great Leap Forward = huge failure
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Cultural Revolution• Mao's Cultural Revolution:
rid China of everything that reminded them a life other than pure communism– Chinese live in fear as a result
• Quotations of Chairman Mao– “Little Red Book”– A collection of speeches and
quotes by Mao for all citizens to have
• Strived for classless society (last stage or ultimate goal of
communism)“Little Red Book” as it is referred to by westerners, was carried by all citizens during Cultural Revolution
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Enter Deng Xiaoping
1976• Mao dies• Deng Xiaoping to
power: allows more economic initiatives that resemble capitalism
• Deng does NOT allow democracy, however
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Tiananmen SquareApril 1989• Student protests for
economic and political openness
• Desire for democracy• After 2 months of
protest, the leader of China, Deng Xiaoping, sent troops in to put down the demonstration
• Turned violent and hundreds of students were killed
Video Footage (3:30)
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•Today:
•China still has a communist government
•Free-market economy (capitalist)
•Rapidly moving up in the global economy
•Communism in China
A Very Brief History of China: