a very diverse kingdom. kingdom animalia characteristics all animals share the following...
DESCRIPTION
Animals are taxonomically grouped based on three main features: Number of body layers Type of Body cavity Body Symmetry Kingdom Animalia FeaturesTRANSCRIPT
A Very Diverse Kingdom
Kingdom Animalia Characteristics
All animals share the following characteristics
1.Eukaryotic2.Multicellular3.Reproduce sexually4.Heterotrophic5.Motile, at least for part of their
life
Animals are taxonomically grouped based on three main features:
Number of body layers Type of Body cavity Body Symmetry
Kingdom Animalia Features
The 3 main layers appear very early in embryonic development. In humans the layers are:
Ectoderm – skin, nerves Mesoderm – muscles, blood,
kidneys Endoderm – lungs, liver, gut
lining
Feature 1: Number of body layers
The two main types of body cavities are:
Coelomates –have a fluid filled body cavity that supports organ systems
Acoelomates – lack a fluid filled body cavity like flatworms
Feature 2: Type of Body Cavity
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The three main types of symmetry are:
Bilateral – can be cut into two mirror images through a central line.
Radial – body is organized around a central axis. They are symmetrical around any central cut.
Asymmetry – no distinctive symmetry
Feature 3: Body Symmetry
8
Top
Bottom
Back
Front
Animal Phyla
Animalia phyla are spilt into two major groups based on the presence or absence of a spinal cord and vertebra
1.Non-chordates or invertebrates
2.Chordates or vertebrates
These are animals without a notochord (backbone)
There are eight phyla of invertebrates1. Porifera, Sponges2. Cnidarians, jellyfish3. Platyhelminthes, Flatworms 4. Annelids, segemented worms
pinworm5. Nematoda, Roundworms6. Mollusca, snails, clams7. Echinoderms, starfish8. Arthropods, insects, crabs
spiders
Invertebrate Phyla
1. Porifera: Sponges lack any definite symmetry Sponges are the simplest
animals, lack defined tissues and organs
Are hermaphroditic Fertilized eggs become free-
swimming larvae, which then attach to the ocean floor, metamorphose and become fixed in one place.
2. Cnidarians: Jellyfish and Corals
Have radial symmetry
reproduce both sexual and asexually
Have tentacles with stinging cells that they use to capture food.
3. Platyhelminthes: Flatworms
Have bilateral symmetry.
Free living worms are hermaphroditic, they generate a reproductive system only during breeding season.
Can be free-living or parasites.
4. Nematodes: Roundworms
Have bilateral symmetry.
Have long thin, round worm like bodies
Most are free-living, however some are parasitic and can cause major health concerns.
Simplest organisms to have a complete digestive tract.
5. Annelida: Segmented Worms
Have bilateral symmetry
Have round, segmented bodies which is beneficial for movement, can move different parts at a time, increases flexibility.
Have a coelom
6. Mollusca: Snails, Clams, Squid
Have bilateral symmetry
Are coelomicThey are soft-
bodied animals. Most cover their body with a shell for protection.
Have radial symmetryHave spiny outer
covering for protectionMove by changing water
pressure inside tubes in the arms
Can be stationary or burrowing
Have a coelom
7. Echinodermata: Starfish
Have bilateral symmetry. Ecologically important part of food
chains due to their abundant numbers
Have a coelom, including simple respiratory, circulatory and excretory systems
There are four group of arthropods:1. Arachnids (spiders)2. Centipedes & Millipedes3. Crustaceans (crabs, shrimp)4. Insects
8. Arthropoda: Insects and Spiders