a very large farm. a person who fought to end slavery
TRANSCRIPT
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Civil War & Reconstruction Vocabulary Words
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A very large farm.
Plantation
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A person who fought to end slavery.
Abolitionist
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President of the Confederacy (the South) during the Civil War.
Jefferson Davis
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United States President during the Civil War. He wrote the Emancipation Proclamation and
worked to reconstruct the country after the war.
Abraham Lincoln
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The North’s strategy during the Civil War to cut off supplies from the South by blocking
their trade.
Anaconda Plan
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A law requiring men to register for military service.
Draft
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Money owed after a war.
War debts
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An above-ground series of escape routes for slaves traveling from the South to the North
to gain their freedom.
Underground Railroad
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People who led runaway slaves to freedom on the Underground Railroad.
Conductors
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A former slave, she made over 19 journeys from the South to the North helping slaves
escape.
Harriet Tubman
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Songs sung by slaves and members of the Underground Railroad to encourage hope,
defy slave-masters, and send secret messages.
Spirituals
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The time period when the United States was rebuilt after the Civil War.
Reconstruction
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A newly free slave.
Freedmen
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An office established in 1865 by Congress to help former black slaves and poor whites in
the South after the Civil War.
Freedmen’s Bureau
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Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction, which stated that a southern state could rejoin the United States once 10 percent of its voters
swore an oath of loyalty to the Union.
Ten Percent Plan
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An official pardon for people who have been convicted of political crimes.
Amnesty
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Laws passed by Southern states in 1865 and 1866, after the Civil War, that restricted
African Americans' freedoms and opportunities (such as jobs and education)
Black Codes
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Acts passed by the Radical Republicans (who took charge of Reconstruction) that put strict requirements in place if a southern state wanted to rejoin the Union.
Reconstruction Acts
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Republicans who favored drastic and sometimes harsh measures against the
southern states in the period following the Civil War.
Radicals
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To charge a politician with misconduct or crimes.
Impeach
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A person from the northern states who went to the South after the Civil War to profit
from the Reconstruction.
Carpetbagger
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A secret society of white Southerners in the United States; used threats and violence to
suppress black people.
Ku Klux Klan
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A farmer who rents a piece of land from the owner and pays him back with a portion of
the crop he harvests.
Sharecropper
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A tax that had to be paid every time a person voted. Poll taxes were used after the Civil
War to prevent free blacks, who often could not afford to pay them, from voting.
Poll Tax
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A test of someone’s ability to read and write that had to be passed before voting; used to
keep freedmen and the poor from voting.
Literacy Test
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A law that stated that if your grandfather was allowed to vote (as of 1867), then you can vote, too, without having to pass a literacy
test.
Grandfather Clause
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Legal separation of races (for example, in schools, bathrooms, or trains)
Segregation
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Racial segregation laws enacted between 1876 and 1965 in certain U.S. states;
greatly restricted the rights and opportunities for free black citizens.
Jim Crow Laws