a vision for future integrated floodplain …...2016/10/02 · a vision for future integrated...
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AVisionforFutureIntegratedFloodplainManagementintheColumbiaBasinRobertJNaiman1andStanleyVGregory2
1) IndependentScienDficReviewPanelandSchoolofAquaDc&FisherySciences,UniversityofWashington
2)IndependentScienDficAdvisoryBoardandDepartmentFisheries&Wildlife,OregonStateUniversity
FutureofOurSalmonConference–19October2016,Portland
OurWorkingVision
ImplemenDngmanagementpracDces,science-basedevaluaDonsandpolicydecisionscompaDblewiththelong-termvitalityoffloodplains,withthemaintenance,protecDonandrestoraDonofaquaDcandterrestrialcommuniDesthatdependonfloodplains,andwiththe
provisionofFirstFoods–water,salmon,game,cous,berries–forTribesandcommuniDesalongtherivers
AVisionforFutureIntegratedFloodplainManagementintheColumbiaBasinCouldtherebeamorecomplexandcontenDoustopic?
Possibly….butthisoneoffersgreatchallengesaswellasoutstandingbenefitsandopportuni;esforinnova;veenvironmental-socialsolu;ons
Photo:Wallicketal.2013
Floodplains:ChangingSocialCondi?onsNumerousbusinessesandtownshavebeenbuiltonfloodplains.Reasons:• Accesstofreshwater• FerDlityoffloodplainlandfor
farming• CheaptransportaDon,viariversand
railroads,whicho[enfollowrivers• Easeofdevelopmentonflatland• TransferofwastesAsaconsequence,greatpubliceffortandexpensehasbeendirectedtowardtheprotec;onofthesesocial(cultural)investments–andthisprotec;onmaybeintensifiedinthefuture
ColumbiaBasin:TheSocialContext• Twocountries• 7USAstates• 15Na?veAmerican
Tribes(+17inCanada)• 11ecological
provinces• 62subbasins(USA)• >100coun?es+many
ci?esandotheren??esrepresen?ngpaRernsofownership,management,orregulatoryjurisdic?on(e.g.,USFS,BLM,irriga?on&waterdistricts)
Floodplains:ChangingEnvironmentalCondi?ons
ExtensivephysicalalteraDonstowaterandsedimentsupplies,tostreamchannels,andtohowlandisusedhaveresultedinbroadenvironmentalchangesoverthelasttwocenturies.Changesinclude:• Ecosystem-scalealtera?ons
fromwidespreaduseofar?ficialchemicals
• Prolifera?onandrangeexpansionsofnon-na?vespecies
• Rangecontrac?onsandlossoflifehistorydiversitybyna?vespecies
• Pervasivealtera?onstoriparianzonesandfoodsupplies
• Climatechange
~1860 ~2010
Source:BCollins,UW
SkagitRiver,WA
MovingForwardThereareunparalleledopportuni/esforimprovingfloodplainfunc/ons
aslongastwosimultaneousbutcomplementaryapproachesare
implemented(ecologicalandsociological)andseamlesslyintegrated
Ecological• Establishtheappropriate
spa?alscale• Synthesizeexis?nginforma?on• Iden?fyessen?alknowledge
anddatagaps• Selectpriorityfloodplainsfor
conserva?onandrestora?on• Allowperiodicoverbank
flooding
Sociological• Iden?fythediversityandspa?al
distribu?onofperspec?vesforfloodplainuse
• Iden?fyessen?alpolicyissues• Selecteffec?veapproachesfor
public,Tribalandgovernmentalinterac?ons
• Cracacomprehensivestrategyforintegra?ngtheecologicalandculturaldemands(uses)offloodplains
OngoingEffortsintheColumbiaBasinNorthwestPowerandConservaDonCouncil’s2014FishandWildlifeProgramTheProgramspecificallycallsfor(amongotherrelatedac?ons):• Protec?onandenhancementofecologicalconnec?vitybetweenaqua?careas,
riparianzones,floodplains,sidechannels,anduplands• Reconnec?ngfloodplainsthroughpassiveandac?veimprovementsinchannel
structureandgeomorphologyandre-establishingnaturalriverprocesses-withspecialemphasisontheestuaryandlowerColumbiaRiver
• Inves?gatethepoten?altofurtherimproveecosystemfunc?onandfloodplainconnec?vity.
TheseacDonsareevidentinseveralsociallyandecologicallycomprehensiveprojects:• KootenaiRiver• WillameReRiver• ColumbiaRiverEstuary
KootenaiRiverFloodplainConduc/ngAc/veRestora/onandQuan/fyingEcologicalLosses
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0IHA
ISSA
IFA
IFFA
ILCC
IWFA
RMI
RFI
I-IBI
A-IBI
Canyon
Braided
Meander
Opera?onalLossAssessmentIndices Source:KootenaiTribe
WillameReRiverScenarios
Source:WillameReRiverBasinAtlas
Astoria
Longview
Portland
BonnevilleDam
ColumbiaRiverEstuaryAcresrestored,protectedsince2000:21,399
PresentNaDveHabitats:123,266acres
Managedareas,recoverable
‘Recoverychallenged’areas:68,231acres‘Recoverable’areas:77,210acres
Source:CCorbeR,LCRP
IntegratedFloodplainManagementWhatwillitTaketobeSuccessful?
Goldenrulesforsuccessfulintegratedfloodplainmanagement:1. Linktosocio-economicvaluesandintegrate
withbroaderplanninganddevelopmentac?vi?es
2. Involveallrelevantstakeholders3. Iden?fy,understand,andworkwith
watershedandriverineprocesses4. Restorefloodplainstructureandfunc?onby
workingattheappropriatescaletoaddresslimi?ngfactorstoriver-floodplainhealth
5. Setclear,achievableandmeasurablegoals6. Buildresilienceinresponsetofuturechange7. Ensurethesustainabilityofmanagement
strategiesandrestora?onac?ons8. Monitor,evaluate,adaptandprovide
evidenceofrestora?onoutcomes
AdaptedfromSpeedetal(2016)andPejtetal(2016) Photo:Wallicketal.2013
DevelopinganAc?on-BasedVisionforaBasin-wideProgram
MajorTasksforFloodplainPolicy&Science
• DetermineandarDculatetheulDmategoal.Isitbiologicalintegrity,salmonidproduc?on,anintegratedsocial/ecologicalsystemwithmeasurableoutputs,orsomeothertarget?
• Implementkeysociallinkages.Ini?atepolicydiscussionsrelatedtoflooding,buildregionalcommunica?onforunderstandingmul?pleusesoffloodplains,andbuildadap?vecapacityofdecision-makersandthepublic.
• QuanDfythespaDaldistribuDonandareaoffloodplains.Whatisthedistribu?onanddiversityoffloodplainlandformsandhabitatsintheColumbiaRiveranditstributaries?Whatisthefootprintoftoday’sfunc?onalfloodplain?
• Determinetheaggregatecapacityoffloodplainstoholdwaterandrechargeaquafers
• EstablishaccuratemonitoringandevaluaDonofaggregatefloodplaincondiDons.Thisincludesopera?onallossassessments.
• EsDmatetheaggregatepotenDalofmulDusefloodplainsformaintainingwaterquality,fish,biodiversity,andagriculturalproducDon.
• IdenDfyfloodplainswithunusualpotenDalforrestoraDonandconservaDon,aswellasfordemonstraDonsitesforecological-socialintegraDon
• DefinequanDfiablerestoraDon/conservaDontargetsandestablishDmelines.Whereandhowmuchfloodplainisneededtoreachtheul?mategoal?
KeyChallengesforIntegratedFloodplainManagementintheColumbiaBasin
• Re-establishadequatefluxesofbedload,suspendedsedimentsandlargewoodontofloodplainsThesearethebuildingmaterialforfloodplains,mostis
trappedbydamsorpreventedfromenteringchannels.
Floodplainsarenotphysicallystable–theychange
drama/callyinresponsetofloodsaswellastoregulated
flows
Opera;onally,thismeansallowingstreamsandriverstoperiodicallyovertopbanksandfillfloodplains.Floodandbankfullstages(asdeterminedbytheUSWeatherService)oUenseektohelppreventoverbankflows
KeyChallengesforIntegratedFloodplainManagementintheColumbiaBasin
• EstablishahealthyperspecDvebetweenurbanareasandflooding.Thisiscentraltohavinganintegratedfloodplainmanagementstrategy
Rethinkthedesignofci/es,
businesses,andfarmsto
accommodateperiodicflooding–
(e.g.,2-yrinunda/oniscri/calfor
aqua/ccommuni/es,provides
importantfoodresourcesand
manyfunc/onswithoutgreatly
impac/ngadjoininglanduse,and
representsareasmosteasily
alteredbychanneliza/on,riprap,
andlevees)
Resistant?;certainlynotresilient
UrbanDesignstoAccommodateFloodingAdvancesinOpenSpace|Buildings|Infrastructure
http://hongkong.cncn.com/article/62035/
KeyChallengesforIntegratedFloodplainManagementintheColumbiaBasin
• Overcomecomplexsocialissues(e.g.,landowners,publicpercepDonsandvalues),technicalhurdles(e.g.,engineeringcomplexity,lossassessment,appropriateM&E)andeffecDvecoordinaDon(seamlessintegraDonamongagencies,Tribes,landownersandprojectsponsors)AttheBasinscale,thinkandactincrea/veways,improve
adap/vecapacityasindividualsandascommuni/es,and
empowerstewardshipandtheassump/onofpersonal
responsibility
OurVisionforColumbiaRiverFloodplains
Itis?metomovebeyondisolatedmanagementandrestora?onac?onstoaBasin-scalestrategy.Astrategywithbroadlyintegratedac?onsbasedonalandscapeperspec?ve–onethatseamlesslylinkssocialandecologicalconsidera?onsImplemen/ngsuchaperspec/vewithits
aVendantphilosophies,ethicsandvisions
isjustasimportantforlocalsustainable
economiesandculturesasitisforfish,
biodiversity,andhealthyfloodplains
ThankYou!
Photo:Wallicketal.2013
OurPresenta/onGreatlyBenefiVedfromtheProfessional
Dedica/onandGenerosityProvidedbytheFollowing
ResearchersandColleagues
CatherineCorbeR–LowerColumbiaRiverPartnershipDaveHulse–UniversityofOregon
SueIreland–KootenaiTribeKuei-HsienLiao–UniversityofHongKongSiSimenstad–UniversityofWashington
RobertSpeed–AustralianNa?onalUniversityRoseWallick–USGS