A2 Interior Design!

EDITORIAL PRESENTATION BY MARTYNAS KASIULEVICUS

Main Research !Initial Ideas!

Sustainability !Idea Development !

Stacking !Outcomes!

In this first section, I will explore the different avenues that I can take in order to tackle my design brief. In addition this section will consist of 2D and 3D Sketches that will capture all my initial ideas.

There will also be some initial models, and CAD models that will display the development and progression of my work.

The main section will cover some additional research on sustainability, and possible ways of how my initial ideas could be developed into sustainable structures.

The last section will showcase all the outcomes, and experimentation that will lead towards the final outcome.

Design Brief!New York !New York. One of the most known cities in the world, a city that is growing vertically more than any other place in the world, however all this growth is not sustainable. Concrete and steel are the major materials that run throughout the city, and it seems incredibly hard to find any green space. All of the skyscrapers consume masses amount of energy to run it every day and this is producing an impact on the environment. In contrast sustainable architecture is becoming more and more popular in Europe, where houses are set to produce their own energy and heat. The selection of materials are also seem to be different as more wood is used, however the sizes of structures are different so its understandable that in New York the skyscrapers use strong material such as steel to make the structures safe. My initial ideas Is to blend these two different cultures of architecture together in order to produce a large and sustainable apartment that sits in the center of New York so that it could bring attention to sustainable architecture.

Specification!Sustainable Design!

Garden rooftops are the only green sustainable design feature which can be found on some New York apartment or office roofs. This design element could be adjusted slightly so that the space could be suitable for growing its own vegetables and fruit. Promoting farming in a city environment could be a success as people wouldn’t have to buy everyday products such as vegetables and eggs at their local shop. Wooden theme throughout the structure should also be considered as the main aim is to create a sustainable building that can power itself. Solar panels and wind turbines are the must use in order to make the structure environmentally friendly, however they should be placed, positioned or shaped in order to suit the design of the structure.

POLIFACTORY!Architecture | Design | Culture

•  Architecture Design

•  Architecture Rehabilitation & Renovation

•  Interior Architecture Design

•  Structures Design •  Urban Design

•  Graphic Design •  Identity &

Branding •  Web Design

“We believe the only way to innovate is through sharing ideas and the best teachers are the ones who ash the questions you never thought of. When separate forces collide and interrelationships form, the result is innovation.”

Whilst browsing the internet and doing research, I’ve managed to find these interesting group of Architects and designers called ‘Polifactory’. I think their design are very minimalist and simple, however they’ve got immense ideas and points behind each of their design which makes them very interesting to look at and to study.

First research!

HOUS.E+ POLIFACTORY ARHITECTURE

•  Hous.E+ is single family residence •  It’s a concept proposal that looks into

resourceful building regarding energy efficiency and sustainability.

•  House.E+ is set to produce more energy than it consumes.

DESIGN The different blocks of this house are placed with various heights and dimensions, establishing a visual connection with the background mountains, framing some of its best views.

HOUS.E+

This house is based upon existing smart technologies,

but explores different solutions that haven't been

developed so far.

IDEA

•  The water resources is not only stored and re-used but also is part of a cycle that generates power throughout a series of wall embedded micro hydro-turbines.

•  The walls act like breathing structures, allowing air exchange without significant heat loss, working naturally as a thermal mass, storing heat in winter and rejecting in the summer, eliminating the need for air conditioning.

MATERIALS

•  Hous.E+ is build upon a rammed earth wall technique that is unaffected by rain, fire or pests, plus it doesn't require any further finishing.

•  Raw material is displayed to blend with the natural surroundings to give a sustainable look.

•  This design also reflects on the Company's style of architecture.

Cubes, squares and rectangles !

Extracting the main shapes from the House.E+ I’ve started to put together some initial thoughts, shapes and forms for an initial design.

initial ideas  

experimenting  

Using Google Sketchup I’ve created some experimentation models seeing how I could potentially connect different sized blocks around in order to create some extra space.

Cubes, squares and rectangles !Initial models!

I put together a few open cube models and I tried to play around by positioning, rotating and sizing each cube to create some sort of space that would allow me to create additional spaces such as the balcony or garden.

Sketches!drawing ideas !

PEDRO ALMODOVAR !TRIBUTE !Polifactory Architecture!

In 2008 there was a competition to honor the career of Pedro Almodovar in his hometown Calzada de Calatrava, Spain. He is a Spanish film director, screenwriter and producer, arguably the most successful and internationally known Spanish filmmaker of his generation. •  ‘Polifactory’ tried framing Pedro’s hometown like he framed his films •  The sculpture could be recognized as a giant frame and instantaneously

linked with Pedro Almodovar.

The sculpture is an elevated concrete span 15 meters long with a robust and heavy body to frame the “La Mancha” landscape visible in the distance. The frame captures the landscape nicely and lets you view the beauty inside the contrasting red frame. Compared to the Hous.E+ ‘Polifactory’ try to establish themselves as a group of designers that use rather simple shapes and rely on the texture of material to create a unique look of the structure itself.

Through a variety of engineering strategies and techniques, ‘Polifactory’ was able to devise a plan to lighten the concrete in the overhead beam and ensure the sculpture could be constructed. •  Concrete •  Metal poles •  Wood

Shape!Frame like structure!

The design of this frame like structure is very interesting, by layering it create steps that become part of the structure. I think this structure is very cleaver and fun to look at as its so simple yet so extraordinary.

Inspiration !Window design!

By outlining the key shape of the Pedro Almodovar Tribute I’ve managed to get inspiration as they reminded me of a frame. Since I was looking at sustainable designs previously in Hous.E+ I decided to change the frames itself into solar panels which could generate energy for the structure.

Solar  Panels  

Light  Source  

The  Sun  Disadvantages •  The major

disadvantage of this design would be that the top panel is facing down meaning that it’s not getting direct sunlight and is not able to generate as much energy as the other panels that are fitted around the window.

•  In addition it may make the window itself smaller, thus not allowing as much sunlight into the space inside.

Window design !analysis !

The diagrams below show how I experimented with light position and how the solar paneled windows reacted to the sun. When the sun was earliest/lowest it seemed to generate more electricity than when it was at it’s highest angle. This shows that the top panel is unable to get direct sunlight and generate enough energy, whereas the bottom panel is constantly getting good contact with the sun, hence making the good electricity generation. From the experiment I concluded to the fact that only 75% of the time tested gained good electricity, 12.5% medium electricity generation and 12.5 low electricity generation.

0%  

10%  

20%  

30%  

40%  

50%  

60%  

70%  

80%  

Good  Electricity  GeneraAon  

Medium  Electricity  GeneraAon  

Low  Electricity  GeneraAon    

Electricity  Genera-on    

Window design !problems and solutions!

By rotating the top panel more, I found that it can get more sunlight thus making the window more useful as it is able to generate extra 12.5% more energy. However the improved solution gets rid of a lot of the key design features that the paneled window contained and the panels start to look more integrated into the wall rather than the window itself.

Sketches!Initial development !

In this sketch I wanted to see how my newly designed windows would look on an actual building which I’ve came up with using some of my initial ideas. I think the windows give a nice highlight to the structure and it strongly indicates the size and place of each window.

3D Model!Initial eco house outcome !

•  In this initial outcome I’ve included my ‘solar window’ frame and solar thermal panels which lay on the slanted roof.

•  The slanted roof also directs the water onto the right side of the building, where a container at the bottom lays to capture all the water, which can be re-use to water the plants or vegetables in the ‘mini farm’.

Grey water!

Spado is a partner based, interdisciplinary planning office, which works in the fields of architecture, landscape and project developments. spatial concepts are developed in intensive dialogues with clients and partners, which base on a holistic approach to combine individual circumstances with economic and aesthetic aims.  a exercised team assures the professional and efficient realization of the projects.

WHO ARE SPADO?!Architecture Company!

Built in 2011 !Commercial office in St. Veit, Austria which was built in 2011 by Spado Architects is an ordinary 2 floor block design, however not until you look at the north excavated area where you find the third floor hiding underneath the ground level.

COMERCIAL OFFICE !St. Veit, Austria !The aim of this design is to develop a new headquarter from which the activities of all three departments can be controlled. The building is framed by a pine-lined green space which underlines the archaic character of the building.

Exterior Design!St. Veit, Austria !

The design of this structure is very simple, similarly to the Hous.E+ by ‘Polifactory’ it is square and it relies heavily on the material to give detail to the structure. This building by Spado Architects may fit in nicely in the winter, however when the snow is gone it can make the building look like a giant white box stuck in a green environment where colors don’t really match.

INTERIOR DESIGN!St. Veit, Austria !

White sealing, black floor and green glass features is the main theme that runs in this buildings’ interior. However the randomly dotted lights could have been included more nicely to give a better overall finish.

GROUND FLOOR !Conference Room !

The terrain in the north is excavated: A public area outside is connected with the inner space however the conference room is limited with daylight. On the ground floor a central contact point distributes the visitors to their needed places. The building can be entered via an asphalted surface, which continues in the open zones inside with mastic asphalt.

TOP FLOOR !Management Area!

Upstairs, the rooms for the management and commercial management offer stunning views into Austrian landscapes. Larger windows on the top floor also let in the maximum daylight which contributes well to the managing staff. There is plenty of space in the middle square so that if an elevator is needed it could be installed in the later future.

Middle FLOOR !Main Office Spaces!

The middle floor is clearly aimed at normal office workers. They are in the center of everything so that they could operate well with the management upstairs and exchange/present work in the conference room located just below on the ground floor. The square space with staircase allows this to happen smoothly.

Spado Architects !

Similarities !

Similarities are quiet clear between ‘Polifactory’ Hous.E+ and Spados’ commercial office. Both run a simple square design that relies heavily on the exterior color and material to make the structure unique. Furthermore both structure sit in a nice looking environment and both blend nicely with environment’s colors.

POLIFACTORY!Architecture | Design | Culture

DIFFERENCES

The differences are also quiet obvious too for example; •  The Hous.E+ has no windows so the interior can’t indulge

nicely with the background mountains. •  The difference in material is also seen, Spados’ office space

uses smoothly painted concrete whereas the Hous.E+ uses technically compressed wood.

•  Last but not least Spados’ office spaces don’t make their own energy whereas the Hous.E+ can make more energy than it can consume.

Square Shape Design!Discovered!

Sustainability!Definition !

Capable of being maintained at a steady level without exhausting natural resources or causing severe ecological damage.

JTP Architects !Sustainable Office Refurbishment: !Investing in the Initiative !

Solar thermal panels that heat up the water was planned in JTP Architects project brief along with photovoltaic panels that generate electricity in order to come up with a “innovative” and “truly” sustainable office environment. The downside of Solar thermal panels is that there is less heat generated during winters.

Solar collector

Controller

To taps

Tank

Pump

Cold water feed

BOILER

Solar thermal panels !Heating up water!

As you can see from the diagram, the whole cylinder volume can be heated through solar. However the boiler is only able to heat the upper part of the cylinder. The reason for this is very simple: heat rises. The hottest part of a hot water cylinder is always the top. Cylinders are affected by a process called 'thermal stratification.' The heat within the water 'stratifies' or 'layers' with the hottest layer at the top of the cylinder. This is why the hot water draw-off points on hot water cylinders are always at the top. The challenge that this twin-coil system presents is that you have to bear in mind that in Winter, when the amount of solar gain to be had is very low, you will be relying on the boiler for your hot water, so your new twin coil cylinder will need to be between 1 and a half and 2 times as big as your hot water needs.

Michael Green has developed an innovative wooden tower for Vancouver that could spark a renaissance in using wood to build urban high-rise projects. If realized, Green’s Tallwood tower could be one of the greatest skyscrapers in the world – and at 30 stories, perhaps the tallest of its kind. Best of all, Green has documented his research and design specifications and generously published the results in an open source paper – a kind of instruction manual for building really tall wooden buildings.  

The Tall Wood project is part of a small but distinguished group of ‘woodscrapers’ proposed for everywhere from Norway and Austria all the way to Australia. Green’s vision was inspired by the sheer amount of energy required to create the materials for a common building – most of which must be sourced long distances. Canadian forests, if well managed, can produce an abundance of raw carbon sequestering materials to build our cities. While Green’s proposal is for a 30 story tower, he thinks that taller buildings could result from more research.

The primary structure of the Tall Wood building is made from Laminated Strand Lumber beams instead of steel. The beams are made from strips of smaller wood fibers that are glued and set under pressure – the process is similar to how common oriented strand board sheets are made. The wooden tower may seem like a fire hazard, but in reality it is actually safer than steel. When exposed to fire, large timbers develop a charred exterior that insulates the structural wood underneath. In fact, the weakest point in a fire is the steel connection from the beams to the supporting posts.

Wooden Skyscraper !Michael Green !“The wooden tower may seem like a fire hazard, but in reality it is actually safer than steel. When exposed to fire, large timbers develop a charred exterior that insulates the structural wood underneath. In fact, the weakest point in a fire is the steel connection from the beams to the supporting posts.” •  Wood burns at a rate of 0.7 mm per minute

(this is 4.20 cm per hour). •  Wood does not lose its mechanical

characteristics under the effect of temperature.

•  Any sections which are not burned after one hour continue to hold up to the loads imposed.

•  Further, wood is one of the most ecologically perfect materials.

     

Wooden Skyscraper !Michael Green !

Eco house!Development!

I decided to develop my eco house design so that it has more space . The main visual difference is the extension of the back wall and relocation of the windows.      

Extension  

Eco house!Model development!

Models helped to define the final shape of an Eco house. The main design feature is two rectangle colliding to combine into a single shape and structure.      

Structural Frame!Structural development!

Structural Frame!installation & insulation!

500  millimeters    

The thickness of the walls not only cover up the needed structural poles, but also it provides enough space for good insulation. In addition the thickness of the walls can be converted into some storage areas such as built in wardrobes and shelves. The frames would be made out of steel to provide stability and strength. Using two sheets of wood on each side of wood poles would cover up the wooden poles that connect and stabilize the steel frame. Then an extra sheet of wood is used for the exterior and plaster is used for the interior to give a smooth look. In addition the white walls would allow buyers to customize the way they want so that the structure would become more personal to them.

Eco house +!plan  

scale  

Eco house +!Exterior !

Eco house +!Interior !The house consists of two floors. Each room is averagely sized to suit every type of family. Two bedrooms and a study which can also be converted into a third bedroom if required really show the simplicity and the target audience that this structure is aiming at. In addition a reasonably sized garden allow kids and family enjoy the outdoor facilities. Thick walls provide good insulation and lots of storage area for everyday needs. The kitchen overlooks both the living room and the garden making a safe house for families that have children. Due to the good insulation and solar paneled windows it means that this house is cheap to run, these potential features would attract many interest and gain customer satisfaction.

Stacking !Research – The Cube!

The Cube is an impressive new project in Beirut already expected for completion in 2013, on its 3600m2 it will house 19 apartments and this small residential tower will be 50m high.

Stacking !Experimenting!

My initial eco house design was also suitable for stacking, however in the process I had to remove the roof and add a staircase that spiral around the building. The staircase is located inside and has no windows therefore it is not visible from outside.

Stacking !Inspiration – Primary photos!

Some sketches that I’ve produced based from the inspired furniture picture that I’ve taken at the V&A Museum in London.

•  The slanting design could possibly be located in a more closed and space constricted are such as New York

•  The wider design which is not as tall could be located on a more open area.

Eco Flat +!Final model !

•  There are 14 ‘Eco House +’ houses in this model.

•  Each ‘Eco House +’ may or may not have an extra window, however they are all the same in size including the gardens.

•  Each house could be painted differently for customer customization and preference.

•  The design is not only sustainable and environmentally friendly but also it helps promote the community and helps socialize better with the neighbors.

•  The design also offers many customization points

Eco Slanting Flat +!Location: New York City !

•  This more compact design suits my brief more as it is able to hold 40 ‘Eco House +’ houses in one block located in New York City.

•  80% of the building uses wood, the other 10% is steel for structure and other 10% is for insulation and decoration purposes.

•  The design compliments two 20 housed structures shooting up into the skyline of New York providing in total 40 homes for different families to enjoy the new American dream lifestyle.

•  With large gardens families are able to deploy large swimming pools to suit their lifestyles even more.