A2 PE

1)1) To understand what athletes need to To understand what athletes need to take into consideration in the short take into consideration in the short period before competition period before competition

2)2) To understand the meaning of To understand the meaning of ‘ergogenic aids’ and the different ‘ergogenic aids’ and the different componentscomponents

3)3) To be able to give practical examples of To be able to give practical examples of technological aids during short-term technological aids during short-term preparation of sportpreparation of sport

“short-term” – the time immediately before competition; hours or days before

Technical sports such as skiing and cycling often involve large teams of people

Large amounts of kit and equipment are often involved

Climate

Playing surface

Indoor/outdoor

Protection/risk of injury

Players should wear kit that helps them maintain their core body temperature. For example the use of skins/compression clothing.

Key climatic factors that may affect performance:1) temperature

2) UV exposure 3) humidity 4) wind

Further Reading - Text book page 44/45 and make notes

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NIncQXsE52E

Key Term – Thermoregulation

The ability to maintain body temperature within certain boundaries, even when the surrounding temperature is very different.

Key Term – Venous ReturnThe amount of blood returning to the heart (via the veins)

Use the information you gained from the video to describe the physiological benefits of compression clothing.

Can you think of any other benefits (other than physiological) that short term technological preparation my have on an athlete?

“Substances or devices that enhance energy production, use or recovery, and provide athletes with a competitive

advantage” (Ahrendt, 2001)

Used in order to enhance physical power, mental strength or mechanical edge; preventing the onset of fatigue

Types of ergogenic

aids

mechanical

chemical

psychological

physiological

Athletes use simple and common mechanical aids such as heart rate monitors, or more complex aids such as hypoxic chambers. (low-oxygen chamber)

Why is this short-term?

More common mechanical aid is the stream lined swimsuit…..HOWEVER…..

NATURALLY OCCURRING PRODUCTS

Example : ginseng

CHEMICAL COPIESExample : creatine

monohydrate

KEY TERM :

Ginseng – a natural extract and one of the oldest sports supplements. It benefits glycogen synthesis (the process of turning glycogen to ATP) and allows an athlete to train and compete for longer and at a higher intensity

KEY TERM :

Creatine monohydrate – is a powder that is taken with fluids that boosts levels of amino acid, helps maintain energy levels for longer and enhances ATP-PC energy pathway

Techniques such as sports massage and acupuncture

Acupuncture is very controversial as it is not proven to benefit a performer

It involves inserting and manipulating needles into certain points on the body to relieve pain and for therapeutic purposes

Include the use of imagery, music and hypnosis

KEY TERM :

Hypnosis – a wakeful state of focused attention and heightened suggestibility with diminished peripheral awareness.

Dietary and nutritional supplementsDrugs

There are 3 main factors that influence the legality of an ergogenic substance:Physical Enhance the performance of the

athleteBe detrimental to the athletes health (or

potentially lethal)Conflict with the general spirit of sport.

Can you think of any specific times where you have experienced short-term technological preparation?

How did this benefit you?