aam didattica diploma london 10-11 project

8/13/2019 Aam Didattica Diploma London 10-11 Project

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PROJECT


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Accademia di Architettura, Mendrisio

London Diploma 2011

Project


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Contents

5 Introduction14 Historical development of Londons urban structure16 High Street analytical study28 Design for London - London plan30 Projects location34 Reading list and credits


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Introduction

As an urban phenomenon London resists simple description. It is a city that hasalways placed the greatest emphasis on economic rather than civic consideration.

Its geographical position is significant in terms of its capacity to growfreely: unlike most significant European cities, since the Middle Ages London hasnot been restricted by the need to organise itself within the confines of defensivewalls. Its position on an island and its relationship to the Thames freed it fromthis constraining condition. In fact, the presence of the city wall in the currentopen structure of the city is almost negligible. London has therefore been able toexpand in an unconstrained manner, and this helps explain the low density that hashistorically characterised it.

The end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century witnessed thebuilding of what we now understand as urban London, an agglomeration whichlacks a single centre, as it developed around the city of London and the City ofWestminster and absorbed numerous smaller settlements in the process. In thelate 19th and early 20th century suburban growth occurred, supported by theexpansion of the London underground system. During the Georgian period, awillingness on the part of the significant landowners to develop their land led tothe establishment of the residential structure of central London. An open urbanconcept employing squares and terraces within a loose geometric structureemerged. The urban framework of the city was adjusted where necessary to

adpt to existing topographic conditions, water courses, existing buildings andsettlements. Later, the arrival of the principal railway terminals in the 19th centuryhad an unprecedented impact on Londons infrastructure. Roman roads have for 2000 years provided a structuring presence inLondon, creating a radial network leading out of London. They have had and willcontinue to have a role as a foundation for Londons growth and development.They provide the few organising character around which the London Diploma workis organised. These historically significant roadways hold the potential to structurea large scale urban investigation.

The development corridors selected for the London Diploma work are wellserved by transport infrastructure, as they were historically important routes in andout of the city centre. Numerous concentrations of business and trade activities

are located adjacent to these roadways in an almost parasitic manner. This is acondition that is not, of course, unique to London.The phrase high street is one that will be frequently used in relation to the

London Diploma work. The term refers to the principal street of a town or city. InGreater London alone there are 99 roads that are known as high street or highroad. These make up a small amount of the overall road length in London, some3.6%. However, what they lack in linear significance, is certainly compensated bytheir urban importance.

Much of the statistical information recorded in this document comes froma study commissioned by Design for London and undertaken by Gorst Scott,a London architectural practice. This work helps understand the context of theLondon Diploma work and certainly explains its significance and potential. It must

be stressed that the development corridors being studied by individual studios


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currently represent real locations for Londons urban densification anddevelopment.

The ambition of the London Diploma is that the work produced willbe useful as a form of research. The sum of the projects undertaken willrepresent an unparalleled study of the possibilities for Londons future. Theambition for the Diploma work is that every project addresses the existingand future needs of the place. Projects will need to be conceptuallyambitious, innovative but they should also be realistic, for this is what willmake them credible and therefore useful.

Twelve development corridors have been identified as examplesof the high street model described above. While they are ubiquitous asa typology, each has a unique character, and represents a physical andsocial section of London from the centre outwards.

No two studios will work on the same development corridor andno two students will work on the same site. As architects, we rarely havecontrol of where our work is sited and the same constraint applies here.

During the period between the Autumn semester 2010 and thecompletion of the London Diploma work in 2011 support will be offered tostudents in a number of ways. Design for London will act as a partner inour work, providing a knowledge base and infrastructural resources.

Members of the Design for London team will provide supportacting as studio guides for site visits. The Director of Design for London,Mark Brearley, will be running a series of presentations and workshopsduring the Autumn semester 2010. In addition to this, a lecture programmehas been organised to offer insights on a number of topics. The peopleinvited are experts in their field and attendance is mandatory. The timingof this lecture series has been considered so that the wider schoolcommunity can attend. Please do not be complacent about the value ofthese presentations, as you will be assessed on your understanding of theissues addressed. For every development corridor a detailed briefing document hasbeen produced. These identify not only the area of study, but locate and

catalogue every site (12 sites for each of the 12 development corridors,144 in total). More detailed data has been produced for every site,including information on the site location, its area, a general description,an indication of the buildings that should be retained and those that shouldbe demolished. It also gives information on the density your project shouldconform to and programmatic guidelines. Preparation of this work hasalready involved many hundreds of hours of work. Many, many kilometreshave been walked and many sites visited, and a degree of test planninghas been carried out.

The success of the London Diploma will rest on your ability tomeet the challenges and fulfil the ambition set out here. Remember that in2012 London will host the Olympic Games and the eyes of the world will

be on this city.


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1572

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Retail/officeland use


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Town Centredesignations


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Tables showing distribution of SHALAA and Brownfield opportunity sitesin relation to high streets( SHALAA from GLA database, Brownfield sites from LDA database)

Charts showing distribution of residential population in relation to highstreets


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Diagrams showing distribution of residential population in relation to highstreets


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Diagrams showing distribution of emplooyment and workplaces outsideCAZ


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Table showing distribution of employees and workplaces in London

Table showing number of business/employees on the casa-stuy highstreets:


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Population demographics for case study high streets


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List of the named high street or high roads in Greater London


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Design for London

Projects 2010

SHAPING LONDONS GROWTH

HIGH STREET LONDON

London Town Centres

London High Streets IncludingCAZ

London High Streets 200m Buffer

London High Streets 400m Buffer

LONDONS GREAT OUTDOORS

Development projects

Masterplans

Area Strategies

Public Space projects

Opportunity Areas

Central Activities Zone

Cross Rail

DLR extensions


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0 3km

1 Tottenham High Road 2 Kingsland Road 3 Whitechapel Road 4 Commercial Road 5 Old Kent Road 6 Borough High Street 7 Clapham Road 8 Wandsworth Road 9 Fulham Road

10 Uxbridge Road 11 Edgeware Road 12 Kentish Town Road


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Reading list

Statutory / legislativeLondon Housing Design Guide. Interim EditionLondon Development Agency, August 2010

The London Plan. Spatial Development Strategy for Greater LondonGreater London Authority, February 2004

Dow Jones Architects LLP and ArupRubbish in resources out. Design Ideas for waste facilities in LondonDesign for London, 2010

URHAHN Urban Design, AmsterdamIndustry in the city. A report for the London Development Agency & Greater London AuthorityArchitecture and Urbanism Unit, August 2006

East London Green Grid PrimerGreater London Authority, November 2006

What are we scared of? The value of risk in designing public spaceCABE Space

Creating successful neighbourhoods. Lessons and actions for Housing Market RenewalCABE

Start with the park. Creating sustainable urban green spaces in areas of housing growth andrenewalCABE Space, 2005

Reference

Roger Diener and Martin SteinmannThe house and the cityDiener & Diener Stdtbauliche Arbeiten / Urban Studies, 1995

Peter Ebner, Eva Herrmann, Roman Hollbacher, Markus Kuntscher and Ulrike WietzorrekTypology+ Innovative Residential ArchitectureBirkhuser, 2009

Peter GuilleryThe small house in Eigtheenth-Century LondonYale University Press, 2004


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Annette Hochberg, Jan-Henrik Hafke, Joachim Raab

Open/Close. Windows, Doors, Gates, Loggias, FiltersBurkhuser, 2009

John SummersonGeorgian LondonYale University Press, 2003

John SummersonArchitecture in Britain 1530-1830Yale University Press, 1993

Ben Weinreb, Christopher Hibbert et al

The London EncyclopaediaMacmillan, 1983

Peter AckroydLondon: The BiographyVintage, 2001

Iain SinclairLondon OrbitalPenguin Books, 2003

Anna MintonGround Control. Fear and Happiness in the Twenty-First-Century CityPenguin Books, 2009

Elaine HarwoodHousing the Twentieth Century NationTwentieth Century Society, 2008

Edward Jones and Christopher WoodwardA guide to the Architecture of LondonWeidenfeld & Nicolson, 2009

S. E. RasmussenLondon, the unique city1937

Joseph RykwertThe seduction of place. The History and Future of the CityOUP Australia and New Zealand, 2004

Matthew Aitchison (ed.)Nikolaus Pevsner Visual planning and the picturesque

aam didattica diploma london 10-11 project

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