A Specific application of SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition):

Feeder Automation System for Medium Voltage Distribution Networks of Istanbul

                                                               

Abdullah NadarTUBITAK-BILTENAnkara/TURKEY

TUBITAK-BILTEN

TUBITAK : The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey

BILTEN : Information Technologies and Electronics Research Institute

It was founded in 1985 works on numerous national projects funded by industry and the public sector as well as many international joint research projects in the fields of information technologies and electronics.

The organization consists of 12 different research groups and 210 personnel. 120 personnel are highly qualified full-time engineers.

TUBITAK-BILTEN

TUBITAK-BILTEN12 Project Groups

• Applied Software Development Group• Communication Systems Group• Electronic System Design Group• Information Society Policies, E-Commerce and Inf.Security Group• Intelligent Energy Conversation Group• Internet and Multimedia Technologies Group• Organization, Information and Project Monitoring Group• Power Electronics Group• Hardware Development & Power System Group• Satellite Technologies Group• Signal Processing and Remote Sensing Group• VLSI Design Group

• SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) Main Projects:

• MV Electricity Distribution Master Plan of Istanbul City• Fider Otomation Project for Istanbul Electricity Distribution

• Power Systems Capability:• To perform the analysis of electricity generation,

transmission and distribution systems. • To use PSS/E “Power System Simulator for Engineers”,

ATP “Alternative Transient Program”, EMTP “Electro Magnetic Transient Program”

TUBITAK-BILTEN Hardware Development and Power Systems Group

TUBITAK-BILTEN Hardware Development and Power Systems Group

• Some Projects of Power Systems• Sub-Synchronous Resonance (SSR)

Analysis for Adapazari-Gebze NGCC (1999) and Iskenderun Power Plants (2001)

• Feasibility and Evaluation Study of Electricity Interconnection of Turkey with Balkan Pool and UCTE (2000) and Primer Frequency Control Performance Tests and Network Frequency Analysis (2003)

• High Power Transmision Lines Over Voltage Swiching Analysis for Turkey-Georgia (2004)

• Performance Tests and Network Frequency analysis of Power Plants (2004)

The specific application of SCADA for European side of Istanbul Mid-Voltage (MV)

Distribution Network

Feeder Automation System

Why did we need “Feeder Automation System”?

The utility decide to only 34.5 kV MV distribution instead of the two Mid-Voltage levels, 34.5 kV and 10.5 kV, which are used in Istanbul’s distribution network to be purified due to the losses of two times transformation, difficulties in operation, and increase in costs.

Why did we need “Feeder Automation System”?

•The 34.5 kV MV distribution able to serve three times more power for the same crossectional area of 10.5 kV underground cable.• Easily operated ring system• But, there was a disadvantages as; Three times more subscribers are effected if a fault occurs.

Why did we need “Feeder Automation System”?

Solution:

“Feeder Automation System”

System Components can be classified into three groups:

1.      Data Collection

2.      Remote Control

3. Fault Identification and De-energization

Feeder Automation

Data Collection

• Collects Data and DigitizesCollects Data and Digitizes

• Transmits Data via Fiber Optic Cables Transmits Data via Fiber Optic Cables

• Regional Control Center Gets the DataRegional Control Center Gets the Data

RTU TypesRTU Types

• DTTU: (Distribution Transformer Terminal Unit) used in Distribution Stations.

• LETU: (Line End Terminal Unit) used in Switching Stations.

• STU: (Substation Terminal Unit) Substation’s remote terminal units.

• CCTU: (Control Centre Terminal Unit) used in Control Centre.

Network ArchitectureNetwork Architecture

Work Station Control Center

CCTUCCTULoop

STU STU

STU Loop STU Loop

LETU

LETULETU LETU

LETU

LETU

DTTU DTTU

DTTU

DTTUDTTU

DTTU

DTTU

Data Collection

• Distribution TransformerDistribution Transformer• LV Fuse On/Off PositionLV Fuse On/Off Position• Loadbreak Switch On/Off PositionLoadbreak Switch On/Off Position• Buckholz RelayBuckholz Relay• Thermometer RelayThermometer Relay• Thermic RelayThermic Relay

A Sample Distribution Transformer Centre

Remote Control

Remote Control

• Distribution Transformers

• Loadbreak Switches

• 154/34.5 kV Substations

• Circuit Breakers

Communication Network Structure

Automatic Fault Detection and Isolation

• Fault on feeder or distribution transformer• Is detected,• Exact position is found,• Position of fault is isolated

automatically by open and close actions• Position of fault and isolation actions

are sent to control centre in order to be followed by operators.

• Due to wish of operator the non-energised feeders are energised again; • Completely automatic• semi-automatic(some part by system,

the other by operator• completely by the operator (manually)

Automatic Fault Detection and Isolation

LETUDTTU

DTTU DTTU

DTTU

DTTU

DTTUDTTUDTTU

LETU

DTTU

154/34.5 kV

154/34.5 kV

Fiber Optic Cable

Automatic Fault Detection and Isolation

CB

154/34.5 kV

154/34.5 kV

CB

34.5/0.4 kV

Automatic Fault Detection and Isolation

CB

154/34.5 kV

154/34.5 kV

CB

34.5/0.4 kV

Automatic Fault Detection and Isolation

CB

154/34.5 kV

154/34.5 kV

CB

34.5/0.4 kV

Automatic Fault Detection and Isolation

CB

154/34.5 kV

154/34.5 kV

CB

34.5/0.4 kV

Automatic Fault Detection and Isolation

CB

154/34.5 kV

154/34.5 kV

CB

34.5/0.4 kV

Automatic Fault Detection and Isolation

Alternative Communication Types For DAS

• Some examples of communication methods for a distribution automation system;• Power line carrier(PLC)• Telephone lines• GSM lines • Communication by radio frequency• Fiber optic cables

• Since Fiber optic cable and power cable installation made together, the fiber optic was chosen for the communication system.

Other Choosing Reasons

• Do not suffer from the electromagnetic env.s.

• Supplies wide bandwidth.

• Do not suffer from lightning.

• No need for licence.

• No cross talk problem.

• Minimised dimensions

• No danger of fire when short circuited.

Regional Control Centre Requirements

• Remote Control using select-before-operate,

• Remote Control using direct-operate,

• Automatic fault isolation within at most 1 minute time interval,

• Monitoring of fault locations in the Control Centre,

• Monitoring of any change-of-status events by the Control Centre.

Regional Control Centre Requirements

Regional Control Centre Responsibilities

• Records the events with time occurrence,• Interacts with other computer networks,• Runs programs as Energy Management

System (EMS) and Distribution Management System (DMS).

Regional Control Centre

Regional Control Centre Operator

• Control Centres are controlled by the experienced operators,• Should know the Distribution System as

a whole,• Should know the Control Centre

Software,• Regional Control Centre is a Man Machine

Interface between the operators and the Distribution System.

Regional Control Centre Summary

• Regional Control Centre is a place in which all data is :• collected;• recorded;• edited;• analysed;• and displayed• by control of operators.

Regional Control Centre MMI

• Feeder DiagramsFeeder Diagrams

• Inside of a substationInside of a substation

Regional Control Centre MMI

Regional Control Centre MMI

The Application

• By considering that this system is an feeder automation system, it is the first and only.

• The time taken to find the place of a fault is not more than 40 sec.

• The system is in usage at Istanbul Levent, Yeni Bosna and Sagmalcilar Regional distribution networks.

• Now system running on about 400 trasformer centers totally at Istanbul.

The Application

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93733B02

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380907D5

HÜRRIYETTEPESI

93633B04

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150 mm

CENDERE

Levent-BKM FIDER OTOMASYON SEMASITÜD SIS

91223C08

96453C09

96513C0A

91283C07

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93203B07

90053B06

91913AA0

91333B05

TARIH

83F212

83ED2

2

9334

K

9336

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150 mm83E8

1

2

K

3

2

90063C13

91523C14

93393C16

96383C17

93483C18

94373AA4

93273C00

91853AA3

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LEVENT

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2150 mm

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MG

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ALIBEYKÖY

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93823C05

90103A98

91443A99

93333B09

96653A9A

91483A9B

90243A9C

92063B08

34.5 kV Kablo

Fiber Optik Kablo04/ 05 / 2004 Enerjisiz Bina Tipi Yeni Merk.Mevcut Kösk Tipi Merkezler

Mevcut Merkezler

317807E8

PK

382907E9

379507E6

385707E7

359707E5

318607E4

93983B0A

ARNAVUTKÖY

Otomasyona Alinmayacak Merkezler

150 mm

357407F5

392207F4

384507F3

358680E1

1

83F7

150 mm

1

2

2

363707E3

2

ETILER

A0C8

332207ED

32810801

306607EB

390607EC

G

G

32380903

390507EE

2150 mm

342107EF

80D22

348907D3

379307D4

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384207D2

31770900

330107D0

356907D1

32890800 150 mm

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2

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33570802

363907F1

32840803

392907F0

383007DF

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2150 mm

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150 mm

150 mm1

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2

1

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Enerjili Bina Tipi Yeni Merk.

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95633C15

83F82

1

2

83F3

1

2

1

1

1

1

9335

150 mm 2

95813C19

3748

The Application – Levent RCC

69636F3

1800936F4

51036F136F0

28436F2681

BAGCILAR GIS

8BEA 8BEF

AC1C 8BE58BBD

YENIBOSNA SALT

8BC88BC0

ABB8

8BE0

CBB8

8BC3 8BC4

36E931002

31037

314643713

314843714

31140

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36C4310943802

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BAHÇELIEVLER GIS

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370818030

36F618023

36F71801518016

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36F918043

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36FF18512

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370118513

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(iST.EVLERi)

36E831001 31479

36E7417

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36E6813

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36E4548

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PPP

MG MGG

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MG36D6027

Fiber Optik Kablo

34.5 kV KabloHavai HatMevcut Merkezler

Enerjili Bina Tipi Yeni Merkezler (2)Enerjisiz Yeni Merkezler (1)

Kösk Tipi MerkezlerOtomasyona Alinan Bina Tipi Yeni Merkezler (1)TARIH 22 / 08 / 2003Yenibosna-BKM FIDER OTOMASYON SEMASITÜD SIS Otomasyona Alinan Kösk Tipi Yeni Merkezler (1)

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150 mm 2

150 mm 2 150 mm 2 240 mm 2

150 mm2

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240 mm 2 240 mm 2

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150 mm2

150 mm2

150 mm2

240 mm2

240 mm 2

712

3910

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3911

3914

3913 3912

39153916

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390B390C390D

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Otomasyona Alinan Bina Tipi Yeni Merkezler (2)Otomasyona Alinan Kösk Tipi Yeni Merkezler (2)

Enerjili Yeni Kösk Tipi Merkezler (2)

P

P

P P P P P

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150 mm 2150 mm 2

391B 391C 391D 391E 391F 3920 3921391A

3919

3918 3917

8BED 8BEB

The Application – Y.Bosna RCC

8DB6 8DB182250FB4

82260FB3

82800FB2

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80450FB0

84150FAF

87710FAE

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80350FA0

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2 1 12

SAGMALCILAR

G

G

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Fiber Optik Kablo

34.5 kV KabloTARIH

Sagmalcilar-BKM FIDER OTOMASYON SEMASITÜD SIS

ADAC

1

3

CDAC2

3 1

EDAC

2

8DBB1

18DAC

2

2

82330FC1

MALTEPE

240 mm2

240 mm2

2240 mm

240 mm2

80810FD4

88260FD5

87460FD6

84200FD0

84240FD1

87540FD2

87530FD3

K

K

17 / 11 / 2003 Mevcut Bina Tipi Merkezler

Mevcut Kösk Tipi Merkezler

The Application – Sagmalcilar RCC

Results

• To control the consumption of the electric energy and to handle effective usage of the energy.

• Quick and easy fault detection, isolation and energising again.

• Automatic or operator controlled isolation.• Remote control ability with open/close

function for the operator at control center.

Conclusions

• When completed, this system is going to provide to the utility the following benefits:

• Improved customer service and system reliability through reduction in duration of power-off,

• Reduced manual sectionalizing expenses in system switching operations,

• Improved utilization of available substation transformer and distribution line capacity,

• Improved circuit, deciding for better planning, design and operations.

Thanks for your attention ...Thanks for your attention ...