ability beyond disability~ understanding accessibility hnielsen final

© 2012 IBM Corporation

Ability Beyond Disability: Understanding Accessibility

Holly Nielsen, Social Media Manager Human Ability and Accessibility Center October 15, 2012

2 © 2012 IBM Corporation

Overview

• National Disability Employment Awareness Month • What is accessibility? • Four main categories of disabilities • How communications professionals can reach target

audiences of individuals with disabilities with inclusive communications

• How diversity works for effectiveness and success both internally and externally

© 2012 IBM Corporation 3

National Disability Employment Awareness Month


Background

• 1945: Enacted by Congress, Public Law 176 designated the first week in October each year as "National Employ the Physically Handicapped Week."

• 1962: The word "physically" was removed from the week's name to acknowledge the employment needs of all Americans with disabilities.

• 1988: Congress expanded the week to the month of October and changed its name to "National Disability Awareness Month," which eventually evolved to its current name.

• 2001: The Labor Department's Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP) took over responsibility for National Disability Employment Awareness Month.


"Employers who ensure that inclusive workplace policies and practices are woven into the fabric and culture of the organization create an environment that

encourages all workers — including those of us with disabilities — to work to their full capacity and contribute fully to the organization's success.”

Kathy Martinez, assistant secretary of labor for disability employment policy


What is accessibility?


Accessibility extends the capabilities of technology

to accelerate social innovation and create shared value for

all the citizens of our Smarter Planet.

Accessibility: It’s about all of us.


Accessibility


Who’s affected by accessibility?


The People of a Smarter Planet

Total Global Population: 7+ billion people

Of these…

6 billion have a cell phone

1+ billion are mobile workers

1.2+ billion are people with disabilities

600+ million are over the age of 60

900+ million have low literacy or are illiterate

Fewer than half speak 1 of the 10 major “link languages” as their primary language.

5 billion have never used the Internet.

1 billion have used the Internet for less than 5 years.

Environment


2025: 60+ segment grows to 20% in most industrialized nations

Under 5% 5% to 12.4% 12.5% to 20% Above 20%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau

Global Population Demographics

The Age Wave:


• Decreasing working-age population • Retirement of baby-boomers

Ratio of Young Workers to Elderly

1990

5.9

2010

2.8

2030

1.9

2050

1.4

Source: United Nations, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision

(%)

0

10

20

30

40

1990 2010 2030 2050

Japan

U.S.

Europe

China

India

2011 2030

Percentage aged 65 or over (%)

Advent of a super-aged society


Aging and Disability

1 in 4 people over age 50 have a disability

1 in 2 people over age 65 have a disability

1 in 3 people over age 65 have hearing loss

In general, the aging population:

• Does not consider itself disabled • Is less likely to seek out IT accommodations • Needs technology that is flexible, intuitive, usable and adaptive


Disabilities


Source: IBM - Images sourced from Google

Accessibility Issues by Disability Type


Accessibility: Everyday, Everyone, Everywhere

Situation Challenge Disability Equivalent Technology Need

Driving

Quiet Space

Hand / arm injury

Multitasking

Non-native language

Text-to-Speech

Speech- to-Text

Voice Recognition

Semantic / Search

Summarization

Translation / Transcription


U.N. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

153 signatories, 112 ratifications

Countries that have Ratified Algeria Argentina Armenia Austria *Australia Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Belgium Belize Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovnia Brazil Burkina Faso Bulgaria Cape Verde Canada Chile Cook Islands Colombia Costa Rica China Croatia Cuba Cypress Czech Republic Denmark Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Ethiopia European Union France Gabon Germany Grenada Guatemala Guinea Haiti Honduras Hungary India Indonesia Iran Jamaica Japan Jordan Italy N. Ireland Kenya Laos Latvia Lesotho Lithuania Luxemburg Macedonia Malaysia Maldives Malawai Mali Maritania Mauritius Mexico Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Oman Pakistan Panama Paraguay Philippines Peru Portugal Qatar Republic of Moldova Romania Rwanda Romania Saint Vincent and Grenadines San Marino Saudi Arabia Seychelles Serbia Sierra Leone Slovakia Slovenia S. Africa S. Korea Spain Sudan Sweden Syrian Arab Republic Thailand Togo Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Uganda UK Ukraine United Republic of Tanzania Uruguay Vanuatu Yemen Zambia

The first universal framework for accessibility of information and communications technologies


Inclusive Technology Asset Integration

Legislation Year Passed Month

U.S.

A.D.A. Web Accessibility 2013 TBD

Section 508 Refresh (U.S. Rehabilitation Act)

2012 Q4

U.N. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (U.N.C.R.P.D.)

2012 December (Ratification)

Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act (C.V.A.A.)

2010 October

A.D.A. Amendment Act 2008 September

Section 255 (Telecommunications Act) 1999 September 1999

Americans with Disabilities Act (A.D.A.) 1990 July

Regional (Non-U.S.)

European Accessibility Act (European Union)

2012 2012 - Introduction

Canadian Federal Government Common Look and Feel guidelines 2.0 (CLF 2.0)

2011 August

E.U. Mandate 376 (European Union) 2005 December

Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (Canada)

2005 May

Implement thru 2021

Global

U.N.C.R.P.D. 2010 May 2010

Global Legislation


Inclusive Communications


Top Do’s and Don’ts of Inclusive Communications

Do not use color to convey meaning

Add ‘Alt’ text for relevant images, charts and graphs

Use text links instead of U.R.L.s

Provide sufficient contrast between background and text

Always spell check

Use people-first language


Say this Not this people with disabilities (PwD) the handicapped, the disabled

people without disabilities normal, healthy, whole or typical people

person who has a congenital disability person with a birth defect

person who has (or has been diagnosed with)... person afflicted with, suffers from, a victim of...

person who has Down syndrome Downs person, mongoloid, mongol

person who has (or has been diagnosed with) autism the autistic

person with quadriplegia, person with paraplegia, person diagnosed with a physical disability

a quadriplegic, a paraplegic

person with a physical disability a cripple

person of short stature, little person a dwarf, a midget

person who is unable to speak, person who uses a communication device

dumb, mute

people who are blind, person who is visually impaired the blind

person with a learning disability learning disabled

person diagnosed with a mental health condition crazy, insane, psycho, mentally ill, emotionally disturbed, demented

person diagnosed with a cognitive disability or with an intellectual and developmental disability

mentally retarded, retarded, slow, idiot, moron

student who receives special education services special ed student, special education student

person who uses a wheelchair or a mobility chair confined to a wheelchair; wheelchair bound

accessible parking, bathrooms, etc. handicapped parking, bathrooms, etc.

Examples of People-First Language

From Texas Council for Developmental Disabilities (TCDD) website

http://www.txddc.state.tx.us/resources/publications/pfanguage.asp


Tips for Accessible Presentations and Documents

Documents

Add document structure

Include document navigation

Avoid use of formatting as the only way to show meaning

Create accessible data tables

Presentations

Use predefined layouts and templates

Define reading order

Add speaker notes for complex images

Group complex images

Create accessible data tables

E-mail/Newsletters

Avoid use of tabbed newsletter formats

Provide text labels for buttons

Incorporate text hyperlinks vs. U.R.L.s

PDF documents Ensure source document is accessible

before converting to PDF

Tag document and define bookmarks

Use TouchUp Reading Order to add ‘Alt’ text and define reading order and document headings

Make U.R.L.s active links


Tips for Accessible Multimedia

Flash

Accessibility best achieved with an experienced developer

IBM Accessibility checklists for developers

Audio-only or Video-only content

Audio-only: Provide transcripts for people who are deaf or have hearing loss

Video-only: Provide an audio description or a full text alternative

Video

Incorporate open or closed captioning

If it is not possible to include captions, post a full text transcript with the video

Wikis, blogs & social media

Mainstream social channels (e.g., Facebook, Twitter) ALL have accessibility challenges

Regardless of channel, best practices for accessible content should be utilized

http://w3-03.ibm.com/able/devtest/web.html


Diversity & Success


Driving differentiation across lines of business

Diversity 3.0...is the point where we can take best advantage of our differences — for innovation.

Our diversity is a competitive advantage and consciously building diverse teams helps us drive the best results for our clients.

Source: ibm.com, “Valuing diversity,” http://www-03.ibm.com/employment/us/diverse/


The enterprise is evolving

20th Century

International Era – Exporting

Multinational Era – Replicating

21st Century

The globally-integrated enterprise – Business in a smart, connected world

IBM workforce: 400,000+ employees

• More than 50% mobile

• 170 countries

• 2,000 locations

• 50% with less than 5 years experience


New Work Paradigm:

The Mobile Worker

Working when and where I want…

• with information I need

• using any available connectivity type

• using any corporate-approved device

• with the support I need

Work is no longer a place!


A changing workforce:

Generational shifts unleash different work styles

Experienced Workers (age 50+)

Organizations’ wisdom and Intellectual capital

Mid-Career Workers (ages 35 - 50)

Essential professionals and middle managers

New Generation Workers (born after 1980)

Critical to long-term viability and innovation

Email Instant Messaging Social


Inclusion matters

In today’s social businesses, excluding any individual means leaving ideas, insight and opportunities on the table.

What’s impacted? Your ability to:

• Differentiate from competition

• Expand market reach

• Drive Innovation


Diversity & Inclusion

First IBM Fellow in Accessibility Chieko Asakawa IBM Research - Tokyo

• Joined IBM Research in 1985

• Generated 12 patents for IBM

• Member of Women in Technology Hall of Fame

• Developed Digital Braille System and 3 key applications

• Blind since age 14

Leader in Human Language Technologies Dimitri Kanevsky IBM Researcher & Master Inventor

• Generated 80 IBM patents

• Developed first uses of speech recognition technology over telephone as a communication aid for deaf users

• 2002 Science Accomplishment for Maximization Algorithms

• Deaf

What it means and why it works


Thank you!

IBM Research, Human Ability & Accessibility Center

Holly Nielsen [email protected] For more information about accessibility at IBM visit:

www.ibm.com/able

IBM Accessibility

IBMAccess

IBM Accessibility

Inclusive technology

It’s the new I.T.

@HollyNielsen

Holly Nielsen

Hooked on Social Networking

https://www.facebook.com/IBMAccessibility

https://twitter.com/IBMAccess

http://www.linkedin.com/groups/IBM-Accessibility-2419815/about

https://twitter.com/HollyNielsen

http://www.linkedin.com/in/hollynielsen

http://hookedonsocialnetworking.blogspot.com/

ability beyond disability~ understanding accessibility hnielsen final

Documents

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ibm corporation ability

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ibm corporation background

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national employ

accessibility holly