abo incompatibility and rhesus factors
DESCRIPTION
immunology class sessionTRANSCRIPT
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Blood Grouping and Related Diseases
Immunology course01-09-2015
Pepi, Resvi, Suzzane, & Arjan
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Blood grouping 35 blood group systems ABO system (surface antigen) & Rh system
(Transmembrane protein) ABO system : antigen A, B. blood typing :
A B AB O
Rh system : D antigen. Blood typing : Rh- & Rh+
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ABO Incompatibility
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Hemolytic disease of newborn : erythroblastosis
fetalis
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Rhesus D incompatibility Rhesus D negative
Asian population: <1% Caucasion population: 16%
During pregnancy you can find fetal red blood cells in the circulation of the mother First trimester in 3% of cases Second trimester: 12% Third trimester: 45% During delivery: 50%
Highest chance of sensitization during detachment of placenta after delivery!
In USA in Rhesus D negative women with a Rhesus D+ child only in 1 per 1000 births (0.1%) rhesus sensitization occurs!
Medscape.com; Liumbruno et al; Blood transfusion, 2010
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Diagnostical tests
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Diagnostical tests
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Prevention and treatment Antenatal Anti-D immunization
Small amount of anti-D anti-bodies are given to the mother >28th weeks of pregnancy
Self limiting in less severe cases Exchange transfusions in very severe cases
Medscape.com; Liumbruno et al; Blood transfusion, 2010
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ITP
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