absolutism jean bodin 16th c sovereign power in the state rests in the hands of a king who claims...
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Jacques Boussuet (1627 – 1704) Politics Drawn from the Very Words of Scripture Divine –right God ordained government and established kings Their authority is therefore absolute A Parliament has no authority – only GodTRANSCRIPT
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Absolutism – Jean Bodin 16th C
Sovereign power in the state rests in the hands of a King
who claims divine right
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Powers• Legislation• Taxation• Administration of justice• Execution of laws• Selection of state officials• Foreign policy
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Jacques Boussuet (1627 – 1704)
• Politics Drawn from the Very Words of Scripture
• Divine –right• God ordained government and
established kings• Their authority is therefore absolute• A Parliament has no authority – only
God
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Advance of Absolutism
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Cardinal Richelieu• Louis XIII• Amended Nantes
(no military)• Spies• Intendants• Taille• 30 years War
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Cardinal Marzarin• Louis XIV – age 4 1643• Deals with ….• End of Thirty Years War
(1648 – Westphalia)And…..
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The Fronde• 1st – Nobles of the Robe – Paris 1648 –
1649• 2nd Nobles of the Sword – countryside
1650 – 1652• Oppose increased taxation• Opposed increased power of the King• Demand Marzarin’s overthrow• Crushed by crown forces• Childhood trauma in formative years
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Louis XIV b1643 r 1661 – 1715
• One king on law one faith
• Edict of Fontainebleau• Destruction of
Huguenot churches/schools
• 200,000 emigrate
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Jean Babtist Colbert – Finance Minister
• 1619 – 1683• Mercantilist• French East India Co.• Increase in manufacture• Roads / canals• Luxuries industry• Tariffs on foreign goods• Merchant Marines• $$ used to make France an cultural leader
in Europe
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The Sun King – Louis’ strive toward absolutism
• "Messieurs," he announced, "I have gathered you here to tell you that henceforth I intend to rule my state alone."
• “L’etat c’est moi”• Versailles – secure location• 10,000 people• Nobility attends him always• Freed nobles from taxation – ends their
authority over the countryside• (commoners are the only one’s now taxed)• Intendants
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Foreign Policy• Expansion• Louis attempts to gain the balance of power• Expands into Hapsburg lands• Invasion of the Spanish Netherlands 1667• War of the Grand Alliance 1680’s League of
Augsberg / William III of Orange• War of the Spanish Succession – 1700• England, Dutch Republic the Hapsburgs,
Prussia, Hanover, Portugal• Utrecht – Spain & France would never be
united 1714• Asiento – increases Britains’s role in slave
trade
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Legacy
• Arts / literature glorify and promote French culture
• Huge debts from warfare• Weakening of noble role – increase in use
of commoners in government• Powerful French colonies
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• Colonial Empire• Louis and the arts