abstinence no sexual activity personal decision advantages: natural prevents pregnancy prevents...
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ABSTINENCENO SEXUAL ACTIVITY
PERSONAL DECISION
ADVANTAGES:• Natural• Prevents pregnancy• Prevents diseases• No cost• 100% effectiveness• Always with you
DISADVANTAGES:• Relationship conflicts
might occur
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MALE CONDOM
Barrier Method: Blocks sperm from egg
ADVANTAGES:
Reduces STD / HIV infections
Easy to obtain
Easy to use
Inexpensive ($1.00/condom)
Reduces cervical cancer in females
Disposable
DISADVANTAGES:
Possible irritations/allergic reactions
Could break or tear
Lessens the sensation
Could interrupt the momentEffectiveness: 86% (actual use) 97% (perfect use)
Obtain: OTC
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FEMALE CONDOMBarrier Method: Blocks sperm from egg
ADVANTAGES: Some STD protectionInexpensive ($3.00/condom)Can be worn up to 8 hoursEasy to obtainNo special storageFemale is in controlUsed in place of latexDISADVANTAGES:Noise during intercourseHard to insertCould lessen the sensationMore costly that male condomsMay cause irritations Effectiveness: 79% (actual use) 95% (perfect use)
Obtain: OTC
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IUD/IUS
Hormonal: Interferes with implantation, sperm passage, thickening of the uterine lining.
Advantages: Disadvantages:
Long term use (up to 12 years) NO STD/HIV PROTECTION
High effectiveness for pregnancy (99%)Insertion & removal requiredNot messy SpottingNo daily attention needed More difficult menstrual periodsInexpensive ( long term) Could slip out of placeObtain: Doctor or clinicCost: $500-$1000 (Mirena will cost more)
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THE BIRTH CONTROL PILLHormonal Method: Stops ovulation, thickens
cervical mucous plug-21 day or 28 day pill packets
ADVANTAGES:Reduce menstrual crampsMakes periods lighterSome protection against PIDHelps acneReduces risks for
endometrial & ovarian cancersovarian cystsPMS, headaches, depressionvaginal dryness & painful intercourseectopic pregnancies
DISADVANTAGES:NO STD/HIV PROTECTIONBleeding between periodsBreast tendernessNausea & vomitingAfter use- 1 to 2 months for menstrual cycle
to return to normalMedical Concerns:
heart attack, stroke, blood clots, liver tumors, gallstones, jaundice, high blood pressure
Effectiveness: 95%-97% (Pregnancy)
Obtain: Dr./Clinic
Cost:$25-$45/month plus doctor visits ($150- $200) $600-$700/yearCombination Pills: Estrogen & Progestin
Mini Pill:Progestin Only
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ORTHO-EVRA (THE PATCH)Hormonal Method: Stops ovulation ,thickens
cervical mucous plug-1 patch per week
Advantages:Use once a weekRegulates menstrual cycleSafe, simple, convenientHealth benefits similar to the Pill
Disadvantages: NO STD/HIV PROTECTIONBleeding between periodsBreast tendernessNausea & vomitingSkin irritation where patch is placedSerious health risks similar to Pill
Effectiveness: 99%(Pregnancy)
Obtain: Dr./Clinic
Cost:$35-$45/month plus doctor visits ($150-&200) $700-$800/year
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NUVA-RING (THE VAGINAL RING)Hormonal Method: Stops ovulation, thickens
cervical mucous plug -1 ring per month
ADVANTAGES:
Use one a month
Regular or lighter menstrual flows
Same health benefits as the Pill
DISADVANTAGES:
NO STD/HIV PROTECTION
Bleeding between periods
Breast tenderness
Nausea and vomiting
Vaginal discharge, irritation,
infections
Similar disadvantages as the Pill
Effectiveness: 99% (Pregnancy)
Obtain: Dr./Clinic
Cost: $35-$45/month plus doctor visit ($150-$200) $700-$800/year
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DEPO-PROVERA (INJECTION)Hormonal Method: Stops ovulation, thickens
cervical mucous plug- shot every 3 months
ADVANTAGES:
Simple to use
Taken once every 3 months
Contains no estrogen
Reduces endometrial cancer
DISADVANTAGES:
NO STD/HIV PROTECTION
Irregular bleeding
Skipped or no menstrual flows
Depression
Headaches, nervousness, dizziness
Effectiveness: 99%(Pregnancy)
Obtain: Dr./Clinic
Cost: $75/shot plus doctor visits $600/year
(Doctor Visits:$150-$200 plus $20-$40 each shot visit)
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IMPLANON ( IMPLANT)Hormonal Method: Stops ovulation ,thickens
cervical mucous plug-up to 3 years protection
ADVANTAGES:Contains no estrogenLong lasting pregnancy protection Nothing to take or change for 3 yearsHigh effectiveness in pregnancy protection
DISADVANTAGES:NO STD/HIV PROTECTIONNot readily available yetCostLonger, heavier periodsPain at insertion siteDiscoloring or scarring at insertion site
Effectiveness: 99%(Pregnancy)
Obtain: Dr./Clinic
Cost: $400-$800 insertion
$100-$300 removal($500-$1100 for full term use)
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DIAPHRAGMBarrier Method: Blocks sperm from egg
ADVANTAGES:Can last up to 2 yearsEasy to carryNo effect on female’s naturalhormonesCan be inserted before sexual activity
DISADVANTAGES:NO STD/HIV PROTECTIONDifficult to insertMay be pushed out of placeMay need to be refittedCan cause ulcerationsCan cause irritation, urinary tractinfectionsMust be used with spermicide
Effectiveness: 88%(actual)-94%(perfect)
Obtain: Dr./Clinic
Cost: up to $300 includes doctor visits
and spermicidal kits
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FEMCAPBarrier Method: Blocks sperm from egg
ADVANTAGES:
Last up to 2 years
Easy to carry
Can be inserted 6 hours before
sexual activity
Can be used while breastfeeding
Immediately reversible
DISADVANTAGES:
NO STD/HIV PROTECTION
Difficult to insert
Refitting
Needs to be cleaned after use
May shift out of place during sexual activity
Only 3 sizes available (S,M,L)
Effectiveness: 86% (never given birth) 79% (given birth)
Obtain: Dr./Clinic
Cost: up to $300 includes doctor visits
and spermicidal kit
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“TODAY” SPONGE
Barrier Method: Blocks sperm from egg
ADVANTAGES:Can be wore up to 30 hours before sexual activityCan be used during breastfeedingEasy to carryImmediately reversibleInexpensiveDISADVANTAGES:NO STD/HIV PROTECTIONRisk of TSSDifficult to insertCan be messyVaginal irritationVaginal drynessEffectiveness: 88% (actual) 91% (perfect)
Obtain: OTC
Cost: $3.00-$5.00/sponge
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SPERMICIDEBarrier Method: Blocks sperm from egg,
kills sperm
ADVANTAGES:
Good back up method
Cheap
OTC
DISADVANTAGES:
NO STD/HIV PROTECTION
Messy
Must reapply for next
encounter
Must stay in 6-8 hours after use
Could cause allergic reaction
Effectiveness: 79% (actual) 85% (perfect)
Obtain: OTC
Cost: spermicidal kits $8-$17
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FEMALE STERILIZATION
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Tubal Sterilization vs Vasectomy
Tubal LigationSurgical/Barrier Method:
Blocks sperm and egg from meeting
ADVANTAGES:
Safe and effective
Long term pregnancy protection
Does not change female’s hormones
Less concerns of side effects than other
methods
DISADVANTAGES:
NO STD PROTECTION
Low reversal rate
Initial expense
Surgery and recovery period
Effectiveness: 99.9% (Pregnancy)
Obtain: Dr./Clinic
Cost: up to $6000.00
VasectomySurgical/Barrier Method:
Blocks sperm and egg from meeting
ADVANTAGES:
Safe and effective
Long term pregnancy protection
Outpatient surgery
Cost less than female sterilization
Reversal is possible at a 70 % success rate
DISADVANTAGES:
NO STD PROTECTION
Initial expense
Surgery and recovery period
Swelling of the testicles
Effectiveness: 99.9% (Pregnancy)
Obtain: Dr./Clinic (outpatient)
Cost: up to $1000.00
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VASECTOMY